US27961A - Improvement in methods of tanning - Google Patents
Improvement in methods of tanning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US27961A US27961A US27961DA US27961A US 27961 A US27961 A US 27961A US 27961D A US27961D A US 27961DA US 27961 A US27961 A US 27961A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tanning
- lye
- methods
- improvement
- liquor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940033123 Tannic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 12
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N Tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYQCGQRIZGCHNB-JLAZNSOCSA-N L-ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(O)=C(O)C1=O TYQCGQRIZGCHNB-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020127 ayran Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
- C14C3/10—Vegetable tanning
Definitions
- the tannin liquor or compound in which the skins are immersed is made in the following manner: I take one bushelof wood ashes, stir it well in fifty gallons of water, and then let it settle. I then draw off forty gallons of the lye thus made and add to it forty pounds of terra-japonica, place them in a copper vessel, boil them until the terra-ja-ponica is all dissolved, then allow them to cool partially, and the solution is ready for use. For some kinds of leather I use forty gallons of the lye, forty pounds of terra-japonica, ten pounds of alum, and six pounds of common salt. These ingredients are then boiled in a copper pan and then allowed to cool partially. When cooled sufliciently the hides are immersed in the solution and handled, as stated, from two to four days.
- the solution should be kept warm all the while. Its temperature should never be allowed under blood-heat when in use. If the temperature is reduced much below bloodheat the potash of the lye may precipitate the alumina of the alum, which, having a strong affinity for the tannic acid, may carry a portion of it down with it, and thus destroy the effect of the solution. It is all important that the solution should be kept moderately warm,
- the liquor is prevented from becoming sour and may be retained any desired length of time.
- the strength of the liquor may be varied, as the lye may be made stronger or milder.
- the lye is made stronger than that indicated and more tannic acid is used, and for making soft and pliable leather the lye is made milder.
- the strength of the liquor may not only be varied, but the quality of the leather mayalso be varied.
- Bystrengtheningtheliquorthesamedifficulty of accumulation is not experienced, as is the case with thelime.
- By the useofthisliquor a greater body and more density is given to the leatherthanisthecasewhenitistannedbyother processes.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
MARTIN A. BELL, OF RUSHFORD, NEW YORK.
IMPROVEMENT IN METHODS OF TANNING.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 27,96l, dated April 24, 1860.
To all whom it may concern:
Beit known thatI, MARTINA. BELL, of Bushford, in the county of Allegany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Tanning Hides and Skins; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my mode of tanning.
The nature of my invention consists in the use of lye with tannic acid, as will be hereinafter set forth.
I remove the hair from the hides and skins and prepare them for tanning by any of the methods now in use. I then immerse them in the tannin liquor and handle them from two to four days.
The tannin liquor or compound in which the skins are immersed is made in the following manner: I take one bushelof wood ashes, stir it well in fifty gallons of water, and then let it settle. I then draw off forty gallons of the lye thus made and add to it forty pounds of terra-japonica, place them in a copper vessel, boil them until the terra-ja-ponica is all dissolved, then allow them to cool partially, and the solution is ready for use. For some kinds of leather I use forty gallons of the lye, forty pounds of terra-japonica, ten pounds of alum, and six pounds of common salt. These ingredients are then boiled in a copper pan and then allowed to cool partially. When cooled sufliciently the hides are immersed in the solution and handled, as stated, from two to four days.
The solution should be kept warm all the while. Its temperature should never be allowed under blood-heat when in use. If the temperature is reduced much below bloodheat the potash of the lye may precipitate the alumina of the alum, which, having a strong affinity for the tannic acid, may carry a portion of it down with it, and thus destroy the effect of the solution. It is all important that the solution should be kept moderately warm,
and the temperature above stated is that which I mostly prefer, though a little higher temperature will do no harm. Whenever the latter solution becomes reduced in strength I strengthen by adding to it twenty gallons of water which has been mixed with one bushel of ashes, and with the full amount of the other mentioned ingredients.
Lime has been used in connection with the ingredients herein mentioned in place of the lye but there are many difficulties attending its use for tanning purposes-the liquor is liable to and often does sour, the strength of the liquor cannot be varied, and it cannot be retained without an accumulation of more than is necessary and without great trouble.
By the use of the lye in the manner herein stated the liquor is prevented from becoming sour and may be retained any desired length of time. The strength of the liquor may be varied, as the lye may be made stronger or milder. For making hard leather the lye is made stronger than that indicated and more tannic acid is used, and for making soft and pliable leather the lye is made milder. Thus the strength of the liquor may not only be varied, but the quality of the leather mayalso be varied. Bystrengtheningtheliquorthesamedifficulty of accumulation is not experienced, as is the case with thelime. By the useofthisliquor a greater body and more density is given to the leatherthanisthecasewhenitistannedbyother processes. By being able to vary the strength of the lye I am enabled to use more tannic acid than I could with the lime. Hence I am enabled to tan leather in much shorter time than it is possible to do where lime is used.
I do not consider alum and salt necessary ingredients for tanning purposes generally. I use ordinarily only the lye combined with the tannic acid, the acid being stronger or milder in proportion to the amount oflye used. When the leather is removed from the solution it is ready for use without subjecting it to any other process or manipulation.
I do not lay any claim to the preparation of tannate of potash or soda, as indicated in the patents granted to Obediah Rich in 1856; but
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
Oombining lye with ,tannic acid in substantiall y the proportions herein mentioned,whereby I am enabled to prevent the tanning-liquors from becoming decomposed or sour, am enabled to strengthen them without accumulating more than necessary, and can tan skins in shorter time and with less labor than by any other known process.
MARTIN A. BELL.
Witnesses:
A. H. NOBLE, I. I. BELL.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US27961A true US27961A (en) | 1860-04-24 |
Family
ID=2097626
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US27961D Expired - Lifetime US27961A (en) | Improvement in methods of tanning |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US27961A (en) |
-
0
- US US27961D patent/US27961A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US30390A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US27961A (en) | Improvement in methods of tanning | |
US25241A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US27259A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US33564A (en) | Improved tanning composition | |
US27823A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US31349A (en) | Improvement in tanning leather | |
US26966A (en) | Improvement in compositions for tanning skins and hides | |
US30367A (en) | Improvement in compositions for tanning | |
US29488A (en) | Improvement in compositions for tanning | |
US20565A (en) | Improvement in tanning leather | |
US33182A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US27648A (en) | Improvement in compositions for tanning leather | |
US23471A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US34192A (en) | Improved tanning composition | |
US44234A (en) | Improved tanning compound | |
US24278A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US42619A (en) | Improvement in treating leather | |
US36636A (en) | Improvement in tanning | |
US16355A (en) | Improvement in tanning hides | |
US996509A (en) | Tanning process. | |
US17043A (en) | Composition for tanning hides | |
US1043303A (en) | Process of treating waste sulfite liquor. | |
US43188A (en) | Improved composition for tanning | |
US19756A (en) | Improvement in compositions for tanning leather |