US270925A - beaumont - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Shee ts-Sheet 1.

W. W. BEAUMONT & J. WELMAN.

APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE.

No. 270,925. Patented Jan.23. 1883.

N. PETERS. Phnta-Lilhogmphur. waihinginn. o. c.

' U ITED STATES PATENT OF ICE.

JAMES WELMAN, OF POOLE,

COUNTY OF DORSET, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,925, dated January 23, 1883,

' To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, \VILLIAM WORBY BEAUMONT and JAMES WELMAN, residing respectively at Oamberwell, in the county of Surrey, and Poole, in the county of Dorset, both in England, engineers, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus'for Dressduce the required effect of cutting or dressing the stone. To impart this motion we use a small tup or hammer, which imparts or gives to the before-mentioned tool a series of blows repeated with great rapidity. The tup may consist of a solid piston working in a small cylinder, through one lid or end of which projects the before-mentioned tool or holder for same. A cushioning appliance-such as indiarubber washersrests"on the lid or end, and between the lid or end of the cylinder and collars on the dressing-tool or tool-holder, to supply the necessary elasticity to provide for a vibratory motion of small range in the cuttingtool, or so that the inertia to be overcome by the tup in this form is that of the tool only, and not that of the cylinder also, as it would be if the tool were rigidly fixed to the cylinder. The piston or tup may be caused to reciprocate by compressed air, or it may be, for instance, by steam. \Ve prefer to cause the space above the piston or tup in the cylinder before mentioned to communicate by means of a flexible pipe-connection with a cylinder in which works a piston moved rapidly by hand, or by machinery. As this piston rises and falls it will altern atelyreduce and augment the pressure in the before-mentioned cylinder containing the I Application filed June 14, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England June 16, 1881, No. 2,628.

tup and cause the tup to rise and fall at the same time, and so impart or give to the cutting or depressing tool .the required series of blows; or the tool may be attached to a tup or piston part, and thus receive the necessary reciprocating movement. In order to control the action of the. tool, we regulate the flow of the impelling-fluid by a cook or valve.

The tool or apparatus has a handle or part adapted for holding and directing the action on the surface as required, and may also rest on legs, casters, wheels, or othersupport, so as to glide or roll easily over the surface and relieve the guiding-hand of the weight.

. In order that our said invention may be fully understood, we now proceed more particularly 6 to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several figures on the sheets of drawings accompanying this specification.

In Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 7, and 8 similar letters refer to similar parts.

Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional and external views,

respectively, of the dressing or shaping apparatus as first above described. A is the cylinder, in which the piston-tup B reciprocates under the action of the alternately compressed and extended air admitted by the pipe K. D is the dressing, cutting, or shaping tool, which in this case isvshown as a piece of fiat steel held in the holder 0 bya bolt, S. The holder 0 fits freely in the cover 0. At this part itis 8o round, but is prevented from turning by the set-screw S, the point of which engagesin the slot t, or the slot t, according as the tool D is required to be set, as shown, or with its outting-edge in the direction of the handle, part of which is shown at J. An india-rubber collar is placed at F and another at H, and the iron or steel cap-collar G is screwed onto the end of the holder-stem. The object of the collar H is to supply the necessary elasticity and to provide for a vibratory motion of small range. The object of the collar F is to prevent noise and injurious backlash in the return movement of the tool-holder and tool. K is the short pieceof pipe, to which is attached a 5 flexible hose-pipe, M, for connection with a pumper. hereinafter described.)

(Shown at Figs. 3 and 4, and to be L is a cock, by which air-communication is shut off or controlled. J is a part of a wood handle, attached to a projection cast on the cylinder, and which is made of suitable length for holding the apparatus. The pipe K may also be used as a handle for steadying the apparatus.

Figs.3and aare longitudinal and transverse vertical sections of one form of a machine, which we have called a pumper, suitable for alternately augmenting and reducing the pressure as required for operating the apparatus. In Fig. 3, l is the cylinder, in which the piston 2 reciprocates by means of the connectingrod 3, attached to the crank-pin 4, which is driven by a belt on one of the pulleys 5, one of which is fixed and the other loose on the shaft 6, or which may in some cases be worked by awinch fixed to one endof thecrank orfiy-wheel shaft, or to a secondary shaft geared thereto, so as to obtain the required speed for the pumper-piston and tup. The crank-shaft revolves in bearings on the top of the supports 7, which are fixed to a bed-plate, 8,-or t0 the top of a vessel, 9, which contains water and forms a water envelope or jacket for keeping the cylinder cool. The vessel 9 forms part of the bed-plate S, and may be extended in capacity by making the whole bed-plate a tank. Water is supplied to and runs from the vessel 9 through pipes, (indicated at the holes 10 11.) The water is not needed where thework is frequently interrupted. We have also found that if we provide the pipe or hose near the pumper with a small hole, 70, (which may be fitted with a regulating-cock,) then a waterjacket is generally not needed, because the air in the pipe is then constantly or gradually changed. When the piston 2 rises it draws the air from the'cylinder A of the dressing apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and from. the pipe M, connecting this and the pumper at 12, and raises the tup B in the dresser-cylinder. When the piston 2, Figs. 3 and 4. descends the air is driven back from the cylinder 1, Figs. 3 and 4, through the connecting-pipe, attached at 12, into the cylinder A of the dressing apparatus, and the 'tup in the dresser-cylinder is driven down and gives a sharp blow on the 'top of the cap-collar O, by which the blow is transmitted to the tool D. The crank-shaft 6, Figs. 3 and 4,is driven at as many revolutions per unit of time as it is desired that the tup in the cylinder of the dressing apparatus or the tool thereof shall make strokes in the same space of time. This also applies to the modification shown in Figs. 4,5,6, 7, and 7. This machine we show as one form of apparatus or pumper suitable for the purpose of working our apparatus; but we do not claim this, per 86, as new. Moreover, for some purposes we may use a treadle instead of the winch-handle above mentioned.

In the modification of the dressing or shaping apparatus shown at Fig. '5 the tool D is held in a holder, which is an extension of the cap-collar G, (shown in Fig. 1,) the holder 0 of Fig. 1 and the cap G being in this modification made all in one piece. The india-rubber cushion-collar H is placed under the collar, Z,

which is formed on the holder Gr. An indiarubber collar may also, if desired, be placed above this collar for the same purpose as the washer F in Figs. 1 and 2. The tool is fixed in the holder G by the set-screw S.

In the modification of the dressing apparatus shown in Fig. 6 the tup B is united to a piston, T, by a rod, P, the tup being circular and guided between correspondingly-fbrmed guides, R, which project from the cylinderA and carry the boss E,in which the upper part of the tool D fits freely. The short piece of metallic pipe inserted in the side of the cylinder A-may be screwed into a hole at K or K. The collar G is fixed on the top of the tool D by the set-screw S, an india-rubber collar, H, being placed beneath, as shown.

In the modifications shown at Figs. 7 and 7 the upper end of the tool D is fixed into the piston D and slides freely in the cover 0, the tool being prevented from rotating in the cover bya pin or pins or screws inserted therein, and taking into one or more grooves-such as d-shown in the upper part or stem of the tool. The tool D in this case rises and falls with the piston T. A cushion of elastic material may be placed on the bottom of the cylinder A to prevent the piston from striking direct onto the cover. The legs 0 are adjustable by means ofthe screwed ends thereof in the lugs or flange at .the bottom of the cylinder, and by the nuts for fixing them in position.

Instead of the arrangement shown at Figs. 7 and 7, the apparatus may be attached to a light frame, which may be laid, for instance, upon a n1illstone, the attachment beingisimilar in form to a' small compound sliding rest of a lathe, so that the apparatus may be made to move backward and forward and out small grooves at set but adjustable distances apart, as in the fine dressing of a millstone. Fig. 9 shows one such arrangement in side elevation, and Fig. 10 in plan. a is the bed for the sliderest I), to which the cylinder A is fixed. Ois a screw, and d a hand-wheel thereon for givin g the required feed after each traverse along the bed a.

In the modification shown in Fig. 8 compressed air is admitted at K, and by the port b enters the annular space 6 e and drives the tup B upward. upper part of the cylinder A the port 0 reaches the port a and the air is exhausted from the space 0 6. At the same time the port 1) reaches the entrance of the air at K, and the air passes through b and enters the upper part of thecylinder A, and acting on the top of the piston B drives it down, when it strikesthe top of the tool D. The port I) is again open for the admission or" air to thespace c e, and the port bis open to a for exhaustingthe air from the top of the piston-tup B. The cycle of operations is repeated and the tup reciprocates in accordance with the quantity and pressure of air admitted at K, as controlled by a cock in a pipe When the tup has reached the v at K, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 1 the cock L is shown with an ordinary taper plug; but other forms may be employed for regulating or stopping the entrance and withdrawal of air.

Another modification of the apparatus asit may be used for carving or chasing stone andv other hard substances-such as metals and -on'ie kinds of wood--consists in dispensing with the handle J, or the projection to which it is fastened, and taking hold of the cylinder -"self, which in this case would be small, in the same manner asa pencil or pen is held.

This modification is shown at Fig. 11, which and instead of the cutting-tool a tool for calking or other purposes requiring repeated blows may be inserted in the'holder'.

In the Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 one form oftool only-is shown; but tools of other forms may be used to suit the difierent kinds of work which may be required to be done.

At V, Fig. 2, a union-nut is shown; but the flexible pipe M may be put direct onto the pipe K without intervention of this union.

In place of the cover cast with the upper' part of the cylinder, as shown at Figs. 1, 2, 5, 7, and 7 the cover as shown at Figs. 6 and 8 may be used in all cases.

M... 7 int. a.

We claim as our invention- 1. The combination, with the stone-dressing chisel and a holder in which the same is removably secured, of the cap-collar G upon the inner end of the tool-holder, the cylinder and its head through which the tool-holder passes,

an elastic collar, H, between the cap-collar G and the cylinder-head, the piston-tup B,within the cylinder A, and means for actuating the same byfiuid-pressure, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with the stone-dressing chisel and a holder in which the same is removably secured, of the cap-collar G upon the inner end of the tool-holder, the cylinder and its head through which the tool-holder passes, an elastic collar, H, between the cap-collar G and the cylinder-head, the handle J and rubber cap F, the piston-tup B, within the cylinder' A, and means for actuating the same by fluidpressure, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with the stone-dressing chisel D and the holder to which it is removably attached, of the cylinder A, piston-tup B, and standard 0, connected with the cylinder A, and means, substantially as specified, for operating the piston-tup B by fluid-pressure, substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for dressing stone, the combination, with the cylinder A, handle J, and stone-dressing chisel D, of a piston-tup, B, containing fluid induction arid exhaust passages, a cap-collar, G, elastic collar H, and

rubber collar F, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

w. WORBY BEAUMONT. JAMES WELMAN.-

\Vitnesses to the signature of William Worby Beaumont;

P. JENSEN, E. W. ScAILLE,

Both of 33 Chancery Lane, London. Witnesses to the signature of James Welman ED. LEYMER CLARK, (Inns. JAS. GAINS,

Solicitors Clerks, Poole.

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