US294913A - Dynaivlo-electric machine - Google Patents

Description

'(No Model.)

0. RIGHTERF DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. N0. Z94,913. Patented Mar. 11, 1884.

mfnessewjzweniarw ju g UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

CHARLES RICHTER, v()F CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,913, dated March 11, 1884.

' Application filed May 1882. (x0 model),

To all 'wholn itmay concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES Rronrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Oamden,'in the county of Camden and State New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which my invention relates to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation, showing the annular armature in conj unction with the fieldofforce magnets and the position in which the helices are wound upon the latter. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1, showing the manner in which the field-magnets, together with the two uprights which sustain the armature, are bolted to a common base. Fig. 3isa sectional View of the armature shown in Fig. 1, in which are to be seen the core and radial projections, with intervening spaces for the reception of the inducing copper coils used upon annular armatures. Fig. at is a longitudinal sectional view of thearmature shown in Fig. 1, cut

- through the center, and representing themanner in which the inducing-coils are wound thereon. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the commutator and brushes, with the frame of the latter, which is so arranged that the position of the brushes can be altered from the maximum to the minimum points of efficien cy upon the commutator. Figs. 6 and 7 are views in detail of the armature; and Figs. 8 and 9 are further detail views of the same, Fig. 9 showing the airspaces left in the core thereof.

The object of this improvement is to con struct a dynamo-electric machine the helices 0f the stationary magnets of which shall occupy parts thereon most conducive to obtaining the greatest degree of magnetic saturation with the least expenditure of electrical energy,and, in conjunction with the field-of-force magnets,

to so construct an armature which shall have large magnetic surface and free ventilation for the dissipation of heat by convection, said armature possessing a suitable device for the re ception of the inducing copper coils usually employed upon annular armatures.

Upon referring to the drawings it will be seen that in Fig. 1 a 0 represent the iieldot force magnets, which consist of two convexo concave pieces, formed of two complete castings bolted together at b I), as'shown in Fig. 2.

These sides have flanges for fastening them by bolts to a base, as at b b, Fig. 2. The cast ings are provided, also, withinwardly-extend ing blocks of flanges c, which come closeup to the consequent points and form cores, whereon wire is wound to form helices, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These helices are connected together in the usual manner. The polar extensions d of said blocks or flanges are of curved shape, and each extension is common to two or more of said blocks or flanges. It will be observed that the helices cover a large mass of the magnets where they have most effect by being placed in such close proximity to the consequent points, and a much higher induc tion is thereby obtained than when the coils are farther removed from those points, and half the quantity of wire upon the stationary magnets of the construction herein referred to as that used upon either the Gramme or Siemens type produce the same magnetic saturation-that is to say, when the machines are of corresponding horse-power. The polar extensions d d can be any desirable distance apart, and I prefer one extension of opposite sides slightly in advance of the others, the best re sults being obtained by this construction. 0 c are slots for the passage of air when the ar mature is in motion. The annular armature to work in conjunction with this construction of field-magnets is formed of a core, 76 k, of a suitable number of layers of iron wire, wound one layer upon another round a spider, h h, Figs. 1 and 3, at right-angles to the axis of rotation. The spider is shown as cast in two parts, (Fig. 7 representing one part,) which are brought together and secured by soldering or otherwise. h h, Fig. 7 are end extensions or flanges of the spider-ribs to keep the ironwire core in its place. The spaces h h between the ribs of the spider are, before winding the core, packed with some suitable materialsuch as woodwhich is given a cylindrical form. The core is then wound thereon, after which the packing is removed. A large surface is thus exposed to the cooling effect of the air when the machine is in operation. The layers of wire forming the core of the armature are separated bypins i i, Fig. 9, into eon- 1 into the frame a or until the former presses secutivc series of coils, thus leaving air-spaces right through the armature for the complete ventilation of the same. Upon the periphery of this iron-wire core are fixed, by soldering or otherwise, a suitable number of concentric iron-wire rings, 7.2 k, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8. These rings have radial projections 75- 75*,

Fig. 8, and intervening channels for the reception of the inducing copper eoi1s l, which are wound upon the armature parallel to the axis of rotation, as represented in Fig. 4, and are connected scriutim to the commutator segments.

The brushes m m are mounted upon an adjustable insulated frame, a n,which is made to move round the co1nmutator-cylinder a from the maximum to minimum points of eificiency thereon, and to carry with it the attached indicator o. This indicator passes over a scale,

)7, which is so arranged and constructed as to represent the proper point upon the commutator 'r at which the brushes mm should be set to obtain the necessary current strength to 0p crate the required number of lamps in circuit. a is a handle having a thread cut thereon, which screws into the frame a a, as shown in Fig. 5. When it is required to set the brushes at any point upon 1', the handle 8 is screwed upon a stationary part underneath, when the brushes will be fastened at that point.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1.- In a dynamoelectric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two sides, each in a single piece, constructed with slots 0", to admit air, and provided with flanges 0, upon which helices are wound, substantially as set forth.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two concaveeonvex sides provided with inwardly-extend ing flanges 0, upon which helices are wound, and polar extensions (I, each of said polar ex tensions being attached to two of the flanges c, substantially as set forth.

3. In the armature of a dynamo-machine. the consecutive series of concentric iron-wirc rings placed upon the periphery of the core, these rings having radial projections, leaving intervening channels for the reception of the inducing-coils, as shown and described.

CHARLES RICHTER.

\Vitnesses:

BERNIIARD Scnnonnm-r, (flnxxnnns G. PERKINS.

Images