US280665A

US280665A - Jo antsy pittiot

Info

Publication number: US280665A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 1900-07-03

Description

(No Model.

J. PITTIOT.

APPARATUS FORVINDIGATING AND GLASSIPYING COLOR TINTS. No. 280,665. Patented July 3, 18-83.

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(Iowa I 7 in such a manner as to be easily observed, all the the colors blend and present to the eye tints diagrams illustrating the manner in which the [tapering longitudinal bands or strips of vary- UNITED STATES PATENT GFFIQE.

. JOANNY rrrrror, or LYONS, FRANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed March 20, 1893.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OANNY PITTIOT, a eitizen of France, residing at Lyons, France, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Indicating and Classifying Color-Tints, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this apparatus is by means of standard primary colors to present to the eye,

shades obtained by the mixture of two or more colors in any proportions, and to indicate at thesame time the exact proportions of this mixture. The basic or standard colors are to be determined by chemical or physical processes that permit of their identical reproduction, andthe formula which will indicate the proportions of these colors in any tint whatever will determine exactly by my apparatus that tint which can be obtained at any time from the particular colors without having to mix the same.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of one of the blending-cylinders, part of its support being in section. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are colors are applied to the surface of the blending-cylinder.

In the apparatus I make use of a cylinder or setof cylinders, G, each of which is provided with a shaft, so that any cylinder can be placed in bearings or supports A B and receive a rapid rotary movement either by hand or by power. The shaft of each cylinder is provided with a small roller, D, firmly secured thereto, that rests upon a large roller, E, and is revolved by frictional contact therewith. I have shown a pinion upon the shaft of the roller E that gears into a wheel, h, upon a shaft provided with a crank-handle as a means for revolving the roller E, and through the latter the cylinder G.

v The primary colors are printed or-otherwise applied upon the surface of the cylinders G in ing widths, following a known lawthat primary colors covering a surface in certain relative proportions will blend and form a compound color when the surface is moved rapidly. When one of these cylinders is rotated rapidly Patent No. 280,665, dated July 3, 1883.-

(No model.) Patented in France December 30, 1832.

a tint is observed. This tint can therefore be.

accurately represented by the designation of the cylinder which contains it and by its position on this cylinder, and it can be found again mathematically by any one who shall have. a like cylinder at his disposal by following the same marks and numbers. Take, for example, a cylinder the surface of which is laid out flat, as in Fig. 2, and is supposed to contain two colors, M and N, the separation being indicated by a diagonal line, and suppose the length of the cylinder to be divided into one hundred (100) equal parts, any line, a b, at a distance represented by 00, from zero of the scale, will contain 3 of the color N and of the color M, and its tint will be exactly designated by the formula 00 N +(100-m) M, which will give not only the means of finding again this tint, but, further, the exact proportions of the primary colors of which it is composed. If to the surface of the cylinder, Fig. 2, a regular band, P, of athird color is added, as shown in Fig. 3, the width of which band is a known fraction, for example, of the total development, the formula which will represent the tint at the line a b, for instance, will be m N i (10000) M+ P, which will give the proportions of the three primary colors. Other regular bands of different colors can be added to obtain combinations of four or five colors.

If the colors are separated not by an oblique line, as in Fig. 2, but by a step-by-step line, as in Fig. 3,with as many steps as there are to be inter mediate tints between the two extreme colors, and if the opening F of the screen S is made the width of one of these steps, then uniform tints will be observed in place of progressivelyvarying tints, as in the former case, which will greatly facilitate comparison in classifying samples of tints.

The number of cylinders necessary for reproducing all the combinations of colors would be very large; but in practice comparatively few are needed. Each artist or manufacturer will make use of a number of cylinders corresponding to his usual needs, and he can always, if necessary, make others rapidly for special requirements by using a general law established in advance as to the arrangement of the colors. By this arrangement of apparatus the rapid rotation of a cylinder covered with primary colors, as standards, and placed in a determined order, permits of observing all the shades obtained by the reunion of many of these colors and of comparing them with samples of tints whose composition it is desired to establish, and of reproducing at any time by means of cylinders constructed upon the same law the exact shades which have been noted by means of a formula.

This apparatus may be applied to the decorative arts, printing, dyeing, &c., not only for classifying and designating simply all the known shades, but, further, for seeking new ones, the composition of which is immediately indicated by the apparatus.

I claim as my invention 1. In an apparatus for indicating and classifying color-tints, the combination of a cylinder with tapering bands of color placed in opposite directions on its surface, a shaft for the same, supports for the shaft, and means for rapidly rotating the shaft and cylinder, sub stantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In an apparatus for indicating and classifying color-tints, the combination of a cylinder with bands of color on its surface, a shaft and supports for the same, a screen movable lengthwise ol' the cylinder, with an opening therein, and means for rapidly rotating the cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In an apparatus for indicating and classifying color-tints, the combination of a cylinder with bands of color on its surface, a shaft and supports for the same, a screen movable lengthwise of the cylinder with an opening therein, a scale for indicating the place at which an. observation is taken, and means for rapidly rotating the cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

The above specification of my invention signed by me this 5th day of January, 1883.

J DANNY PIITIOT.

Y VIN RA'BILLOUD, .l'n mas La] UNEITE.