US272307A - Steam-engine governor - Google Patents

Description

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STEAM ENGINE EovEEEoE. v

Nogmovj Y Patented 1165.13.1883.

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J. W. NYSTRM. 'STEAM ENGINE GOVERNOR.

(No Model.)

No.V 272,307. Patented 11610.13; 188s.

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y UNITED STATES PArtENT Gerlos..

JOHN W..NYSTROM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-ENGINE GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION Vforming part of Letters Patent No. 272,307, dated February 13, 1883,

' Application filed August 28, 1882. (No model.)

To a-ll whom it may concern Be it known that I, J onN W. NYSTROM, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Steam Engines, by which more or less steam can be regulated into the steam-cylinder, according toirregularities ot'theload,while the engine runs with a nearly uniform velocity.

The following specification, with the accompanying two drawings, is a full explanation of my invention.

The ordinary pendulum or centrifugal governors must be run with higher or lower speed' for admitting less or more steam into the cylinder, but my improved governor admits more or less steam while runningu at the' same speed, which potency makes it isochronous; but I have named it screw-governor.7 v Figure l represents a vertical section through the axis of rotation, showing the internal arrangement of the screw-governor. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section through the dotted line A B, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 i-s a horizontal section through the line C D. Figs.'4 and 5 show how to set the governor for regulating different speeds.

As represented on the drawings, the screwgovernor is rotated by a rope, lt, over a pulley, P; but the rotation can also be accomplished by bevel-wheels like in the ordinary centrifugal governors. The rope R rotates only the sleeve E, which is fixed to the pulley, and the screw-spindle S, on which are fixed the arms F and vanes G, is rotated b v the inclined helicoidal surfaces of the screw S. The

screw, as represented on the drawings, is four` threaded, and the helicoidal surfaces form an angle of about forty-five degrees with the axis of the screw. The wings or vanes G are made heavy, of solid metal, for the purpose of serv- ,ing as a fly-wheel in storing discharging energy when regulating steam to the cylinder. The number of vanos should be two, three, or four; but they need not be round plane disks, as shown on the drawings, for concave surfaces toward the direction of motion will increase the resistance of the air. Light vanes xed on a iy-wheel would answer the same purpose. The vanes are placed on the arms so as to -be set at any desired angle, if such should Y be considered expedient; but they can also be made solid with the arms. Y

When the governor is in motion the resistance of the air to the revolving vanes tends to .raise the screw, which tendency is counteracted by the weight of the system, which tends to lower the screw, and thus the system G F S is balanced between two opposing forces when run at a proper uniform speed; but the moment the speed changes one of the oppos- E, is driven faster than the normal speed, it

will screw up the system Gr F S,`by which less steam is admitted to the cylinder; and when run slower than the normal speed the screw vwill descend and admit more steam by suitable connections with' the throttle-valve or valve-gear.

The universal joint shown in Fig. 3, with the lever H, operates the rod I, which is connected either to a throttle-valve orto the valvegear for changing the grade of expansion as required by the load. The throttle-valve can also be connected direct to the center spindle, S, and the screw-governor mounted on the valve-head, like in the ordinary centrifugal governors. The spring K is connected to the lever H by the link L for the purpose of regulatingthe proper speed of the engine, which can be accomplished while the system is in motion vby making the spring to push or pull.

more or'less on the lever, so as to make it act either with or against the weight ofthe system G F S. This action of the spring Kis equivalent to increasing or diminishing the Weight of theY system G F S, and when this weight is increased the'vanes, and consequently, also, the engine, must run faster in order to balance the opposing forces on the helicoidal surfaces. When the weight is diminished, by pulling of the spring K, the system must run slower to balance the same forces. The spring K need not havethe form of a spiral, as shown on the drawings, but can be made straight or of any desired curve, or may be made in the form of rco a screw-spiral, applied in any convenient direction for accomplishing the purpose of regulating the speed.

lhe arrangement for setting the springt K so as to act either with or against the weight of the system G F b can be made in a great variety ot' ways, depending also upon what kind of spring' is used. For the spiral spring K, as shown on the drawings, a lever, O, Figs. et and 5. can be placed on the square part of the shaft Q, (indicated by the dotted diagonal lines,) close to where the, spring is fixed, and the other end of the lever extending over a circle-arc, N N, upon which it can be clamped by the setscrew T, or by notches, like the reversing-lever in marine engines. The lever and spring should be so adjusted that when the lever stands on or near halt' the arc, there should he no tension on the spring; when the system G F S stands in the middle of the limited vertical space, it can move. Then, when the, system falls, the spring will act against the weight, and when the system rises, the spring will act with the weight. By setting' the lever O in different positions 011 the circle-arc N N the tension of the spring is made to act with more or less force, either with or against thev weight ot" the system G F S, for the whole vertical space thesystem moves. When the spring is made in the form of a screw-helix its tension can be regulated either by a screw or by a lever.

The oil-cup M is for lubricating the governor i through the holes in the center ofthe spindle, and also the slanting holes in the sleeve, which is readily understood from the drawings. A slight cha-nge oi' speed ot' the engine is necessary for operating the governor; but after the admittance ot' steam is regulated the engine resumes its normal speed, while the governor admits the steam required for the load. For a sudden change of speed of the engine, the momentum ot' the heavy vanes will instantly screw up or down the system G F S, and thus regulate the admittance of steam to suit the load. The system G F S is perfectly isochronous, and is consequently an unstable. regulator; but with the aid ot' the spring K, which action varies with its tension, the combination makes the regulation stable.

I claim as my invention- The combination 4of the varies G, screw-spin dle S, and sprint.` K. so arranged and proportioned that the resistance of air to the vanos when in motion for regulating,r speed balances on helicoidal surfaces the weight ofthe solidly-connected vanes and screw-spindle Iby thc aid of tension of the spring acting by means of suitable mechanism either with or against the weight of said vanesand screw-spindle, substantially as and for the purpose described.

JOHN YV. NYSTROM.

Witnesses:

JAMES S. PHILLIPS, GEO. F. PAYNE.

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