US276748A - baldwin - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) i '3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

o. W. BALDWIN.

\ GAS ENGINE.

No. 276,748. yPafteniaed May, 1,1883.'

N. PETERS. FhalwLilhogmphu. washington LLC.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. W. BALDWIN.

i GAS ENGINE. I No. 276,748. Patented Many 1,1883.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

C. w. BALDWIN. v GAS ENGINE. No. 276,748. .l Patented May 1,1883.

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To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT `Fries.

UYRUS 7. BVALDVIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,`ASSIGNOR TO YVILLIAM E.

HALE, OF SAME PLACE.

GAS-Encina.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent' NQ. 276,748, dated May 1, 1883.

l Application filed August l0, 1852. (omodel.)

Be it known that I, GYRUS YV. BALDWIN a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghi-` cago, in thecounty otI Cook, State of Illinois,

'have invented certain new and useful ,Im-`

provements in Gas-Engines, and I do hereby check-valve, h, and also with a curved port,

declare the following' to be a full, clear, and exact description of said improvement, sufcient to enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to practice the same, reference be-` ing llad'to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a view in longitudinal section through the main or explosion cylinder and through the compressionlcylinder pertaining to the invention. Fig. 2 is a view in plan with boiler-casing partly brokenl away, and Fig. 3 a view in end elevation otitlie engine and attachments embodying my invention.

The invention has for its objectto secure increased etticiency in what are known as gasengines, and to permit the saine to be started from a distant point without n eed ot' irst moving the engine by hand. These objects are aittained by constructing an apparatus inV man- 11er hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the accompanying draw ings, in which like parts are designated by like letters ot' reference, A is the cylinder in which the gaseous mixture is exploded against the trunk piston B, the movement ot' which maybe iinpart'ed by a connecting-rod, b, to a crank-shaft, Ufer other object. The cylinder may have a surrounding chamber, a, for the passage of the fluid used for preventing an undue increase of temperature. v

- D is the compression-cylinder, of any suitable t'orm and arrangement, communicating through ports d d and aehannel, e, with the cylinder A, the channel e having a checkvalve,f. i In the cylinder D is a piston, E, having a longitudinal opening,g, provided with a spring i, opening to one side and to the yrear oi' the piston, asV shown. The piston E is driven by an eccentric, E', lever E2, and connecting-rods from the shaft C, or is otherwise reciprocated in any other suitable manner.

Air s drawn into the cylinder I) through an opening, j, and gas is drawn in through an `to one in stroke.

opening, m, as the piston E moves to the rear,

`valves tt closing said openings as the piston indiameter than the cylinder A, the best pro-` portions being about one to two and a half in piston area (more exactly, 1 2.749) and three that when the main piston B is at the end ot' its stroke in either direction the piston E will piston B begins to move forward, the piston E, moving to the rear,will begin to uncover the port chaud the gas wilipass under pressure into the cylinder A, the piston E then traveling at its highest speed, while the piston B is at its lowest. iBy thus reducing the stroke ot' the compression-piston I ain enabled to operate it from an eccentricor tappets and avoid the expensive 'and more complicated voperating parts requisite when a longer stroke is imparted.` The ignition-opening n is uncovered by the piston B when the latter has traveled about one-third of its movement, and when the pistou Eis at the end ot' its movement, the 4port c being then closed, the gases exploding, therefore, when at their` greatest pressure, which :in the engine described will be about two atmospheres.

Any suitable means may be employed forexploding the gases. I prefer, however, a gasjet arranged jat one sideof theopening n, but out of direct line therewith, so as not to be extinguished by the issuing jet. By the arrangement described the gases in the cylinder I) are cut oft' from those in the cylinder A at the time ofthe explosion, so'that should the valvefleak no injury will be done to the compression-cylinder. To further guard against injury fromftoo great a pressure, each cylinder is providedwith an end opening andI a reliefvaive,-c`. On the returnmovement ofthe main piston the spent gases are expelled through a port, q, communicating with a channel provided The connections are suchy 'be in the center ofits cylinder, so that as the too 2 l even-rs with a valve, s, controlled by a lever, c, operated from any moving part of the engine.

To regulate the speed or power of the engine I provide a governing device whereby the sucking or drawing action of `the piston E is reduced in proportion as the speed of the engine increases. leffect this by circulating the gases from end to end of the cylinder D when the speed becomes excessive, thereby reducing the indrawing power of the piston. Different means may be employed for effecting this result. I have shown a circulating-channel, XV, (dotted lines, Figs. l and 2,) with a valve, Y, connected to or controlled by a governor, H, driven by the engine, the connections being such that the valve Y closes the channel until the engine exceeds its normal speed, when, in proportion to such increase, the channel will be opened and a portion of the gases transferred to the front end ot' thc cylinder D, thereby reducing the amount of air and gas vdrawn into the latter and weakening the charge until the speed of the engine is reduced to the desired extent.

As the gases exhausted from the main cylinder of a'gas-engine are always at a high temperature, there is ordinarily a great waste of heat, which heat l utilize by conducting said gases to a boiler, radiator, or other apparatus whereby the heat may be advantageously emp loyed. A most effective utilization of the gases in a gas-engine is one whereby the said gases may be made the means of impartingto said gas-engine the initial movements. Thus the heated waste gases from the cylinder A may pass through the lines of a steam-boiler, I, by which movement is imparted to a steamengine, J, operating upon arms .K K, swinging freely on the shaft C, and carrying pawls 8 8,

said shaft.

When a cock, I?, in the pipe Q is turned and steam admitted t0 the engine J the shaft C will he rotated, and movement will be imparted to the gas-engine until, after the first explosion, Vit will continue its operations, when the further rotations of the shaft C will continue without imparting movement to the steam-engine.

The valve p may be provided with a pulley, M, for receiving the hand-rope t, extending to an elevator-cage or other apparatus ata dis- A tance.

I am aware that it has been proposed to use the heated gases generated during the explosion in gas-engines to start the engines, and this I do not claim; and I am also aware that such gases have been injected into water to create a vapor to operate an auxiliary engine connected to the main engine. My invention is distinguished from these by the fact that the hot gases are exhausted directly through the tubes of a boiler without back-pressure, and that as only the heat of the gases is employed no loss vof power results from their sudden condensation.

I do not abandon or dedicate to the public any patentable features set forth herein and not hereinafterclaimed, but reserve the right to. claim the same either in a reissue of any patent that may be granted upon this application or in other applications for Letters Patent that I may make.

I therefore claim- 1. The combination, in a gas-engine, of the main cylinder A and an independent compression-cylinder of greater area, and pistons and connections whereby the compression-piston is brought to the end of its stroke after the main piston begins its forward movement, and passages and valve arranged as described, whereby the connection is closed between the two cylinders prior to the explosion, substantially as set forth.

2. Ina gas-engine, a compression-cylinder provided with gas and air receiving openings at one end, communicating with the workingcylinder at the other, and provided with a channel for transferring the gases from one'side of the piston to the other, whereby theirthorough mixture is insured before the charge is ex-v pelled, substantially as set forth.

3. rlhe combination of the main' and com- Y' pression cylinders, communicating and igniting ports, and check-valve f, all arranged so that the communicating port will be'closed by the compression-piston before theigniting-port.

ed with a piston, E, having a passage closed by a check-valve and a port, t', extendingto the end and side of the piston, substantially as set forth.

5. The compression-cylinder E, provided with a circulating passage, a valvein said passage, and connections for operating the valve by the varying speed of the engine, an'd air and gas inlets, substantially as set forth.

6. rlhecombinationof a gasengine in which the piston is propelled by the explosion ot' gases, a boiler having tubes through which the evans w. BALDWIN.

In presence of GEORGE P. Fisrrea, J r., W. W. ELLIo'rT.

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