US2734772A

US2734772A - Fuel atomizer

Info

Publication number: US2734772A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1956-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1973-02-14

Description

Feb. 14, 1956 w. BAIER ET AL FUEL ATOMIZER Filed March 17, 1953 FIG. 3

INVEN'T'OES Walter Bauer and Robert Yon Linda Aftorn ey United States Patent C ce FUEL ATOMIZER Walter Baier, Stockdorf, near Munich, and Robert von Linde, Planegg, near Munich, Germany, assignors to Wilhelm Baier K. G., Stockdorf, near Munich, Germany, a firm Application March 17, 1953, Serial No. 342,920 Claims priority, application Germany March 18, 1952 11 Claims. (Cl. 299-63) The invention relates to a fuel atomiser such as is used particularly for heating appliances for motor vehicles. The atomisers hitherto known for such purposes consist of a mantle in the shape of a truncated cone suitably mounted on a shaft with a disc arranged in front of it. The fuel was applied from the rear on to the mantle of the truncated cone and from there it passed by centrifugal force up to the edge of the mantle of the truncated cone whence it was sprayed off, atomised and intimately mixed with the combustion air supplied. These atomisers operate quite satisfactorily with heavy motor fuel such as diesel oil, but are not suitable for lighter internal combustion engine fuel, particularly petrol. Moreover these known atomisers have a tendency to blow back in spite of the disc arranged in front of them. Furthermore the distribution of the fuel is not so fine as would be desirable.

The fuel atomiser according to the present invention comprises another frusto-conical member converging in the direction towards the fuel supply and a disc arranged in front of said outer frusto-conical member which is provided at its narrower end with an inturned edge and surrounds a second or inner frusto-conical member converging in the opposite direction, with the edge of its wider end located within the inturned edge of the outer member. When fuel is supplied to the inner frustoconical member it flows back along said mantle into the turned in edge of the outer frusto-conical member and proceeds from there to the gap between the outer member and the disc. For the journalling of both frustoconical members a holder .disc or support is provided which is connected for example at three points to the outer frusto-conical member and leaves a small clearance there-between for the passage of the fuel flowing along the outer frusto-conical member. As a cover plate preferably a unit composed of several discs is used in the atomiser according to the present invention at least the outer discs being chromium plated and burnished for better heat radiation. Between the individual discs a certain spacing is maintained by means of appropriate protuberances or distance pieces.

In order to prevent any blow-backs into the atomiser particularly when using petrol, a safety grid is arranged between the disc and the holder of the frusto-conical members. Moreover for the purpose of better air supply, apertures may be provided in the holder of the frusto-conical membersin the immediate proximity of the atomiser hub. For a better cooling of the atomiser a tubular protective shield is arranged around the outer frusto-conical member and provided with air passages.

In the accompanying drawings inwhich one particular embodiment of an atomiser according to the invention is illustrated by way of example,

Figure l is a longitudinal section through the atomiser,

Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof with the cover plate removed, and

Figure 3 is a plan view of a disc of the complete cover plate arrangement with the outer disc thereof removed.

2,734,772 Patented Feb. 14, 1956 Referring to these drawings the shaft 1 carries a hub 2 which is fixedly connected tothe shaft and rotates with it. Integral with this hub 2 is a support 3 for an outer truncated conical member 4 and an inner truncated con- I ical mantle 5. The truncated cone member 4 as will be seen particularly in Figure 2, is fixedly connected at 6, by riveting or spot welding, with the support 3, narrow arcuate passages 7 being left for the flow of the fuel between the truncated cone member 4 and support 3. The support 3 and the truncated cone member 5 are preferably provided with apertures 8 for the passage of the combustion air. The outer truncated cone member 4 is provided with an inturned or beaded edge 9 which embraces edge 10 of the inner truncated cone member 5 attached to the support 3 at 11 and embracing with its innermost portion 12 of the hub 2 of the support 3. The direction of flow of the fuel is indicated in Figure l by arrows. The fuel issuing from fuel feed pipe 22 enters the inner truncated cone member 5 and, due to centrifugal force flows out to its outer edge 10 where it is thrown off in the form of a spray. Still acted on by centrifugal force the fuel is deposited on the inner surface of the outer truncated cone 4 and proceeds to the arcuate passages 7 from where it emerges radially and mixes intimately with the combustion air supplied through the apertures 8 as indicated by the dotted line arrows. The hub member 3 is welded to the support 3 and threadably secured on the screw-threaded forward end of shaft 1.

The passages 7 are of relatively narrow dimension so as to prevent any blow-backs of the flame to the point of fuel supply. The labyrinth-shaped path of the fuel contributes to preventing any blow-backs of the flame. As an additional safeguard a safety grid 13 may be arranged in front of the support 3. On the front end of the shaft 1 a plate assembly 15, which in the present embodiment consists of four discs is attached to the shaft 1 by means of a screw 14. The outer disc 16 is constructed full and without apertures; Behind the disc 16 are two discs 17 (illustrated separately in Fig. 3) provided with vent holes 18. On opposite sides of discs 17 are the disc 16, and disc 16, respectively, the latter having vent holes and inturned peripheral edges 23 which meet to inclosediscs 17. It should be noted that on assembly the vent holes of one disc are offset relative to those of another disc so that there is no direct passage available for a blow-back of the flame. In order to keep the individual discs spaced from one another protuberances or distance pieces 19 are provided.

Around the outer cone member 4 a protective shield 20 is mounted, said shield being fixed 'to the outer cone member 4 by means of embossed lugs 21.

Thisv protective shield 20 protects the outer cone 4 from the radiated heat of the combustion of flame, and passes part of the combustion air supplied through the space between the protective shield 20 and the outer cone 4 as indicated by the arrows shown in dot and dash lines, so that the outer cone 4 is subjected to cooling.

What we claim is:

1. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft,'a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to ,be

atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centritugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end.

- 2. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of saidshaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced'points, an inner frusto-conical member held' on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly'towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from thenarrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, the narrow end of said outer member being intu'rned around said inner member to form an annular cup.

3'. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid'fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is'adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, openings in said inner member for the passage of air for combustion to said wide end.

4. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery'at spaced points,

an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said'passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, an annular protective shield surrounding said outer member and spaced therefrom.

5. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming apassageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passagewayincreasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said out'er member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel'at said wide end, an annular-protective shield surrounding 4 said outer member and spaced therefrom and a passage for air in said space.

6; A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on .said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member-held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end ofsaid shaft and? said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaftand terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer membersforming a passageway for said fuelwhich is adapted to be atomized atthe wide end of said inner member by centrit'ugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the" wide end ofsaid outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, a transverse grid held in said support to prevent blow-backs of flame. V

7. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a Wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to-be atomized atthe Wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, at least one protective disk attached to said shaft end, the periphery of said disk terminating adjacent to said wide end of said outer member. i

8. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said endof said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end at said wide end, a plurality of spaced parallel disks at-' tached to said shaft end, the periphery of said disk terminating adjacent to said wide end of said outer member.

9. A burner of the'rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, 2. support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardlytowards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members'forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and

said shaft end, the periphery of said disc terminating adjacent to said wide end of said outer member, and a plurality of vent holes in said disk.

10. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frusto-conical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical member held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, an annular protective shield surrounding said outer member and spaced therefrom and a passage for air in said space, said space being narrowest at said wide end of said outer member.

11. A burner of the rotary type for atomized liquid fuel comprising a shaft, a support having a body and a 6 periphery fixed on one end of said shaft, an outer frustoconical member held on said periphery at spaced points, an inner frusto-conical men'iber held on said body, said members each having a narrow and a wide end, said outer member flaring outwardly towards said end of said shaft and said inner member flaring away from said end of said shaft and terminating adjacent to the narrow end of said outer member, means for feeding liquid fuel into said inner member, said inner and outer members forming a passageway for said fuel which is adapted to be atomized at the wide end of said inner member by centrifugal force, said passageway increasing in width from the narrow to the wide end of said outer member, and means for mixing air for combustion with said fuel at said wide end, said support being dish-shaped and forming one wall of said passageway with said inner member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,369,216 Crisp Feb. 13, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS 500,400 Great Britain Feb. 8, 1939