US2717178A

US2717178A - Sprayers

Info

Publication number: US2717178A
Application number: US373745A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nelson F Cornelius
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1953-08-12
Filing date: 1953-08-12
Publication date: 1955-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 1972-09-06

Description

Sept. 6, 1955 N. F. CORNELIUS SPRAYERS' Filed Aug. 1,2, k1953 4 f 1m @www w mu m G cl|5` 9 LF. 3 H 3 w www ww ,awww y Nw@ Y B,

J m 2 7 m f 1 l f new XH@ ////NQ gf/fM/f//f /f United States Patent O SPRAYERS Nelson F. Cornelius, Anoka, Minn.

Application August 12, 1953, Serial No. 373,745 `s claims. (ci. 299-91) The herein disclosed invention relates to sprayers and. particularly to the type fin which a. liquid contained in a receptacle is vforced through a nozzle under pressure to atomize the .same and has .for an object Ito lprovide a sprayer which will not leak or drip during spraying or after the spraying has ceased.

Another object of the invention resides in providing a sprayer in which the ow .of liquid ceases when the pressure 'becomes too low to produce atoinization. t

A still further object of `the ,invention resides 'in constructing the nozzle with a discharge orifice and .in providing a valve at said orifice adapted'to close said orifice.

An object ofthe 'invention resides in providing abody including means forming a passageway between the liquid in said receptacle and sa'id discharge orifice `-and in further providing pump means for drawing the liquid from said receptacle and discharging kit through said passageway 'and korifice under pressure.

Another `object of the invention resides 'in providing pressure responsive means subject to the pressure in said passageway for opening said valve when the pressure in said Apassageway reaches apredetermined value.

A still further vobject of the invention resides in con- -structing the valve with' a movable valve head and in lutilizing as -the pressure responsive means `a piston connected to the valve head and operable in a cylinder subject -to t'hegpressure in said receptacle.

An object ofthe invent-ion Vresides in making the piston suiliciently loose in the cylinder to permit 'the' how of air 'therebetween -and in providing 'a seal at the "end of the cylinder -engageable withithe piston 'to terminate Jflow rbetween the piston -andfcylinder when `the pressure is great enough k-tocause atomizing 'of the liquid.

Other jobjects of the invention residet'in the novel combination and arrangement of parts :andfin the 'details of construction hereinafter illustrated andor described.

Inlthetdrawings:

Fig. lV is I-an elevational sectional view of' la 'sprayer illustrating an embodiment 'of the invention applied thereto.

`is an Ielevational cross sectional -view takeny 'on 'line 12-2-o`f Fig. '-1 anddrawn tota-'greaterscaie Fig. 3 lis a longitudinal isectional view taken ronline -ofFig. 2. f-

The lconstruction disclosed Sin Vthe idrawings consists of a receptacle for fa 'liquid to be -sprayed Land has a neck open 4at .the top Eand lcommunicating 'with the interior-'of guide attached to said body-extends down into said barrel zthe receptacle. A cap secured to the lneck supports a barrel leading to the hottompf L`the receptacle -and lhaving can inlet :closed by fa `check valve whereby the Tliquid in .the receptacle may enter lthe barrel ibut iis' prevented from returning into the receptacle-through tthe ibarrel. A body attached -to .fthefcap is providedtat :its :end with a .nozzle .having adischarge 'orifice encircled .fby ra -conical valve seat. This .nozzle has .a chamber nommunicating with .said orifice and also communicating with .the

interior o'f the Y barrel whereby .liquid entering `theLbari'el 1 may be directed to said or'ice. A plunger slidable in a and serves on .one stroke to draw liquid into the barrel and on vits other stroke to forcibly discharge the liquid under pressure through the orice in said nozzle. In the body is formed a cylinder in which is slidably mounted a piston connected to said valve head. This piston is sub- 'je'ct to the pressure in said chamber and urges the same into the cylinder to withdraw the valve head from engagement with the valve seat when the pressure in the chamber is sufficient to cause spraying of the liquid upon lits discharge from the `orifice. The piston is` loosely mounted in the cylinder to permit air to ow therebetween and back to said receptacle. At the end of the cylinder is a seal engageable with the piston to terminate flow past the piston when the pressure in the nozzle is sufficiently high to produce atomizing of the liquid by the nozzle. A spring acting against said piston and body urges the valve head into closing position. The plunger operating in the barrel is provided with valve means whereby the body may be sealedlwith reference to the receptacle when the device is not in use. kA latching member holds the plunger in its innermost position.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention a receptacle 10 has been shown which may be constructed of .glass or any other suitable material. This receptacle has a lateral wall structure 20 with a bottom 21 connected thereto. Issuing upwardly from the wall structure 20 is a neck 11 which is formed with threads 12 on the exterior thereof. The receptacle 10 is formed with a chamber 13 which extends into the neckk 11 and which is open to the exterior through the upper end of said neck. vA cap 14 closes the receptacle 10 and is provided with a sleeve 15 threaded to screw on the threads -12 .of the receptacle 10.

Mounted in a socket 16 in the upper portion of the cap 14 is a body 17. Screwed into this body is a barrel 18 which extends through an opening 19 in the cap 14 .and `downwardly toward the bottom 21 of the receptacle 10. This barrel is formed intermediate its `end with a groove 22 in which is received a split spring collar 23.

barrel 18 is threaded to screw into threads 26 formed in vthe body 17. When Vthe said barrel is properly screwed into said threads the gasket 24 is compressed and the body- 17 and barrel 18 held in proper position mounted on the cap 14 and in a manner to prevent leakage between said barrel, ,body and cap. v

The body 17 is constructed with a cylindrical portion 27 which ,is-formed .with `threads 28. This cylindrical portion ksupports a nozzle indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 29. Nozzle 29 includes a cap 31 which :has an end wall 32 and a sleeve 30 extending outwardly therefrom. This sleeve is threaded tovscrew upon the threads 28 `on the cylindrical portion 27 of the body 17. :Formed at 'the center of the end Wall 32 of cap 3 1 is ya discharge orifice 33 which is surrounded by a conical valve seat 34. By means of this construction a conical `chamber is formed at the locality of the orifice 33 and communicating therewith. Within the interior of .the'cap 31 is formed a cylindrical surface 35 and an end surface 36. The surface 36 is spaced from the end 37 of the cylindrical portion 27 of body 17. Adjacent surlface 36 is disposed a disc 39 best shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3. This disc fits within the cylindrical surface 35 of cap 32 and ,has a rim 41 which abuts against the Aend 'surface 36 of said cap'. rihe disc 39 is further constructed with an annulus 42 spaced from the rim 41 which extends up to the surface 36. By means of this 4construction an annularchamber 44 `is provided bounded 'by said rim and annulus` entering the chamber 44 within said annulus to enter the chamber 90 in the end wall 32 of cap 31. A strainer 45 held between

gaskets

46 and 47 is clamped in position between the end 37 of the cylindrical portion 27 of body 17 and the disc 39. This strainer forms one chamber 93 between said strainer and disc 39 and another chamber 94 between said strainer and the cylindrical portion 27 of body 17. Chamber 93 communicates with chamber 44 through holes 91 drilled in the disc 39.

Formed in the cylindrical portion 27 of cap 17 is a cylinder 48 and in which is received a piston 49. This piston is connected to a valve stem 51 issuing from a valve head S0. The valve head 50 is adapted to seat against the valve seat 34 and has a pin 52 extending outwardly therefrom and closing the space in the orice 33. The valve stem 51 is guided in a bore 53 formed in the disc 39. The piston 49 has a piston rod 54 issuing outwardly therefrom and in alignment with the valve stem 51 and which is guided for sliding movement in a bore 55 formed in the body 17. A compression coil spring 56 encircling the piston rod 54 engages the piston 49 and a shoulder 57 in the body 17 and urges the valve head 50 into engagement with the valve seat 34. At the inner end of the bore 48 is disposed an annular cornpressible seal 46. This seal is adapted to beengaged by the end of the piston 49 when the valve head 5 0 is in open position. The piston 49 is made sutiiciently loose in the bore 48 so that air may how past said piston and into the space in back of the piston. This forms a bypass around the piston. When the end of the piston reaches the seal 40 flow of air past the same terminates.

Mounted in the body 17 is a guide 58 which is constructed with a threaded flange S9 screwed into the threads 26 of said body and extending in alignment with the barrel 18, ln this guide is slidably mounted a plunger 61 which extends downwardly toward the bottom 0f the barrel 18. This plunger at its lower end is formed with a groove 62 in which is received a split spring collar 63.

t 27 of body 17 communicates with the chamber 77.

This collar prevents the plunger from being withdrawn f rom the guide 58 upon engagement with the lowermost end of the same. The plunger 61 is provided with a knob 64 attached to the protruding end of the same and by means of which said plunger may be reciprocated.

At the lower end of the barrel 1S is provided a check valve 65 which comprises a bushing 66 screwed into threads 67 formed upon the interior of the barrel 18. This bushing has a passageway 68 communicating with the bore 69 of the barrel 18. This passageway is surrounded hy a valve seat 7i on which a ball valve member 72 may seat. A retainer 73 holds the said ball member in operative position. in the body 17 is formed a hole 74 which communicates with the bore 69 of barrel 18 and with the chamber 94 in cap 31. This hole, the bore 69 and the

chambers

94, 93 and 44 form a passageway for bringing the nozzle 29 into communication with chamber 13 in receptacle lit).

Encircling the guide 58 and plunger 61 exteriorly of the body 1? is a sleeve '75 which is received in a socket 76 formed in the body i7. This sleeve is pressed into position and forms an annular chamber 77 encircling the guide 5S. The sleeve 75 is constructed with a shoulder 78 extending inwardly therefrom and against which a gasket 79 is disposed. A follower 81 slidably mounted on the plunger 61 is moved upwardly by means of a compression coil spring 82 to urge said follower against the gasket 79 and form a tight connection between the plunger 61 and the body 17. The plunger 61 tits sutiiciently loosely in the follower 81 so that air may llow past the same from the exterior and into the chamber 77. This construction also permits of slight variations in alignment between the sleeve 75 and the barrel 18 so as to reduce friction between the plunger 61 and follower 81. The chamber 77 communicates with the chamber 13 in receptacle 10 through a passageway 83 which extends through the body 17 and cap 14. Another of the bore 48 in the portion In this manner any leakage past the piston 49 is discharged back into the receptacle 10. Likewise the follower 81 scrapes olf any liquid collected on the plunger 61 and discharges the same back into the chamber 77 from which it Hows through passageway 83 into the chamber in receptacle 10.

Mounted on the plunger 61 and located within a cavity 85 in the knob 64 is a valve head 86. This valve head is adapted to seat against the upper end 87 of the sleeve 75 and to completely close the mechanism carried by the cap 14 from communication with the exterior. A resilient U-shaped wire keeperj88 is pivoted to the cap 14 and is adapted to swing into a depression 89 ou the knob 64 to hold the valve member 86 in engagement with the end 87 of sleeve 75 when the device is not in use.

The use of the invention is obvious. Cap 14 is iirst removed and the chamber 13 in the receptacle 10 filled with the liquid to be sprayed. The cap is then reapplied. Upon swingin'gtfhe keeper` 88 clear of knob 64 the same drops downwardly and rests upon the receptacle 10. Knob 64 may now be manipulated to draw the plunger 61 upwardly. This draws liquid through the passageway 68 and intothe bore 69 of barrel 18, the ball valve member 72 raising to allow ythe passage of the liquid to said bore. At rst small portions of liquid are drawn into bore 69 with each stroke. The air inpassageway 74 and chamber 94 is compressed upon each stroke of the plunger and ows between the'pis'ton 49 and cylinder 48 into the space in said cylinder in back of the piston. As the bore 69 lills with liquid the pressure in the chamber 94 inpassageway 84 at the end nozzle are lilled withrliquid downward movement of the plunger 61Y causes the liquid to be forced through the hole 74 and into chamber 44 through chamber 94, the vstrainer 4S, chamber 93 andthe holes'91 vin disc 39.

When the pressure chamber 9K4 is sufficient, piston 49 is forced inwardly and into engagement with seat 40 and the valvelhead S0 unseated from the seat 34 and the pin 52 withdrawn from the orifice 33. The liquid is then free to pass into chamber andin passing through the grooves 43 is given a swirling motion causing it to be yatomized and discharged from the orifice 43 in a line mist or spray. When the plunger 61 reaches its lowermost positionthe pressure in the chamber 44 decreases and as soon as the pressure is insufficient to atomize the liquid, spring 56 urges the valve head A5() into closing position and shuts oi the'ilow of liquid through orifice 43.v At

Vthe same timefthe pin S2 clears the said orilice of any dirtrwhich mighthave lodged in the same thus Vcleaning the orifice for the next stroke of the plunger 61. At each stroke of the plunger a mist of atomzed liquid is c sprayed from the nozzle 29 and at the end of the spraying the llow of liquid is rapidly shut olf. This prevents dripping or leakage of the liquid from the nozzlewhen the spraying ceases. As the liquid is removed from the receptacle 10the same is replaced by air entering the chamber 77 through the space between the follower 81 land piston 61. This inward liow of air sucks back any liquid which may have leakedrpast said follower and discharges it intochamber 77 where it may flow back into chamber 13 of receptacle 10 through passageway 83.

Upon completion of the spraying the knob 64 is pressed downwardly until the valvehead 86 engages the end 87 of sleeve 75 and closes communication between the chamtion between the nozzle oriice and the receptacle clears the orilice so that the same is fully open for the next discharge of lluid liquid therefrom. Any liquid which may leak past the piston is drained by gravity back into the receptacle. With my invention it becomes unnecessary to place the receptacle under pressure, the pressure being coniined to the barrel and nozzle which may be suiiiciently rigidly constructed to withstand the strain produced thereby. When the plunger is in its lowermost position and locked in place leakage or evaporation of the liquid is completely prevented.

Changes in the specific form of the invention, as herein described, may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent is:

l. In combination, a receptacle for a liquid to be sprayed, a cap attached to said receptacle, a nozzle carried by said cap, means forming a liquid conducting passageway between said receptacle and said nozzle, pump means communicating with said passageway and alternately drawing liquid from said receptacle through said passageway and forcing it through said nozzle, a shut-olf valve at said nozzle including a valve head engageable with a valve seat, a valve stem issuing from said valve head, a cylinder communicating at one end with said passageway, a piston in said cylinder connected to said valve stem and operating said valve head, a spring held from movement at one end relative to said cap and engaging said piston at its other end and urging said valve head into closing position, means forming a by-pass around said piston and sealing means engageable with said piston to close said by-pass when the piston reaches a position in which passage through the orifice in the nozzle is effected.

2. In combination, a receptacle for a liquid to be sprayed, a cap attached to said receptacle, a nozzle carried by said cap, means forming a liquid conducting passageway between said receptacle and said nozzle, pump means communicating with said passageway and alternately drawing liquid from said receptacle through said passageway and forcing it through said nozzle, a shut-off valve at said nozzle including a valve head engageable with a valve seat, a valve stem issuing from said valve head, a cylinder communicating at one end with said passageway, a piston in said cylinder connected to said valve stem and operating said valve head, a spring held from movement at one end relative to said cap and engaging said piston at its other end and urging said valve head into closing position, means forming a by-pass around said piston and an annular resilient seal at the end of said cylinder engageable with said piston to close said by-pass when the piston reaches a position in which passage through the orice in the nozzle is efected.

3. In combination, a receptacle for a liquid to be sprayed, a cap attached to said receptacle, a nozzle carried by said cap, means forming a liquid conducting passageway between said receptacle and said nozzle, pump means communicating with said passageway and alter nately drawing liquid from said receptacle through said passageway and forcing it through said nozzle, a shut-off valve at said nozzle including a valve head engageable with a valve seat, a valve stem issuing from said valve head, a cylinder communicating at one end with said passageway, a piston in said cylinder connected to said valve stem and operating said valve head, a spring held from movement at one end relative to said cap and engaging said piston at its other end and urging said valve head into closing position, said piston fitting suflciently loosely in said cylinder to form a by-pass around said piston and sealing means engageable with said piston to close said by-pass when the piston reaches a position in which passage through the orifice in the nozzle is effected.

4. In combination, a receptacle for a liquid to be sprayed, a cap attached to said receptacle, a socket in said cap, a body received in said socket, a nozzle formed on said body, a barrel screwed into said body and extending into said receptacle, means forming a shoulder on said barrel engaging said cap and holding the body attached to said cap and pump means carried by said body and drawing liquid from said receptacle and into said barrel and discharging it through said nozzle.

5. In combination a receptacle having aY chamber for a liquid to be sprayed, a body carried by saidreceptacle, a nozzle formed on said body, a barrel attached to said body and extending into said receptacle and communicating with said nozzle, a guide carried by said body and having a bore, a plunger slidable along said bore and entering said barrel, means on said body encircling said plunger and forming an annular chamber about said plunger, said means having an annular surface concentric with said plunger, means forming a passageway communicating with said annular chamber and the chamber in said receptacle, a knob on the end of said plunger and having a cavity therein, a gasket disposed in said cavity in contact with said knob and engageable with said annular surface when the plunger is in its innermost position, and means acting between said receptacle and knob for holding said gasket in huid-tight engagement with said knob and surface.

6. In combination a receptacle having a chamber for a liquid to be sprayed, a body carried by said receptacle, a nozzle formed on said body, a barrel attached to said body and extending into said receptacle and communicating with said nozzle, a guide carried by said body and having a bore, a plunger slidable along said bore and entering said barrel, a sleeve issuing outwardly from said body and encircling said plunger, said sleeve being spaced from said plunger to forman annular chamber about the same, said bore communicating with said chamber, said sleeve having an annular surface at the end of the same, a knob on the end of said plunger and having a cavity therein, a gasket disposed in said cavity in contact with said knob and engageable with said annular surface when the plunger is in its innermost position, and means acting between said receptacle and knob for holding said gasket in fluid-tight engagement with said knob and surface.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS k 1,690,893 Dorner Nov. 6,1928

2,556,050 Ziherl June 5, 1951 2,623,783 Gustafson Dec. 30,1952

2,628,131 Haberstroh Feb. 10,1953

FOREIGN PATENTS 741,901 France Feb. 23,1933