US270114A

US270114A - Per mutation-lock

Info

Publication number: US270114A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 1900-01-02

Description

(Model.)

0. E. PILLARD.

PERMUTATION LOOK.

NO. 270,114.l

Patented Jan. 2,1883.

y/fmwjMa/m? 4UNITED STATES lPATENT OFFICE oLivnR E. PILLARD, or CAMBRIDGE, MAssAoiaUsnrTs.

PERMUTATlON-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,114, dated January 2,1883. Application filed November 16, 1881. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, 4OLIVER E. PILLARD, of Cambridge, in the county ot' Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination-Locks, of which the following is a specili` cation. l

My invention relates to improvements in combination-locks in which the ordinary index-mark for unlocking is also used to set the tumblers by when the combination is changed, the latch being held up out of the slots in the tumblers by means of special mechanism hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my lock, the plane of section being just inside of the inner surface of the cap-plate, thereby leaving the main portions of the lock shown in elevationw Fig. 2is a like view with the parts thrown into a different position. Fig. 3 shows an elevation of the bolt, the latch, and a slide for holding up the latch instead of the lever. Fig. 4 is an elevation. of the tumblers and `loose talon with the cam removed. Fig. 5 isa view of the. in-

' side ot' the cam, and Fig. 6 shows a niodiied form of lever for lifting the latch.

All of the parts of my lock except the mechanism for holding up the latch are old when separately considered, although I have combined them differently from any prior device.

A designates the bolt; B, the latch pivoted thereto; C, the wrenchchanging tumblers, and D the cam forthrowing the bolt. The latch B has a transverse arm for falling into the slots in the tumblers, whereby said tum-- blers move with the bolt A.

`Between the cam D and the tumblers G isV an ordinary loose talon, a, Fig. 4, which is allowed only a limited movement, whereby I am enabled to employ a full graduated dial. This loose talon is also indicated in its proper position by broken linesupon the inside of 4the Vcam D in Fig. 5, and the shoulders 1 2 on the inside of said cam constitute the means for limiting the movement-of said talon. Sometimes the combination is so set as to require one and a fraction reverse revolution ot' the cam after setting the tumblers in order to bring the cam into position for the latch to cient to throw the bolt without disturbing the last tumbler, so as to get its slot out from under the latch.

I believe that this is-the first wrenchchang ing combination-lock having the loose talon in which the tumblers move back with the bolt. Ordinary wrench-chan gin g combination-locks for use in changing the combination and the other for use in unlocking. The former is set oft' a little to one side, so as to bring the slots in the tumblers to one side while setting the combination, and thereby cause the edge of the tumblers to hold up the latch out of contact with the cam. These two index-marks are objectionable, because those who use the unlockingindex day after day are very liable to forget when they are changing the combination and set part or all ofthe tumblers by the unlocking index-mark, thereby causing much trouble. I overcome this objection by doing away with the second index-mark, and set the combination by the same index-mark that is- .used for unlocking, and consequently makeup the new combination when the slots in the tumblers are all directly under the arm of the latch B, as' shown in Fig. 1.

In order to set up the combination with the slots of the tumblers under the arm of the latch, it is necessary that the latch be held up out ofvengagement with vthe cam D. This I accomplish by means of a curved lever, E, pivoted by pin or screw b to the inside oli' the cap plate, (only those portions ofthe cap-plate are shown which project into the case beyond the plane of sectiom) which lever is acted npon by the Wrench or key cto throwits upper end upl ward against the pin d on the latch and to hold the latch up, as shown in Fig. l. The key or wrench hole in the cap is located di rectly below the axis ofthe tumblers, and has by the side of it an inward projection or stop, c, to limit the motion ot' the wrench and cause it to be turned only in the proper direction. When the wrench is withdrawn from the lock the lever falls of its own weight until stopped bythe stop f. The tumblers are in theV form of a wheel within a wheel, fastened together .so as to move as one, except in changing the combination, when they are loosened by means 105 The term wrench-changing tumblerfloek have two index-marks upon the dial-ring-one IOO . and tightened thereon by means of a wrench or key'inserted through holes in said tumblers. In my lock, when the holes in the tumblers are in line with the wrench-hole in the cap- 'h h, so as to move vertically.

plate and the wrench c is inserted therein, the slots in the tumblers are all under the arm of the` latch, said arm being indicated 'by the broken lines in Figs. 1 and 2, which surround the pin d.

The wrench c is provided with a side wing or bit, g, at a point which, when the wrench is fully inserted, is just inside ofthe cap-plate and opposite the short arm of the lever. This bit g projects downward when the wrench is being inserted, after which it is turned a halt'- revolntion into the position in which it is represented in Fig. 1, in doing w-hich the square portion of the wrench releases the inner wheel of each tumbler as in other locks, and the wrench-bit g acts upon the curved lever to throw it and the latch up out of the slots .in the tumblers and to hold it up until the key is -turnedback to lock the tumblers. When the latch is thus held up by the curved lever and key the dial and tnmblers aretnrned to set up the combination, using the same index-mark that isv used for unlocking, thereby avoiding all confusion and all tendency to make mistakes. When the wrench is withdrawn the curved lever falls out of the way of the latch, as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 3 I have. represented a slide, F, which may be employed as an equivalent for the curved lever E. This slide is bolted or screwed to the inside of the cap-plate by screws It is lifted by the wrench-bit g, and its upper end acts upon the pin d of the latch in the manner and for the purpose before described. As shown, however, it is necessary to make the wrenchbit a little longer than when the curved lever is employed, in order to raise the latch to the same height. In both of these devices the mechanism for holding the latch up out oi' the slots in thel tumblers is secured to the inside of the capfplate, and takes off with said plate. In Fig. 6 I have shown another equivalent mechanism for the same purpose, which is designed to be secured to the case proper back of the tumblers. This consists of a pivoted curved 1ever-or arm, G, having its axis in direct line with thewrench-hole in the cap-plate. A loose talon, t', having a square wrench-hole in the center of its hub, is placed in the end of arm G, concentrically with the axis ot said arm. .A curved slot, It, is made in the arm G,

through which a. screw, m, is passed into the lock-case to steady said arm. When the square end of the Wrench is passed through the tumblers it enters. the square hole in the loose talon i. The wrench is turned a half-revolutionin the direction indicated by the curved dart, and as soon asthe talon engages the shoulder fn. it carries the lever with it and throws the upper outside edge of its hooked end under the'pin d, to lift and hold up the latch while the combination is being set up, as before'described. After the combination is made up the wrench is turned in the reverse direction to lock the tumblers, and the arm falls into the position represented'in Fig. 6, out of the way of the latch.

In case it is desirable to turn the wrench or key in the opposite direction from that indicated in Fig. Git is only necessary to place the lever G on the case the other side up.

Having shown three different forms ot' mechanism for lifting and holding up the latch While the combination is being made up, I shall hereinafter refer to the same under the general term ot"latch lifting and holding mechanism.77

I claim as my invention- I. A permutation-lock having a latch for engaging the slots in the tumblers, and whose tumhlers consist-of an inner hub and an outer rim 4adjustable on said hub, in combination with ,latch lifting and holding mechanism to hold up the latch while the combination is being made 'up with the slots in the tumbler-s under the arm of the latch', substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.l

2. The combination of the slotted tumblers, the bolt, the latch pivoted to said bolt so that the tumblers move back With the bolt, and latch lifting and holding mechanism acting upon the latch, substantially' as described, and for the purpose specied.

3. The combination of the tumblers, the bolt,

the latch having the pin d, and latch lifting and holding mechanism operated bythe tumbler-wrench to act upon the pin d, substantially as described, and for the purpose specilied.

. 4. The combination of the cam D, tu'mblers C, bolt A, latch B, and latch lifting and holding mechanism acting upon the latch to hold it out of engagement with the tumblers and cam, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the cam D,loose talon a, tumblers C, bolt A, latch B, and latch liftingand holding mechanism acting upon the latch while the combination is being made up with the slots of the tumblers under the arm of thelatch, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination ot' the slotted tumblers, consisting of an inner hub and outer rimv adjustable on said hub, the bolt-A, the latch piv.

oted to said bolt, whereby the tumblers are caused to move back with the bolt, the cam' OLIVER E. PILLARD.-

Witnesses:

HENRY R. BRIGHAM, CRAs. P. GoaELY.

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