US2838118A - Process for secondary oil recovery - Google Patents
Process for secondary oil recovery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2838118A US2838118A US2838118DA US2838118A US 2838118 A US2838118 A US 2838118A US 2838118D A US2838118D A US 2838118DA US 2838118 A US2838118 A US 2838118A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acetylene
- oil
- water
- acetone
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 12
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene Chemical compound C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 78
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- UUIRDIWGVMSEBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C#C.CC(C)=O Chemical group C#C.CC(C)=O UUIRDIWGVMSEBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)=O OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 acetylene saturated acetone Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007944 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIIDLXOAZNMULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;propane Chemical compound C.CCC CIIDLXOAZNMULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S507/00—Earth boring, well treating, and oil field chemistry
- Y10S507/935—Enhanced oil recovery
Definitions
- This invention relates to secondary oil recovery and methods to promote recovery of oilsand gases locked in sedimentary rocks.
- hydrocarbons are held in sand and clay particularly of marine sedimentary structures by long range molecular forces such as exist between the lattice structure of silicates and carbonates, and that aggregates of silicate and carbonate crystals exert these forces on aggregates of hydrocarbon molecules so that there is dispersed throughout the oil-bearing rock these interstitial deposits.
- aggregates of water molecules which are held by a combination of these longer range forces as Well as polar forces from the water molecule itself. These combined attractions are greater than the attractions exerted on the non-polar oil aggregates.
- this stable state could be converted into a dynamic state of flow by lowering the viscosity of the bound oil aggregates as well as that of the connate water and simultaneously supply a source of energy to satisfy the thermodynamic state that is established.
- acetylene gas in acetone to the saturation point of the acetone and this acetylene saturated acetone is added to the water to be used for flooding.
- Lower concentrations than saturation of acetylene may also be used as desired, depending on the oil bearing formation.
- the water acetone mixture may be saturated with acetylene gas under 10 to 15 atmospheres pressure and while held at this pressure used for flooding through the well into the oil-bearing rock.
- the acetone acetylene water mixture is mixed in a ratio that will lower the viscosity of the oil.
- Acetylene gas will of itself lower the viscosity of oil and the amount of acetone added may be adjusted so as to keep a lower viscosity of the water used in this process as compared to free water.
- the acetone acetylene mixture has a high adsorptive action on silicates and the heat of adsorption added to the heat adsorption of the low viscosity Water answers the thermodynamic requirements for the displacement of the connate water.
- difiusion of the acetylene under the gradually falling pressure dissolves in the bound hydrocarbons and lowers the viscosity of the oil thus creating a dynamic cycle of flow from the previously stable rock cells. Since these cells resemble in some respects physiological conditions, this dynamic state 5 is'cylic in nature with a continuous output of the oil and intake of the acetylene acetone water mixture.
- Experimental work has shown that crude oil ,at 140 F. has a viscosity of 225/ sec. Ostwald. After treating with acetylene at 140 F. the viscosity fell to l9 5/sec. Ostwald.
- acetylene release 01 lower: viscosity reabsorbed by hydrocarbons of hydrocarbons eilicate K provides acetylene in-lolufiun paraifinic hydrocarbon removed acetylene :elei'aed from ,1 hydrocarbon as pressure 1- reduced While in the customary water flooding the water' follows the channels already water-bearing and thus by passes the oil channels, our water acetone acetylene mixture exerts a degree of'continuous gas liberation which enters oil channels as well as water channels. The acetylene acetone or the acetyleneitself. lowers theviscosity of the bound oil and connate water so that the mixture can enter; the cell. This condition is closely related to the physiological entrance of chemicals into, tissue cells.
- Our dynamic cycle system may be applied either in the center of the field or supplemented by wells to which the dynamic cycle is applied in the four corners of the field.
- the acetylene can be generated at the field or be used in tanks ready mixed with acetone and Water. Instead of acetone one may employ other acetylene solvents or adsorbents.
- Another method for the employment of our dynamic cyclesystem is to employ the acetylene adsorbed on sand such as kieselguhr, kaolin, calcite or silicate compositions, 7
- the sandfracturing procedure may be used preparatory to the application of acetylene gas or the flooding of the formation with acetylene water acetone mixture. Or the sandfracturing may even follow the preliminary injection of acetylene into the formation.
- acetone instead of acetone, other organic solvents for acetylene similar to acetone may be used which will lower the viscosity of the hydrocarbons bound in the oil formations. Since the solubility. of acetylene in water is a one to one ratio, and the ratio of solubility of acetylene to acetone is 300 parts acetylene in one of acetone at 59 F. and 12 atmospheres pressure, the acetone acts as a reservoir containing acetylene as the water allows the escape of acetylene with falling temperature and pressure.
- a process for releasing oil from an oil-bearing deposit comprising providing a solution of acetylene under a pressure greater than atmospheric, introducing said solution into said deposit while maintaining a pressure greater than atmospheric, reducing said pressure to release at least a portion of said acetylene from said solution, and dissolve at least a portion of said released acetylene in said oil thereby reducing the viscosity of said oil and transporting said oil from said deposit.
- a process for releasing oil from an oil-bearing deposit comprising providing a solution of water, acetone and acetylene under a pressure greater than atmospheric, introducing said solution into said deposit while maintaining a pressure greater than at mospheric, reducing said pressure to release at least a portion of said acetylene from said solution, and dissolve at least a portion' of said released acetylene in said oil thereby reducing the viscosity of said oil and transporting said oil from said deposit.
Description
2,838,118 Patented June 10, 1958 PROCESS FOR SECONDARY OIL RECOVERY: DYNAMIC CYCLE SYSTEM Simon L. Ruskin, New York, N. Y., and Charles W. Ripple, Union County, N. J.
No Drawing. Application March 3, 1955 Serial No. 492,050
2 Claims. Cl. 166-42) This invention relates to secondary oil recovery and methods to promote recovery of oilsand gases locked in sedimentary rocks.
We have found that hydrocarbons are held in sand and clay particularly of marine sedimentary structures by long range molecular forces such as exist between the lattice structure of silicates and carbonates, and that aggregates of silicate and carbonate crystals exert these forces on aggregates of hydrocarbon molecules so that there is dispersed throughout the oil-bearing rock these interstitial deposits. Similarly there is held aggregates of water molecules which are held by a combination of these longer range forces as Well as polar forces from the water molecule itself. These combined attractions are greater than the attractions exerted on the non-polar oil aggregates.
The oil industry has for many years resorted to the use of water flooding in order to displace the oil aggregates from the rock and so stimulate secondary oil recovery. This has in general been unsuccessful primarily due to the fact that the water flooded into the area followed its own channels through the rock without ap proaching the bound oil aggregates. Another reason for the failure is the nature. of the disposition of the connate water and the oil which exist in the rock in stable equilibrium. There is thus no reason for either a change in the connate water or in the bound oil aggregates in the flooded areas. The initial pressures of the water injected in the iicodin operation is rapidly spent in the friction due to the intercrystal channels which are microscopic in size.
We have found that this stable state could be converted into a dynamic state of flow by lowering the viscosity of the bound oil aggregates as well as that of the connate water and simultaneously supply a source of energy to satisfy the thermodynamic state that is established.
To practise our invention we dissolve acetylene gas in acetone to the saturation point of the acetone and this acetylene saturated acetone is added to the water to be used for flooding. Lower concentrations than saturation of acetylene may also be used as desired, depending on the oil bearing formation. The water acetone mixture may be saturated with acetylene gas under 10 to 15 atmospheres pressure and while held at this pressure used for flooding through the well into the oil-bearing rock.
The acetone acetylene water mixture is mixed in a ratio that will lower the viscosity of the oil. Acetylene gas will of itself lower the viscosity of oil and the amount of acetone added may be adjusted so as to keep a lower viscosity of the water used in this process as compared to free water.
The acetone acetylene mixture has a high adsorptive action on silicates and the heat of adsorption added to the heat adsorption of the low viscosity Water answers the thermodynamic requirements for the displacement of the connate water. At the same time difiusion of the acetylene under the gradually falling pressure dissolves in the bound hydrocarbons and lowers the viscosity of the oil thus creating a dynamic cycle of flow from the previously stable rock cells. Since these cells resemble in some respects physiological conditions, this dynamic state 5 is'cylic in nature with a continuous output of the oil and intake of the acetylene acetone water mixture. Experimental work has shown that crude oil ,at 140 F. has a viscosity of 225/ sec. Ostwald. After treating with acetylene at 140 F. the viscosity fell to l9 5/sec. Ostwald.
10 A graphic representation of this cycle is as follows:
acetone water mixture ecetylene 30 atmospheres acetylene silicate acetone wete:
d ti dissolves cit 6 Sup WK acetylene r place d acetylene in silk:
acetylene release 01 lower: viscosity reabsorbed by hydrocarbons of hydrocarbons eilicate K provides acetylene in-lolufiun paraifinic hydrocarbon removed acetylene :elei'aed from ,1 hydrocarbon as pressure 1- reduced While in the customary water flooding the water' follows the channels already water-bearing and thus by passes the oil channels, our water acetone acetylene mixture exerts a degree of'continuous gas liberation which enters oil channels as well as water channels. The acetylene acetone or the acetyleneitself. lowers theviscosity of the bound oil and connate water so that the mixture can enter; the cell. This condition is closely related to the physiological entrance of chemicals into, tissue cells.
The differential solubility of acetylene in water under various pressures makes it ideally suitable to inject into the formation. Since the acetylene is less soluble in the water at reduced pressure and more soluble in the oil at the reduced pressure, thus reducing the viscosity of the oil and aiding it to flow. V
Instead of a water acetone acetylene system, we may also employ just water and acetylene. While water and gas such as methane and propane have previously been employed, we have found that the methane propane gases do not possess the necessary solubility in water to create the dynamic state of equilibrium essential for the operation of our dynamic cycle. It has therefore lacked the efliciency of our procedure. saturated bond also plays a role in the relationship to hydrocarbon viscosity that is more favorable for our system. 7
Our dynamic cycle system may be applied either in the center of the field or supplemented by wells to which the dynamic cycle is applied in the four corners of the field. The acetylene can be generated at the field or be used in tanks ready mixed with acetone and Water. Instead of acetone one may employ other acetylene solvents or adsorbents.
Another method for the employment of our dynamic cyclesystem is to employ the acetylene adsorbed on sand such as kieselguhr, kaolin, calcite or silicate compositions, 7
The triple non- By the same process we may treat oil-bearing rock.
sands, shales, sediments or -other oil-bearing natural deposits. The sandfracturing procedure may be used preparatory to the application of acetylene gas or the flooding of the formation with acetylene water acetone mixture. Or the sandfracturing may even follow the preliminary injection of acetylene into the formation.
Instead of acetone, other organic solvents for acetylene similar to acetone may be used which will lower the viscosity of the hydrocarbons bound in the oil formations. Since the solubility. of acetylene in water is a one to one ratio, and the ratio of solubility of acetylene to acetone is 300 parts acetylene in one of acetone at 59 F. and 12 atmospheres pressure, the acetone acts as a reservoir containing acetylene as the water allows the escape of acetylene with falling temperature and pressure.
Instead of acetylene we may use acetylene mixed with other hydrocarbon gases.
Instead of acetone we may use other organic solvents in which acetylene and other hydrocarbon mixtures are appreciably soluble.
' Example One thousand barrels of water are filled into tanks where one part to 1000 parts of acetone are added. Acetylene gas is run into the tank under 500 to 1000 pounds pressure until saturation of the water acetone mixture is obtained. The mixture is now introduced into the well under 500 lbs. to 1000 lbs. pressure so that it spreads into the oil-bearing rock to start the dynamic cycle. When the oil flow begins, the further addition of acetylene mixture may be stopped. While this procedure is used I for secondary oil recovery, it may also be employed for starting fresh.
What we claim is: e
l. A process for releasing oil from an oil-bearing deposit, said process comprising providing a solution of acetylene under a pressure greater than atmospheric, introducing said solution into said deposit while maintaining a pressure greater than atmospheric, reducing said pressure to release at least a portion of said acetylene from said solution, and dissolve at least a portion of said released acetylene in said oil thereby reducing the viscosity of said oil and transporting said oil from said deposit.
2. A process for releasing oil from an oil-bearing deposit, said process comprising providing a solution of water, acetone and acetylene under a pressure greater than atmospheric, introducing said solution into said deposit while maintaining a pressure greater than at mospheric, reducing said pressure to release at least a portion of said acetylene from said solution, and dissolve at least a portion' of said released acetylene in said oil thereby reducing the viscosity of said oil and transporting said oil from said deposit.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Martin: Flooding With Carboned Water, The Oil and Gas Journal, August 1951, pages 70, 71, 86 and 87.
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS FOR RELEASING OIL FROM AN OIL-BEARIN DEPOSIT, SAID PROCESS COMPRISING PROVIDING A SOLUTION OF ACETYLENE UNDER A PRESSURE GREATHER THAN ATMOSPHERIC, INTRODUCING SAID SOLUTION INTO SAID DEPOSIT WHILE MAINTAINING A PRESSURE GREATHER THAN ATMOSPHERIC, REDUCING SAID PRESSURE TO RELASE AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID ACCEYLENE FROM SAID SOLUTION, AND DISSOLVE AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID RELEASED ACETYLENE IN SAID OIL THEREBY REDUCING SAID VISOSITY OF SAID OIL AND TRANSPORTING SAID OIL FROM SAID DEPOSIT.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2838118A true US2838118A (en) | 1958-06-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2838118D Expired - Lifetime US2838118A (en) | Process for secondary oil recovery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2838118A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3169580A (en) * | 1963-05-29 | 1965-02-16 | J W Bateman | Well cleaner and washer |
| US3185215A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1965-05-25 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Controlling bacteria with hydrocarbon gases |
| WO2015086779A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Statoil Gulf Services LLC | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1422182A (en) * | 1919-06-05 | 1922-07-11 | Union Carbide Corp | Treating gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures |
| US1658305A (en) * | 1928-02-07 | Art of extracting hydrocarbons from oil-bearing strata | ||
| US1865912A (en) * | 1930-03-25 | 1932-07-05 | Horn William | Oil well agitator |
| US2578500A (en) * | 1948-03-31 | 1951-12-11 | Pure Oil Co | Method of studying earth formations employing carbon disulfide as a tracer |
| US2609051A (en) * | 1950-04-27 | 1952-09-02 | Atlantic Refining Co | Method for recovery of oil from wells |
| US2699832A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1955-01-18 | Texas Co | Increasing the production of oil from subsurface formations |
-
0
- US US2838118D patent/US2838118A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1658305A (en) * | 1928-02-07 | Art of extracting hydrocarbons from oil-bearing strata | ||
| US1422182A (en) * | 1919-06-05 | 1922-07-11 | Union Carbide Corp | Treating gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures |
| US1865912A (en) * | 1930-03-25 | 1932-07-05 | Horn William | Oil well agitator |
| US2578500A (en) * | 1948-03-31 | 1951-12-11 | Pure Oil Co | Method of studying earth formations employing carbon disulfide as a tracer |
| US2609051A (en) * | 1950-04-27 | 1952-09-02 | Atlantic Refining Co | Method for recovery of oil from wells |
| US2699832A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1955-01-18 | Texas Co | Increasing the production of oil from subsurface formations |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3185215A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1965-05-25 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Controlling bacteria with hydrocarbon gases |
| US3169580A (en) * | 1963-05-29 | 1965-02-16 | J W Bateman | Well cleaner and washer |
| WO2015086779A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Statoil Gulf Services LLC | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
| CN105940080A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-09-14 | 斯塔特伊海湾服务有限责任公司 | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
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