US2901434A - - jl jfco - Google Patents
- jl jfco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2901434A US2901434A US2901434DA US2901434A US 2901434 A US2901434 A US 2901434A US 2901434D A US2901434D A US 2901434DA US 2901434 A US2901434 A US 2901434A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- benzaldehyde
- solution
- water
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKVZMKDXJFCMMD-UVWUDEKDSA-L (5ar,8ar,9r)-5-[[(2r,4ar,6r,7r,8r,8as)-7,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl]oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5h-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one;azanide;n,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-ox Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].Cl[Pt+2]Cl.ClCCNP1(=O)OCCCN1CCCl.COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O[C@H](C)OC[C@H]4O3)O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 WKVZMKDXJFCMMD-UVWUDEKDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ORLFVWPPBMVPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(6-methylheptyl)-4-[4-(6-methylheptyl)phenoxy]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCC(C)C)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(CCCCCC(C)C)C=C1 ORLFVWPPBMVPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/042—Acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
- C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/16—Metals
Definitions
- Modern railroad rolling stock is constructed with a protective and decorative exterior sheathing laid over the strength members or frame of the car or locomotive.
- this sheathing may consist of metal panels which are provided along their adjoining edges with locking beads that are adapted to form a tight seam between adjacent panels and which assist in holding the panels in position on the vehicle body.
- the seams formed between the locking beads may originally be sealed, the sealing is eventually destroyed in the course of normal use of the vehicle, and the outer sheathing of the vehicle is then no longer fluid tight.
- Cleaning solutions used on such vehicles are then able to pass through the open seams and collect in pools in the space formed between the sheathing and the internal wall of the vehicle, in which space the strength members are located.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a special cleaning composition which in an aqueous solution is relatively acidic and which has been modified so as to prevent the acidic nature of the compound from causing atmospheric corrosion of the metal members with which the cleaning solution comes into contact.
- the necessary acidity (a pH of about 1) can be imparted to a cleaning composition by employing sodium acid sulfate as a filling agent, along with the necessary wetting, sequestering, corrosion preventing and dispersing agents, providing that certain relatively small proportions of benzaldehyde are employed to prevent atmospheric corrosion which would otherwise occur. It has been found that benzaldehyde, when employed as indicated more specifically in the following examples, enhances the cleaning action of a solution in addition to preventing atmospheric corrosion.
- the essential components and proportions of a formulation according to this invention include a softener such as sodium hexametaphosphate and/or sodium tripolyphosphate, and/ or sodium pyrophosphate in amounts of .15 to 5%, a cellulose dispersing agent such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in amounts of .10 to 3%, a soluble magnesium compound in amounts of .25 to 10%, a compound comprising a strongly acid reacting radical such as sodium acid sulfate in amounts of to and a wetting agent, or combination of wetting agents in an amount of about 3 to 6%, all percentages being by weight of the total weight of the formulation.
- a softener such as sodium hexametaphosphate and/or sodium tripolyphosphate, and/ or sodium pyrophosphate in amounts of .15 to 5%
- a cellulose dispersing agent such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in amounts of .10 to 3%
- a soluble magnesium compound in amounts of .25 to 10%
- Suitable wetting agents which may be used alone or in combination include those such as the alkyl aryl polyether alcohols (Glim, the trade name of B. T. Babbitt, Inc., for its non-ionic polyoxyethylene derivative of alkyl phenol, or Triton X-100, the trade name of Rohm and Haas for p-iso-octylphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol containing 70.3% by weight combined ethylene oxide, having an HLP of 13 and 10-12 mols ethylene oxide), sodium sulfonated alcohol, particularly lauryl alcohol (Orvis Extra), alkyl naphthalene sodium sulfonates (Alkanol B, the trade name of the Du Pont Company for propylated naphthalene sulfonate, and Alkanol DD), alkyl aryl sulfonates (Santomerse No.
- alkyl aryl polyether alcohols Glim, the trade name of B. T. Bab
- the magnesium compound employed introduces a degree of hardness into the cleaning solution, and it will be understood that where lower limits of magnesium compound are employed, a lesser amount of wetting agent will be required than where larger amounts of magnesium compound are used. It is desirable in most cases to also employ a compound active to prevent corrosion of the portion of the metal structure which is completely immersed in the cleaning solution. Tannic acid used in amounts of about .5 to 5% by weight performs this function very satisfactorily.
- Benzaldehyde is added to the composition in amounts of about 1% to 3% by weight, and acts to control corrosion above the level of the cleaning solution, which may be trapped in contact with structural members.
- the action of the benzaldehyde in this respect is clearly demonstrated by a comparison of Examples 1 and 2, in the latter of which benzaldehyde was omitted from the formulation.
- Example 1 A cleaning composition was formulated by dry mixing together the following compounds in the proportions, by weight, indicated:
- An aqueous solution of this composition was prepared by adding it to water in the amount of 4 oz. of composiserved above the liquid level.
- the pH value of the resulting solution was about 1.
- the solution was employed in cleaning the exterior of a passenger car which was soiled by heavy encrustations of calcium carbonate and ferric oxide. The solution easily cut the encrustations and exhibited superior wetting and cleaning properties as the surfaces were easily rinsed and dried. A portion of the solution was purposely passed through the exterior paneling of the car to form a substantial pool between the inner and outer walls wherein the strength members of the car were located.
- the structural members were examined after having been in contact with the cleaning solution for about a month, and only a trace of corrosion was ob-
- the bi-phase level was free of a prohibitive amount of corrosion, as was the portion of the ,strength member which was completely immersed in the cleaning solution.
- Example 2 A cleaning composition was formulated as described in Example 1 except that benzaldehyde was omitted and the content of sodium acid sulfate was increased a corresponding amount. The solution was tested under exactly the same circumstances as described in connection with Example 1 and it was found that a moderate amount of corrosion had occurred on the part of the structural member immediately above the liquid level. At the same time it was also observed that the cleaning solution formed according to Example 1 had better wetting and cleaning properties.
- Example 3 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
- Example 4 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
- Example 5 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
- Example 6 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
- Example 7 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
- the process of cleaning the surface of railroad rolling stock which comprises applying to said surface an aqueous solution containing for each gallon thereof about four ounces of a mixture consisting essentially, on a dry weight basis, of about 3-6% at least one synthetic wetting agent having surface activity at a pH of l and selected from non-ionic and anionic agents exclusive of soap, about .25 to 10% of a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, a minor proportion up to about 3% of a water-soluble cellulose dispersing agent, a minor proportion up to about 5% of the molecularly dehydrated phosphate salt of an alkali metal, about 13% benzaldehyde, and the remainder sodium acid sulfate, the solution having a pH of about one.
- a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride
- a minor proportion up to about 3% of a water-soluble cellulose dispersing agent a minor proportion up
- a composition for use in the process of claim 1 consisting essentially, on a dry weight basis, of about 36% of at least one synthetic wetting agent having .surface activity at a pH of 1 and selected from non-ionic and anionic agents exclusive of soap, about .25 to 10% of a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, a minor proportion up to about 3% of a watersoluble cellulose dispersing agent, a minor proportion up to about 5% of the molecularly dehydrated phosphate salt of an alkali metal, about 1-3% benzaldehyde, and the remainder sodium acid sulfate.
- a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride
- a minor proportion up to about 3% of a watersoluble cellulose dispersing agent a minor proportion up to about 5% of the molecularly dehydrated phosphate salt of an alkali metal, about 1-3% benzaldehyde, and the remainder sodium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Description
United States Patent RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK CLEANERS Arthur Frank Butcosk, Fairfax County, Va.
No Drawing. Application January 10, 1957 Serial No. 633,394
4 Claims. (Cl. 252-436) This invention relates to cleaning compounds for use on exterior surfaces of railroad locomotives and pas senger cars and other similar rolling stock, the present application being a continuation-in-part of my prior application Serial No. 376,251, filed August 24, 1953, now abandoned.
Modern railroad rolling stock is constructed with a protective and decorative exterior sheathing laid over the strength members or frame of the car or locomotive. In many cases, this sheathing may consist of metal panels which are provided along their adjoining edges with locking beads that are adapted to form a tight seam between adjacent panels and which assist in holding the panels in position on the vehicle body. Although the seams formed between the locking beads may originally be sealed, the sealing is eventually destroyed in the course of normal use of the vehicle, and the outer sheathing of the vehicle is then no longer fluid tight. Cleaning solutions used on such vehicles are then able to pass through the open seams and collect in pools in the space formed between the sheathing and the internal wall of the vehicle, in which space the strength members are located. Cleaning solutions heretofore used cause serious cor rosion of the strength members especially at the interface of the atmosphere and the surface of the aqueous cleaning solution. The corrosion thus caused is so severe that sections of the strength members so affected must be periodically replaced. This is obviously a costly consequence since in addition to the cost of the materials and labor required to effect the repairs, losses also accrue from retiring the vehicle from service for the time necessary to make the repairs.
In many cases the type of soiling encountered in railroad passenger cars is highly alkaline due to encrustations of calcium carbonate picked up from the roadbed, and a cleaner having a high acidity is necessary to obtain an etficient washing and rinsing action. The purpose of this invention is to provide a special cleaning composition which in an aqueous solution is relatively acidic and which has been modified so as to prevent the acidic nature of the compound from causing atmospheric corrosion of the metal members with which the cleaning solution comes into contact. It has been found that the necessary acidity (a pH of about 1) can be imparted to a cleaning composition by employing sodium acid sulfate as a filling agent, along with the necessary wetting, sequestering, corrosion preventing and dispersing agents, providing that certain relatively small proportions of benzaldehyde are employed to prevent atmospheric corrosion which would otherwise occur. It has been found that benzaldehyde, when employed as indicated more specifically in the following examples, enhances the cleaning action of a solution in addition to preventing atmospheric corrosion.
FER EIt-E EXAIIE: ER
r Ice 1 2,901,434
Patented Aug. 25, 1959 The essential components and proportions of a formulation according to this invention include a softener such as sodium hexametaphosphate and/or sodium tripolyphosphate, and/ or sodium pyrophosphate in amounts of .15 to 5%, a cellulose dispersing agent such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in amounts of .10 to 3%, a soluble magnesium compound in amounts of .25 to 10%, a compound comprising a strongly acid reacting radical such as sodium acid sulfate in amounts of to and a wetting agent, or combination of wetting agents in an amount of about 3 to 6%, all percentages being by weight of the total weight of the formulation. Suitable wetting agents which may be used alone or in combination include those such as the alkyl aryl polyether alcohols (Glim, the trade name of B. T. Babbitt, Inc., for its non-ionic polyoxyethylene derivative of alkyl phenol, or Triton X-100, the trade name of Rohm and Haas for p-iso-octylphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol containing 70.3% by weight combined ethylene oxide, having an HLP of 13 and 10-12 mols ethylene oxide), sodium sulfonated alcohol, particularly lauryl alcohol (Orvis Extra), alkyl naphthalene sodium sulfonates (Alkanol B, the trade name of the Du Pont Company for propylated naphthalene sulfonate, and Alkanol DD), alkyl aryl sulfonates (Santomerse No. l, the trade name of the Monsanto Chemical Company for its mixture of 40% dodecyl benzene sodium sulfonate and 60% sodium sulfate), and dialkyl sodium sulfosuccinate, particularly the dioctyl compound (Aerosol OT). The magnesium compound employed introduces a degree of hardness into the cleaning solution, and it will be understood that where lower limits of magnesium compound are employed, a lesser amount of wetting agent will be required than where larger amounts of magnesium compound are used. It is desirable in most cases to also employ a compound active to prevent corrosion of the portion of the metal structure which is completely immersed in the cleaning solution. Tannic acid used in amounts of about .5 to 5% by weight performs this function very satisfactorily.
Benzaldehyde is added to the composition in amounts of about 1% to 3% by weight, and acts to control corrosion above the level of the cleaning solution, which may be trapped in contact with structural members. The action of the benzaldehyde in this respect is clearly demonstrated by a comparison of Examples 1 and 2, in the latter of which benzaldehyde was omitted from the formulation.
Example 1 A cleaning composition was formulated by dry mixing together the following compounds in the proportions, by weight, indicated:
sodium hexametaphosphate.)
An aqueous solution of this composition was prepared by adding it to water in the amount of 4 oz. of composiserved above the liquid level.
tion per gallon of water. The pH value of the resulting solution was about 1. The solution was employed in cleaning the exterior of a passenger car which was soiled by heavy encrustations of calcium carbonate and ferric oxide. The solution easily cut the encrustations and exhibited superior wetting and cleaning properties as the surfaces were easily rinsed and dried. A portion of the solution was purposely passed through the exterior paneling of the car to form a substantial pool between the inner and outer walls wherein the strength members of the car were located. The structural members were examined after having been in contact with the cleaning solution for about a month, and only a trace of corrosion was ob- The bi-phase level was free of a prohibitive amount of corrosion, as was the portion of the ,strength member which was completely immersed in the cleaning solution.
Example 2 A cleaning composition was formulated as described in Example 1 except that benzaldehyde was omitted and the content of sodium acid sulfate was increased a corresponding amount. The solution was tested under exactly the same circumstances as described in connection with Example 1 and it was found that a moderate amount of corrosion had occurred on the part of the structural member immediately above the liquid level. At the same time it was also observed that the cleaning solution formed according to Example 1 had better wetting and cleaning properties.
Example 3 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
Example 4 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
Percent Calgon 1.00 CMC 2.00 MgSO, 5.00 Benzaldehyde 3.00 Santomerse No. 1 2.00 Aerosol OT 2.00 Glim 2.00 NaHSO; 83.00
Example 5 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
Percent Calgon 5.00 CMC 3.00 Tannic acid 5.00 MgSO; 10.00 Benzaldehyde 2.00 Santomerse No. 1 5.00
Naaso, 70.00
Example 6 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
Percent Calgon 1.00 CMC 1.00 Tannic acid 1.00 MgSO, 5.00 Benzaldehyde 1 .80 Glim 6.00 NaHSO, 84.20
Example 7 A cleaning composition formulated by weight, as indicated below, was tested as described in connection with Example 1 with equally satisfactory results:
What is claimed is:
1. The process of cleaning the surface of railroad rolling stock which comprises applying to said surface an aqueous solution containing for each gallon thereof about four ounces of a mixture consisting essentially, on a dry weight basis, of about 3-6% at least one synthetic wetting agent having surface activity at a pH of l and selected from non-ionic and anionic agents exclusive of soap, about .25 to 10% of a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, a minor proportion up to about 3% of a water-soluble cellulose dispersing agent, a minor proportion up to about 5% of the molecularly dehydrated phosphate salt of an alkali metal, about 13% benzaldehyde, and the remainder sodium acid sulfate, the solution having a pH of about one.
2. A composition for use in the process of claim 1 consisting essentially, on a dry weight basis, of about 36% of at least one synthetic wetting agent having .surface activity at a pH of 1 and selected from non-ionic and anionic agents exclusive of soap, about .25 to 10% of a water-soluble magnesium compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, a minor proportion up to about 3% of a watersoluble cellulose dispersing agent, a minor proportion up to about 5% of the molecularly dehydrated phosphate salt of an alkali metal, about 1-3% benzaldehyde, and the remainder sodium acid sulfate.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein said mixture includes about 1% tannic acid.
I 4. The process of claim 1 wherein said mixture includes at least about .10% of said dispersing agent and about .15 of said phosphate salt.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,470,225 Holmes Oct. 9, 1923 2,418,955 Shawcross Apr. 5, 1947 2,525,178 Miller Oct. 10, 1950 2,593,259 Brissey Apr. 15, 1952 OTHER REFERENCES The Condensed Chem. Dictionary, 4th ed. (1950), page 123, Reinhold Publ. Co., N.Y.
Claims (1)
1. THE PROCESS OF CLEANING THE SURFACE OF RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO SAID SURFACE AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING FOR EACH GALLON THEREOF ABOUT FOUR OUNCES OF MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY, ON A DRY WEIGHT BASIS, OF ABOUT 3-6% AT LEAST ONE SYNTHETIC WETTING AGENT HAVING SURFACE ACTIVITY AT A PH OF 1 AND SELECTED FROM NON-IONIC AND ANIONIC AGENTS EXCLUSIVE OF SOAP, ABOUT .25 TO 10% OF A WATER-SOLUBLE MAGNESIUM COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE AND MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, A MINOR PROPORTION UP TO ABOUT 3% OF A WATER-SOLUBLE CELLULOSE DISPERSING AGENT, A MINOR PROPORTION UP TO ABOUT 5% OF THE MOLECULARLY DEHYDRATED PHOSPHATE SALT OF AN ALKALI METAL, ABOUT 1-3% BENZALDEHYDE, AND THE REMAINDER SODIUM ACID SULFATE, THE SOLUTION HAVING A PH OF ABOUT ONE.
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US2901434A true US2901434A (en) | 1959-08-25 |
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US2901434D Expired - Lifetime US2901434A (en) | - jl jfco |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3114657A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1963-12-17 | John W Stilwell | Composition and method for cleaning and stripping metals |
US3218260A (en) * | 1960-06-15 | 1965-11-16 | Bonewitz Chemicals Inc | Cleaner |
US3993575A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1976-11-23 | Fine Organics Inc. | Hard surface acid cleaner and brightener |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1470225A (en) * | 1921-01-17 | 1923-10-09 | Harry N Holmes | Removal of scale and rust from iron and steel |
US2418955A (en) * | 1943-05-25 | 1947-04-15 | Aluminum Co Of America | Process of removing foreign matter from magnesium surfaces |
US2525178A (en) * | 1947-01-18 | 1950-10-10 | Turco Products Inc | Removing silver films from mirrors with phosphoric acid |
US2593259A (en) * | 1948-11-13 | 1952-04-15 | Swift & Co | Acid cleaner and detergent |
-
0
- US US2901434D patent/US2901434A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1470225A (en) * | 1921-01-17 | 1923-10-09 | Harry N Holmes | Removal of scale and rust from iron and steel |
US2418955A (en) * | 1943-05-25 | 1947-04-15 | Aluminum Co Of America | Process of removing foreign matter from magnesium surfaces |
US2525178A (en) * | 1947-01-18 | 1950-10-10 | Turco Products Inc | Removing silver films from mirrors with phosphoric acid |
US2593259A (en) * | 1948-11-13 | 1952-04-15 | Swift & Co | Acid cleaner and detergent |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3218260A (en) * | 1960-06-15 | 1965-11-16 | Bonewitz Chemicals Inc | Cleaner |
US3114657A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1963-12-17 | John W Stilwell | Composition and method for cleaning and stripping metals |
US3993575A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1976-11-23 | Fine Organics Inc. | Hard surface acid cleaner and brightener |
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