US2850455A - Lubricating oil compositions and additives for lubricating oils - Google Patents

Description

LUBRECATING E QG l /EPQSHEQNS AND ADDI- TlVlES FQR LUEEICATWG 8H5 Rudolf Kern, Neustadt (Haardt), and Hans Scheurer,

Schlierbaeh (Neekar), Germany, assignors to Rhein- Chemie G. m. b. El, Mannheim-Rheinaa, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Application .luly 6, 1954. Serial No. 441,664

Claims priority, application Germany July 7, 1953 '7 Claims. (Cl. 252-333) The present invention relates to new compositions products suitable for lubricating purposes as well as compositions suitable as additives for lubricating oils.

Oil-soluble salts of sulphonic acids have been added to mineral oils, especially to motor lubricating oils, in order to keep in dispersion the resinous, asphaltic-, and cokelike products formed during the operation of the motor, and thus to prevent the precipitations from causing trouble in the motor. Numerous sulphonates are either soluble with difficulty or even immiscible in hydrocarbon oils, while others are readily soluble. Finally, there are those which only swell to a certain degree. In View of these different physical properties, only a small part of the numerous sulphonates may be added to the hydrocarbon oils in the desired amount.

Whereas the copending application, Serial No. 346,784, relates to a method of forming liquid hydrocarbon oil solutions of naphthenic acid salts, the present inven ion relates to similar methods where surface-active s phonates of various kinds may be added to hydrocarbons even in a higher form of concentration without impairing the desired properties of the mixtures.

A further object of the present invention consists in improving the properties of the sulphonates desired in motor oils by supplementing their dispersing action by an improved detergent effect.

It is another object of the present invention to produce highly qualified motor oil additives which are easily soluble and form very stable solutions without any special apparatus or other means being required therefor.

According to the invention it has been found that sulphonates are more easily dissolved and mixed with lubricating oils if polyalk 'leneglycol derivatives as well as higher boiling monc-ethers are being added thereto. Furthermore it has been found that the properties of the lubricating oils obtained by such additions comply with the highest requirements of oils for internal combustion engines insofar as their lubricating qualities as well as their chemical and physical stability is concerned. Therefore, the incorporation of sai compounds in lubricating oils as prescribed by the invention is also advantageous in those cases in which the dissolv ng culties described above exist only in a ext .t, or not at all. This underlines the expediency of incorporating s-'.1l phonates in motor lubricating in general in combination with polyallzyleneglycol derivatives and higher boiling ethers.

The term sulphonates as it is being used herein refers to any salts of surface active sulphonic aci s, and p ticularly polyvalent metal salts of such sulohonic acids, Examples of such salts are so donates of line earths, such as calcium, barium, stron um, l'llflgllicllllfi, as well as sulphonates of lead, zinc, aluminum, chromium, nickel, copper, tin, and cadmium. Also alkali and ammonium salts may be used.

The following are examples of chic acids suitable for this purpose: Sulphonic acids wh .h are obtained by refining petroleum distillate with sulphuric acid, such as Fatented Sept. 2, 1958 ice in which R represents an alkylene radical having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, 11 represents a whole number up to 20. preferably from 2 to 7, one of the groups X and Y is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, alkyl-, aryl-, aralkyl-, alkaryl-, alicyclic and acyl-radicals, while the other is selected from the class consisting of allryl-, aryl-, aralkyl, alkaryl-, alicyclic and acyl-radicals having more than 6 and preferably more than 8 carbon atoms.

Examples for hydrocarbon radicals with more than 6 carbon atoms are the following: 2 ethylhexyl-, n-octyl-, dodecyl-, tetradecycl-, octadecyl-, and octadecenyl-radical; further alkyl-radicals of those alcohols which are obtained by hydrogenation of natural or synthetic fatty acids which are produced by reduction of carbon monoxide under normal or increased pressure by the oxosynthesis or by the oxidation of paraffin Wax; furthermore, the phenyl-, dibntylphenyl-, dodecylphenyb, naphthyl-, heptylnaphthyl-, hexadecylnaphthyl-, benzyl-, phenylethyl-, phenyloctadecyl-radical, etc; also the methylcyclohexyl-, butylcyclohexyl-, naphthenyl-radical, etc.; as well as perhydrogenated derivatives of monoor polysubsti tuted alkylor aralkylphenols or naphthols. Among acylradicals, the acid groups of the following carbonic acids will be applicable: Capronic acid, caprinic acid, laurinic acid, myristinic acid, oleic acid, rapeseed fatty acid, castor oil fatty acid, oxystearic acid, fatty acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin wax, benzoic acid, benzylbenzcic acid, alkylbenzoic acid, phthalic acid, naphthenic acid, phenyl-stearic acid, oxyphenylstearic acid, etc.

The following compounds are examples for those corresponding to the general formula stated above, and are mentioned only for the purpose of illustration, and therefore are not to be regarded as a limitation as to the compounds which may be used:

Dodecylphentaethylene glycol, octadecenyl-hexaethylene glycol, 2-ethylhexyl-pentaethylene glycol, nonylbeptaethylene glycol, phenyl-ethyl-pentaethylene glycol, methyl-cyclohexyl-octaethylene glycol, p-octylphenyltetrapropylene glycol, dodecylcyclohexapropylene glycol, hexylnaphthyltetra-ethylene or propylene glycol; furthermore, dodecylor lanryl-pentaethyleneglycohnethyl ether (the erm lauryl is to be understood as designating the radical from fatty alcohol produced from coconut fatty acids), p-methyl-cyclohexyl-tetraethyleneglyccl-octyl-ether, p-octylphenyl-tetraethylene-glycol-isopropylether, octadecenyl-hexaethylene-glycol-phenylethyl--etber, octadecyldiolpentaethylene-glycol-isopropylether, 2 ethylhexyl-heptaethylenegl; colether, etc; dodecylbenzyl-pentapropyleneglycol-oleate, benzoylpentaethyleneglycol-oleate, benzoyl-heptaethyleneor propylene-glycol-butylether, pentaethyleneglycol-monoste it is understood that in lieu of 21 vates, mixtures thereof may also be used.

The viscosity-reducing eflec: oi polyalkyleneglycol derivatives upon solutions of sulphonates in hydrocarbon oils may be demonstrated by a model using turpentine substitute. The following experiment was carried parts by weight-of barium salt of apetroleumsulphonic acid could only be dissolved with difficulty in 100 parts by weight of a technical test gasoline (turpentine substitute) having'a flas'h point-higher than-21 C. and with 18% of aromatics. The solution had a viscosity'of 90.65 cat. at 50 C. However, the same ingredients were easily dissolved" in the presence 'of 4 parts of a reaction product of 1 mol. of oleinalco'hol with l'5 inol. of ethyleneoxide. The solution thus formed 'had-a viscosity of 1.33 -cst. at 50 C. A'correspondingreduction in viscosity was obtained with a reaction-product of 1 mol. of decylalcohol with 2.2 molJofethyleneoxide.

In addition to the polyalkyleneglycolderivatives, the invention further 'includ'es the use of higher boiling ethers comprising at least one radical with more than 6 -carb'on atoms. The presence of such ethers in the mixtures improves their storage'sta'bility. Theseethers are also good solvents and softening agents for resinification and other decomposition products or the liquidhydrocarbon :oils formed during the combustion process.

The extraordinary chemical and physical resistance of the ether structure'rendersthe ethers much superior 'to esters, already proposed for'the same purpose.

It should be noted, thatit is important'to select such ethers, the volatility of which is' sufiicientlydoweven at higher temperatures and which, on the other'handgremain liquid at room temperature andeven at lower outside temperatures in wintertime.

In comparison with the above-mentioned polyalkylencglycol-alkyl-ethers, the high boiling'ethers dealt with in the last paragraphs are distinctly different in so far as they contain only one, and no more than two, "oxygen atoms which have ether-like linkages within the molecule, and thus are free of polyalkylene-glycol groups.

The high boiling ethers may be either of symmetrical or unsymmetrical structure, and they may be used either singly or in a mixture of two or more.

The following are examples of high boiling ethers according to the present invention. It is to be understood that these are illustrative onlyof the numerous compounds which may be used. Specific compounds to be mentioned are:

Di-n-hexylether, di-n-octylether, di-n-nonylether, di-2- ethyl-hexylether, lauryl-2-ethylhexylether, -octadecen-9- yl-l-isobutylether, butandiol-(1,3)-monoctylether, butandiol (1,4) isobutyldodecylether, lauryl-cyclohexylether, nonyl-4-methylcyclohexylether, nonylbenzylether, tetrahydro-naphthylrnethyl-2-ethylhexylether, 'dodecylphenylether, octyl-B-tetralolether, 4-octylphenyl-Z-ethylhexylether, etc.; octadecenyl-4-methylbenzylether, tetrahydronaphthylmethyl-phenylor 'benzyl-ether, dibenzylether, and butandiol-( 1,4) -dibenzylether.

Ethers from paraffin fatty alcohols or their first runnings, as well as the oxoor naphthentic alcohols are particularly suitable. derstood as meaning the first distillate of a mixture 'of'alcohols obtained from high pressure hydrogenation of paraffin fatty acids wherein the alcohols of the mixture have a chain length of 6-9 carbon atoms.

Naphthenic acids as obtainable by raffination of mineral oils may be transformed into the corresponding naphthenic alcohols by high pressure reduction or by the process of Bouveault-Blanc. These alcohols may be easily reacted to form ethers, as, for instance, dinaphthenylether, naphthenyl-benzyland -2-ethylhexylether.

Solutions of sulphonic acid salts in hydrocarbons according to the invention may be produced in any desired order of succession, and may thus be adapted to the requirements in each particular case. Thus, a mixture of sulphonate with one or more of the inventive additions may be added to a hydrocarbon or a hydro-carbon 'oil.

The term first running is to be un- Also, it is possible to incorporate the inventive additions to a solution, a gel, or a suspension of sulphonates in hydrocarbons. The sulphonic acid salt mayalso be added to a solution of the inventive additions in hydrocarbons in thesame manner as mixtures of sulphonates withhydrocarbons, on the one hand, and of the inventive additions with hydrocarbons, on the other hand, may be dissolved within each other. "Often it is recommendable to carryout the mixing at higher temperatures of,.for example, 50 to 250 C., and preferably between and 200 C. When speaking herein of'inventiv e addition, both the polyalkyleneglycol derivatives, as well as the higher boiling ethers, both of which have been previously mentioned, are to be included, either individually or combined.

The lubricating oils compounded-as above described may, according to Ean'othcr feature of the invention, be further improved by the addition of naphthenates. The difficultics in 'dissolv'ingthem'do not occur in mixtures of the polyalkyleneglycol derivatives and higher boiling ethers. These naphthenates, and especially the basic alkaline earth naphthenates, also contributein themixture according to the invention to an improved detergent, dispersing, and neutralizing effect.

Finally, in some cases it is advisable to'add inhibitors to theadditive or the lubricating oils in'a manner known as such.

For practical reasons it is most advisable-to'realize the invention by producing a mixture of "salts of the surface-active sulphonic acids, the-etherized and/or ester'ized polyalkleneglycol derivatives and the higher boiling ethers without the polyglycol group. Sucha mixture forms a so-called additive, a suitable amount of which should be added in each respective case to the particular motor oil in question. When usingsuch additives, it has been found that a content in the higher boiling ethers improves the miscibility of the" additive with the basic oil extraordinarily. Asutricient amount of polyalkyleneglycol derivatives and higher boiling ethers readily permits the additive which'conta'ins' normally oil-insoluble sulphonates, to dissolve ain 'a basic oil at room temperature without any stirring apparatus.

The required amount in polyalkenyleneglycol 'derivatives may vary within wide limits, for example, from one percent by weight relative to sulphonate to "equal parts by weight or more. The particular amount --to 'be added depends upon the 'kind of sulp'honate applied, the kind of hydrocarbons used, and the desired viscosity of the solution or the degree of the desiredimpr'ovement of a motor oil..

Generally speaking, motor oils will be improved sufficiently by an addition of 2 to 7% of an additive consisting of the inventive combination of the mentioned additions. Very often an addition of 1% will be found to 'suflice, whereas in certain special cases up to 25% or more of such an additive will be of advantage.

The following examples may further elucidate the invention without, however, limiting the scope thereof.

EXAMPLE 1 From the watery solution of the sodium salt of a pctroleum sulphoacid with the average molecular weight of 325 to which calcium chloride was added, the corresponding calcium salt was produced. After drying the same, an attempt was made to dissolve 10 parts of this calcium salt at a temperature of 100 to C. in 200 parts by weight of a lubricating oil of a specific gravity at 20 C. of 0.882, a viscosity index of 81, a coking number according to Conradson of 0.11, and-without any gasoline-insoluble constituents. After cooling, however, a partial separation of the calcium salt again occurred.

If, however, 10 parts of the calciumpetroleumsulphonate are being stirred up with 10 parts oleylheptapropyleneglycolether and 10 parts of hexadecylhexylether, such mixture could be easily dissolved in 200 parts of the lubricating oil. This solution when cooled remained absolutely clear.

EXAMPLE 2 The calcium salt was formed of a Twitchell sulphonic acid which had been obtained in a known manner by a sulphonizing condensation of 1 mol. of oleic acid, 1 mol. of naphthalene, and 6 mol. of fuming sulphuric acid. 30 parts of such calcium salt, which otherwise is practically oil-insoluble, were stirred at 90 C. into a mixture of 650 parts of a parafiin base motor oil having a viscosity of 61 est. 50 C., viscosity index of 100, 30 parts of octadecenylhexapropyleneglycolether and five parts of di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol as an inhibitor. A motor oil was thus formed of high lubricating quality which strongly suppresses the normal wear and tear of the engine as compared with analogous oils. Furthermore, when such compounded oil was in use, it had a strong dispersing effect upon residues of combustion.

EXAMPLE 3 In 20 parts of cocolaurylpentaglycolether and 27 parts of laurylethylhexylether were dissolved under stirring and heating up to 150 C.:

35 parts bariummononaphthenate and 15 parts bariumalkylbenzolsulphonate,

wherein the alkyl radical corresponded to a chain with 14 C-atoms. Thereafter,

3 parts of di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol were added.

parts of this mixture were added to 95 parts of a basic oil which had been produced by a suitable mixture of Brightstoclo, machine-, and spindle-oils and had the following characteristics:

Density at 20 C 0.905 Solidifying point C 37 Viscosity at 50 C cst 44.9 Viscosity ind x 73 Coke constituents according to Conradson percent 0.2;

This oil mixture was subjected to a practical test in a passenger car, a Mercedes-Benz Model 170 V. Before the test, the pistons were removed from the engine and completely cleaned. The test run extended over 5500 km. during which the oil was changed at 500, 1500 and 3500 km.

At the end of the test run, the pistons had a perfect metallic appearance, all rings moved freely, and only small sludge traces showed in the piston ring grooves.

EXAMPLE 4 5% of an additive consisting of was dissolved in the oil described in detail in Example 3 and subjected to a practical test in a passenger car of the Volkswagen type, wherein the test conditions and oil change periods were the same as mentioned in Example l. Also in this case, all piston rings were found to be freely movable after the test. However, as compared with Example 3, the ring grooves were practically spotless, whereas parts of the piston skirt and the inside of the piston looked darker.

s EXAMPLE 5 For comparing the stability in storage of compounded oils, the lubricating qualities of two oils were measured on an Almen-Wieland apparatus. This well-known testing apparatus substantially consists of two halves of a bearing bushing which embrace a revolving shaft under a gradually increasing pressure. This rather complicated machine is designed so that every feature or characteristic of the object to be tested is carefully considered. Thus, for example, a recorded measurement may be obtained of the load to which the bearings may be subjected until they are welded together with the shaft.

Two differently compounded oils were storedin vessels of larger size. At intervals of several days, specimens were simultaneously withdrawn from both oils from the top as well as from the bottom for determining the lubricating qualities.

A basic oil with the following characteristics:

20 0.923. Viscosity at 20 C 460 cst. Viscosity at 98.9 C 10 est. Viscosity ndex 1 44. Solidifying point 19 C. Flash point 237 C., and

Coking residue according to Conrads0n 0.60%.

was mixed with 5% of an additive containing, aside from unsaponifiable organic compounds containing phosphorous and sulphur, an oil-soluble bariumpetroleumsulphonate in which the molecular weight of the acid was approx. 300. The additive had 10.5% of ash, 12.1% of sulphate ash, Ba 5.6%, S 4.4%. The compounded oil showed the following lubricating values in accordance with the storage periods mentioned:

Oil from Oil from the top, the botkg. tom, kg.

2 days 750 1, 150 7 day 550 700 EXAMPLE 6 The quality of the motor oils as improved according to the invention was likewise determined on the test stand which consisted primarily of a one-cylinder, 12 H. P. diesel engine, Model KDW 415 E, made by the Motoren- Werke Mannheim, and which, for measuring the output, was coupled with an electric generator. For each test run, the engine was provided with new pistons and new cylinder liners. Before each test run, the engine was tuned up by running it for 6 hours with the particular oil in question. Before the actual test run, the oil was removed and the piston once more taken out and examined. The test run lasted hours and 60 hours, respectively, under full load. During this time, all necessary data was determined, such as the output, the fuel consumption, the temperatures of the oil which were held constant by means of a thermostat, the cooling water and the exhaust gases, etc. After the test run, the pistons, bearings, etc. were examined, and the difference in weight of the piston rings before and after each test run was de- 4 termined. Furthermore, the qualities of the oil were examined before, during, and" after the test run:

The examples described as-follows were-'carried-out with afuel from the Middle East having 0.96% sulphur, and a paraffin baseoil S. A. E. 30 with a Viscosity at 20C. of 330 cst.

Viscosity at 98.9" C. of 11 cstr Viscosity index of 91.

Density at 20 C. of 0.889.

solidifying point of 24 C.

Flash point of 242 C. 7 Ash,- acidity, and saponifi'cation degree-of Coking residue accordingtoConradson of- 0.04%.

To this oil'were added or eachof the following. additives:

parts of:oleinalcoholsulphuric acid ester,

parts of naphth'e'riic acid,

675 parts of-Ba( OH) .8H O,

parts of an oxeth'ylation product of 1 mol.' of technical" laurylalcohol with 90% dodecylal'coholfand' 10%1 of? higher boiling fatty alcohols plus smelf of ethyleneoxide,

25 parts of lauryletliylh'exylether, and

3 parts of ethylhexylphenol;

20 parts of barium saltfofla; monoalkylbenzolsulphouic acid (moleculanweight approx; 360-) 30 parts of bariurndinaphtlienate;

30 parts of an ox'ethylationproduct oil 11 mol... of tech'inical laurylalcohol wit-hit 90%: of: dodecylalcohol-L and: 10% of higher-boiling fatty alcohols plus 5 mol. of ethyleneoxide,

17"p'arts'of dodecylethylhexylether, and

3 parts of ethylhexylphenol.

The results attained from the additives (a) and (b-),-

respectively, were as follows: 7

Length of time of the actual 120.

test run. Average driving load 102%r -r 93%. Average fuel consumption' 185'g./H. Rm. .lir. QOOgJ/H. P-efljllh Average exhaust temperature 449 O; 452 C.

Piston ring wear:

First Ring Second Ring J 7 Third Ring Lulinlricating capacity of the Before the test run After the test run (Measured on the Almen-Wieland machine and stated in load in kg. up' to Welding together with test bear-- mg.

Viscosity of the compounded Lubricating Oil measured' at 989 Before the test run- After the test run Viscosity inde'x Before the test run. After the test run 11.05 'cst 12.80 est Movability ofthering sa; 10. 0 10,0 Deposit in the-ring grooves; 8. 1 9. 6 Depositin the grooves of the oil control ring 10.0 9. 9 Deposit'ln'th'e slots'of theoil control ring' 10; 0 10.0 Metallic appearance of the outside of the piston 94 9. 6 Metallic appearance of the inside of the piston 101 O 9. 8

wherein R is an' alkylne radical having a minimum of 2 and a maximumof'3 carbonatoms, n is a' w'hole number betweenil and 20 and Y is an alkyl radical having at least 12 carbon atoms, and a high boiling-mono ether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicalsof whichhas more than 6' carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative being present in. anv amount of 1% to equal the weight of said sulfonic acid-salt and said polyalkylne glycol derivative and said high boiling other being present-in an amount suffi cient to cause dissolution of said'sulfonic acid salt in a lubricating oil.

deposition of resins,-lasp'halts and carbon in'the'oil, at least one polyalkyleneglycol derivative having the following general formula:

whereitTRisan alkylene'radical having'a' minimum of 2'and' a maximum. of 3"carb'on atoms, n'is'a whole inum= ber'between land 20, and wherein one of the groups X andY is hydrogen and the other of said groups X and Y is"s'electedffon1" the class consisting of alkylnar'yl, aralkyl; alkaryha'ndacylradicals havingat least 6 carhon atoms, aH'd Hf lEE I St 1 high boiling mono etherhaving a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative being-present in an amount of 1% to equal the weight of saidsulfonic acid salt and said sulfonic acid salt, said polyalkylene glycol derivative and higlr boilingwether being present in an amount of 125% of said product and in an amount suflicient of said polyalkylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether to form a'solution of said sulphonic acid salt in said lubricating. oil.

3; A- new product consisting essentially'ofahydro carbon lubricating oillhaving dissolvedthere'in atleast one metal salt of a-surfaceactive sulphonic acid of at least 8 carbon atoms -in an amount sufficientto prevent deposition of resins, asphaltsand carbon in the oil, at least-onep'olyalkylene glycol derivative having the following'general formula:

X and Yis hydrogen and the other of'said groups Xand' Y is selected from the classconsisting of alkyl, aryl,

aralkyl, alkaryl and acyl radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms in an amount of 1% to equal the weight of said sulphonic acid salt, and at least 1 high boiling mono ether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said sulfonic acid salt, said polyalkylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether being present in an amount of 27% of said product and in an amount suflicient of said polyalkylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether to form a solution of said sulphonic acid salt in said lubricating oil, said polyaikylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether being present in an amount of 1-25 of said product.

4. A new product consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon lubricating oil having dissolved therein at least one metal salt of a surface active sulphonic acid of at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one salt of a naphthenic acid in an amount suflicient to prevent deposition of resins, asphalts and carbon in the oil, at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative having the following general formula:

wherein R is an alkylene radical having a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, 11 is a whole number between 1 and 20, and wherein one of the groups X and Y is hydrogen and the other of said groups X and Y is selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and acyl radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms, and at least 1 high boiling mono ether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether being present in an amount sufficient to form a solution of said sulphonic acid salt and said naphthenic acid salt in said lubricating oil and to maintain said sulphonic acid and naphthenic acid salts in solution, thereby increasing the dispersing power for resins, asphalts and carbon of said sulphonic acid and naphthenic acid salts.

5. A new product consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon lubricating oil having dissolved therein at least one alkaline earth salt of a surface active sulphonic acid of at least 8 carbon atoms in an amount sufi'icient to prevent deposition of resins, asphalts and carbon in the oil, at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative having the following general formula:

wherein R is an alkylene radical having a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, 11 is a whole number between 1 and 20, and wherein one of the groups X and Y is hydrogen and the other of said groups X and Y is selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and acyl radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms, and at least 1 high boiling mono ether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative being present in an amount of 1% to equal the weight of said sulfonic acid salt and said sulfonic acid salt, said polyalkylene glycol derivative and high boiling ether being present in an amount of 125% of said product and in an amount sufficient of said polyalkylene glycol derivative and said high boiling ether to form a solution of said sulphonic acid salt in said lubricating oil.

6. A new composition of matter suitable as an additive for hydrocarbon lubricating oils, said composition consisting essentially of at least one metal salt of a surface active sulphonic acid of at least 8 carbon atoms, at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative having the following general formula:

wherein R is an alkylene radical having a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, n is a whole number between 1 and 20, and wherein one of the groups X and Y is hydrogen and the other of said groups X and Y is selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and acyl radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms, and at least 1 high boiling monoether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative being present in an amount of 1% to equal the weight of said sulfonic acid salt and said polyalkylene glycol derivative and high boiling ether being present in an amount sufiicient to cause dissolution of said sulphonic acid salt in a hydrocarbon lubricating oil.

7. A new composition of matter suitable as an additive for hydrocarbon lubricating oils, said composition consisting essentially of at least one metal salt of a surface active sulphonic acid of at least 8 carbon atoms, at least one salt of a naphthenic acid, at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative having the following general formula:

wherein R is an alkylene radical having a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, n is a whole number between 1 and 20, and wherein one of the groups X and Y is hydrogen and the other of said groups X and Y is selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and acyl radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms, and at least 1 high boiling monoether having a total of at least 12 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals of which has at least 6 carbon atoms, said polyalkylene glycol derivative being present in an amount of 1% to equal the weight of said sulfonic acid salt and said polyalkylene glycol derivative and high boiling ether being present in an amount sufficient to cause dissolution of said sulphonic acid salt and said naphthenic acid salt in a hydrocarbon lubricating oil.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,565,403 Sproule et a1 Aug. 21, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS 676,625 Great Britain July 30, 1952

Claims (1)

1. 4. A NEW PRODUCT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A HYDROCARBON LUBRICATING OIL HAVING DISSOLVED THEREIN AT LEAST ONE METAL SALT OF A SURFACE ACTIVE SULPHONIC ACID OF AT LEAST 8 CARBON ATOMS AND AT LEAST ONE SALT OF A NAPHTHENIC ACID IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO PREVENT DEPOSITION OF RESINS, ASPHALTS AND CARBON IN THE OIL, AT LEAST ONE POLYALKYLENE GLYCOL DERIVATIVE HAVING THE FOLLOWING GENERAL FORMULA: