US2879045A

US2879045A - Carburetor construction

Info

Publication number: US2879045A
Application number: US680109A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andrew C Russell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1957-08-26
Filing date: 1957-08-26
Publication date: 1959-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 1976-03-24

Description

March 24, 1959 A, C, RUSSELL CARBURETOR CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 26, 1957 INVENTOR.

March 24, 1959 A. c.V RUSSELL v CARBURETOR CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug( 26, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 KME INVENTOR.

United States Paten-t CARBURETOR CONSTRUCTION Andrew C. Russell, Shawnee, Okla.

Application August 26,-1957, Serial No. 680,109

2 Claims. (Cl. 261-13) This invention relates to fuel mixing apparatus for internal combustion engines and, "more particularly, to a carburetor adapted to admix air and fuel, such as `gasoline, vaporize the latter and direct the admiXture tothe cyllinders of the engine, the primary object being to improve upon the carburetor construction disclosed in my prior related U.S. Patents Nos. 2,366,056, 2,506,812, A2,529,- 665, 2,536,700, 2,614,581 and 2,715,020.

The carburetors disclosed in the above mentionedpatents are generally 4of the type wherein a'fuel bowl is disposed within a hollow casing; an elongated,rtubular member having a mixing chamber therein is disposed in a position so that fuel may enter the chamber; anda metering pin located in the chamber cooperates with an air valve controlling fflow of air through the casing to control the fuel-air mixture being directed to the engine.

It has now been found that more eicient utilization of the fuel-air mixture can be made by providing a hollow carburetor casing having an air inlet, an outlet, and a passage therethrough connecting the inlet and the outlet, the passage including a central updraft portion connected to the air inlet anda downdraft portion surrounding the updraft portion and connected to thel outlet, and wherein there is provided meansy in surrounding relationship to a part of the downdraft portion of the passage for raising the temperature of the fuel-air mixture passing to the outlet therein.

It is, therefore, a further object of this invention to provide a hollow, liquid-receiving jacket in surrounding relationship to the casingv and vin heat exchanging relationship to the fuel-air mixture kpassing through the wherein:

downdraft Vportion of the passage to vtheoutlet, so that v ahot liquid may bepassed through the vjacket toheat the mixture being conveyed throughthedowndraftportion ofthe passage. I l

Another important object of this invention is to provide a carburetor-having means .for raising the temperature of the fuel-air mixturepassing to the vengine is adapted to be mounted on aV conventional manifold which has an opening in the top,y thereof by virtue of the fact that the carburetor casing isprovided-with a downdraft portion connected with the outlet thereof.

A further important object is -to provide a carburetor wherein a valve Aclosing the passage is Adisposed in the updraft portion of the passage and wherein there is provided means extending upwardly from the fuel-air mixing chamber into the downdraft portion of the passage, so as to direct the mixture into that portion of the passage.

Another important object-hereof is to provide a carburetor having a liquid-receiving jacket around the casing to heat the fuel-air mixture passing to the cylinder of the engine whiche-is adapted tobe connected to the liquid cooling system oftheV vehicle' upon which the carburetor is mounted.

Other important objects of this invention will be made clear as the following detailed description progresses,

h Figure ll is a substantially central,cross-sectionalview taken throughV a carburetorhaving fuel-air mixture temperature raisingmeans accordingto the concepts offrny invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical, cross-sectional view taken on the line II--II ofFig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a horizontal, cross-sectional `view taken on the line III--IIIk of ArFig. 2.

Reference may be had to 'my prior,above identified patents-for acomplete understanding ofthe basic principles of operationofa carburetor-'constructed inthe mannerl herein` shown.

-As in my aforementionedprior disclosures, there is provided a hollow casing broadly designated by the numeral l10 :having an air-.inlet opening 12 which normally is connected to an air filter, and a'n outlet 14 which is adapted to be'connected to the-inletv'of an intake manifold (not shown) on an internal combustionengine. A continuous vpassage is provided through casing 10 leading from inlet 12to outlet 14 and it can be seen from the drawings that the passage includes an updraft portion 16 which communicates'with'a downdraft portion 18 which, in turn, communicates with outlet 14. As shown'in Fig'.

1, flow of air through inlet 12'is*normally-'controlled by a lbutterlly valve v20, whereas iiow tof fuel-air mixture through outlet 14 is governed by a buttery valve 22 adapted to be connected 'to -the throttle linkage. l

Casing 10 includes a plurality of sections-24, 26 and 28 respectively which are suitably secured together and itcan be seen that inlet 12extends into

casing10 betweentsections

24 and 26, and also a fuel inlet line 30 is'connected toa valve fitting 32`which also extends into casing 10 at the point where fsection 24 meets section 26. A cup-shaped fuel bowl 34 is disposed within casing 10 preferably adjacent section '26 and is mounted upon and depends from the `wall 36 Awhich forms inlet 12,` and from a boss 38 forming a part of section 24 into which fitting 32 is suitably fthreaded. As shownin Fig. l, bowl 34 is adapted to-receive fuel conveyed from line 30 into casing 10 through litting 32. A float 40 disposedin bowl 34 is connected by swingable linkage to a `valve42 reciprocably mountedin fitting 32 in a position to 'open and close las the Vlevel of fuel-44 rises and lowers within bowl 34.

Connected to wall 36 and in communication therewith -is a substantiallyvertical,circulariwll 46 which forms the updraft passage 16 in casing 10. /A'n elongated, upright tubular member 48 is, provided within bowl 34 and isf secured to`wall 36. Member48 isl provided with a pair of spaced, outturned'ilanges 50 =and'52 within bowl 34, the former being in underlying engagement with the lowermost face of wall 36 vand i secured thereto by suitable means.

The normally uppermost end oftubular member 48, 'or that portion thereof which extends into section 24, is externally threaded as at 54 to 'receive an internally threadedcollar 56. The'threads of collar 56 are in mesh with the threads 54 of member 48in a manner so that upon Arotation of collar 56, the lowermost end thereof moves toward and awayfrom-the innermost face of wall 36.

`Member 48 is 'additionally provided with a longitudinal bore 58 which has `a constricted passage 60 therein intermediate` the ends of memberV 48 and disposed in a position to be abovefthe level 4offuel 44 in bowl 34. An elongated tube 62 extends into the uppermost end of bore 58 so as to ybe in communication therewith, and it can be seen that the uppermost end of tube 62 extends outwardly of updraft passage 16 into downdraft passage 18 formed by the walls of section 24.

Reciprocably mounted in the lowermost end ofbore 58 is a tapered metering pin 64, the side walls of which converge as the bottom of bowl 34 is approached, and a plug 66 threaded into the lowermost end of member 48 slidably receives pin 64 and prevents displacement of the same from bore 58. The metering pin 64 substantially closes the bore 58 when pin 64 rests on plug 66.

A pair of spaced, substantially parallel, elongated rods 68 extend through wall 36 and the

anges

50 and 52 respectively and are reciprocable therein. It is to be noted that the uppermost ends of rods 68 normally are in substantial alignment with the uppermost end of member 48, whereas the lowermost ends of rods 68 extend downwardly to a point intermediate-between the bottom of bowl 34 and-the flanges-52. A at plate 70 is secured to the lowermost ends of each of the rods 68 and spans the distance therebetween,` and it can be seen that plate 70 is in a position to engage the lowermost end of metering pin 64. A substantially annular valve 72 is mounted on the uppermost ends of rods 68 in a position to normally rest in the valve seat provided by the uppermost, outwardly extending peripheral edge of collar 56 -and an inwardly extending shoulder 74 formed circumferentially on the innermost face of wall 46. Thus, it can be seen that when annular valve 72 rests on the valve seat formed by the edge of collar 56 and shoulder 74, the passage formed by

walls

36 and 46 respectively is closed.

Collar 56 has an annular, cut away portion 76 in the lowermost end thereof which communicates with inlet 12 and a plurality of downwardly and inwardly extending passages 78 intercommunicate cut away portion 76 and bore 58.

Surrounding a substantial portion of section 24 of casing and integral therewith is a fluid-receiving jacket 80, and an elliptical plate 82 is provided on the uppermost end of casing 10 in closing relationship to the casing and to jacket 80, elliptical plate 82 being secured to casing 10 by suitable screw means 84. As shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the side walls of casing 10 are preferably elliptical in configuration, whereas the bowl 34 and wall 46 preferably are substantially circular in horizontal crosssection, thus providing a substantial passage for conveyance of the fuel-air mixture to the intake manifold of the engine. A pair of

fittings

86 and 88, disposed in opposed relationship, communicate with jacket 80 and are adapted to be connected to a suitable source of hot fluid such as the liquid normally circulating in the cooling system of the automobile upon which the carburetor is mounted.`

The operation of the carburetor is similar to that disclosedV in my above mentioned U.S. Letters Patent and it can be ascertained that because of the intercommunication of bore 58 with inlet 12, air passes into bore 58 and forms a fuel-air mixture therewithim 'Asa greater vacuum is drawn on outlet' 14 by yvirtue of lincreasing the r.p.m.s of the engine, the vacuum abovel annular valve 72 causes the latter to move upwardly and then the air entering inlet 12 and passing through the valve seat for valve 72 and into passage 16 maintains the valve 72 in an open position for as long as the vacuum is maintained on outlet 14 suicient 'to cause the valve 72 to remain open. It can be seen thatl as the valve 72 moves upwardly and remains in a substantially open position, the plate 70 likewise moves the metering pin 64 upwardly in bore 58 so that a greater amount of fuel is allowed to enter mixing bore 58 around metering pin 64. Also, as a greater amount of fuel is drawn upwardlythrough bore 58 by virtue of the fact that air is entering inlet 1,2, passing through passages'78 and thence upwardly in bore 58 and tube 62, and the level of fuel 44 in bowl 34 falls, oat 40 moves downwardly kto open valve 42 and permit more fuel to enter from supply line 30. More or less fuel is admitted to bore 58 and more or less air flows through the passage 18 as the extent of suction by the intake manifold varies, since increased suction reduces the pressure above the valve 72 and raises the same from its closed position.

Raising and lowering of the collar 56 with respect to tubular member 48 provides adjustment of the amount of fuel-air mixture passing to downdraft passage 18 for idling purposes, and it is contemplated that collar 56 is to be preset at the time of construction and not be changed thereafter except during major overhaul of the carburetor.

By virtue of the provision of `hot water or liquid jacket surrounding a part of downdraft passage 18 formed by section 24, it can be seen that the fuel-air mixture emanating from the uppermost end of tube 62 and, also, the air passing from updraft passage 16, must pass in heat exchanging relationship to the hot liquid contained in jacket 80, and the temperature of the fuelair mixture is thereby raised to materially increase the operating efiiciency of the carburetor. Also, by virtue of the provision of updraft passage 16 and downdraft passage 18, the carburetor may be mounted on a conventional intake manifold having an opening inthe uppermost face thereof and no additional accessory attachments are necessary to adapt the carburetor for most automobiles or other vehicles. Furthermore, the construction herein shown is simple to manufacture, the component parts thereof are not liable to frequent breakdown, the entire carburetor may be quickly disassembled and'repaired or cleaned, and the advantageous formation of the fuel-air mixture accomplishedby this type of carburetor and which has been disclosed in my prior patents is maintained.

Having thus described the-invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a carburetor, an upright, hollow casing provided with an air inlet in the upper portion thereof, an outlet in the lower portion thereof, and a passage therethrough including an updraft vportion connected to said air inlet and a downdraft portion surrounding said updraft portion and connected with said outlet; a valve seat in said updraft portion of the passage; a valve reciprocably mounted in said updraft portion of the passage and movable to and from a position closing the passage; a fuel bowl within the casing below the valve; a tubular member having an upright mixing chamber therein, the lowermost end of the chamber being disposed to receive fuel from the bowl, there being means intercommunicating the air inlet and said chamber, the uppermost end of the chamber being positioned to direct fuel-air mixture into the downdraft portionl of the passage; a fuel metering pin reciprocably mounted in the lowermost end of said chamber and extending into the bowl; shiftable means interconnecting said valve and the pin for moving the pin to a position allowing more fuel to enter the chamber upon reciprocation of the valve away from said seat; a hot fluid jacket integral with the casing and disposed in surrounding, heat exchanging relationship to a part of said downdraft portion of the passage.

2. A carburetor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said jacket has an inlet and an outlet adapted to be connected `to the uid cooling system of the vehicle upon which the carburetor is mounted.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Russell Nov. 14, 1950