US271922A - Bag-machine - Google Patents

Description

B. F. S-AWYER.

6 Sheets-Sheet 1'..

BAG momma.

Patented Feb 6; 1883.

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B. F.SAWY ER.

BAG MACHINE. No. 271,922. Patented Feb. 6, 1883.-

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13.21". SAW YER.

BAG MACHINE.

No. 271,922. Patented Peb.6,1883.

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B. P. SAWYER.

BAG MACHINE.

No, 271,922. Patented Feb. 1883. 7 9- N. PETERS Mmllilhngnpber, wflmu m n. c.

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B F. SAWYER.

BAG MACHINE.

No. 271,922. Patented Feb. 6,1883.

. WI Efi I UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrsn.

, BENJAMIN F. SAWYER, OF ROME, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN BAG COMPANY, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

BAG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,922, dated February 6, 1883.

Application filed June 24, 1880. (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BEN F. SAWYER, of Rome, in the county of'Floyd, and in the State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useto be easily and cheaply made from paper,

ful Improvements in Bag-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of mymachine from the front. Fig. 2 is a like view of the same from the rear. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the upper side of said machine. Figs. 4 and 5 are elevations of the front and rear ends, respectively, of the same. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the right-hand side of said machine, the driving-pulley being removedso as to show the mechanism employed for operating the folder. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section upon a line passing lengthwise of the machine. Fig. Sis a vertical cross-section of the same upon line as 00 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan view of one of the blank-strips as it leaves the cutting-cylinders. Fig. 10 is a perspective view ot'the same after its edge-laps have been turned inward, and Fig. 11 is a like view of the completed bag.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The design of my invention is to enablebags cloth, 850.; and to this end it consists principally in the method of making bags, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the method of simultaneously forming two or more bags, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, inthe means employed for cutting bag-blanks from a continuouslymoving roll of paper and folding the side flaps of the same, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth. It consists, further, in the means employed for simultaneously cutting and printing the bag-blanks, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown and described.

It consists, further, in the means employed for folding inward the side flaps of the bagblanks, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

I It consists, further, in the means employed for applying an adhesive preparation to the edges and side flaps of the bag-blanks, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, in the combination of the devices employed for cutting the bag-blanks and folding inward their side flaps, substanand described.

It consists, further,in the combination of the devices employed for folding inward the side flaps of the bag-blanks and coating said flaps and the side edges with adhesive preparation, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, finally, in the combination of the and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

In the annexed drawings, A and A represent the sides of the frame of my machine, which parts are connected together at their lower ends by cross-bars B and B, at their rear ends by means of a cross-bar, G, and at and upper edges, by means of a table, D, the whole forming a frame which has a general rectangular form.

Journaled horizontally within suitable bear inders, E and F, which have the same diameters, and are arranged with their peripheries in contact, andsuch point of contact upon a line vertically with the upper face of the table D. The lower cylinder, E, is provided with three or more radial knives or cutters, e, which extend in parallel lines. around nearly onehalf the circumference of said roller, thence obliquely for a short distance, thence circumferentially a distance equal to'the first-named portions, and thence obliquely, in an opposite direction, to their starting-point, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper cylinder, F, has a plain periphery, and within the same are provided groovesf, which correspond in width and depth to the thickness and radial projection of the cutters e, and have such longitudinal shape as to enablethem to receive said cutters, when said cylinders are simultaneously rotated in opposite directions, for which purpose meshing gear-wheels G and H, respectively, havtially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown various parts of the machine, substantially as in front of their longitudinal center,near their ings at the front end of the frame are two cylvided a groove, d, for each set of cutters e,

2 l erases ing the same dimensions, are secured upon the projectingjournals of said cutters E and F.

Above the cylinder F,'within suitable verti cal slots, at and a, is journaled a roller, I, which receives a roll of paper, and is free to rise or fall as the quantity of paper is greater or less, the'peripher'y of said roll of paper being thus kept in contact with the periphery of' upon one edge comes directly opposite to the recess upon the other edge of each. strip.

'Within' the upper face of the table D is prowhich groove has a depth of about one thirty-second of an inch, and a width equal to the width of a strip, K, inside of the lines of its projections k, and is arranged to receive said strip as the latter passes from between the cutting-cylinders.

Extending between the sides A and A',

above the table I are two parallel bars, L, which areconnected together, and from which are suspended metal plates M, which correspondin number to the number of the grooves d, and in horizontal size and shape to' the like features of the same. I Each plate M is formed of thin sheet metal, is suspended centrally at its ends," so as to leave its side edges and central portion free, and is placed with its lower face so near the bottom of its groove d as to leave but little more space between the same than is necessary for the free movement between of one of the strips of paper K. The front end of the table D is inclined slightly downward and forward between the grooves d, while the correspondingends of the plates M are turned slightly upward, so that when the end of a strip, K, passes rearward from" between the cutting-cylinders its body will pass beneath one ofsaid plates within a groove,

d, whileits projections It will pass upward upon the face of said table uponeach side of said groove, the operation causing said projections to have an upward and outward inclination. The projections form the side laps of the bag, and in order that they may be in position for use it is necessarythat each lap should be folded' inward, an operation which is accomplished by the followingdescri'bed mechanism.

Above the bars L is loosely fitted a frame,

- N, upon the lower side of which is provided a number of transverse lugs, n, that extend downward nearly to the plates M, and are each provided with a thin rectangular plate, 0, that has a length substantially the'same as the length of each lap 16. Each of said plates 0 beats lightly upon the table D between the grooves d, and is capable of sliding'over the contiguous edges of two of said plates M, so

that if said frame is caused to move longitudinally, audits movements are properly timed with reference to 'thecutting-cylinders E and F, each'plate will pass beneath one of the said laps Jo and foldthe'saude over upon the upper 'side of the plate M, beneath which is passing the stripK, to which it is attached, at each mo'vementot' said frame. The movements of the folding-frame Nare protllced by means of a cam, P, which is secured upon and revolves with the shaft of the upper cuttingcylinder, F, the'outer face of said cam acting upon a lever, Q, which is pivoted at one end to or upon a bar, It, that is in turn pivoted upon said frame N, while said lever Q is pivoted near its front end within a bearing, q,'that is swiveled at the center of said cam, the arrangement being such as to cause said folding-frame to remain at rest until a lap, 70, upon each strip K is in position for folding, and then moverapidlyin the necessary direction to turn over said lap, afterwhich said frame has another period of rest, followedby a rapid return movement, during which the laps upon the other edge'ot' each sheet are folded. The strips in part by simple contact between said bands and strips, but principally by the pressure caused by said rollers. Were said bands held in contact with the blanks by a slight pressure, as in case the latter was supported by' or upon a flexible endless apron, as has heretofore been done, it would be necessarythat the adhesive preparation should be very thin, in'

order that it might be transferred tosaid blanks, and even then there would be difliculty in coating the paper evenly; but where said blanks and said adhesive-coated stripsare confined between unyielding rollers and are subjected to pressure,the adhesive preparation is forced to combine with and adhere to the paper, and can be applied when very thick an advantage that is material, as less time is required for it to set and dry than when used in a thin, diluted condition. The bands 8 are continuous, and from the rollerS pass upward over two smaller rollers, U, that are journaled aboye the edge of a vat, V, for containing adhesive mixture, and thence downward around a roller, W, that is journaled within said vat, by which arrangement said bands are caused, by the rotation of said roller S, to pass through said vat and become loaded with its adhesive contents, which latter is then transferred to the edges of the paper strips K, as before described. Motion is imparted to the rollers S and T by means of a gear-wheel, X, which is secured upon one of its journals and meshes with a pinion, y, that is secured upon a driving-shaft, Y, which latter is suitably journaled u on the upper side of the frame in rear of said roller. Upon the projecting shaft of each of said rollers is a gear-wheel, Z, which wheels havethe same dimensions, and, meshing to- I, that isjournaled atits endswithin thelower gether, cause-said-rollers .to move with equal velocity in Opposite directions. From the gearwheel X motion is transmitted to-the cuttingcylinders-E and F by means of a gear-wheel, B, that is secured upon the projecting shaft of said cylinder F, and a third gear-wheel, A which is placed between and mesheswith each of said gearsX- and B. i l r J ournaled in rear of the lower roller, T, is a cy1inder,0, which bears against said roller, and is provided with peripheral grooves 0, that coincide with the edges of the strips K, which havejust been coated with an adhesive mixture, the arrangement being such as to cause the central portion of each strip to be confined between said cylinder and roller without interference with its edges. The cylinder 0 is caused to have the same peripheral ve locity as the rollerTby means of a gear-wheel,

'D, which is secured uponthe projecting endof itsshaft and meshes with the gear-wheel Z of said roller, and within the periphery of said cylinder is secured a cutter, 0 that has a serrated edge and extends longitudinally along the same. A corresponding groove, t, is-providedwithin the surface of said roller Tfor the reception of said cutter as said cylinder and roller come into contact at such points.

The operation of the cylinder 0 and roller T is to cut the strips K into lengths suitable for bags, each blank thus severed having upon each edge one of the projections or laps in, and the points of severance being at the ends of such laps. The cutter 0 follows an irregular line, preferably a wave-line, and the ends of the bag-blank have a corresponding shape. The object of such shape is to prevent said ends from coinciding and to render easy the opening of the mouth of the bag, the result being accomplished by causing the projecting portions of one edge to come opposite to the hollow portions of the opposite edge, as seen in Fig.11. Each blank passes downward betweenthe roller T and cutting-cylinder G and is folded together, and its adhesive coated edges pressed together by the following-described means. 4

Directly beneath the roller T is a similar roller, E, which has peripheral contact there with, and is rotated in an opposite direction thereto by means of a gear-wheel, F, that is secured upon the projecting end of one of its journalsand meshes with the gear-wheel Z,

the arrangement being such as to cause the.

posite ends ofwhich are secured upon a shaft,

ends of two hangers, K, whichhangers are pivoted upon the front ends of the side plates, A, the arrangement being such as to enable said shaft I to be swung toward and from the rear end of the machine, with said bars H sliding longitudinally and horizontally within said sloth plate It.

Upon the projecting journal of the roller T is secured a circular plate, t, which is provided upon its outer face with an outward projecting stud, 23 while upon the journal of the cutting-cylinder O is secured a second similar plate, 0 that has upon its inner face an inwardly projecting stud, c Said plate 0 is placed sufficiently outside said plate t to permit their studs to pass freely between their overlapping faces.

Journaled upon the projecting end of the shaft 1 is a bar, L, which extends between the plates t and 0 forward to or slightly beyond the center of said plate t, and is provided upon its rearend with a weight, I, thatis heavier than the portion ofsaid bar in rear of its pivotal bearin g, and causes such portion to be held upward against the hub 23 of said plate 1?.

Within the upper edge of the bar L is a longitudinal notch,which terminates in twovertical shoulders, I and P, that are separated by aspace slightly greater than the distance between the axes of the roller T and cutting-cylinder G, the front one of which shoulders, 1 engages with the stud 25 during the rotation of said cylinder, while the rear shoulder, 6 engages with the stud c as said roller revolves. When a bagblank, passing downward from between the roller T and cutting-cylinder U, reachesa point where its longitudinal center is opposite to the slot g of the plate G, the stud t engages with,

the shoulder l and moves the bar L forward, causing the plate h to pass through said slot and to impinge upon and double the central part of said blank. Theforward motionof the folding-plate h continues until the folded center of the bag-blank is caught between the rollers T and E, at which instant the stud c, moving downward and rearward, bears against the upper edge of the bar L and presses the front end of said bar downward out of engagement with the stud t arresting the further forward movement of said folding-plate. At the instant when the front end of the bar L is re- 7 leased from engagement with the stud t the stud c engages with the shoulder Z and moves said bar and the folding-plate rearward, said stud i being released from such engagement IIO by the engagement of the front end of said bar side flaps upon opposite sides and at opposite with the hub t of the plate t, which prevents said bar from following said stud farther in its upward and rearward movement.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that from the roller the paper passes between cutting-cylinders which separate it into strips which have alternately upon opposite sides laps for forming the side edges of the bag. Said strips next pass beneath devices which fold said laps inward, then be neath elastic bands which coat the edges and laps with adhesive mixture, from thence between cutting devices that out each strip into blanks having suitable length, which blanks are then folded and passed'between rollers which press together the edges coated with adhesive mixture, and complete the bag, the

- operations described being constantly repeatin immediate connection with a paper-mill, as

it is capable of being run at any rate of speed necessary to enable it to work up the paper as it passes from the mill, by which means such paper would I not require handling or storage until ready for the market as completed bags.

In order that the bags made by the machine may be ready for immediate use, it is only necessary that each should have printed upon one side such matter as may be desired,-which result is effected by means of stereotype-plates M, fitted upon or within the periphery of the cutting-cylinder E in such positions as to impinge upon each portion of each strip K intended for a bag-blank, and when properly inked to print upon such blanks the letters composing the printing-surfaces of said plates. When such printing-plates are used within the said cylinder, it is necessary that the upper cylinder, F, should have such portions of its surface as come opposite. to said plates com-' posed of material sufficiently elastic to pre vent injury to the printing-characters.

While it is intended that the machine described shall construct bags from paper, it is equally adapted to the manufacture of bags from cloth.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention, what I claim as new ls 1. The herein-described method of making a paper bag, which consists in longitudinally cutting a continuously-moving web, so as to leave side'flaps upon opposite sides and at opposite ends of the bag-length, then folding in the said flaps as said web advances, then applying an adhesive mixture to said flaps, then folding said he g-lengths transversely,and finally cutting the completed bag from the web, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of devices, substantially as hereinbefore described, whereby there are simultaneously formed from a continuously-moving web two or more bag-lengths, each having ends of their contiguous edges, which side flaps alternate and are out without waste, and are then at one time and by onemotion of mechanism, substantially as described, folded in at one end of each bag-length, and by a reverse motion of such mechanism said side flaps at the opposite ends of the same are folded in, and those upon each end coated with an adhesive mixture, and said bag-lengths folded transversely and the completed bags then cut from the web, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

3. In a machine which makes bags from a continuously-movin g web of paper, rotating cutting devices, which cut the blank so as to leave side flaps upon opposite sides and at opposite ends of the blank, in combination with reciprocating blades, which operate to alternately fold said side flaps inward, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. 4. The cylinder E, provided with radial cutters e, and having its periphery cut away between said cutters to receive printing devices, in combination with the cylinder I, having the peripheral grooves f, said cylinders having peripheral contact, and being arranged to have the impinging portions of their peripheries travel in the same direction and with uniform velocity, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

5. The cutter-cylinder E, provided with radial knives e, and having its periphery cut away between said knives to receive printingsurt'aces of varying sizes, in combination with the platen-cylinder F, substantially as and'for the purpose specified.

6. Thecombination of the table D, provided with the grooves d, the plates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, suspended above, and adapted to reciprocate over said plates M and table D, said plates 0 bein g rigidly connected together, and all moving in the same direction and at the same time, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

7. As a means for. applying an adhesive preparation to the edges of bag-blanks, elastic bands coated or saturated with such preparation,and arranged to pass, with the bagblanks, between two rollers, whereby said bands are pressed upon the edges of said blanks, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In combination with the table D, provided with the grooves d, the plates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, rigidly connected together, suspended above, and

adapted to reciprocate over said plates M and table D, and the cutting-cylinders E and F, provided respectively with radial knives e and grooves f, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In combination with the table D, provided with the grooves d, the plates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, rigidly connected together, suspended above, and adapted to reciprocate over said plates M and table D, the rollers S and T, and the elastic bands s, coateclwith adhesive preparation, and I G, and the folding-plate h, said parts being arranged to pass with the bag-blanks H bearranged to operate in the manner and for the tween said r0lle1's,substantially as and for the purpose substantially as set forth. purpose shown. y In testimony that I'elaim the foregoing I 5 10. The hereinbefore-described machine, in have hereunto set my hand this 4th day of I5 which are combined the cutting-cylinders E 1; May, 1880. i

and F f, the grooved table D,' the stationary -B. F. SAWYER. plates M, the laterally-reciprocating plates 0, WVitnesses: the rollers T and E," the elastic adhesive-liq JAs. EQHUTOHINSON,

1o mid-distributing bands f, the cutting-cylinder VHENRY O. HAZARD.

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