US292864A - Jakob schweizeb - Google Patents

Description

(No. Model.)`

J. SCHWEIZER. l GAS MOTORENGINE.

' Patented Feb. 5, m84,

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engine through a valved aperture.

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Miri-3 *rares afrnnrr 'ri-icm eAs-MoToR ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming'part of Letters Patent No. 292,864, dated February 5,1884.

Application filed March 2, 1888. (No model.) Patented in France January 16, 1353, No. 153,134..

To all whom it may concern: Y

Be it known that I, .Taxon SCHWEIZER, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, and a resident of Soleure, Switzerland, have invented certain Improvements in Gas Motors or Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an engine the piston of which is actuated by compressed aerifo'rm gases produced by intermittent explosionsof a detonating mixture of gas and atmospheric air, the gases being compressed in the cylinder or closed vessel where the explosion takes place, and by their elastic tension expanding directly into the cylinder of the The engine is single acting,7 so-called, and the valves which controlthe admission of gas to the vessel wherein the explosion takes place and the escape of air from the engine-cylinder onits return-stroke are both actuated from the engine-shaft.

My object is to avoid the difficulty always encounteied in gas-engines of getting rid ofthe products of comb istion, or burned gases,77 so-called. I do this by separating my enginecylinder from the explosion-chamber by an automatic check-valve which opens into the enginecylinder. I explode my charge of mixed gases in the upper part of the explosion-chamber, the lower part of which is filled with the heavier products of combustion. This compresses the latter andforces them downward through thenvalve-aperture into `the engine-cylinder, where they act upon the piston in the same manner as compressed air. The piston expels them at the next stroke.

'Thus each explosion expels into the enginecylinder the burned gases left from the last preceding explosion. I interpose no piston between the supernatant explosive ch arge and the i heavier body of burned gases to be compressed.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my motor, the water-jacket being partly broken away.` Fig. 2is a plan. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3 3 in Fig. 2.

Let A represent a suitable bed-plate, and B a suitable frame mounted thereon, to support the engine. l C is the engine-cylinder, surrounded by a water-jacket, D, to prevent undue heating.

head b with a crank in the main shaft F, on f which is mounted the ily-wheel Gr.

So far the parts described are similar to those of an ordinary single-acting engine.

Mounted on the top oi' the engine-cylinder C, so as to form a cover or head for the same, is a base-plate, d, which forms also the bottom of a closed cylinder, H, in which the detonating mixture is exploded, and in which the products of combustion are compressed. This may be a closed vessel of any kind strong enough to stand the strain.

On the side of cylinder H is mounted atubular piece, I, through which the gas passes into the cylinder. Interiorly, the conduit or passage e in this piece communicates with a pipe, f, which turns upward in cylinder H, and is perforated at its upper end to permit the gas to escape into and diffuse itself in the upper part of II. The gas is admitted to the chamber II through a gas-pipe, g.

In the tubular piece I is a slide-valve, J, which has a cross-port that may, bythe movement of said valve end wise, be put into or out of register' with the passage e, and thus control the admission of gas to cylinder H; and

, erly timed and regulated.

In the upper part of the cylinder II is an aperture, L, for the admission of air, which aperture is closed by a clack-valve,`l, which opens inward. Opposite thisaperture is a gas-jet, m, which is suppliedwith gas from the conduit e by a suitable pipe, `as shown, and near this jetris another jet, a, supplied from the same source. This is a relighting- IOO jet, and its purpose will be explained more -`particularly hereinafter. The passage of 'gas through the conduit e may be regulated by a 2 f garage-1 cock, o, and that to the burners or jets by cocksp, as shown in Fig. 2.

I will now describe the operation. Suppose the valve J to be open to admit gas to the cylinder H, the piston E to be standing at the upper end of the cylinder C, and the valveK to be closed. The gas enters and mixes with" the air in the upper part of cylinder H to an extent sufficient to form an explosive compound. The jets m and 'n are lighted. The operator turns the iiy-wheel G'far enough to close the valve J Vand cut off the gas-conduit. The piston descends slightly and exhausts a portion of the air from cylinder H through a valved aperture in d, which is closed by a valve, q, which opens downward and is normally upheld by a spring. The rarefaction of the air in H causes the outer air to rush into said cylinder at k, sucking in with it the flame from the jet m. This causes an explosion of the gaseous mixture in the upper part of H, which simultaneously closes valve Z and expands through the valve-aperture between I-I and C. This effect is produced by the compression of the gases in H due to the explosion, and the elastic tension of these gases acts upon the piston'E, which thus receives a sufficient impetus to carry the crank in the main shaft over its center. l/Vhen the piston has reached the bottom of its outstroke, as in Fig. 3, the valve K opens port h and permits the compressed gases to escape, so that the piston may rise again. Thus, having once given the fly-wheel an impetus by hand, the explosions will take place thereafter in rapid succession-one for each revolution of the main shaft--and the piston will receive a series of successive impulses, which will be sufficient to produce the required rotary motion of the shaft F.

It will be, observed that theppiston first acts to exhaust, a portion of the gases from the cylinder H, whereby the iiame of the jet is sucked or drawn in and the gases ignited, and is then acted upon itself by the elastic tension of the gases compressed by the explosion. The sudden closing of the valve Z by the explosion is apt to extinguish the jet on. Therefore I supply the relighting-jet a, which is so arranged as to relight jet m, but to be unaffected by the shock of the valve when it closes.

I do not wish to limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the parts herein shown, as these may be departed from to some extent without detriment-as, for example, the valves J and K need not be actuated from the same valve-rod. It is only necessary that some good form of valve be em` ployed, and that they be actuated at the proper time. The cylinder H and plate d might also be in one. The jets m n might also be supplied with gas from some other point or source from that shown.

I have before stated that my object is to get rid of the burned gases. To accomplish this, the rationale of my method is as follows: The chamber H, which is cut off from the engine-cylinder, stands nearly full of the heavier products of combustion. A charge of an explosive mixture of lighter gases is introduced at the upper part of H, where they rest or float. on the heavier products of combustion below. The rst part of the pistons descent slightly rarefies the gases in chamber H, andcauses air to flow in at k, drawing in the flame ofjet m. This ignites the charge,which explodes and forces the gases in the lower part of'H, down into the -engine-cylinder, where they act on the piston. The piston, on its upstroke, expels the gases above it through h. Equilibrium has been re-established in H, and the same series of operations is repeated.

It is designed that the air necessary to form the explosive mixture shall enter at lc, as the valve Z stands normally slightly ajar; but I might admit an explosive mixture of inflammable gas and air through f, as is commonly practiced in gas-motor engines. v

I am aware that it has been proposed to compress atmospheric air by means of apiston acted upon by the explosion of a charge of detonating gases. This,- however, differs materially from my method, as I employ no piston between the explosive charge and the gases to be compressed, and I compress the burned gases left from the explosion of the last preceding charge. These gases pass into the engine-cylinder, and are exhausted therefrom without admixture with the next explosive charge.

l Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In a gas-motor engine, the combination, with the vertically-arranged cylinder of the engine and the piston of the same, of a chamber, H, arranged on the top of the enginecylinder, means for admitting a charge of a mixture of explosive gases tothe upper part of said chamber, a valve, Z, arranged to open into the upper part of said chamber to permit air to enter the latter, an automatic valve, q, in the partition separating the chamber H from the engine-cylinder, and arranged to open into said cylinder, a jet, m, arranged opposite to the valve Z, and adapted to be drawn into chamberH by the rarefaction of the gases in the latter, and means, substantially as shown, for admitting the explosive charge to the chamber H, whereby, when the charge explodes in the upper part of the chamber, the heavier products of combustion in the lower part of same will be compressed and forced into the engine-cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a gas motor or engine, of the engine-cylinder, piston-rod, piston, cross-head,connecting-rod, crankedshaft, and fly-wheel, with the vessel H, provided with the valved air-inlet 7c, the valved aperture between it and the engine-cylinder, and the pipe f, the valve J, arranged to control the ingress of gas, the valve K, arranged to IOO IIO

control the exhaust-port of the engine-cylinder, means, substantially as described, for aotuating said valves J and K, and the jet m, for

igniting the gaseous mixture in the vessel H, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of agas-1notor engine, of a closed chainber to receive an explosive mixture of air and inflammable gas at its upper part, provided with an aperture or passage in its. lower part leading into the engine-cylinder above the'piston, a Check-valve opening downward into the engine-cylinder to control said passage, an

aperture at the upper part of said explosionchaniber, and a check-valve to control said

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