US274576A - Transmitting-telephone - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

T. A, EDISON.

TRANSMITTING TELEPHONE.

No. 274,576. Patented Mar.27,1888.

N. PETERS. Pvweoulha nplm, Wnh n tm D11 UNITED STATES PATENT FMCE TRANSMITTING-TELEPHONE.

SE'EGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,576, dated March .27, 1883.

Application filed October 6, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS ALVA Emson, of Menlo Park, in the State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Transmitting-Telephones, (Case No.159 of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of my application filed November 18, 1878, No. 159, and said division is made for the purpose of separating from the said original application the different features of invention into three additional applications. The present 1 term Case No. 159

In my application No. 130, heretofore filed, the circuit passes through plumbago or similar material, and the diaphragm that is acted upon by the sound-waves serves to vary the electric tension by the extent of surface contact.

In my Case No. 151, patented April 30, 1878, No. 203,016, I have shown an induction-coil with primary and secondary circuits and receiving and transmitting telephones. A carbon button in a circuit and acted upon by the diaphragm is shown in my said (Jase 151 and also in Case 141. These are not therefore claimed herein.

In my present improvement 1 make use of a surface or surfaces having numerous points produced by scores or fine linesacross the surface, preferably about at right angles to each other, and this surface or surfaces are in the electric circuit and combined with the diaphragm, so that the movement given to the diaphragm by the sound-waves will produce greater or less intimacy of contact at the scored surface and a consequent rise and fall of electric tension. I also combine with a button of carbon or equivalent material in one circuit an electro-magnet in another circuit, the armature of which varies the pressure upon such carbon or other finely-divided, material, and by this means repeats the telephonic pulsations. I also construct the telephonic receiver in a peculiar manner to prevent injury by undue currents, such as from lightning, and so that the diaphragms and cores will be polarized by induction, and the line-current will act in two helices to vary the magnetism.

In the drawings, the diagram Figure 1 represents the transmitting, receiving, and repeating instruments, the instruments at X being at one station and the instruments at G being at the repeatin g-station. Fi g. 2 is a detached view of amodification of the repeating- 5 5 instrument, and Fig. 3 is a face view of the tension-regulator. formed by a surface scored' with numerous lines.

The telephonic transmitter A is made with against which the sound acts to vibrate the same. i

The plate a is in the bottom of a vulcani te cup or holder, 20, and can be adjusted nearer to or farther from the diaphragm c by the 6 screw 21.

The tension'regulating device ,1 is between the plate 6 and the second plate, a, the wires 10 and 12 of the circuit to the battery B con necting, so that the circuit passes through 76 these plates and theintervening tension-regulator. The tension-regulating device is composed of two contiguous surfaces, one or both of which are scored with numerous fine lines,s0 as to produce a great number of contact-points. 5 By adjusting the screw 2i the initial pressure can be regulated, and. the vibrations of the diaphragm due to the action of sounds will vary the pressure and the extent of surface contact, so as to produce rise and fall of tension in the circuit by bringing more or less of the points on the surface or surfaces into contact.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the surface scored as aforesaid, and it is to be understood that 8 the scoring is to be of the requisite fineness, preferably several thousand to the inch.

In the instrument A, Fig. l, the tension-reg ulatoris composed of a strip of platina scored by lines of ruling at right angles, and folded, 9c with a piece of felt, rubber, or similar material within the fold, and the scored surfaces in contact with the'plates a and 6, respectively. Several layers of foil ruled as aforesaid may be placed together, if desired, to obtain great re- 9. 'sistance and variation in the electric tension of. the circuit. The foil ruled as aforesaid is believed to operate in the circuit in a similar manner to acarbon button. Between the diaphragm c and plate a there is a short section I of a tube, 6, to form a central hearing.

The inductorium I has its primary included a case containing the diaphragm or plate 0, 6o

in the circuit to the battery B and tensionregulator and its secondary to the line and ground. The receiving-telephone R is placed in the line-circuit passingthrough the secondary of the inductorinm. At the receivinginstrument B there is a permanent magnet, H, and upon one pole there is a bar, 23, forming at its ends the cores for the helices 3 and 4, that are in the line-circuit; and upon the other pole of the magnet H there is a bar, 24, that is connected at its ends to the diaphragms d I. These diaphragms hence are polarized by induction, and are of one polarity-say south- While the cores 3 and 4 are polarized north by induction. Flexible tubes m, with ear-pieces, are connected to the chambers or cases holding the diaphragms d (1, so that the sound is conveyed to the cars. This apparatus is not liable to become demagnetized, because any currentwhich passes through the helices 3 and 4 acts to increase the induced magnetism at one end of the bar 23 in proportion as it tends to decrease the induced magnetism in the other end. Thus there will be no tendency to injure the permanent magnet H; but the telephonic current will cause the diaphragms to respond by the change of magnetism in the cores adjacent to the diaphragms.

The repeating-instrument at the station" G contains an electro-magnet, B the helix of which is in the main-line circuit. Its core is adjacent to an iron plate or armature, andthe variation of the magnetism resulting from the action of the current in the main line increases and decreases the pressure upon a button of carbon, 9, or similar material forming the tension-regulator in a second electric circuit. I have shown the local circuit from the battery B as passing to the platef at one side of the circuit-regulator g and to the adjusting device of the plate It at the other side of the carbon or similar material; and in this local circuit is the primary ofthe indnctorium 1 the second ary of which is in the line P, to the distant receiving-instrument. I prefer to connect the core of the electro-magnet B to one pole of the permanent magnet A, so that it may be polarized by induction, and hence the line-current will increase or decrease the magnetism of the core of B The armature-plate of the magnet B is shown upon a lever, 0, having a fulcrum at 0, and the spring at (1 which should be adjustable, serves to apply an initial pressure to the tension-regulator g, and I prefer to use a short cylinder, 6,'between the armatureplate and the disk f, to insure a central bearing on the tension-regulator. When an electric wave from the distant station varies the power of the magnet B the pressure upon the tension-regulator g is decreased or increased, and the primary current from B acts in the inductorium to translate or reproduce on the second line, 1?, currents corresponding or proportionate to those sent from the instrument A. The receiving-telephone, being in the main line, responds to the electric waves transmitted by the inductoriu'm as the resistance in the primaryof the inductorium is varied by the that act as a tension-regulator for the trans lating or repeating circuit that passes through the lever S and diaphragm C hence the rise and fall of electric tension in the repeatingcircuit will result from the vibrations of the diaphragm, producing moreor less pressure and intimacy of contact in the tension-regulator at 14 15, the initial pressure being determined by the proximity of the magnet H to the lever S. 7

It will be observed that in my telephone-instruments I provide an electric tension-regulator having an extended surface, in contradistinction to a point or small hearing such as shown in my application No. 141, and instead of the electric tension -regulator coming directly into contact with the diaphragm, as in my .application No. 130, I combine with the electric tensionrregulating device an intermediate bearing having a small contact with the diaphragm and the required extent of surface against the tension-regulator. T'nis bearing is non-elastic to transfer more positively to the tension-regulator the tremulous movements of the diaphragm, as distinguished from the yielding material, such as cork or rubber, as shown in myPatentNo.203,0l6. If the current passes through this non-elastic bearing-piece, as at A, the same is to be of metal or other good conductor.

Certain of the'devices shown herein are not claimed, as they form the subject of other applications. I claim as my invention-- 1. In a telephonic transmitter, the combina tion, with the diaphragm, of one or more metallic plates the surface or surfaces of which are scored with numerous fine lines to form a tension-regulator in an electric circuit, substantially asset forth.

2. In a telephonic transmitter, the combina tion, with the diaphragm and the electric circuit, of. two contiguous surfaces, one of which is scored with numerous fine lines to form a tension-regulator, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the diaphragm in a telephonic transmitter, of a tension-regulator, a metallic surface at each side of the same, and a central bearing between the dia phragm and one of the metallic surfaces that inclose the tension-regulator, substantially as set forth.

4. In a speaking-telephone, the combination, with the diaphragm and the tension-regulator,

vice to regulate the initial pressure upon the tension-regulator and against the diaphragm, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, in a telephone-instrw ment, of a diaphragm the edges of which are clamped in a case and a mouth-piece, a tensionregulator, a cup or recess for the same, a nonelastic plate between the tension regulator and the diaphragm, and a non-elastic bearing against said diaphragm, substantially as set forth.

THOMAS A. EDISON.

Witnesses Gno. T. PINGKNEY, HAROLD SERRELL.

Signed by me this 30th day of March, A. D. 5

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