US294619A - X e eugene hebmite - Google Patents
X e eugene hebmite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US294619A US294619A US294619DA US294619A US 294619 A US294619 A US 294619A US 294619D A US294619D A US 294619DA US 294619 A US294619 A US 294619A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chloride
- lead
- bleaching
- eugene
- soda
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 16
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
I E. .HERMITE. r BLEAGHING OF PAPER PULP OR OTHER FIBROUS 0R TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS.
Patented M u-. 4, 1884. y
lllll'lll'l llllllll I WJ TJ V'EISSES i llni'rnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EUGENE HERMITE, or rams, FRANCE.
BLEACHING OF PAPER-PULP OR OTHER FIBROUS OR TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS.
SPECIFICA'IIO N forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,619, dated March 4, 1884.
Application filed December 3, 1883. (No model.) Patented in France October 22, 15383; in Belgium October 29, 1883; in England October 30, 1883; in Austria-Hungary October 30, 1883; in Spain October 30, 1883; in Russia October 31,1883;- in Germany November 3, 188 3; in Norway November 3, 1883 in Italy November 8. 1883,- in Denmark November 8, 1883; in Sweden November 10, 1883, and in Portugal December 22, 1883.
4 5 cases.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EUGENE HERMITE, a citizen of the Republic of France, and residing in Paris, France, have invented certain 5 Improvements in or Connected with the Bleaching of Paper-Pulp or other Fibrous or Textile Materials or Fabrics, of which the following is a specification. v
This process maybe employed for bleaching 1o textile materials generally, but is more especially applicable to bleaching paper-pulp.
' For convenience of description the said pro cess may be considered as divided into two stages.
In carrying out the first stage of the improved process, chloride of sodium or of potassium is decomposed by an electric current, and in presence of a metal, preferably lead, in such a manner as to obtain soda and potash and chloride of lead.
The form and arrangement of the apparatus employed may be modified according to circumstances but good results have been obtained with the apparatus hereinafter de- 2 5 scribed.
The view in the accompanying drawing is a sectional View illustrating the apparatus.
In the center of a wooden vessel, A, the bot tom of which is provided with a discharge- 3Q pipe, a, is placed a porous cylinder, 13, on the axis of which is arranged a leaden cylinder, 0, forming the negative electrode. A second leaden cylinder, D, surrounding the porous cylinder, acts as the positive electrode. Any
5 convenient number of cellsthus constituted are connected in tension.
Underneath the discharge pipes there is provided a wooden gutter or. trough, E,which collects the chloride of lead formed, and con- 0 ducts it to a tank, F, provided for its reception. A- solution of bay salt is prepared in a tank, H, whence it is drawn by a pump, G, and transferred to a store-tank, K, from which it is distributed to the porous vessels and The electric current acts upon the bay salt in the porous vessel, the solution occupying the remaining part of the case, acting more especially as a conducting-liquid. Un- "der the influence of the current chloride of arranged accordingly.
lead is formed at the positive pole, and caustic soda at thehiegative pole, (or potash when chloride'of potassium is used.) The soda is removed by means of pipes Z), extending at one extremity nearly to the bottom of the porous vessels, and connected at the other exu tremity with a closed chamber, L, from which the liquid is drawn by a pump, M, and delivered. into a suitable tank or vessel, N. The soda or potash obtained by this operation is used, in the usual manner for bleaching purposes. The chloride of lead serves to produce the chlorine necessary for bleaching the materials prepared by the soda.
In carrying outthe second stage of the im-- proved process, the chloride of lead obtained by means of the-operation hereinbefore depole, situated above the gauze and insulated therefrom, is constituted by a plate of prepared carbon, platinum,,or platinized copper or other conducting materialproof against the action of chlorine. At the negative pole any suitable conducting material may be employed in place of the lead. The electric current causes'nascent chlorine to be generated at the positive pole, and this chlorine is dissolved in the liquid and bleaches the materials under treatment. At the negative pole is'deposited metallic lead, which may be collected for the market, or is preferably employed for decomposing a fresh quantity of alkaline chloride, as hereinbefore described, being thereby reconverted into chloride of lead, and then again treated as hereinbefore described. Caustic soda (or potash) and chloride of lead are thus obtained by means of the improved process. The soda is used to prepare the textile or fibrous materials in the bleaching process. The gradual and regulated decomposition of the chloride of lead by the electric current in the presence of the fibrous material enables the bleaching to be economically eit'ectcd without injuring the fibers.
For decomposing the chlorides of potassium or of sodium, zinc, iron, or tin may be employed in place of lead at the positive pole. Caustic soda is thereby obtained, as in the first case, and chlorides of zinc, iron, or tin at the positive pole. The chlorides subjected to electrolysis in presence of the textile or fibrous material yield nascent chlorine, and the metal is deposited as hereinbefore described with reference to lead.
I claim 1. In bleaching textile or fibrous materials, decomposing chlorides of soda or potash by an electric current under such conditions as to cause the formation of an alkali (soda or potash) and a metallic chloride, preferably chloride of lead, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In bleaching textile or fibrous materials, decomposing the metallic chloride in the presence of the materials that are to be bleached, and recovering the metal in the metallic state for use in subsequent operations, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In an apparatus for bleaching fibrous materials, the combination of a rag engine or equivalent apparatus with the above-described devices for simultaneously effecting the electrolysis of the metallic chloride, bleaching the pulp, and recovering'the precipitated metal, substantially as set forth.
In'testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witncsses.
EUGENE IIERMTTE.
\Vitncsses:
I LEON FRANQKE I,
Ron'r. M. Hoornn.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US294619A true US294619A (en) | 1884-03-04 |
Family
ID=2363806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US294619D Expired - Lifetime US294619A (en) | X e eugene hebmite |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US294619A (en) |
-
0
- US US294619D patent/US294619A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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