US291651A - Poele - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(Model.)

C. J. VAN DEPOELE.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 291,651. Patented Jen. 8, 1884.

.Q/ mmm u/ .ma m/ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. J. VAN DEPOELE.

(Model.)

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 291,651. \V Patented Jan. 8, 1884.

limitan Sri-iras CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE, OF CHIFAGO,

Pa t rit-.Vr

llililNOlS.

ELECTREC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,651, dated January 8, 1884.

Application filed April 3, 1353.

(Model.)

State of Illinois. have invented new and usei'ul Improvements in Electric Lamps for Continuous Currents; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which i'orm a part of this spccitication.

This invention relates to certain new and usei'ul improvements in the construction ot' electric lamps ot' the are type; and the invention consists in the peculiar construction, combination, arrangement, and operation of parts, whereby a perfectly steady feed ot' carbon is obtained, as more t'ully hereinafter explained, reference being had to the drawings annexed to and forming a part oi' this specilication.

Figure l isa front View ot' the feeding mechanism ot' the lamp, the lower portion ot' the lamp being omitted, as any of the ordinary constructions mayT be followed. Fig. 2 is a side view. Fig. 3 is aview the reverse of Fig. l. Fig. et is a horizontal section on the line ofthe axis of the magnets in Fig. l. Fig. 5 shows the circuits. Fig. (i is a top plan ofthe lifter. Fig. 7 is a detail showing the escapeinent which moderates the descent ot the carbon-carrying rod. Fig. S is a view in elevation, showing the general arrangement and construction ot my improved lamp.

Fig. l is a i'ront view of the mechanism of the lamp, in which is shown the electro-inagnets A and B, A being in the main and B in the derived circuit. C C are the cores of the electro-magnets. E E is the iron armature, pivoted at its center, and acted upon by the electro-magnets A and B. F is a sleeve slipped on t-he upper carbon rod, resting with itsv under end upon the armature-shaft. On the upper part oitl said sleeve is a plate, F2, having tour projecting studs, upon which rest the lifter or clutch, which is composed ot' two brass plates, G G, connected together by an elastic plate, d, upon their lower sides, and provided at the center ot' said combination with two steel jaws, a b, as shown in Fig. (5. H H are two trip-screws, intended to open the lifter when the sleeve F moves downward by separating the sections of which it is composed.

Said trip-screws are also provided with springs c, slipped upon them, and held down by proper nuts, .so that when the sleeve F moves upk ward the lifter is pressed down in the center by said springs, (instead ot" being pulled upward and ope-ned transversely by the tripscrews lil H.) causing the jaws to hold the carl bon rod and to lii't the same when F moves up. l is an adjustable contact-screw, adapted to give passage to the the derived circuit in the magnet B. .l is a screw intended to adjust by means ot a spring the upward pressure ot' the armature li, and thus to regulate the speed ot' the interruption. l is an armature intended to produce the interruptions olA the derived circuit in thc electro-magnet B. L is an angle-piece attached to B, and carrying the insulated screw l. 3l. and )l are the top and bottom plates ot' the top part ot a lamp. l and F are )ivotserews carrying the armature l l. Q Q is the insulation ot' the different parts. S are the supports to F and F and to the armature l ll, l, positive pole; N, :negative pole. O is the lower lrame ot' lamp, connected to negative binding-post, as seen in 5. U is a small piece ol' iron communicating vibrations to li.

Fig. 2 is a side view ot'- the lamp mechanism. showing the magnet B. lll ll are the ends ol' the armature. l F are the pivot-screws on which the armature E E oscillatcs. S S are the supports to l? F and E l. rFhe vibrating system consists of the piece of iron U, intended to bring magnetism up to l, which, on the passage oi' the current, will be attracted, thus breaking contact with l, thus interrupting the current in the electro-magnet B, when K will rise again and complete the circuit. y means of .I and its spring J, l can be made to vibrate with more or less rapidity. rIherc are two circuits around the core ot' the electromagnet B, both derived between the arc. @ne coil has the current closed constantly, while in the other the current is interrupted, as above stated. rlhe vibrations are communicated by the core C to the armature l E,which actuates the i'eed.

Fig. 3 is a rear end view ot' the mechanism, showing the soft-iron armature l E, with its cent-ral shaft, l), upon which rests the sleeve F when E F. is oscillated or moved toward the center oi' the core t" in magnet A. It will be IOO a v seinem seen that the sleeve F will be raised by the l positive binding-post, thence to ythe main l action of the shaft D, which is provided with a flat bearing extending a certain distance from the cent-er of motion, as seen in Fig. a. The positive pole is insulated from the plate M by insulation Q. V is the carbon rod.

Fig. et is a horizontal section through the electro-magnets A and B, through the arma ture E E, and the cent-ral shaft, D. C C are the iron magnet-cores. E E and E E are the double armatures, secured at their centers to the ends of the cast-iron shaft D, which is provided at its center with a circular opening large enough not to touch the carbon rod Y. As will be seen, D has in its central part an extension, whichforms a seat for the sleeve F. The seat extends from the center of motion so far that when EEmoves at its extremity, say, one-quarter of an inch, the seat will only move about one-sixteenth, carrying with it the tube F, thus raising the upper carbon. E E and E E are rigidly attached to the shaft D, which is pivotcd on the pivots F l?, supported by S S Fig. 5 shows the circuits in the lamps, as follows: The current enters at P to the main electro-magnet A. The current follows the coil of this electro-magnet toits inside terminal, which is connected or soldered to the brass ends of A, which is in turn secured to plateqM, and plate M is in electrical contact with the rod V through the brass or copper s )ring V secured to M and )ressinv tiOhtl f. l a a a 1 o o 5 against the rod Y. The current passes down the top carbon tothe lower one, from the lower carbon to the frame O, whence the current passes to negative pole by the copper eonductor O, thus completing the main circuit. The derived circuit is completed as follows: The electro-magnet B is wound with two independent coils of high resistance. One of the inner terminals is permanently connected to the end of the electro-magnet B at l, which is positive. The inner terminal of t-he next coil is connected to the insulated screw l, so that when K strikes l this terminal is also positive, while both outside terminals of the respective coils are connectod together at 3, and led by a suitable conductor to the negative bindingpost at 4, thus completing one circuit, one coil having a steady current to act upon the core C, while the second coil will have its current interrupted by the vibrator K. Saidinterruptions act also upon the core C, which in turn react upon E E with a force corresponding to the length of the are.

Fig. 6 shows the lifter or clutch, as seen at its top, composed of the two brass plates G G. a b are the steel jaws. A B are the two magnets, and M is the bottom plate.

Fig. 7 shows the clock-escapement intended to moderate the descent of the top rod, V.

Having described the different combinations and parts of my lamp, I will now proceed to explain the operation of the same.

f The course of the current through the lamp is as follows: The main current enters at the electro-magnet A, thence to the lower plate, M, thence through the brush V to upper earbon rod, thence through carbons to the frame O, thence to negative bindingpost, and to line. The shunt-circuit includes the electro-magnet B, that is wound with two separate coils, is of relatively high resistance, and starts from the core thereof, which, being in electrical connection with the plate M, is always positive. The wire or wires composing the said circuit are wound separately upon a single core and united at a point close to the exterior of the magnet, from whence a single wire leads to the negative binding-post, completing the circuit.

In establishing the current by connecting the posts F" and N to the respective termi- -nals of a source of electricity, the main electromagnet A will become excited, and, acting by both ends of the core C, will draw upward to its center the nearest end of the double armature E E. In so doing the sleeve F will be raised correspondingly, and with it the lifter G G, which will carry the rod V, thus separating thccarbons and producing the arc. Thus far the electro magnet D has not come into play; but soon the carbons will burn away and more current will be forced through the coils of D. At this moment the core of B will become excited, and the piece U will attract the vibrator K, interrupting the current in one of the coils D. In the second coil B, the derived circuit being continuous, the core C will be more strongly inagnetized, and the vibrations will become stronger and more determined with the increase of distance between the two carbons, so that thecombined action of the steady and the interrupted currents in both coils of the electro-magnet B will tend to draw the armature E E toward the center of its core C, thus oscillating the shaft D and tending to bring said shaft with its seat in a horizontal position, lowering the sleeve F, and with it the lifter G G, which will presently strike in its middle part on the heads of the trip-screws H H. Any farther downward motion of the sleeve F will open the jaws of the said lifter, and thus allow the top carbon to feed down. As soon as the proper are is established, the current will be weakened in the coils ofthe electroniagnet B, and the double armature will again obey the main electromagnet A, and stop the feed by lifting or raising the sleeve F and lifter G lr. A moment comes after the lamps have been well adjusted when the electro-magnet A and the electromagnet B are constantly trying to overbalance each other, and, since the double armature is constantly vibrating, the least downward motion will allow the lifter to touch the tripscrews H H and open its jaws, allowing .the carbon rod to come through about a hair at a time. This is caused by the vibrations produced in the armature E E by means of the interrupted derived circuit. This oscillating motion of the armature is extremely rapid, se

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that the lifter never opens longer than for a l circuitbrealier included therein, said electrofraetion of a second at a time. The rod is thus prevented from making any fast downward movement, and the feed of the carbons thus produced is imperceptible, and the result a perfectly steady light. The descent of the top carbon rod is further rendered more gentle b v the escapement T, which helps to secure a gradual and uniform downward feed. In some cases the derived circuit around the core C in the electromagnet B is interrupted in both coils, instead of in only one, or the two coils may be replaced by a single coil. This is done so as to prevent the iine wire being burned in case of an abnormal arc. The vibrator K will in this case make and break circuit with violence, but, since the current will not be dowing continuously, the fine wire will be saved, whereas in ease of the continuous current said fine wire magnets would be destroyed.

lt will be seen that the interruptions in the derived-circuit electromagnet has two aims, the first being to produce a rapid motion in the, armature E E, so as to render its action more sensitive and sharp, and to react upon the feed of the top carbon rod. The second aim of the interruptions in the derived circuit is to save the line-wire magnet in case of an accidental long arc.

l do not limit myself to the above-described peculiar method otl producing said interruptions inthe derived circuit, as many different devices can be made to accomplish the same result without departing from the spirit of my invention, and so can different contrivances be used, in combination with the vibrating armatures, to act upon the feed mechanism ot' the carbons without changing my aim.

ln order to utilize the escapement for the purpose hereinbefore described, one side of the carbon-carrying rod Y is toothed, as at c, and one of the wheels of the train YV' engages with the teeth upon the rod, and, through its connections with the other wheels of the train, brings into action the escapement.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. ln an electric-arc lamp, an electro-inagnet located in the main circuit, in conibination with an electro-magnet having two independent coils wound in the same direction upon its core, bot-h coils being in a derivation between the earbons, one of said coils having its circuit closed continuously, and the other having its current interrupted by a proper circuit-breaker or vibrator, both coils coacting upon said core to produce vibratory movements in the armature and feeding devices of the lamp, substantially as set forth.

2. ln an electric-arc lamp, an electromagnet in the main circuit and an electro-magnet having two independent coils wound in the same direction upon its core, both of said coils being located in a shunt around the arc, the circuit through one ot' said coils being closed continuously, and that through the other being continuously broken by a Suitable magnets acting upon a compound armature having a central shaft provided with pivots, upon which said armature will oscillate, actuating the carbon-feeding devices under the intluence of the above-named electro-magnets, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, an electro-inagnet located in a shunt around the arc, and having two independent coils upon its core, the circuit through one of said coils being closed continuously, and that through the other being continuously made and broken by a suitable circuit-breaker included therein, both said coils being wound in the same direction and coaeting upon said core, substantially as set forth.

l. In an eleetric-arc lamp, a compound armature consisting of a central shalt of iron, D, having bars of soft iron, E, centrally attached to its extremities, and a seat provided upon its middle portion, upon which a sleeve rests, said sleeve supporting the carbon holding and feeding mechanism of the lamp, and operated by the oscillations ot' said shaft under the influence ol' the steady main electromagnet A and pulsating shunt-magnet B upon the said bars li, the shaft l) being provided with a circular opening in its center for the carbon rod, substantially as set forth.

5. ln an electric-are lamp, the compound armature E, in combination with the sleeve F, slipped loosely over the carbon rod Y, the sleeve l?, provided with a plate. l, and projecting studs supporting the lifter G G', and

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proper means for raising and lowering thek sleeve l?, so as to make the lifter either hold or release thc carbon rods, substantially as described.

(l. ln an electric-arc lamp, the clutch or lifter G G, made of two parts, and united in its center by a flexible or elastic band ol' metal, adapted to hold the parts together, and provided with steel jaws c l, in combination with the trip-screws l-l, so disposed, in conjunction with the clutch, that when said clutch is raised from said screws the jaws (t b will close upon the rod Y, holding and raising the same during the upward movement of the sleeve F, when F moves downward the reverse taking place, the lifter stril-:ing the screws H, opening the clutch, and allowing the rodTto move downward, as above specified, and for the purposes described.

7. ln an electric-arc lamp which is provided with a serrated carboincarrying rod and devices for automatically feeding the same by means of the oscillations ot' a centrallypivoted armature, actuated by the cores ot' a steady main and pulsating shunt magnet, train of gear-wheels, and an eseapement, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

CHARLES J. 'Vrl'l JEPGELE.

Vitnesses:

" lrrno. l. liinnv, Fal v It Sirn'wA ufr.

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