US2734231A

US2734231A - Combing machine

Info

Publication number: US2734231A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1956-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1973-02-14

Description

Feb. 14, 1956 A. BOER COMBING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. 24, 1954 Feb. 14, 1956 A. BOER COMBING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 24. 1954 INVENTOR. 4 EN,

United States Patent O 2,734,231 CDMBING MACHINE Arpad B oer, Buenos Aires, Argentina, assignor to Briilotex Argentina S. A., Buenos Aires, Argentina, a corporation E Argentina Application November 24, 1954, Serial N0. 47 0,911

4 Claims. (Cl. 19-128) This machine comprises. a series of pairs of rollers with overlapping prongs for positive feeding of the wool or other fibres from one end of the machine to the other, successive pairs of rollers having prongs of successively decreasing length and rotating at successively increasing speeds, forming a speed gradient from low to, high in the direction of movement of theiibres which upon discharge from the machine are in separated conditionl ready for use in any desired manner.

Thus, the operation is effective and rapid in its action, Without adversely affecting the wool, as the stretching, being moderate due to the dilerential action, yields under the repeated effect in the diierent traction movements.

The manner in which the pronged rollers operate is important, since they cover a considerable width, thus enabling they reception of wool fleece in carpet form and effecting libre separation which increases the bre volume in relation to the speed. The progress of the separation of the libres is such that when the machine discharges the material at its outlet, it presents the characteristics of a veil, the operations being elected with the removal of foreign bodies, for, when the filaments are set free, they lose the power to-retain those foreign bodiesv which are lodged in the wool.

A preferred form of combing machine has been illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a general lateral view of the machine, showing the series of pairs of rollers which are driven by a transmission with differential speed means for driving each succeeding pair of rolls at a higher speed, in such a manner that the wool is separated when passing from one roller to the next, due to stretching and combing actions;

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the assembly of the rollers, and

Fig. 3 is a detail of part of the series of pronged rollers graphically demonstrating the manner in which a separation of the bres is progressively obtained.

As may be seen in the drawings, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i, are the sets of rollers which, arranged in series, forni the combing machine, the entrance to which is controlled by a conveyor belt 1 which carries the wool to the rst set a, whilst at its outlet, the machine is provided with a single pronged roller 2 which is disposed at the unloading point of the last rollers z'. Roller 2 discharges the wool on a conveyor belt 3 which is provided with a dome-shaped cover 4 so as to avoid the llying of the wool fibres discharged by the device.

All sets of rollers are formed in pairs, with their respective axes driven by a transmission and arranged in such manner that the rollers of each pair operate in an opposite rotational sense.

Each roller is provided with a plurality of prongs 5,

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2 which are preferably radial, and, as may be appreciated, said prongs donot atl any time make contact between rollers but are projected into the spaces between prongs of the opposite roller. This projecting disposition of the prongs 5 not only occurs between theA rollers of each pair, but the prongs of the rollers` of one pair overlap those of the subsequent pair, Without there being any contact between the prongs of one roller with respect to the next.

The prongs of the first pair of rollers a are of greater.

radial length than those of the next pair of rollers b,whilst those of the third pair cv areslightly smaller than those of the second pair b,y and thus successively throughout the whole series of pairs. The prongs also decrease in length gradually, in such a manner that the prongs of the last pair or set z' are those ofy least radial length.

The pair of rollers a has a very moderate rotational speed, say about l0 revolutions per minute; the pair of rollers b has a speed somewhat greater thanthat of rollers a; the pair of rollersc has a greater speed than rollers b; the pair of rollers d has a greater speed than rollers c; the pair of rollers e has a greater speedA than the rollersv d; the pair of rollers f has agreater speed than those of e; the pair of rollersg has a greater speed than rollers. f; the pair of rollers h has a greater speed than rollers g and the pair of rollers has a greater speed than rollers. h. Furthermore, the progressive increase in speed of the succeeding pairs of rollers is arranged so as to permit the passage of fibres from rollers i to roller V2r which is rotating at high speed. Thus, for instance, the pair of rollers i rotates at revolutions peryminute, vwhereas the roller 2 rotates at a speed several times greater, i. ye., about 60,0, revolutions per minute.

This meansvthat the series ofpairs of rollers increase their speed gradually toward the discharge end of the machine in relation t0 roller 2.

Since the rollers` of each pair rotate in opposite directions,.in the partwhere the. prongs. arey xed there is a passage for the' wool 6 which is. carried from one pair of rollers to the next by means of the prongs.

As the rollers rotate, the prongs tend to carry the wool around with them but, due to ther fact that the prongsof the subsequenty rollers overlap those of the preceding ones, as a result ofthe rotational sense, this annuls the tendency of carrying the wool around and, in fact, forces the wool to run through a general passageway-between the twol rows of rollers which form thev series. This may be -graphically seen in Fig. 1 which shows schematically how the belt 1 feeds wool 6 to the rst set of rollers a and set b carries the material towards the intermediate running plane; thus successively through all the subsequent rollers, which help to correct directional deviations of the wool, until reaching roller 2, the prongs of which, rotating at high speed, eject the wool onto the conveyor outlet belt 3.

Due to the existing differential progressive speeds, as shown in Fig. 3, the pair of rollers which forces the wool along by the angular displacement of its prongs, passes the material to the prongs of the following pair of rollers which, being speedier, detaches the wool which is still passing through the preceding rollers; thus every fleece of wool running, for example, through the rst pair a, passes to the second pair b which due to its greater speed produces a kind of subtraction, forcing the unloosening of the bodies which drop between the lirst pair of rollers; and the same occurs with rollers b which pass the material to rollers c, which by a still greater speed produces further bre separation and unloosening. The wool, as it proceeds in its course, is being subjected to a progressive libre separation, so that when reaching the last pair of rollers it is no longer present as lleece, but as lilaments or fibres separated from one another, practically forming a veil which, on arrival at the last unitary roller 2, is opened even more, as the high speed causes a scattering of the fibres in order to again unite them on the conveyor belt 3, where they assume the characteristic of a thin veil.

In the initial run, when the wool 6 is transferred to the first pair of rollers a its thickness is greater as it is formed by fleece; that is why the rst rollers possess a greater length of prongs 5, and, as it is progressively separated, the wool forms a lighter carpet and its thickness is reduced, and in proportion the radial length of prongs S is also reduced. These as stated, form a diminishing gradient from the first set of rollers a to the last set of rollers i. The machine is provided with a cover 7 forwardly of the dome-shaped cover 4, whilst in the lower part of the machine there is a receptacle S with a collector 9 provided with a conveyor 10.

' When the wool is opened and separated, the solid bodies i lose their hold, and, as a result of the agitation by the rollers due to their progressive increase of speed, said solid bodies fall into receptacle 8, converging in collector 9 in order to bc eliminated by conveyor 10; this means that not only a perfect combing of wool is obtained, but also a certain cleaning and removal of adherent dirt and other foreign matter.

In certain cases, apart from the difference of speed of one pair of rollers to the other, these may also be made to rotate at different speeds as between the two rollers of each pair, in order that the wool may undergo alteration in each pair of rollers whilst passing to the next pair of rollers. y

In carrying out the present invention, modifications may be introduced in details of construction or form of the described device, without departing from the invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

l. A combing machine comprising a series of pairs of rollers provided with outwardly extending prongs, the rollers of each pair having like prongs and the prongs of successive pairs decreasing in length from one end of the machine to the other, the prongs of the rollers of each pair overlapping so that the orbits of the points of the prongs of one roller are secants with relation to the orbits of the points of the prongs of the other roller of the pair, and the points of the prongs of each roller also having orbits intersecting the points of the prongs of the corresponding roller of each adjacent pair, all rollers being driven by a transmission with differential speed means for driving each succeeding pair at a higher speed than the preceding pair, forming in the series a speed gradient from low to high in the direction of decreasing prong lengths.

2. A combing machine in accordance with claim l, in which the rollers of each pair of rollers are mounted to rotate at the same speed.

3. A combing machine comprising a series of pairs of rollers provided with outwardly extending prongs, the rollers of each pair having like prongs and the prongs of successive pairs decreasing in length from one end of the machine to the other, the prongs of the rollers of each pair overlapping so that the orbits "of the points of the prongs of one roller are secants with relation to the orbits of the points of the prongs of the other roller of the pair, and the points of the prongs of each roller also intersecting the orbits of the points of the prongs of the corresponding roller of each adjacent pair, a single pronged roller beyond the last pair of rollers of the series arranged to constitute a discharge element for combed fibres, all rollers being driven by a transmission with differential speed means for driving each succeeding pair at a higher speed than the preceding pair, forming in the series a speed gradient from low to high in the direction of decreasing prong lengths, the said single discharge roller being also coupled to a transmission to rotate at a speed several times higher than that of the last pair of rollers so that it is capable of releasing and discharging combed libres.

4. A combing machine comprising a series of pairs of rollers provided with outwardly extending prongs, the rollers of each pair having like prongs and the prongs of successive pairs decreasing in length from one end of the machine to the other, the prongs of the rollers of each pair overlapping so that the orbits of the points of the prongs of one roller are secants with relation to the orbits of the points of the prongs of the other roller of the pair, and the points of the prongs of each roller also intersecting the orbits ofthe points of the prongs of the corresponding roller of each adjacent pair, a single pronged roller beyond the last pair of rollers of the series arranged to constitute a discharge element for combed fibres, all rollers being driven by a transmission with diterential speed means for driving each succeeding pair at a higher speed than the preceding pair, forming in the series a speed gradient from low to high in the direction of decreasing l prong lengths, the said single discharge roller being also References Cited inthe file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,323,885 McBride Dec. 2, 1919