US2992084A - Apparatus for regulating the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas - Google Patents

Apparatus for regulating the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas Download PDF

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US2992084A
US2992084A US678673A US67867357A US2992084A US 2992084 A US2992084 A US 2992084A US 678673 A US678673 A US 678673A US 67867357 A US67867357 A US 67867357A US 2992084 A US2992084 A US 2992084A
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pipe
mixture
nozzle
chamber
pressure
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Schropp Rudolf Paul
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Le Four Industriel Belge SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2514—Self-proportioning flow systems
    • Y10T137/2521—Flow comparison or differential response

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  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for maintaining ⁇ constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping in which one of the components of the mixture is caused to enter a convergent nozzle with a narrowed extremity, to which the other component is conveyed, the two components then circulating in a divergent nozzle.
  • Apparatus of this type are known for regulating the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas near the inlet of a gas burner or of a series of burners, in which the gaseous uid at the highest pressure-generally the gasconveys the other gaseous Huid into a narrowed part of a convergent-divergent nozzle, into which this other fluid penetrates perpendicularly to the direction of ow of the iirst iluid.
  • the latters kinetic energy is communicated to the other tiuid, resulting-from the afore- Vmentioned narrowed part onwardsin the production of a mixture of the two fluids.
  • These apparatus suffer from the drawback of failing to ensure a constant proportion of air to fuel-gas in the mixture, under great variation in the delivery of the mixture.
  • the object oi the present invention is to provide an apparatus by which the composition of a mixture of fuelgas and air circulating in a distributing piping is kept constant, whatever pressure may prevail in this piping upstream heating apparatus connected to it and whatever counter-pressure may be present at the outlet from the latter.
  • the apparatus to which the invention relates is charactised in that a convergent nozzle is prolonged in the form of a coaxial cylindrical piping which is surrounded by a second piping which is substantially cylindrical and is coaxial with the first and through which the second component of the mixture is conveyed into the diverging nozzle, in a parallel direction to the iirst of these components and at the same speed, the divergent nozzle being so constructed that the maximum opening top angle must be 14 to 16 such that the speed of the two components is converted into pressure without turbulence, in accordance with Bernouillis law, and the second piping being fed from a chamber which surrounds the convergent nozzle and in which the second component is kept at the same pressure as that which prevails in a chamber where the mixture is effected after leaving the divergent nozzle, by means of a pressure-regulator in communication with this chamber.
  • the circulation of the second component of tlie mixture is brought about in the aforementioned second coaxial cylindrical piping as a result of the difference between the pressure in the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and the pressure which is created around the outlet from the first coaxial cylindrical piping and which is lower than that created at the outlet from the divergent nozzle.
  • any minor errors which may be found in the composition of the mixture may be corrected by an axial displacement of the coaxial pipe which forms an extension of the convergent nozzle, in the second coaxial pipe, provided that this latter has been given a shape slightly resembling that of a truncated cone.
  • the cross section of the passage for the gaseous iluid, passing outside the other, at the inlet to the divergent nozzle, can thus be adjusted in such a way as to obtain the desired ratio.
  • a similar axial displacement can be carried out when the apparatus is in operation, in order to make -a slight modification to the ratio originally selected.
  • the pipe which establishes communication between the pressure-regulator and the mixing-chamber is connected to the air-supply pipe by means of a pipe equipped with a throttle.
  • This arrangement can be used to facilitate the ignition of the gases by enriching the mixture by installing a stop-valve on that part of the communicating pipe between the mixing chamber and the pressure regulator,k
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, partly in section, of one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views of parts of two alternative embodiments of the invention.
  • the apparatus shown in lFIG. 1 comprises a pipe 2 for conveying one of the components of a mixture of air gaseosa and fuel-gas.
  • the said component is assumed to be air and the other component to be fuel-gas, the latter being conveyed through a pipe 3.
  • a convergent nozzle is ⁇ secured to pipe 2 by means of a coupling l4, the shape of the nozzle being such that v'the air circulates through it in parallel jets. In other words, the ow of this air takes place in accordance with Bernouillis law.
  • the convergent nozzle 5 is extended in the form of a small coaxial cylindrical pipe 6.
  • This is surrounded by a second coaxial pipe '7 which is substantially cylindrical and which is in communication with a chamber 8 fed with gas by means of pipe 3 constituting an inlet means therefor.
  • This second coaxial pipe 7 has a shape slightly resembling that of a truncated cone and has its outlet orifice near the plane of the outlet orifice of the cylindrical pipe 6, at the inlet of a diverging nozzle 9, which is also so constructed that the gaseous fluids circulating therein follow Bernouillis law.
  • a chamber 10 At the outlet from the diverging nozzle 9 there is a chamber 10, vwhich communicates with a pressure-regulator 11 by means of a pipe 12.
  • This pressure-regulator controls a pressure-reducer 13 with which pipe 3 is provided, so that the gas-pressure in the chamber 8 yis equal yto that prevailing in the chamber l0.
  • the cross section of the passage provided for ⁇ the gas around the outlet orifice of the iirst cylindrical pipe 6 is such that the gas passes through it at the same speed as the air emerging from pipe 6.
  • the mixing of the fluids takes place in the chamber 10, and it is the pressure of the mixture that is established in the chamber 8, owing to the pressure-regulator 11 and the pressure-reducer 13.
  • the coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the first coaxial cylindrical pipe 6 are made adjustable in their axial position so that the cross section of the passage offered to the gas can be accurately set to the air-gas ratio desired in the mixture.
  • the coupling 4 is secured in position, for example, by means of screws 14, passing through holes 15 in pipe 2.
  • the pipe 12 is connected to the air-supply pipe 2 by a pipe 16 equipped with a throttle 17 controlled, for example by a needle-valve.
  • This throttle allows a slight Vcurrent of air to be conveyed to the mixing-chamber 10, and a sufiicient quantity of this air passes through pipe 12 to ensure that no explosive mixture is formed in the chamber of the pressure-regulator 11 above diaphragm 18 in the latter. If we assume that the pipe 12 causes a negligible loss of pressure in the air circulating therein, a pressure equal to that in the mixing chamber 10 is easy to obtain, ⁇ downstream the throttle 17.
  • the pipe 12 is also equipped with a stop-valve 19. If this latter is closed, the pressure established in the pressure-regulator 11 lis the same as that prevailing in the air-pipe 2, and it is therefore possible to increase the pressure in the chamber 8, whereby the gas-content of the mixture is enriched and ignition thereof facilitated.
  • the axial position of the coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the iirst coaxial pipe 6 are regulated by screwing this coupl'mg into a pipe 20 which is in communication with pipe 2, the pipe 20 having a cover l21 which is temporarily removed to enable the said adjustment to be made.
  • the position of the coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the iirst coaxial pipe 6 can be adjusted owing to the presence, on the said coupling, of two oppositelyformed screw-threads one of which serves for engaging the air pipe 2 and the other engaging a socket 22 which is integral with the divergent nozzle 9.
  • An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with one of the two constituents of the mixture, a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with the other of the constituents of the mixture, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means and pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means ot said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last chamber the same
  • An apparatus for maintaining constant the com position of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with one of the two constituents of the mixture, -a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, pipe means slightly truncated surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, means for axially adjusting the position of said convergent nozzle and said pipe, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with the other of the constituents of the mixture, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as the said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, and pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing
  • An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in the distribution piping comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with air, a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with fuel-gas, a divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and .having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means of said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last chamber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing charnber, said
  • An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with air, a cylindrical pipe coaxial With said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with fuel-gas, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet tone, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means of said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last charnber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing chamber, said pipe means coacting with

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

July 11, 1961 R. P. scHRoPP 2,992,084
APPARATUS FOR REGULATINO THE COMPOSITION OF A MIXTURE OF AIR AND FUEL-GAS Filed Aug. 1e, 195? IN VEN TOR.
00 oLF PHL/L SCA/@OPP M 2,992,084 APPARATUS 'FR REGULATING TI-m COMPOSI- TIN F A MXTURE 0F AIR AND FUEL-GAS Rudolf Paul Schropp, Maastricht, Netherlands, assigner to Le Four Industriel Belge, Uccle (Brussels), Belgium,
a corporation under Belgian laws Filed Aug. 16, 1957, Ser. No. 678,673 Claims priority, application Belgium Aug. 2'4, 1956 4 Claims. ('Cl. 48-180) The present invention relates to an apparatus for maintaining `constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping in which one of the components of the mixture is caused to enter a convergent nozzle with a narrowed extremity, to which the other component is conveyed, the two components then circulating in a divergent nozzle.
Apparatus of this type are known for regulating the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas near the inlet of a gas burner or of a series of burners, in which the gaseous uid at the highest pressure-generally the gasconveys the other gaseous Huid into a narrowed part of a convergent-divergent nozzle, into which this other fluid penetrates perpendicularly to the direction of ow of the iirst iluid. In this case, the latters kinetic energy is communicated to the other tiuid, resulting-from the afore- Vmentioned narrowed part onwardsin the production of a mixture of the two fluids. These apparatus suffer from the drawback of failing to ensure a constant proportion of air to fuel-gas in the mixture, under great variation in the delivery of the mixture.
Attempts have also been made to produce a mixture of a constant composition, at the inlet of a burner or of a series of burners, by providing regulating-devices for the individual delivery of each `of the components which are operated in accordance with the total delivery. This dependence on the delivery of the mixture was brought about, for example, by the pressure of the mixture, in such a way that the regulators opened wider when this pressure tended to decrease, as a result of the coming into operation of a larger number of burners or of an increase in the combustion-rate of the latter.
These already known apparatus are all subject to the drawback that the composition of the mixture varies with the counter-pressure at the outlet from the burners.
The object oi the present invention is to provide an apparatus by which the composition of a mixture of fuelgas and air circulating in a distributing piping is kept constant, whatever pressure may prevail in this piping upstream heating apparatus connected to it and whatever counter-pressure may be present at the outlet from the latter.
The apparatus to which the invention relates is charactised in that a convergent nozzle is prolonged in the form of a coaxial cylindrical piping which is surrounded by a second piping which is substantially cylindrical and is coaxial with the first and through which the second component of the mixture is conveyed into the diverging nozzle, in a parallel direction to the iirst of these components and at the same speed, the divergent nozzle being so constructed that the maximum opening top angle must be 14 to 16 such that the speed of the two components is converted into pressure without turbulence, in accordance with Bernouillis law, and the second piping being fed from a chamber which surrounds the convergent nozzle and in which the second component is kept at the same pressure as that which prevails in a chamber where the mixture is effected after leaving the divergent nozzle, by means of a pressure-regulator in communication with this chamber.
Owing to the fact that the two uids circulate along coaxial paths, and at the same speed at 'the' place where 2,992,084 Patented July 11, 1961 ICC they come in contact with each other, and the fact that they ow into the divergent nozzle without turbulence, no kinetic energy is communicated from one to the other, and they do not substantially mix until after they have emerged from the divergent nozzle. l
The circulation of the second component of tlie mixture is brought about in the aforementioned second coaxial cylindrical piping as a result of the difference between the pressure in the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and the pressure which is created around the outlet from the first coaxial cylindrical piping and which is lower than that created at the outlet from the divergent nozzle.
It is thus easy to determine the cross-section which has to be provided around the outlet from the trst coaxial cylindrical piping to ensure that the two fluids to be mixed together in accordance with a stipulated ratio shall move at the same speed within the plane of this outlet.
Experience has shown that when the pressure in the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle is equal to that in the mixing chamber, the composition of the mixture remains constant even if the pressure in this mixing chamber undergoes very great iluctuations and is reduced, for example, to one eighth of the normal distribution pressure.
To obtain the desired constant ratio between the air and the gas, it is sutl'lcient, since the tlow speeds of the `air and the gas are equal at the outlet from the two coaxial cylindrical pipes in which these lluids circulate, to ensure that the respective cross sections of these outlets bear the same proportion to each other as is desired for the two fluids in the mixture.
When the apparatus is assembled, any minor errors which may be found in the composition of the mixture may be corrected by an axial displacement of the coaxial pipe which forms an extension of the convergent nozzle, in the second coaxial pipe, provided that this latter has been given a shape slightly resembling that of a truncated cone. The cross section of the passage for the gaseous iluid, passing outside the other, at the inlet to the divergent nozzle, can thus be adjusted in such a way as to obtain the desired ratio.
A similar axial displacement can be carried out when the apparatus is in operation, in order to make -a slight modification to the ratio originally selected.
According to an additional feature of the invention, the pipe which establishes communication between the pressure-regulator and the mixing-chamber is connected to the air-supply pipe by means of a pipe equipped with a throttle.
This prevents any explosive mixture from iilling the chamber of the pressure-regulator, said chamber being inuenced by the pressure in the mixing chamber.
This arrangement can be used to facilitate the ignition of the gases by enriching the mixture by installing a stop-valve on that part of the communicating pipe between the mixing chamber and the pressure regulator,k
which is situated between this chamber and the point where this pipe communicates with the aforementioned throttle.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments by way of example and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, partly in section, of one embodiment of the invention, and
FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views of parts of two alternative embodiments of the invention.
Throughout these drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts.
The apparatus shown in lFIG. 1 comprises a pipe 2 for conveying one of the components of a mixture of air gaseosa and fuel-gas. Hereinafter, the said component is assumed to be air and the other component to be fuel-gas, the latter being conveyed through a pipe 3.
A convergent nozzle is `secured to pipe 2 by means of a coupling l4, the shape of the nozzle being such that v'the air circulates through it in parallel jets. In other words, the ow of this air takes place in accordance with Bernouillis law.
At -its outlet, the convergent nozzle 5 is extended in the form of a small coaxial cylindrical pipe 6. This is surrounded by a second coaxial pipe '7 which is substantially cylindrical and which is in communication with a chamber 8 fed with gas by means of pipe 3 constituting an inlet means therefor. This second coaxial pipe 7 has a shape slightly resembling that of a truncated cone and has its outlet orifice near the plane of the outlet orifice of the cylindrical pipe 6, at the inlet of a diverging nozzle 9, which is also so constructed that the gaseous fluids circulating therein follow Bernouillis law.
At the outlet from the diverging nozzle 9 there is a chamber 10, vwhich communicates with a pressure-regulator 11 by means of a pipe 12. This pressure-regulator controls a pressure-reducer 13 with which pipe 3 is provided, so that the gas-pressure in the chamber 8 yis equal yto that prevailing in the chamber l0. The cross section of the passage provided for `the gas around the outlet orifice of the iirst cylindrical pipe 6 is such that the gas passes through it at the same speed as the air emerging from pipe 6.
Owing to the fact that the air and the gas are brought into contact with each other in parallel jets and at the same speed and that they then circulate in the aforementioned divergent nozzle 9, these two gaseous uids are not substantially mixed together until they have left this nozzle.
The mixing of the fluids takes place in the chamber 10, and it is the pressure of the mixture that is established in the chamber 8, owing to the pressure-regulator 11 and the pressure-reducer 13.
The coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the first coaxial cylindrical pipe 6 are made adjustable in their axial position so that the cross section of the passage offered to the gas can be accurately set to the air-gas ratio desired in the mixture. The coupling 4 is secured in position, for example, by means of screws 14, passing through holes 15 in pipe 2.
The pipe 12 is connected to the air-supply pipe 2 by a pipe 16 equipped with a throttle 17 controlled, for example by a needle-valve. This throttle allows a slight Vcurrent of air to be conveyed to the mixing-chamber 10, and a sufiicient quantity of this air passes through pipe 12 to ensure that no explosive mixture is formed in the chamber of the pressure-regulator 11 above diaphragm 18 in the latter. If we assume that the pipe 12 causes a negligible loss of pressure in the air circulating therein, a pressure equal to that in the mixing chamber 10 is easy to obtain, `downstream the throttle 17.
The pipe 12 is also equipped with a stop-valve 19. If this latter is closed, the pressure established in the pressure-regulator 11 lis the same as that prevailing in the air-pipe 2, and it is therefore possible to increase the pressure in the chamber 8, whereby the gas-content of the mixture is enriched and ignition thereof facilitated.
In FIG. 2, the axial position of the coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the iirst coaxial pipe 6 are regulated by screwing this coupl'mg into a pipe 20 which is in communication with pipe 2, the pipe 20 having a cover l21 which is temporarily removed to enable the said adjustment to be made.
In FIG. 3, the position of the coupling 4, the convergent nozzle 5 and the iirst coaxial pipe 6 can be adjusted owing to the presence, on the said coupling, of two oppositelyformed screw-threads one of which serves for engaging the air pipe 2 and the other engaging a socket 22 which is integral with the divergent nozzle 9.
The invention is obviously not limited to the constructional examples shown, and many modifications can be made to the shape, layout and composition of certain parts of the structure without departing from the scope of the appendant claims.
What I claim is:
l. An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping, comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with one of the two constituents of the mixture, a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with the other of the constituents of the mixture, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means and pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means ot said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last chamber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing chamber, said pipe means coacting With the pressure maintained in the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle to maintain equal the speeds of the two-constituents in the plane of the outlet of the pipe.
2. An apparatus for maintaining constant the com position of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping, comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with one of the two constituents of the mixture, -a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, pipe means slightly truncated surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, means for axially adjusting the position of said convergent nozzle and said pipe, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with the other of the constituents of the mixture, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as the said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, and pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means of said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last chamber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing chamber, said pipe means coacting with the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle to maintain equal the Speeds of the two constituents in the plane of the outlet of the pipe.
3. An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in the distribution piping, comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with air, a cylindrical pipe coaxial with said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with fuel-gas, a divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orifice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and .having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means of said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last chamber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing charnber, said pipe means coacting with the pressure maintained in the chamber surrounding to the convergent nozzle to maintain equal the speeds of the two-constituents in the plane of the outlet of the pipe, a second pipe communicating with the air feeding means of the convergent nozzle and with a part `between said pressureregulator means and said mixing chamber, and a throttle in this last pipe.
4. An apparatus for maintaining constant the composition of a mixture of air and fuel-gas in a distribution piping, comprising a convergent nozzle, means for feeding this convergent nozzle with air, a cylindrical pipe coaxial With said convergent nozzle extending at the outlet of the latter, substantially cylindrical pipe means surrounding the pipe coaxially with the latter, a chamber with inlet means surrounding the convergent nozzle for feeding said pipe means with fuel-gas, divergent nozzle means into which the two constituents of the mixture are delivered and connected to the outlet orifice of said pipe means, said cylindrical pipe extending to a point near said outlet orice, said divergent nozzle means having the same axis as said convergent nozzle and having a maximum top opening angle of 16, a mixing chamber at the outlet of the divergent nozzle means, pressure-regulator means communicating with said mixing chamber and with the inlet means of said chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle and maintaining in this last charnber the same pressure as that prevailing in the mixing chamber, said pipe means coacting with the pressure maintained in the chamber surrounding the convergent nozzle to maintain equal the speeds of the two-constituents in the plane of the outlet of the pipe, a second pipe communicating with the air feeding means of the convergent nozzle and with a part between said pressure-regulator means and said mixing chamber, a throttle in this last pipe, and a stop-valve between said mixing chamber and the part where the pipe provided with said throttle is in communication with the pressure-regulator means.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,519,649 Anderson Dec. 16, 1924 2,155,754 Ensign Apr. 25, 1939 2,342,426 Ransome Feb. 22, 1944 2,366,322 Foster Ian. 2, 1945

Claims (1)

1. AN APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING CONSTANT THE COMPOSITION OF A MIXTURE OF AIR AND FUEL-GAS IN A DISTRIBUTION PIPING, COMPRISING A CONVERGENT NOZZLE, MEANS FOR FEEDING THIS CONVERGENT NOZZLE WITH ONE OF THE TWO CONSTITUENTS OF THE MIXTURE, A CYLINDRICAL PIPE COAXIAL WITH SAID CONVERGENT NOZZLE EXTENDING AT THE OUTLET OF THE LATTER, SUBSTANTIALLY CYLINDRICAL PIPE MEANS SURROUNDING THE PIPE COAXIALLY WITH THE LATTER, A CHAMBER WITH INLET MEANS SURROUNDING THE CONVERGENT NOZZLE FOR FEEDING SAID PIPE MEANS WITH THE OTHER OF THE CONSTITUENTS OF THE MIXTURE, DIVERGENT NOZZLE MEANS INTO WHICH THE TWO CONSTITUENTS OF THE MIXTURE ARE DELIVERED AND CONNECTED TO THE OUTLET ORIFICE OF SAID PIPE MEANS, SAID CYLINDRICAL PIPE EXTENDING TO A POINT NEAR SAID OUTLET ORIFICE, SAID DIVERGENT NOZZLE MEANS HAVING THE SAME AXIS AS SAID CONVERGENT NOZZLE AND HAVING A MAXIMUM TOP OPENING ANGLE OF 16*, A MIXING CHAMBER AT THE OUTLET OF THE DIVERGENT NOZZLE MEANS AND PRESSURE-REGULATOR MEANS COMMUNICATING WITH SAID MIXING CHAMBER AND WITH THE INLET MEANS OF SAID CHAMBER SURROUNDING THE CONVERGENT NOZZLE AND MAINTAINING IN THIS LAST CHAMBER THE SAME PRESSURE AS THAT PREVAILING IN THE MIXING CHAMBER, SAID PIPE MEANS COACTING WITH THE PRESSURE MAINTAINED IN THE CHAMBER SURROUNDING THE CONVERGENT NOZZLE TO MAINTAIN EQUAL THE SPEEDS OF THE TWO-CONSTITUENTS IN THE PLANE OF THE OUTLET OF THE PIPE.
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US3143293A (en) * 1961-04-13 1964-08-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Variable-area nozzle
US3159383A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-12-01 Vometec Nv Method of mixing materials and a pneumatic mixing device adapted to said method
US3161020A (en) * 1963-04-18 1964-12-15 Mechanical Tech Inc Centrifugal compressing of low molecular weight gases
US3207485A (en) * 1964-06-01 1965-09-21 Cornell Mfg Co Apparatus for producing liquid mixture
US3273982A (en) * 1965-02-24 1966-09-20 Republic Steel Corp Gas mixing method and apparatus
US3315944A (en) * 1965-04-03 1967-04-25 Cellasto Inc Continuous mixing device for the manufacture of plastic mixtures
US3338560A (en) * 1965-04-15 1967-08-29 Dow Chemical Co Mixing apparatus
US3434698A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-03-25 Millard F Smith Fluid mixing,moving and atomizing methods and apparatus
US3607119A (en) * 1969-09-30 1971-09-21 Midland Ross Corp Apparatus for treating gases
US3794299A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-02-26 Chem Trol Pollution Services Centrifugal reactor
US3799195A (en) * 1971-03-17 1974-03-26 Four Industriel Belge Device for controlling a mixture of two gases
US4117550A (en) * 1977-02-14 1978-09-26 Folland Enertec Ltd. Emulsifying system
US4159881A (en) * 1976-09-02 1979-07-03 Achille Gogneau Turbulent flow conveying device for a mixture
FR2521869A1 (en) * 1982-02-25 1983-08-26 Debreceni Mezoegazdasagi DEVICE FOR FORMING FOAM COMPRISING A CONTROL APPARATUS, IN PARTICULAR FOR FOAM MARKING IN THE AGRICULTURAL DOMAIN
US5103795A (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-04-14 Davis Family Trust Air and fuel mixing apparatus and method
US5408978A (en) * 1993-05-03 1995-04-25 Davis Family Trust Gaseous fuel entrainment apparatus and process
WO1995014889A1 (en) * 1993-11-29 1995-06-01 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Fluid mixing systems and gas-fired water heater
US5642724A (en) * 1993-11-29 1997-07-01 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Fluid mixing systems and gas-fired water heater
US6074176A (en) * 1994-10-20 2000-06-13 Conkin; David W. Proportional product injection circuit with two diaphragm valves
US6572258B1 (en) * 1998-05-13 2003-06-03 Holland Kuhlmobel K. & M. Holland Gmbh Apparatus for mixing at least two flowing media
US20070025862A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-01 Graham Corporation Compressible gas ejector with unexpanded motive gas-load gas interface
US20180135853A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-17 Delbert Thompson Fuel Feedstream Combustion System

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US1519649A (en) * 1923-12-07 1924-12-16 Peter M Anderson Gas-mixing valve
US2155754A (en) * 1934-04-10 1939-04-25 Ensign Carbureter Co Ltd Gas carburetor
US2342426A (en) * 1941-10-01 1944-02-22 Tallent H Ransome Apparatus for producing combustible gaseous mixtures at substantially constant pressures
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US1519649A (en) * 1923-12-07 1924-12-16 Peter M Anderson Gas-mixing valve
US2155754A (en) * 1934-04-10 1939-04-25 Ensign Carbureter Co Ltd Gas carburetor
US2366322A (en) * 1941-07-21 1945-01-02 Western Products Inc Gas mixer
US2342426A (en) * 1941-10-01 1944-02-22 Tallent H Ransome Apparatus for producing combustible gaseous mixtures at substantially constant pressures

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3159383A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-12-01 Vometec Nv Method of mixing materials and a pneumatic mixing device adapted to said method
US3143293A (en) * 1961-04-13 1964-08-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Variable-area nozzle
US3161020A (en) * 1963-04-18 1964-12-15 Mechanical Tech Inc Centrifugal compressing of low molecular weight gases
US3207485A (en) * 1964-06-01 1965-09-21 Cornell Mfg Co Apparatus for producing liquid mixture
US3273982A (en) * 1965-02-24 1966-09-20 Republic Steel Corp Gas mixing method and apparatus
US3315944A (en) * 1965-04-03 1967-04-25 Cellasto Inc Continuous mixing device for the manufacture of plastic mixtures
US3338560A (en) * 1965-04-15 1967-08-29 Dow Chemical Co Mixing apparatus
US3434698A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-03-25 Millard F Smith Fluid mixing,moving and atomizing methods and apparatus
US3607119A (en) * 1969-09-30 1971-09-21 Midland Ross Corp Apparatus for treating gases
US3799195A (en) * 1971-03-17 1974-03-26 Four Industriel Belge Device for controlling a mixture of two gases
US3794299A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-02-26 Chem Trol Pollution Services Centrifugal reactor
US4159881A (en) * 1976-09-02 1979-07-03 Achille Gogneau Turbulent flow conveying device for a mixture
US4117550A (en) * 1977-02-14 1978-09-26 Folland Enertec Ltd. Emulsifying system
FR2521869A1 (en) * 1982-02-25 1983-08-26 Debreceni Mezoegazdasagi DEVICE FOR FORMING FOAM COMPRISING A CONTROL APPARATUS, IN PARTICULAR FOR FOAM MARKING IN THE AGRICULTURAL DOMAIN
US5103795A (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-04-14 Davis Family Trust Air and fuel mixing apparatus and method
US5408978A (en) * 1993-05-03 1995-04-25 Davis Family Trust Gaseous fuel entrainment apparatus and process
WO1995014889A1 (en) * 1993-11-29 1995-06-01 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Fluid mixing systems and gas-fired water heater
US5642724A (en) * 1993-11-29 1997-07-01 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Fluid mixing systems and gas-fired water heater
US6074176A (en) * 1994-10-20 2000-06-13 Conkin; David W. Proportional product injection circuit with two diaphragm valves
US6572258B1 (en) * 1998-05-13 2003-06-03 Holland Kuhlmobel K. & M. Holland Gmbh Apparatus for mixing at least two flowing media
US20070025862A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-01 Graham Corporation Compressible gas ejector with unexpanded motive gas-load gas interface
US20180135853A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-17 Delbert Thompson Fuel Feedstream Combustion System

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