US2860945A - Bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers with hydrogen peroxidephosphate solution and optionally with water-soluble sulfoxylate solution - Google Patents
Bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers with hydrogen peroxidephosphate solution and optionally with water-soluble sulfoxylate solution Download PDFInfo
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- US2860945A US2860945A US525064A US52506455A US2860945A US 2860945 A US2860945 A US 2860945A US 525064 A US525064 A US 525064A US 52506455 A US52506455 A US 52506455A US 2860945 A US2860945 A US 2860945A
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- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims description 15
- HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxidosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S[O-] HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QGKLCGVVGGFZBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].O=C QGKLCGVVGGFZBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 29
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 5
- 229940017705 formaldehyde sulfoxylate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethanesulfinic acid Chemical compound OCS(O)=O SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CAAIULQYGCAMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydroxymethanesulfinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OCS([O-])=O.OCS([O-])=O CAAIULQYGCAMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007278 cyanoethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
- D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
Definitions
- Cyanoethylated cotton is a relatively new type of fiber obtained by reacting cotton with acrylonitrile under alkaline conditions. The extent of cyanoethylation obtained varies with the conditions employed in carrying out the reaction. Fabrics containing cyanoethyl groups corresponding to from about 1.8 to 6.5% nitrogen have been reported. Presence of the cyanoethyl groups makes the modified cotton fiber resistant to micro-organism attack, more resistant than cotton to wet and dry heat degradation, more receptive to dyes, and more resistant to abrasion.
- a further object is to provide a method whereby such fibers can be successfully bleached without substantial reduction in their nitrogen content.
- the objects of the invention are accomplished by subjecting cyanoethylatedcotton'fibers to the action of an aqueous alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide whose alkalinity is due essentially to the presence of a molecularly dehydrated phosphate.
- the fibers are also subjected to the action of an aqueous solution of a soluble formaldehyde sulfoxylate, preferably preceding the treatment with the peroxide solution.
- cyanoethylatedcotton fibers can be effectively bleached by the action of a hydrogen peroxide solution made alkaline by the presence of a molecularly dehydrated water-soluble phosphate without any significant reduction in the nitrogen content of thefibers resulting.
- the action of such a peroxide solution is rather unique in that peroxide solutions alkalized by means of caustic soda, sodium silicate or borax,a11 commonly employed in alkaline peroxide bleach formulas, cause excessive reduction of the nitrogen content of the fibers with consequent degradation of their desirable properties.
- EXAMPLE 1 Samples of a sized greige cyanoethylated cotton fabric were treated with peroxide baths of various compositions to determine the bleaching effectiveness of-the baths and their effect upon the nitrogen content of the fabric.
- the treatments involved immersing the simple in the bath for 1 hour at 180 F. (except as noted for Bath A) at a 40:1 weight ratio of liquor to fabric.
- the compositions of the baths evaluated are shown below.
- the treated samples were washed in water, air-dried and ironed, and their brightnesses reflectances) determined, using a Hunter multipurpose refiectometer.
- the nitrogen contents of the treated samples were de- 20 termined by the Kjeldahal method. The results obtained are shown in the table.
- Bath B 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.6% 42 B. sodium silicate (containing the equivalent of about Na O, 25% Si0 and 65% water)
- Bath C 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.24% tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2o7)
- Bath 0.3% hydrogen peroxide H 0 0.24% of an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, a wetting agent
- Bath E 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.35% borax 0.24% magnesium sulfate (MgSO -7H O) 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.6% 42 B.
- EXAMPLE 3 A sample of the sized, greige cyanoethylated cotton fabric of the above examples was immersed 0.5 hour at 180F. in a 1% solution of normal Zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate at a liquor to fabric ratio of 40:1. The sample was rinsed in water then bleached employing a solution containing 0.6% hydrogen peroxide (H and 0.24% sodium tripolyphosphate (Na P O Bleaching was continued for 1 hour at 180 F. at a liquor to cloth ratio of 40.21. The reflectance of the bleached sample was 71.0% and its nitrogen content was 3.12% compared with values of about 34.2% and 3.18%, respectively, for the untreated fabric.
- H and 0.24% sodium tripolyphosphate Na P O Bleaching
- EXAMPLE 4 A sample of the sized, greige, cyanoethylated cotton fabric of the above examples was bleached for 1 hour drying, its reflectance was 74.7% as compared with an original value of about 34.2%.
- V EXAMPLE 5 A sample of the above sized, greige, cyanoethylated cotton fabric was bleached 2 hours at 180 F. at a 40:1 liquor to fabric ratio employing a bath containing 0.6% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 and 0.24% sodium tripolyphosphate. The sample was then rinsed in Water and dried. The reflectance was 72.0%. The sample was next immersed in a 1% solution of normal zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate for -1 hour at 180 F. at a 40:1 liquor. to fabric ratio. The sample was rinsed with water and dried and its reflectance was found to be 75.9% as compared with an original value of about 34.2%.
- the ,agent employed for rendering alkaline the peroxide treating solution can be any water-soluble molecularly dehydrated phosphate, such as the alkali metal Examples are the sodium pyrophosphates, sodium .tripolyphosphate and hexametaphosphate. Minor amounts of other conventional alkaline materials may'l-be present 'but the alkalinityof the treating solution should be ;due essentially to a molecularly dehydrated phosphate, otherwise substantial decrease in the nitrogen content of thejfiber results. .Solutionsentirely free of such other alkaline ma-
- the sulfoxylate treating solution may contain as the active agent any water-soluble formaldehyde sulfoxylate,
- the sulfoxylate and peroxide treatments may be applied in any desired sequence, although it is usually preferred that the peroxidetreatment follow the sulfoxylate treatment...
- the treatments may be applied to fabric without first desizing. the fabric, as illustrated in the foregoing examples.
- the fabric can be first, desized and then treated -in--accordance with the inven-fi tion, in which case, a desizing treatment should be em-.; ployed which will effectively desize without reducing the nitrogen content of the fabric.
- a 2% Rapidase enzyme solution applied for 1 hour at 180 F. at a liquor L to fabric ratio of 20:1 is suitable for that purpose; Rapidase, a textile desizing product of the Wa1lerstein Company, is a'liquid enzyme preparation containing liquefying and proteolytic enzymes.
- the concentration of soluble formaldehyde sulfoxy late in the sulfoxyla'te treating solution if usedj, ma y be varied considerably depending upon the results de sired. Concentrations of from about 0.5 to 5% are gen erally suitable, concentrations of from 1 to 3% being" usually preferred. Such solutions can be used at any desired liquor to fabric ratio, e. g. from 40:1 to 1:1. Temperatures from room temperature to the boiling tem- 1 perature are suitable, the lower temperatures requiring longer times than the higher temperatures. Preferred temperatures range from about to 212 F. g The concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H 0 in. the peroxide treating liquor will depend upon the amount; of bleaching desired.
- the method of the invention provides a way of increasing the brightness of cyanoethylated cotton fibers and fabrics without causing excessive reduction intheir nitrogen contents. It, therefore, makes possible bleaching such materials without destroying or reducing those desirable properties of this type of fabric'which are due to the presence'ofcyanoethyl substituent groups in the fiber.
- Iclaim I 1. The method of bleaching, cyanoethylated cotton fibers containing cyanoethyl groups equivalent to from 1.8 to 6.5% nitrogen based upon the weight of said fibers comprising bleaching said fibers with an aqueous; alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide in which thealka line agent consists essentially of a water solnblealkalimetal molecularly dehydrated phosphate, at a tempera ture in the range from room temperature to the boiling temperature of said solution, said solution containing from 0.1 to'2% -H O and from 0.1 to 4% of said phose phate.
- qr j 2. The method of claim 1 carried out at a temperature within the range 160 to 212 F. 3.
- tion (-1) being an aqueous alkaline"-hydrogen peroxide, solution in which the alkaline agent consists essentially of a water-soluble alkalimetal molecularly dehydrated phosphate which ;is present at a concentration of from' 0.1 to 4% along with from 0.1 10 2% I -1 9 and said: solution (2;) being a 0.5 to 5% aqueousgsolu tion of?- water-soluble 'sulfoxylate" from the group consisting of the sodium .and'zinc formaldehydesulfoxylates.' L H 5.
- The'method of'claim- 4 wherein the treatmentswith solution (-1) precedes the treatmentwith solutiont2). f
Description
United States Patent 2,860,945 iiLnAoHmG CYANGETHYLATED COTTON FIBERS WITH HYDRDGEN PEROXIDE- PHOSPHATE SOLUTION AND OPTION- ALLY WITH WATER-SOLUBLE suLFoX- YLATE soLUTro Robert B.D ustman, Jr., Niagara Falls, N. Y., assignor to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DeL, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application July 28, 1955 Serial No. 525,064
10 Claims. (Cl. 8-110) This invention relates to the bleaching of cyanoethylated cotton fibers and fabrics.
Cyanoethylated cotton is a relatively new type of fiber obtained by reacting cotton with acrylonitrile under alkaline conditions. The extent of cyanoethylation obtained varies with the conditions employed in carrying out the reaction. Fabrics containing cyanoethyl groups corresponding to from about 1.8 to 6.5% nitrogen have been reported. Presence of the cyanoethyl groups makes the modified cotton fiber resistant to micro-organism attack, more resistant than cotton to wet and dry heat degradation, more receptive to dyes, and more resistant to abrasion. (Parks, American Dyestutf Reporter, November 22, 1954, pages 774-779.) Although characterized by these desirable properties,which appear to be directly related to the presence of the cyanoethyl groups, these fibers have the distinct disadvantage of being difiicult to bleach without causing serious reduction in their nitrogen content and consequent destruction of the desirable properties.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved method for bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers and fabrics. A further object is to provide a method whereby such fibers can be successfully bleached without substantial reduction in their nitrogen content. Other objects will be apparent from the following description.
' The objects of the invention are accomplished by subjecting cyanoethylatedcotton'fibers to the action of an aqueous alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide whose alkalinity is due essentially to the presence of a molecularly dehydrated phosphate. In one embodiment of the invention, the fibers are also subjected to the action of an aqueous solution of a soluble formaldehyde sulfoxylate, preferably preceding the treatment with the peroxide solution.
It has now been found that cyanoethylatedcotton fibers can be effectively bleached by the action of a hydrogen peroxide solution made alkaline by the presence of a molecularly dehydrated water-soluble phosphate without any significant reduction in the nitrogen content of thefibers resulting. The action of such a peroxide solution is rather unique in that peroxide solutions alkalized by means of caustic soda, sodium silicate or borax,a11 commonly employed in alkaline peroxide bleach formulas, cause excessive reduction of the nitrogen content of the fibers with consequent degradation of their desirable properties. 1
Greater fiber brightnesses than those obtainable by e a peroxide treatment alone 'can be achieved by subjecting I the fibers to a separate treatment with an aqueous solution of "a soluble formaldehyde sulfoxylate. This separate treatment mayfollow or precede the peroxide treatment. If used, it is usually preferable that it precede the peroxide treatment. It hasbeen found that such .a treatment with a formaldehyde sulfoxylate is about twice as effective in increasing the brightness of the fibers as is sodium hydrosulfite, one of the most com- H 2,350,945 Patented Nov. 18, 1958 mon bleaching agents of the reducing type. Furthermore, it bleaches without causing any significant reduction in the nitrogen content of the fibers.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples 5 in which all percentages are percentages by weight.
EXAMPLE 1 Samples of a sized greige cyanoethylated cotton fabric were treated with peroxide baths of various compositions to determine the bleaching effectiveness of-the baths and their effect upon the nitrogen content of the fabric. The treatments involved immersing the simple in the bath for 1 hour at 180 F. (except as noted for Bath A) at a 40:1 weight ratio of liquor to fabric. The compositions of the baths evaluated are shown below. The treated samples were washed in water, air-dried and ironed, and their brightnesses reflectances) determined, using a Hunter multipurpose refiectometer. The nitrogen contents of the treated samples were de- 20 termined by the Kjeldahal method. The results obtained are shown in the table.
. Bath A 0.5% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.24% borax 0.24% of an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, a wetting agent Bleaching was for 15 minutes at 195 "F.
Bath B 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.6% 42 B. sodium silicate (containing the equivalent of about Na O, 25% Si0 and 65% water) Bath C 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.24% tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2o7) Bath 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.24% of an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, a wetting agent Bath E 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.35% borax 0.24% magnesium sulfate (MgSO -7H O) 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 0.6% 42 B. sodium silicate 0.36% borax 0.12% magnesium sulfate (MgSO -7H O) It willbe noted from the table that of the 6 baths evaluated, only Bath C gave a final brightness (percent reflectanceyabove 57 without causing excessive reduction in the nitrogen content of the fabric.
' EXAMPLE 2 A sample of the greige fabric of the above example was subjected to a two-stage treatment. A. 1% solunon of normal zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate was employed at a liquor to fabric. ratio of 20:1 for 1 hour at compounds of this class.
v terials are preferred. 1
' after the second stage was 69.5%, while the final nitrogen content of the treated fabric was 3.18%, the same as for the untreated fabric.
The use of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate in place of the zinc compound produces similar results.
EXAMPLE 3 A sample of the sized, greige cyanoethylated cotton fabric of the above examples was immersed 0.5 hour at 180F. in a 1% solution of normal Zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate at a liquor to fabric ratio of 40:1. The sample was rinsed in water then bleached employing a solution containing 0.6% hydrogen peroxide (H and 0.24% sodium tripolyphosphate (Na P O Bleaching was continued for 1 hour at 180 F. at a liquor to cloth ratio of 40.21. The reflectance of the bleached sample was 71.0% and its nitrogen content was 3.12% compared with values of about 34.2% and 3.18%, respectively, for the untreated fabric.
EXAMPLE 4 A sample of the sized, greige, cyanoethylated cotton fabric of the above examples was bleached for 1 hour drying, its reflectance was 74.7% as compared with an original value of about 34.2%.
V EXAMPLE 5 A sample of the above sized, greige, cyanoethylated cotton fabric was bleached 2 hours at 180 F. at a 40:1 liquor to fabric ratio employing a bath containing 0.6% hydrogen peroxide (H 0 and 0.24% sodium tripolyphosphate. The sample was then rinsed in Water and dried. The reflectance was 72.0%. The sample was next immersed in a 1% solution of normal zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate for -1 hour at 180 F. at a 40:1 liquor. to fabric ratio. The sample was rinsed with water and dried and its reflectance was found to be 75.9% as compared with an original value of about 34.2%.
The ,agent employed for rendering alkaline the peroxide treating solution can be any water-soluble molecularly dehydrated phosphate, such as the alkali metal Examples are the sodium pyrophosphates, sodium .tripolyphosphate and hexametaphosphate. Minor amounts of other conventional alkaline materials may'l-be present 'but the alkalinityof the treating solution should be ;due essentially to a molecularly dehydrated phosphate, otherwise substantial decrease in the nitrogen content of thejfiber results. .Solutionsentirely free of such other alkaline ma- The sulfoxylate treating solution may contain as the active agent any water-soluble formaldehyde sulfoxylate,
sodium examples of which are sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 1
normal zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate and basic zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate, iv
The sulfoxylate and peroxide treatments may be applied in any desired sequence, although it is usually preferred that the peroxidetreatment follow the sulfoxylate treatment...The treatments may be applied to fabric without first desizing. the fabric, as illustrated in the foregoing examples. However, the fabric can be first, desized and then treated -in--accordance with the inven-fi tion, in which case, a desizing treatment should be em-.; ployed which will effectively desize without reducing the nitrogen content of the fabric. A 2% Rapidase enzyme solution applied for 1 hour at 180 F. at a liquor L to fabric ratio of 20:1 is suitable for that purpose; Rapidase, a textile desizing product of the Wa1lerstein Company, is a'liquid enzyme preparation containing liquefying and proteolytic enzymes. a
- The concentration of soluble formaldehyde sulfoxy late in the sulfoxyla'te treating solution, if usedj, ma y be varied considerably depending upon the results de sired. Concentrations of from about 0.5 to 5% are gen erally suitable, concentrations of from 1 to 3% being" usually preferred. Such solutions can be used at any desired liquor to fabric ratio, e. g. from 40:1 to 1:1. Temperatures from room temperature to the boiling tem- 1 perature are suitable, the lower temperatures requiring longer times than the higher temperatures. Preferred temperatures range from about to 212 F. g The concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H 0 in. the peroxide treating liquor will depend upon the amount; of bleaching desired. Generally it will range from" about 0.1 to 2% or higher,'concentrations ranging from about 0.2 to about 1% (as H 0 being generally pref ferred. The content of molecularly dehydrated phos phate in the peroxide solution usually should be atleast about 0.1% and may be as high as about 4% orsorne-= what higher, the preferred range being 0.5 to 3%.; conditions as regards temperature and liquor to fabric ratio indicated for the sulfoxylate treatment also apply. to the peroxide treatment. a 1
The method of the invention providesa way of increasing the brightness of cyanoethylated cotton fibers and fabrics without causing excessive reduction intheir nitrogen contents. It, therefore, makes possible bleaching such materials without destroying or reducing those desirable properties of this type of fabric'which are due to the presence'ofcyanoethyl substituent groups in the fiber. I
Iclaim: I 1. The method of bleaching, cyanoethylated cotton fibers containing cyanoethyl groups equivalent to from 1.8 to 6.5% nitrogen based upon the weight of said fibers comprising bleaching said fibers with an aqueous; alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide in which thealka line agent consists essentially of a water solnblealkalimetal molecularly dehydrated phosphate, at a tempera ture in the range from room temperature to the boiling temperature of said solution, said solution containing from 0.1 to'2% -H O and from 0.1 to 4% of said phose phate. qr j 2. The method of claim 1 carried out at a temperature within the range 160 to 212 F. 3. The method of claim 2' wherein bleaching is e fected while the fibers are immersed in} the hydroge peroxide solution-. 7 i a 4. The method of bleaching cyanoethylatedcotto fibers containing cyanoethyl groups equivalent to from 1.8 to6.5% nitrogen based upon the weight ofsaid fibers comprising bleaching saidfibers, in two separatebleaeh ing 'treatments;With solutions; (1 and (2) .at .a temper ature in each treatment; between roorn temperature'and. the boiling temperature of the solution used,.said solu. tion (-1) being an aqueous alkaline"-hydrogen peroxide, solution in which the alkaline agent consists essentially of a water-soluble alkalimetal molecularly dehydrated phosphate which ;is present at a concentration of from' 0.1 to 4% along with from 0.1 10 2% I -1 9 and said: solution (2;) being a 0.5 to 5% aqueousgsolu tion of?- water-soluble 'sulfoxylate" from the group consisting of the sodium .and'zinc formaldehydesulfoxylates.' L H 5. The'method of'claim-= 4 wherein the treatmentswith solution (-1) precedes the treatmentwith solutiont2). f
6. The method of claim 4 wherein the treatment with solution (1) follows the treatment with solution (2).
7. The method of claim 4 wherein both treatments are carried out at a temperature within the range 160 to 212 F.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the treatment with each solution is effected by immersing the fabric in the appropriate solution.
9. The method of claim 1 employing sodium pyrophosphate.
10. The method of claim 1 employing sodium tripolyphosphate.
6 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Kaufiman Feb. 11, 1941 McEwen June 6, 1950 OTHER REFERENCES Chemical Abstrs. (1), 1940, 34, p. 8294 ,-abstract of I. Proc. Sydney Tech. Coll. Chem. Soc. 7, 61-64 (1935- 37).
Chem. Abstrs. (2), 1944, 38, p. 2215, abstract of Teintex 1941, 6, pp. 222-226.
Textile Colorist, pp. 407-411, September 1943.
Claims (1)
- 4. THE METHOD OF BLEACHING CYNAOETHYLATED COTTON FIBERS CONTAINING CYUANOETHYL GROUPS EQUIVALENT TO FROM 1.8 TO 6.5% NITROGEN BASED UPON THE WEIGHT OF SAID FIBERS COMPRISING BLEACHING SAID FIBERS IN TWO SEPARATE BLEACHING TREATMENTS WITH SOLUTIONS (1) AND (2) AT A TEMPERATURE IN EACH TREATMENT BETWEEN ROOM TEMPERATURE AND THE BOILING TEMPERATURE OF THE SOLUTION USED, SAID SOLUTION (1) BEING AN AQUEOUS ALKALINE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTION IN WHICH THE ALKALINE AGENT CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF A WATER-SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL MOLECULARLY DEHYDRATED PHOSPHATE WHICH IS PRESENT AT A CONCENTRATION OF FROM 0.1 TO 4% ALONG WITH FROM 0.1 TO 2% H2O2, AND SAID SOLUTION (2) BEING A 0.5% AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE SULFOXYLATE FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE SODIUM AND ZINC FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATES.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US525064A US2860945A (en) | 1955-07-28 | 1955-07-28 | Bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers with hydrogen peroxidephosphate solution and optionally with water-soluble sulfoxylate solution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US525064A US2860945A (en) | 1955-07-28 | 1955-07-28 | Bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers with hydrogen peroxidephosphate solution and optionally with water-soluble sulfoxylate solution |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2860945A true US2860945A (en) | 1958-11-18 |
Family
ID=24091761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US525064A Expired - Lifetime US2860945A (en) | 1955-07-28 | 1955-07-28 | Bleaching cyanoethylated cotton fibers with hydrogen peroxidephosphate solution and optionally with water-soluble sulfoxylate solution |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2860945A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3374177A (en) * | 1964-07-10 | 1968-03-19 | Basf Ag | Production of a bleaching liquor containing performic acid |
| US3449254A (en) * | 1966-06-14 | 1969-06-10 | Allied Chem | Borax-sodium silicate stabilizers for peroxide bleaching |
| US4557729A (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1985-12-10 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Color stabilization of glycosides |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2231426A (en) * | 1939-05-10 | 1941-02-11 | Bufialo Electro Chemical Compa | Method of bleaching gray goods |
| US2510595A (en) * | 1946-09-20 | 1950-06-06 | Buffalo Electro Chem Co | Method of bleaching groundwood |
-
1955
- 1955-07-28 US US525064A patent/US2860945A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2231426A (en) * | 1939-05-10 | 1941-02-11 | Bufialo Electro Chemical Compa | Method of bleaching gray goods |
| US2510595A (en) * | 1946-09-20 | 1950-06-06 | Buffalo Electro Chem Co | Method of bleaching groundwood |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3374177A (en) * | 1964-07-10 | 1968-03-19 | Basf Ag | Production of a bleaching liquor containing performic acid |
| US3449254A (en) * | 1966-06-14 | 1969-06-10 | Allied Chem | Borax-sodium silicate stabilizers for peroxide bleaching |
| US4557729A (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1985-12-10 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Color stabilization of glycosides |
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