US276947A - Machinery for composing types - Google Patents

Description

(No Mbdel. 7 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. WIGKS.

MACHINERY FOR GOMPOSING TYPES.

No. 276,947. Patented May 1,1883.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 F. WIOKS.

MACHINERY FOR OOMPOSING- TYPES.

No. 276,947. Patented May 1,1883.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

, F. 'WIOKS.

MACHINERY FOR GOMPOSING TYPES.

Patented May 1, 1883.

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F. WIGKS;

MACHINERY FOR UOMPOSING TYPES. No, 276,947. Patented May l, 183g.

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F. WIGKS.

. MACHINERY P03 GOMPOSING TYPES.

No. 276,947.. r Patented May 1,1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK WIOKS, OFGLASGOW, QOUNTY OF LANARK, SCOTLAND.

MACHINERY FOR COMPOSING TYPES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 276,947, dated May 1, 1883.

Application filed February 23, 1881. (No model.) Patented in England April 16, 1879, No.1,640; in France October 25, 1879, No. 133.350; in Germany November 2, 1879, No.'10,064, and in Belgium March 11, 1881, No. 54,076.

' To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK WIGKS, of

Glasgow, in the county of Lauark,North Britain, have invented Improvements in Machinery for Composing Types, of which the following is a specification. I

M y invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for composing-or setting up type.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in side elevation a machine or appararatus constructed according to my said invention. The other figures are details, as hereinafter described.

The race Q, downwhich the types fall to the place where they are finally set up, consists of two grooves,q 1,, as seen more clearly in the cross-section (drawn to an' enlarged scale) of the said race, Fig. 2. The said grooves are separated by the thin steel. plate The said race Q is inclined to an angle of preferably forty-five degrees to the horizon, and terminates at its lower part in a nose -piece, Q, which is shown in vertical section inFig.3 and in longitudinal section in Fig. 4.. Toward the end of the race Q, one of the two grooves q q is led to a lower levelthan the other, as shown inFig. 3, and thereafter the said two grooves q q incline toward each other, as illustrated in Fig. 4, so that near the end of thenose-piece Q one of them is immediately over the other. The bottom of the top groove terminates at this point, so that the types descending along the top groove \i ill at this point fall into the lower groove, and thus all types descending along either groove q or q will eventually emergefrom the same opening, g forming the outlet of the said groovesq g from the said nose-piece Q. I

The type-holders R consist of grooved or slotted bars, as shown more clearlyin F 45,, which represents asectional plan of a portio of the said holders B, the width of the grooves in the said holders being not less than the thickness of types to be composed. They are secured to the sides of the race Q step by step,

one above the other, and at the outer side of and at right angles to thelength of each of the grooves q q, and the types are held in the grooves of these holders 1%, as seen in Fig.5,

so that the bottom type in each holder rests on its side upon a slight step or raised portion,

ers, that they will not admit of thepassage of more than one of the types at the same time.

Pusher-pieces S (shown separately in elevation, seen at right angles to each other in Figs.

7 and 8 and in plan in Fig. 9,) are pivoted beneath the race Q, one pusher-piece for each of the type-holders, as shown in the side view of a portion of the race, Fig. 10. Their tailss are connected by rods 8' to the" ends of the levers 8 two of which are shown separately in Figs. 11 and 12. The said levers s are provided with keys or knobs sfleach bearing a letter or sign corresponding to the type in the holder R, before which the pusher S, actuated by the depression of the particular knob or key 8 is situated. The nose of each pusherpiece S, by the depression of its key, is urged inward and over the step q, as shown with regard to one of the pushers in Fig. 2, so as to eject the type lying before it from the step g through the opening r and into one of the grooves q q of the race Q. The key-knobs s may be arranged in two rows, as illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12, where one key .of each row is shown, the one row being for causing the ejectment of the typeson one side of the race Q and the other row for the ejectment of the types on the other side of the said race.

Revolving on pivots in a. bracket-piece, t at the outlet g from the race at the nose-piece Q is a wheel, T. This wheel T is shown separately in side elevation in Fig. 15, in end elevation in Fig. 16, and in plan in Fig. 18 ,in connection with the commencement of the guide U, as hereinafter described. Fig. 17 is a plan showing the said wheel T and its shaft t and 9 the pivots t and the bracket t carrying the said wheel. Motion of revolution is given to the said shaft by a band passed over a pulley, t, as shown in Figs. 1 and 17, the said band being also passed over a pulley upon a shaft,

ICO

' and received as described with regard to the i driven by any suitable motor. Upon the said wheel T (which ispreferabl y the width of the types being treated with) are ratchet-like teeth or projections i solid therewith, and of less width than that of the types being treated. As the wheel T revolves the projections t pass through a notch or slot, u, of about their own width, in the commencement of the guide U, along which the composed types pass to the galley; and as this guide is of the width of the types "there are ledges u (see Fig. 18) at the sides of the neck a, upon which ledges the types are received from project-ions t of the wheel T, by reason of the parts of the heel of the types which project beyond the side of the projections 15 being caught upon the ledges at the side of the notch a. The wheel T, as illustrated, drawn to a. larger scale in Fig. 19, may be made in thin steel or other disks or plates, t with intervening fillingpieces t". The saiddisks t have thereon the ratchet-like teeth 13 projecting beyond the filling-pieces t. The parts at the end of the guide U are of a similar construction, being made up of projecting plates a and fillingpieces 11?, so that the teeth on the disks 2?, in revolving, pass through the spaces between the said plates a and the type is delivered wheel, Figs. 15, 16, and 18; but this construction in disks or plates gives a better restingsurface for the types on the projections of the wheel, and producing such small openings in the commencement of the guide U that there is no danger of the types slipping thereinto.

The columns of types in the holders B have weights V, Figs. 1 and 5, constructed as shown, orin other suitable manner, so as to bear upon the heels of the types only.

In working the machine the operator sits before the key-board, and the copy being before him he depresses the keys 8 in the order corresponding to the copy, and the types are thereby ejected by the pushers S into the grooves q q of the race Q, one after the other, and they, descending the said grooves q q, issue from the outlet Q3 from the nose-piece Q", and are received upon a projection t of the revolving wheel T, and are successively delivered, standing face upward, on the ledges u at the sides ofthe notch u in the guide U, along which the succeeding projection i of the wheel T presses them forward to a galley, Y, Fig.1, and thus a continuous line of composed type is forced forward to the said galley, where it is divided into lines by ordinary spacing, or by the means hereinafter described.

In order to allow of the ejection from the type-holders of two or more types at once, I may, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14:, employ one key, 8 to effect this by attaching this key to a bar, 8, hinged at the side of the machine, or at the back, by strips, either as at s or at s, the said bars having thereon projections 8 which bear, when the said key is depressed, upon those of the key-levers, which will cause the ejection of the desired types at once. The types are arranged in such order along the side or sides of the race Q that those ejected by these combination-keys will emerge from the race in their proper order. Any convenient number of these combination-keys may be employed, the knobs 8 upon them being marked with lettersor signs corresponding with the types which will be ejected by their depression. In Fig. 14 several bars 8 of combination-keys are indicated as situated beside that illustrated in the said Fig. 14.

The parts of the machine which act as guides for the types are of course of such capacity, according to the class of type being treated with, as to accommodate and guide the said In order to dispense with the necessity for justifying the lines for the column of set-up type by hand-spacing, I make the spacesthat is, the blank pieces of metal used for filling in blanks between words and in other places--by stamping, casting, or in other suitable manner, with an opening or openings in them from front to back. Fig. 1 illustrates spaces on an enlarged scale so formed with openings therethrough of various forms, the said openings being marked 00. Aline of composed type slightly in excess of a line of the column being formed having been pushed forward from the composing-machine along the guides U to the galley, where the column or page is being made, it can be brought to the proper width by pressure, the aforesaid openin gs in the spaces allowing of the compression of the said line by the yielding of the said spaces.

The guide U for the composed type leads into the galley Y, Fig. 1. The said galley is shown in view at right angles to the front of the machine at Fig. 20, and is preferably in clined at an angle to the horizon, as shown in Fig. 21, which represents a partial side view of the galley and a transverse section of the guide U; but I do not wish to be, understood as limiting myself to any particular inclination of galley, as it may obviously be at any or without inclination, the part at :1 immediately opposite the opening of the said guide, being wider than the column being made to allow a line of type longer than the width of the column being moved forward from the guides, as shown at 3 Hinged to any suitable part of the framework supporting the galleyY is a lever, Z, having attached to it a bar, 2, slidingin a slottypes in their progress, and to keep the types ted guide in line-with "the type to be com-.

pressed. By pressing this bar a inward by means of the leverZthe line of type is compressed to the width of the column, as shown at 3 I claimj l 1. The combination of inclined race Q, having division-plate g and nose-piece Q, with .Q, having grooves qg', plate q, separating said grooves, raised portions or steps q, and

nose-piece Q, of the type-holders R, grooved for the reception of types longitudinally-of the race, pivoted pusher-piecesS, and adjustable brakes w, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, witha seriesof single.

keys for actuating the pusher-pieces, of combination keys, substantially as described, for

depressing two or more of such single keysat a time.

6. The compressible type-spaces made of soft metal, having solid and enlargedenid 993;

tions, and being hollowed or cut away between the said ends, so that the spaces may be compressed by the crushing of the said ends, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7 In combination with a composing-galley, the compressing-lever, arranged substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK WIOKS.

Witnesses:

DAVID D. AURTON, J AMES SMITH BEGG, Both of 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.

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