US276757A - Edwaed m - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) E. M. BENTLEY 8v W. H. KNIGHT.

ELECTRIC WAY.

Patented May' l, 1883.

NA PETERS. PhuwLnhagnpher. washmgtun. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT Genion..

EDWARD M. BENTLEY AND VALTER H. KNIGHT, OF WASHINGTON, D. C.

ELECTRIC WAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 276,757, dated May 1, 1883.

Application tiled March 31, 1883. (No model.)

.To all, whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD M. BENT- LEY and WALTER I-I. KNIGHT, ot' lWashington. District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Ways, ot' which the followingis a speciiication.

Our invention consists in a system ot' electric conductors forming an electric way wherein wires of different classes can be run in the same conduit, or within inductive proximity ot' one another, and still be in substantially mutual inductive independence.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a diagram of two conductors in mutual antiinductive relation. Fig.2 represents a method ot' laying the different classes ot' conductors in different parts of the street. Fig. 3 shows a convenient means forintroducing additional conductors. Fig. 4 is a perspective view, showing' the arrangement at the junction-box. Fig. 5 shows a yielding connection between two sections ot' conductors. Fig. 6 illustrates by a partial perspective the mode oi crossing the conductors. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, showing the manner of bringing` the telephone or telegraph wires to the surface at the `innetion-box.

We represent herein conductors of three differentclasses-viz.,electric-light, telephone, and telegraph conductors, the latter including tire, district, printing, and all other telegraphs, and the light-wires being also used for the transmission ot' power, and for other desirable purposes.

In Fig. l, A A' represent the direct and return wires of a complete metallic circuit, pret'- erably a light-circuit, and T T represent neighboring conductors. A A are situated in thesame plane and cross each other at intervals, so that the positive and negative wires exchange positions, the positive wire taking up a position in a line which is acontinuatiou of the previous section of negative wire, and vice versa. It will thus be seen that any neighboring wires, as T T, in any position parallel to A A, will be subject to equal and opposite induction, provided they pass along an even number ot' sections of A A. TT may be either telephone or telegraph wires, preferably telephone-wires, and if a third class ot' wires be brought into the vicinity it will only be necessary to render them independent of T T. This may be done by providing acoinmon return for them, as is shown and claimed in an application tiled March 27, 1883, or by inserting a metallic shield between them, as is set forth and claimed in an application of the saine date. These various classes ot` wires may be all in the same conduit, as in said applications, and as shown in Fig. 4, or the different classes be put in different parts of the street.

In Fig. 2 the light-wires and through telegraph-wires are shown in a conduit inthe iniddle of the street, while the telephone and local telegraph wires are at the side, ,i ust inside the curb. A light-wire is shown taken out to the side ot' the street from the central conduit. In any ease the wires should be crossed at intervals, preferably at the jnnction-boxes,which are situated at convenient distances apart along the line. Fig. Li shows such a junctionbox with the light-wires crossed and the telephone-wires brought individually to a common surface at the top of the box by means ot a connection-board made u p ot' transverse sticks of wood woven in among the wires in a similar manner to that shown in one of the above-mentioned applications. The lightwires occupy the center of the conduit in a vertical line from top to bottom, the sets of positive and negative wires A and A each emerging from the section oi' conduit l) into the junctioubof; iu two vertical rows on either side.

Between the two central rows, one ol' which, of course, is positive and the other negative wires, a square stick, D, ot' wood or other suitable lnaterial, is placed obliquely in the vertical plane of the conduit, from the upper to the opposite lower corner oi' the junction-box, and

each pair of wires A A is brought out into thebox until they come to the stick B, one on each side ofthe stick. Each wire then takes a half turn around the stick, (sce Fig. 6,) one, A, going obliquely across the under surface oi' B to the edge, and then up at an angle to the edge, to the diagonally-opposite edge from which it started, and thence on in the line ot direction ot' A. The other wire, A', is lirst bent up at an angle to B, andthence obliquely across the IOC upper surface to the diagonally-opposite edge from which it started, and then goes on into the next section in the line of direction of wire A. At a point lower down on B the next pair of wires A A cross each other by-being bent, respectively, over and under B in like manner. It will be seen that the pairs ot` wires will be laid over B in an orderly manner, so that they will be readily accessible and a certain distance maintained between each pair ot' wires. For the next two rows of wires tour small sticks, C, are placed parallel to B, one ata short radial distance from each corner, so that the four form a square frame inclosing B and concentric and symmetrical with it. The two outer rows of wires, A A', are then bent by pairs around this skeleton stick, just as the inner rows were bent around the inner solid stick, B. When rods are used for conductors, as in the present incandescent systems, it will be necessary 'to provide yielding connections to allow for the expansion and contraction of the rods under varying temperature. In Fig. 5, A and A are conductors ot' a circuit, insulated and supported in any convenient way. At points of junction these conductors cross each other, and are connected by means of the curved spring-strips E E. These strips serve a triple function, being electrical connections holding` the two conductors at the proper distance apa-rt while crossing', and also allowing for expansion and contraction of A A. Existing systems, where connections of this kind are used, can be rendered anti-inductive to all external conductors by simply crossing the connections at each junction-box, so that the positive and negative conductors occupy reversed positions in successive sections.

The manner of bringing` all the wires ofa system normally occupying a crosssection ot' two dimensions to a common surface is illustrated in Figs. 11 and 7. A number of triangular sticks,F, are laid just above the wires in a horizontal plane, parallel and close to each other and transverse to the line-wires. The successive wires T in each vertical row are brought up and bent, respectively, over the successive sticks F. They are then brought down again t0 the proper level for continuing` their course into the next section in a straight line, their relative horizontal position being-maintained by bendingthem again around sticks F. This arrangement forms a connection-board made up ot transverse sticks and wires woven together, and presenting wicker-work-like surface. The sticks are held in place by the wires, and all the lines are brought to the surface in a systematic way.

In Fig. et the telegraph-wires are shown on the opposite side of the iight-wires from the telephone-wires. They may be run in anti-inductive cables; or the mass of metal of the light-wires may be relied upon as an inductive shield to protect thc two classes oi wires from each other.

"We have shown the, lower portion ot' the space for telegraph-wires occupied by cables containing through lines. The upper part is iilled or partly filled with local wires laid in insulating-strips.- These may be brought up tothe surface like the telephone-wires, and others added as the needs ot' the service require.

Fig. 3 shows the most convenient way ofintroducing new conductors, orinsulating-strips iilled with conductors, or grooved for their subsequent reception. The whole or part ot' a section, G, between two junction-boxes is left open or accessible, while the rest of the sections are permanently covered up. To put in new conductors or new holders, the section G- is opened, and then conducting-rods, grooved boards, or other rigid objects can be laid down in G and passed through succeeding sections, from one junctionbox to another, until the entire conduit-space is filled.

It is to be understood that all matter herein shown or described but not claimed is not hereby abandoned to the public, but is re served for future applications.

What we desire to claim in this application as our invention is.d

l. The combination, with an external con ductor, of the direct and return conductors oi' an electric circuit, said direct and return con" ductors exchanging their lineal positions at intervals.

2. The combination, with an external conductor, of a pair of inductively-opposing sections of the direct and return conductors ot an electric circuit, the direct and return conductors in said sections being in the same plane.

3. The combination of the direct and return conductors of an electric circuit, said conductors crossing each other at sectional points, and each section having' a corresponding inductively-opposing section in the saine plane.

4. The combination ofthe direct and return conductors ct'an electric-light circuit, said conductors crossing each other at sectional points, each section being in one plane and having a corresponding inductively-opposing section in the same plane.

5. In an electric way dividedinto longitudi* nal sections, the combination of the direct and return conductors of a metallic circuit and a portion of another circuit, the wires all ruiming substantially parallel throughout each section, and the direct and return conductors crossing` each other at the ends of the sections, so as to interchange their lineal positions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In an electric way divided into longitudinal sections, the combination ot the direct and return conductors of a metallic circuit,A crossing each other at the ends ofthe sections, with a portion ot' another' circuit extending the distance of an even number of sections along the way, for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with a number ot' permanently-closed sections of an electric way, separated by junction-boxes, et' an open or accessible section extending between two junc- IOS tion-boxes for the introduction of dnctors or wire-holders.

3. The combination, with two electric conductors crossing each other,but not comin g in contact nor in comparatively close proximity, of a separating-stick, each of the two conductors making?I a half-turn around the stick.

9. The combination, with a series of pairs of electric conductors, of the oblique stick B, the pairs of conductors crossing each other at successive points of the stick.

l0. The combination, with stick B and cond uctors arranged thereon, of an external frame and conductors similarly arranged upon it.

11. The combination, with wires in layers, of transverse bars in a single surface, the successive layers of Wires being` looped over the successive bars, so as to be brought to the sin-v gle surface.

rigid oon- 12. The combination oi' wires T and bars F and F', substantially as described.

13. The combination of electric wires in a conduit in the center of the street with wires of different classes arranged at the sides of the street in anti-inductive relation to the central wires.

14. The combination of conductors AA and curved or bent expansible crossed connectors E E', uniting` the conductors of one section with the diagonally-opposite conductors ofthe next section.

EDVARD M. BENTLEY. VALTER H. KNIGHT.

Witnesses:

C. N. IMLAN, W. B. MAGRAUDER.

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