US2897619A

US2897619A - Snowfall simulating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2897619A
Application number: US603369A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick A Zenz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1956-08-10
Filing date: 1956-08-10
Publication date: 1959-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 1976-08-04

Description

Aug. 4, 1959 F. A. ZENZ SNOWFALL SIMULATING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 10, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C m M w 7% B This invention relates to animated displays and more particularly to such displays wherein the fall of snow or similar natural phenomena is simulated.

Heretofore, it has been most common when furnishing snowfall simulating display devices to provide a blower type apparatus wherein the snow-like particles are caught up in an air current created by a blower air blast and conveyed thereby through a duct work to the top of the display unit where they are separated from the air current and permitted to fall through the display area to the bottom recesses of the unit. Here, the particles are again caught up in the air current and a continuous circulation thereof is effected.

Devices of the foregoing nature are somewhat limited in scope although such limitations are not generally apparent in the smaller size units most often seen in use. For example, separation of the particles from the air current often is not quite complete with the result that the particles are carried downwardly in eddy currents rather than falling freely as desired and most effective in an advertising dis play. Furthermore, in those blower type devices having the duct work for guiding the particles upwardly located to one side of the display area, since the particles are carried by an air current and moving with an initial velocity as they enter the display area from the duct work, they do not fall in the display area immediately adjacent to their point of entrance, but rather they take a somewhat parabolic path dependent on their initial velocity. Here again, the desired free vertical fall of the particles is not achieved.

It is to obviate limitations of the foregoing nature as well as to gain certain desirable advantages that the apparatus of the present invention is praovided. Foremost of the attributes of the present invention is that it knows no limitations so far as the width of the display area is corcerned. That is, regardless of the width of the area in which the snowfall is to be simulated, an even distribution of falling snow is assured from one extremity of the display area to the other. Moreover, the density of the snowfall is susceptible of ready regulation and control. Also, the snow falls freely without any initial velocity to thereby simulate a snowfall more realistically than if it were propelled as in an air current.

Furthermore, apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention requires a minimum of headroom and side wall space wherein the particles are carried to the top of the display unit. Important in this regard is that the height of the apparatus is in no way dependent on the width thereof or the Width of the display area. Rather, for any given height, the width of the display area may be as narrow or as wide as desired.

In carrying out the invention there is provided an endless conveyor trained over a plurality of pulleys located at the corners of the display area. The conveyor itself is divided lengthwise into a series of hopper-like compartments or receptacles which carry the snow simulating particles from the bottom of the display area to the top thereassists Patented Aug. 4, 1959 of. As the particle filled compartments reach the top of the apparatus, they are inverted so that their contents may be emptied. The fall of the particles in a cluster from an inverted compartment is prevented by the interposition of a snow distributing orifice plate onto which the particles fall. The plate, which extends across the entire width of the display area, is provided with an opening, or openings, co-extensive therewith through wh1ch the particles fall. The partitions or walls which compartmentalize the conveyor engage the upper surface of the orifice plate so that as a compartment traverses the width of the apparatus, one of the partitions forming the compartment pushes the particles dumped therefrom along the orifice plate which permits the passage, and free fall through the display area, of only a limited number of particles per unit of travel. As long as the contents of a compartment are not exhausted by the time the compartment traverses the width of the apparatus, an even distribution of snowfall is effected over the entire display.

.be filled substantially equally as they are carried beneath the falling snow. Thus, the snow-simulating particles constantly are in circulation with the result that a simulation of a continuing snowfall is obtained as long as the conveyor is actuated.

Features and advantages of the invention will be gained from the foregoing and the description of a preferred form of the apparatus which follows.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of an advertising display wherein a snowfall is simulated;

Figure 2 is an elevational view showing the conveyor, with portions broken away to show the particle carrying receptacles;

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2 illustrating the fabrication of the conveyor;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 44 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is an enlarged segmental view of the upper portion of Figure 4 but with the conveyor removed showing the mounting of the snowfall distributing plate;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the snowfall distributing plate showing the means for varying the aperture dimensions;

Figure 7 is a front elevational view showing the snowfall distributing plate of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a top plan view of another snowfall dis tributing plate having a different aperture arrangement;

Figure 9 is a top plan view of still another snowfall distributing plate having a different aperture arrangement;

Figure 10 is a detailed segmental view showing a tensioiiiing device for mounting one of the conveyor pulleys; an

Figure 11 is a view taken along line 111'1 of Figme 10.

In Figure l is shown an advertising display as it might appear when using a snowfall simulating device according to the present invention. The display area 20 through which the snow falls is surrounded by a facade 21 which shields the mechanism of the device from the view of one observing the display. The front of the display area may be open or it may be closed by a transparent sheet 22. To the rear of the device and viewed through the display area is an illustrated print 23 which may be in the form of an advertising message or a scenic view as desired. In some cases it may be desired to place the article to be advertised or shown directly in the display area so that the simulated snowfall will impinge on the article for extremely realistic efiiects. If the display takes this latter form, the rear surface of the display area may still be a print or it may be of a transparent nature thereby permitting the scene to be back illuminated for added effectiveness. It is thus clear that a display using apparatus according to the present invention lends itself to multitudinous forms of advertising or scenic presentation.

Reference is now made to Figure 2 wherein is shown a conveyor means for providing an uniformly distributed and continuous free-fall curtain of particles over any desired horizontal expanse. The conveyor 24 comprises an endless strip of pliable material 25, e.g., a substantial or heavy fabric or a plastic material, having a trough-like cross section as shown in Figure 3. In spaced relation throughout the length of the conveyor are a plurality of partitions 26 the shape of which determines the cross sectional form of the conveyor, but which, more importantly, transform the conveyor into an endless series of compartments or receptacles 27. It is by means of such receptacles that the snow simulating particles are carried from below the display area to a region above the display area.

The conveyor 24 is shown trained over four

pulleys

30, 31, 32 and 33 which are journaled in the normal way in the supporting framework for the mechanism. Motion is imparted to the conveyor through the V-belt pulley 34 keyed to the shaft of pulley 31 and driven by the electric motor 35 and V-belt 36. A variable speed motor drive or a variable V-belt drive may be used to facilitate changing the speed of travel of the conveyor. As will be seen hereinafter, this will permit varying the density of the snowfall. Since, in the embodiment herein disclosed, the conveyor drive is effected by the frictional engagement of the conveyor and the motor driven pulley '31, a tensioning device is provided to insure a proper tautness of the conveyor.

Reference is now madeto Figures and 11 wherein a satisfactory tensioning device is shown acting on the lower left hand pulley 30. The fore and aft portions of pulley shaft 37 are journaled in blocks 40 slideably mounted in slots 41 diagonally formed in framework 42. An angle bracket 43 secured to the framework by screws 44 serves as an anchor for tension springs 45 extending between the racket and blocks 40. The pulley 30, therefore, is urged downwardly to tension the conveyor 24 which passes thereunder.

One form of construction of the conveyor will be described with reference to Figure 3. It should be clearly understood that this description is merely illustrative since the particular form of the conveyor does not enter into the present invention. The described form of the conveyor was arrived at with a view towards economy and simplicity of the display device. It is recognized that for some display devices, particularly those of large size, other forms of conveyors may be required. For example, a positive drive mechanism employing toothed belt or chain drive might be desirable rather than the friction drive herein contemplated. Furthermore, receptacle forms might be provided other than the trough-like conveyor divided by partitions. Many other elaborate conveyor modifications or configurations can be conceived, but these will not contribute to the present invention.

A pair of endless tapes 50, which may be of a fabric material, are secured to a pair of endless cords 51 as by stitching. To the inner edges of both tapes is sewn the body 25 of the conveyor, which similarly to the tapes, may be of a fabric material. The cords and fabric of the tapes may be elasticized to assist in maintaining a proper tension in the friction drive conveyor. At this stage of fabrication, the conveyor will have no form due to the flexibility of the material used in its construction. However, spaced along the conveyor are the partitions 26. These may be of any rigid material, but those illustrated are of wire mesh. After the partitions are secured to the fabric body 25 as by stitching, the conveyor takes its final trough-like form as illustrated.

In Figure 4, the conveyor is shown with its receptacles in both upright position below the display area and in an inverted position above the display area. As previously indicated that portion of the device immediately in front of the display area is of transparent material, e.g., clear glass, so that the advertising message on rear panel 23 may be readily viewed as well as the simulated snowfall which takes place when the particles discharged from the inverted receptacles pass through the display area to be re ceived by the upright receptacles below the display area. A pair of deflectors 52 insure that all of the falling snowlike particles are returned to the conveyor. In such manner, a continuous circulation of the snow-like particles is effected.

The particles utilized in the snowfall device are formed of a granulated expanded polystyrene plastic. If, instead of simulating a snowfall, it is desired to simulate the fall of rain, the particles may take the form of small pieces of clear cellophane or plastic. If, on the other hand, it is desired to simulate the fall of autumn leaves, small bits of colored paper cut in appropriate shapes may be used. The particles also may be treated with a light sensitive material and exposed to a source of light provided in the apparatus so that the falling particles display luminescent qualities when viewed against a dark background.

The means whereby a continuous snowfall is assured, evenly distributed over the width of the display area, will now be disclosed with reference to Figures 2 and 6. The

snow-like particles are distributed in each of the receptaclles 27 formed in conveyor 24 by partitions 26. After the receptacles carrying particles up the right hand side of the device pass upper right hand pulley 32 and are inverted, the particles carried thereby are immediately dumped from the conveyor. Since the trough-shaped conveyor is now inverted the particles tend to be discharged in one mass. However, immediately below the inverted conveyor is the snowfall distributing plate 53 upon which the particles are dumped. As shown in Figure 6, plate 53 is provided with an aperture 54 through which the particles can pass but which is of restricted dimension so that the particles do pass therethrough at a fairly low rate.

As most clearly shown in Figure 2, the receptacle 27 formed by two adjoining partitions 26 and the plate 53 in effect, form a hopper in which the plate aperture 54, or at least that portion of it between two partitions, is the outlet for the material in the hopper, or in this case, the conveyor receptacle. If each receptacle contains a suflicient number of particles so that a receptacle is not exhausted of particles prior to the completion of its run across the top of the display area, an efilux of particles will take place from one side to the other of the display area thus providing an evenly distributed snowfall. A plateSS (Figure 6) is secured to the underside of snowfall distributing plate 53 by wing nuts 56 and bolts 58, the heads of which can slide in elongated slots- 57 in plate 53. The relative positions between the two plates can therefore be adjusted to control the size of the aperture 54. Since this will regulate the rate of particle eiflux from the receptacles, it is clear that the density of the snowfall is thus controlled. Snowfall density control can also be effected by keeping the aperture size constant and varying the speed of the conveyor so that the receptacles traverse the display area either faster or slower than normal operating speed. Speeding up the conveyor speed will decrease the snowfall density, while slowing the conveyor down will have the opposite effect of increasing its density.

provided for vertical mounting at both sides of the display area. The plates, and particularly that one adjacent to the up travelling conveyor, serve to restrain particles carried by the conveyor in their respective receptacles and prevent their discharge prior to the inversion of the receptacles at the top of the display area. The plate adjacent to the down travelling conveyor retains in the receptacles any particles which may not have been discharged through the aperture of plate 53 as the receptacles traverse the display area.

It is now apparent that displays incorporating the apparatus of the present invention will have no limitations in size and may vary from the smallest window display to outdoor billboard displays. Of course, the relationship of hopper or receptacle size, snowfall distribution plate aperture size and conveyor speed will be affected by the size, i.e., width, of the display and snowfall density desired.

Inasmuch as many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. In a device wherein a snowfall is simulated by the fall of snowlike particles through a display area, an endless conveyor surrounding said display area for transporting the snow-like particles from below said area to a region thereabove, said conveyor being adapted to discharge substantially all of said particles as said conveyor begins its travel above said display area, means located above the display area for receiving the discharged particles, said means being adapted to permit the limited passage of said discharged particles therethrough, and means for sweeping the particles across said last named means whereby the passage of particles therethrough takes place across the width of said means to eifect the fall of particles across the entire display area.

2. In a device wherein a snowfall is simulated by the fall of snow-like particles through a display area, an endless conveyor for transporting the snow-like particles from below said area to a region thereabove, said conveyor being adapted to discharge substantially all of said particles as said conveyor begins its travel above said display area, means for intercepting the fall of the particles prior to their passage through the display area, said intercepting means adapted to permit the limited passage of said discharged particles therethrough, means for sweeping the particles across said last named means whereby passage of particles therethrough takes place across the width of said means to effect the fall of particles across the entire display area, and means for regulating said intercepting means to control the number of particles passing therethrough to thereby regulate the density of the snowfall.

3. In a device wherein a fall of snow is simulated by the fall of snow-like particles through a display area, an endless conveyor trained around the display area, said conveyor being generally trough-shaped in cross-section and having similarly shaped spaced apart partitions secured therein to form an endless series of receptacles, said receptacles being in an upright position when travelling below the display area to receive the falling snowlike particles and in an inverted position when traversing the top of the device to discharge the particles carried therein, and a snowfall distributing plate extending lengthwise from one side to the other of the display area and located below the inverted conveyor receptacles to intercept the particles discharged therefrom prior to their entrance into the display area, said discharged particles being confined by said plate and the partitions forming the receptacle from which the particles were discharged, said plate being adapted to permit the aforesaid confined particles to pass therethrough in limited quantities as said particles are transported lengthwise along said plate by the movement of the conveyor.

4. The device, as set forth in claim 3, wherein the snowfall distributing plate is provided with a slotted aperture that extends lengthwise of the plate and is of a width less than the width of the conveyor.

5. The device, as set forth in claim 4, wherein the aperture also extends from the back to the front of the plate whereby particles discharged onto said plate will encounter the aperture as they are transported from one end to the other of the plate.

6. The device, as set forth in claim 4, wherein means are provided to vary the width of the aperture and thereby regulate the density of the snowfall.

References tilted in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 690,852 Gordon Jan. 7, 1902 1,627,270 Burnham May 3, 1927 2,587,620 Hormann Mar. 4, 1952