US2700507A - Railway car heating installation - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 25, 1955 J. E. CANDLlN, JR., ETAL RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION Filed June 9. 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet l Jall- 25, 1955 Jl E. CAND'LIN, JR., l-:TALy 2,700,507

' RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION Filed June 9. 1949 e sheets-sheet 2 Jan. 25, 1955 J. E. CANDLIN, JR.', EVAL RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 9. 1949 ET AL k2,700,507

6 Sheets-Sheet 4 ff ,w fw

Jan. 25, 1955 J. E. cANDLlN, JR.,

RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION Filed June 9. 1949 Jan.25,1955 J. E. ANDL|N,JR., Em 2,700,507

RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION Filed June 9, 1949 6 Sheets-*Sheet 5 /111/4 .mmm

Jan- 25, 1955 J. E. cANDLlN, JR., ETAT. 2,700,507

RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION Filed June 9. 1949 e sheets-sheets MT A@ 4 J/argcd/ry. A .7, ae lgwer, of Jari/M, gjeraord Unifed States Patenti() F RAILWAY CAR HEATING INSTALLATION James E. Candlin, Jr., Harold L. Norby, Robert G.

Aylmer, and Hartin lF. Peterson, Chicago, Ill., assignors to Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application June 9, 1949, Serial No. 98,116

23 Claims. (Cl. 237 40) The invention relates generally to heating system installations in railway cars. It contemplates speciically, the placement of the car heating radiators at the body walls above the floor surface level of the car and the supply and return steam pipe elements in a trench formed in theoor space between the normal door surface level and the subfloor portion of the underframe. The invention further contemplates the provision of means associated with the heating radiators and the steam supply and return pipes to permit preassembly of the several parts and lthe application of such assembly to the car as a unit.

An important object of the invention is to transfer the steam supply and return pipes heretofore positioned beneath the suboor of the underframe to a position within the trench thereabove for protection from exposure to the atmosphere.

Another object is so to reduce the depth of the radiator and control valve housing above the oor line as to minimize encroachment thereof upon the passenger space, herein effected by the removal of the hot and cold water pipes, heretofore disposed within such housing at the radiator position, to floor trenches arranged along the body walls.

A further and important object is to dispense with or reduce the amount of tubing, insulating material, regulators, valves, and the like, heretofore incident to the placement of heating equipment parts underneath the car, and preassembling the car heating elements of the system and car parts associated with the underframing and body walls of the car structure to provide a heating installation adapted for application to the car as a unit.

The foregoing and other advantages are obtained by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the specication. In said drawings- Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are complemental views, in plan, oi one end, intermediate section, and opposite end portion, respectively, of a sleeping car, showing an installation 'of one embodiment of the invention, with the side wall mounted section of the heating installation' diagrammatically exploded to the outside of the body walls for clariication of the showing; v

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section through the trench at a bedroom side Wall position, taken on line 4 4, of Fig. 2, showing the radiator, control valve and risers for the steam crossover and supply and return pipe assembly secured to supporting brackets welded to the metal truss plank removably fastened to car framing post and side sill ilanges for mounting the whole assembly as a unit;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a cover plate for the trench openings formed with slots to facilitate assembly with the risers' connecting the control valves and steam crossover pipes and iitted with cover hold-down clips;

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section through the trench along the body wall at the passageway side of the car showing the hot and cold water pipes supported from adjacent side sill member of the car framing and the heat protection pipe for the water lines supported from adjacent stringer member of the underframe, the view being taken on line 6 6, of Fig. 2, depicting bracket means for securing the pipes in spaced relationship above the iloor of the trench to allow for pitching of the pipes for drainage;

Fig. 7 is a View similar to Fig. 6, taken on line 7 7,

of Fig 3, showing hot and cold water pipe' crossover exand hopper installations in the bedrooms, and showing also the steam supply and return pipes, loom covered at points of support but further protected by an insulating blanket covering also the adjacent hot water pipe to prevent transmission of heat to the cold water pipe;

Fig. 8 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1 through the trench at the bolster position, showing the cold and hot water pipes and the steam supply and return pipes raised to clear the bolster, and illustrating the method of interposing the steam crossover pipe section between said pipes and the trench cover plate for connecting the steam supply and return pipes to the risers ldreadiig to the radiator control valves as depicted in Fig.

Figs. 9 and 10, show, respectlvely, a plan View andv vertical sectional view of the steam crossover ttings designed yieldably to connect both supply and return lines in the trench to respectively adjacent radiator control valves.

Heretofore in the application of heating installations to railway cars, the steam supply and return pipes of the heating system were positioned beneath the floor or underframe construction of the cars with risers extending therefrom through the floor structure to the individual heating pipe coils in the car. The steam trainline was tapped at a multiplicity of points from which steam was conducted to vapor regulators, and from these regulators, steam at atmospheric pressure supplied to the pipe coils inside the car, the condensate and uncondensed steam being returned to the regulators. It is proposed herein to install the heating system, including the steam supply and return pipes,.

within a railway car in preassembled units, the supply and return pipes of which may be connected with`regulators beneath the car according to zones in the car to be heated, with the regulators connected to the high pressure steam trainlinel and communicating with the at-l mosphere to regulate the pressure of the steam in the system and control the discharge of the condensate. The

proposed installation includes specially constructed por-l is recessed to form a trench, with insulation disposed in the space between the subfloor plate and the upper plate between the trenches. These trenches accommodate the steam supply and return pipes and hot and cold water pipes, and are closed by cover plates at the normal oor level, having open slots to receive risers from the pipes in the trench and which are removable for access thereto, all as hereinafter to be described.

In the drawings, 10 represents a railway car, herein depicted as a sleeping car having bedrooms 11 Aextending across the car intermediate the car ends from the car side wall 12 to the partition 13 at side passageway 14, and a plurality of roomettes 15 upon opposite sides of said bed-- rooms 11 and upon opposite sides of central longitudinal passageways 16 1n the opposite end portions of the car which arel connected with the intermediate side passageway 14 by` short transverse passageways 17 at opposite plied with cold and `hot water from supply pipes 20 and 21 running along both sides of the car and connected,

respectively, by crossover pipes 22 and 23 and communicating with the usual air pressure water system provided on railway cars to supply water under proper pressures throughout the system as required for the purpose. The bedrooms are also each provided with a` toilet annex including atoilet 24 suppliedl with ushing Water from :the cold water supply pipes 20, as are the toilets 25 provided Patented Jan. 25, 1955 in each of the roomettes 15. The roomettes are also provided with washbasins 26, supplied with water from the hot and cold water supply pipes 21 and 20 through suitable piping provided for this purpose. In Fig. 7, a typical application of hot and cold water pipes 47 and 48 is illustrated, extending upwardly from the respective pipes 21 and 20 in the trench through a slot 46 in the trench cover 40, more specifically hereinafter described, and extended laterally for connection with the washroom facilities. An escutcheon plate 45, secured by screws 49, covers the slot opening 46 around the pipes passing upwardly through the cover.

The structure of the car includes the body side wall element 12 and the opposite body side wall 27, together with underframing 28 including bolster members 29, a plurality of crossbearers 30 and longitudinal stringers 31 disposed above, supported on and operatively connected to all of these cross members of the underframe. Connecting side sills 32, having upstanding ilange portions 33, extend continuously full length of the underframe at opposite body side walls 12 and 27 and connect all of the crossbearers and the bolsters in the underframe assembly. The body walls 12 and 27 are provided with vertical framing posts 34 secured to the side sill members and extending upwardly from the upstanding flange portions thereof in the side wall framing assembly. The framing construction described represents the structure of railway passenger cars substantially as heretofore built. However, a floor construction is provided for use in association with the underframing and side wall elements differing materially from structures heretofore provided, and designed for association with and the accommodation of portions of the heating installation. A floor 35 is provided wherein portions of the ooring adjacent the opposite side walls are recessed to form a trench 36 disposed in the oor along each wall.

The floor structure includes a subfloor plate portion 37 and an upper plate 38 at normal oor level. The suboor plate extends substantially continuously between the side sill upstanding flanges 33, to which it is secured through the medium of angle members 39, and between the bolsters 29, and upon opposite sides of the bolsters to the respective car ends, and is supported upon the various crossbearers 30 of the underframe, to which it is also secured. The longitudinal stringers 31 are disposed on top of the subfloor plate, extending substantially full length of the underframe and secured to the various crossbearers and bolsters, and the upper plate 38 is supported upon and secured to the stringers. The upper plate 38 extends substantially the full length of the underframe, but transversely of the underframe the plate 38 extends across the car between the longitudinal stringer members next adjacent the respective side sill upstanding ilanges 33, i. e., the plate 38 is secured to the Stringer 31 next adjacent the side sill at one side of the car and extends substantially continuously across the car to the Stringer 31 next adjacent the side sill at the other side of the car where it is secured so that the plate stops short of the side walls of the car whereby an upwardly open recess or trench is provided in the floor adjacent each of the side wall elements 12 and 27, with the depth and width of the trench dei-ined, respectively, by the subfloor plate and body framing elements, consisting of the side sill upstanding tlanges 33 and the next adjacent stringer members 31 which present oor and side wall surfaces, respectively, of the trench. The space between the subfloor plate 37 and the upper plate 38 is completely iilled with insulation 41 between the stringers 31.

The open side of each trench is adapted to be closed by removable access doors disposed in the oor line in the form of cover plates 40, which may be of varying lengths to cover the trench in sections and thereby provide for access to the heating installation in the trench at any point along the line without the necessity for removing the full length of the cover. The cover plates are provided with open slots 46 in their side edges adjacent the respective side walls for the passage of risers from the trench installation, as more fully hereinafter to be described. Theusual oor 42 of the car is laid upon the upper plate 38, and it will be noted that the cover plates 40 are disposed at normal fioor level, so that the car oor is provided with a ush surface from wall to wall. The oor 42 atthe stringers 31 stops short of the edge of the stringers bordering the respective trenches to form a ledge 43 at this side of each trench for the support of the cover plates thereon-the plate being removably secured at this point by means of screws 44. At

the side of each of the trenches 36 adjacent the respective' side wall elements 12 and 27, a ledge is formed for the support of the cover plates by a removable portion of the heating installation assembly, as hereinafter described. As shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 7, the cover plate may be of plywood, but as shown in Fig. 8, representative of conditions at the bolster positions, the cover may comprise a plate 40a to provide greater clearance in the trench above the bolsters 29 for the pipes and crossovers. The plate 40a is provided on the underside, at opposite edges, with bearing pads 401) adapted to engage the supporting ledges at opposite sides of the trench to maintain the upper surface of the cover plate in a plane flush with the surface of the oor 35 and is secured in the same manner as cover plate 40, by screws 44.

The cold and hot water supply pipes 20 and 21 are disposed in the trench 36 and are supported from one side wall of the trench, while steam supply and return pipes of the heating system are supported from the other side wall, as more fully hereinafter to be described. The water pipes 20 and 21 are mounted on a plurality of welded pipe-supporting saddle brackets 51 secured to a trench side wall (which as shown comprises the side sill upstanding ange 33) in each trench by welding at varying heights from the trench floor to pitch the pipes for proper drainage. Clamp members 52, removably secured by bolts 53, maintain the positions of the pipes in the supporting brackets, and loom coverings 54 protect the pipes.

The heating system provided in association with the trench structure and side wall elements is designed for application as a unitary heating installation, adapted to be preassembled on a supporting plate or truss plank which may be removably secured to a side wall element and including what might be termed a rst section, cornprising heating coils or radiator units and associated control valve members secured to the plate above the normal floor line, and a second section providing a supply and return steam pipe assembly adapted removably to be supported in the trench, with crossover pipe means operatively connecting the trench pipe and supporting plate assemblies, and all of the assemblies adapted for installation in the car as a unit. The unitary installation of the heating system in a car may be made according to the particular floor plan involved, and the complete preassembled units may be made up in lengths suited to the conditions of a particular car and installed in complete sections, which may extend substantially full length of the car or only for a portion of such length, as required by the conditions involved.

The supply and return steam pipe assembly, comprising supply and return pipes 6i) and 61, is removably supported in the trench 36 at each side of the car, and like the water pipes 20 and 21 supported from the opposite side wall of each trench. The steam pipes 60 and 61 are mounted on pipe-supporting brackets 62 welded to the side wall of the trench formed by longitudinal Stringer 31. The brackets 62 are secured to the trench side wall at varying heights from the trench floor throughout the length of the pipes to pitch the pipes for proper drainage, in accordance with good practice. The pipes are protected by loom coverings 63 and are removably secured to the supporting brackets by saddle type clamp members 64 fastened with screws 65. The steam supply and return pipes communicate directly with vapor regulators provided beneath the car to supply steam at atmospheric pressure to the heating systern, and these regulators are supplied with live steam from the usual high pressure steam trainline provided beneath the car and extending full length of a train to communicate with a source of steam at the head end, with the pressure regulators tapped into the line at intervals along each car. Feed and return lines 66 and 67 extend through the oor 37 of the trench (see Fig. 4) for connection with a vapor regulator, which may be disposed for association with a particular section of piping on one side of the car, or for regulating one whole side, or connected with piping upon opposite sides of the car to regulate the pressure of the steam supplied to the system at atmospheric and discharge accumulated condensate. As shown in Fig. l, a vapor regulator 68 is connected with the feed and return pipes 66 and 67 from the supply and return pipes 60 and 61 at opposite sides of the car, but in Fig. 3, the feed and return pipes 66 and 67 are shown extending beneath the car at each side for connection with regulators individual to the respective sides. v

The heating units for the car, in the form of radiators or heating coils '70, with their associated control valve members 71, are mounted directly upon a supporting plate in the form of a truss plank 72, removably secured 1 to the car side wall elements 12 vand 27 by means of screws '73.

The control valves 71 are solenoid operated, and may be set for actuation manually or automatic under control of a thermostat by means of a regulating device provided in each bedroom and roomette, comprising a switch connected through suitable wiring with the thermostat and solenoid relay to set the operation either for manual or automatic. Mounting brackets 74, tack welded to the truss plank as indicated in Fig. 4, provide means to which the units 70 may be removably secured by suitable clamping devices attached by bolts. The truss plank 72 at each side of the car is provided with a portion extending downwardly in overlapping relationship with the upstanding side sill ange 33, and having a lower marginal flange 75 resting upon an angle member 76 secured to the side sill membento x the position of the truss plank on the respective side wall elements. The ilange 75 is projected inwardly, with a downwardly offset ledge flange portion 77 entered .in the trench 36 and forming a ledge to support the adjacent edge of the cover plate sections 40 or 40a. The cover plates are provided with clip members 78 on their underside, engageable under the ledge flange 77- to secure -this side of the respective cover plates against displacement. The clips 78 as applied to the cover plate 40a are downwardly offset as at 79 in order to engage beneath the ledge 77. In the application of the cover plates to close the trench after installation of the heating system, the side of each cover resting on the ledge 77 is first slid into position, with the clips 78 engaged beneath the ledge, and the side engageable with the ledge 43 at the opposite side of the trench then may be dropped into position and secured by the screws 44.

The entire heating system installation is adapted to `be preassembled complete on the truss plank 72 and carried into the car as a unit for application to the side wall elements, with the supply and return steam pipe assembly carried thereby entering the adjacent trench 36. The steam supply and return pipes 60 and 61 in the trench are connected with the heating units on the side wall by communicating pipe assembly sections depending from the valves '71 adapted to be supported in the floor recess 36. Supporting risers 80 and 81, threaded into the valve 71 and connected with crossover steam pipe sections 83 through elbows 84, provide pipe means operatively connecting the supporting plate heating unit assembly with the trench pipe sections or assembly, adapting such assemblies for installation on the car as a unit. The risers extend upwardly from the trench through the cover plate 40, passing through the open end slots 46 provided therein for the purpose. The openings around the risers formed by these slots are covered by an escutcheon plate 87, assembled with the heating installation and secured by screws 88 to the cover plate after the complete application of the system to a car. Risers 30 and 81 communicate through the associated crossovers S3 wtih the steam supply and return pipes 60 and 61 respectively. The crossover pipe sections 83 are each threaded into a coupling 85 mounted in the respective steam supply and return lines, with the connection therebetween disposed in each instance in the area between the pipes 60 and 61, as best illustrated in v Fig. 9. The crossover pipe means 83 include a union coupling 86 whereby, after the complete application of the installation in a car, either of the section assemblies may be removed for maintenance without disturbing the remaining section. By disconnecting the unions 86, the steam supply and return pipe section may be removed from the trench without atecting the portion of the system mounted on the side wall, or similarly, the side Wall heating units and associated control valve members might be removed without necessarily removing the trench piping. As shown in Fig. 7, the steam supply and return pipes 60 and 61, together with the hot water pipe 21, may be wrapped in a blanket layer of insulation 89 to protect the cold water lpipe 20 against a rise in temperature from the excessive heat otherwise created thereby in the trench. f

At the intermediate portion of the car in the passageway 14 extending at the side of bedrooms 11, the trench 36 does not contain steam supply and return pipes, since the passageway is heated by a single continuous heating pipe coil, including the plurality of radiators`70, which is supplied with steam from the control valve 71 located substantially at the position of the transverse passageway 17, appearingin Fig. l, and from which the heating unit extends to the position of the transverse passageway 17 appearing in Fig. 3. Water pipes 20 and 21 extend through this length of the trench, and in order to guard against freezing of these pipes in cold temperatures, a heat protection line is provided in this portion of the trench to protect the water pipes from possible damage due to this cause. The water protection steam pipe 9,0 is operatively connected in the heating installation to obtain steam supplied at atmospheric pressure and is supported from one trench side wall, while the hot and cold Water pipes are supported from the other, as best shown in Fig. 6. In this figure, it will be seen that the steam line 90 is supported upon the brackets 62 Welded to the side wall 31 of the trench and disposed properly to pitch the pipe for drainage. A saddle type clamp member 64a, removably attached by screw 65, secures the steam pipe in position on each of the brackets.

It will be seen that the passageway 14 is providedwith,

a heating unit individual thereto, and that each of the bedrooms 11 and roomettes 15 also is provided with individual heating coils, as is the porters section space appearing at the left hand end of Fig. l in the lower portion and the general toilet space for the car appearing in the upper portion of this same end of the car.

From the foregoing it will be seen that there has been provided a trench type heating installation for a railway car adapted for application in its entirety from within the car as a complete unit, preassembled on the bench and carried into the car to` be applied, with car heating portions of the system supported from a car side wall element and steam supply portions disposed in an adjacent oor trench together with water system supply pipes, and arranged for disassembly or removal either as a unit or in sections comprising the side wall and trench portions respectively.

What is claimed is:

l. In a railwayvcar construction having side wall elements and connecting side sill members, an underframe including cross members connecting said sill members, a floor comprising a subfloor plate portion supported on said cross members and extending substantially between said sills and an upper plate at the normal iloor level of the car with insulation disposed between said plates, said upper plate being spaced from one of said side wall elements and a portion of said ilooring adjacent said side wall and above the subplate being recessed to form a trench, and an imperforate cover plate at the normal floor level of the car providing access to said trench.

2. In a railway car having body walls and a loor, a trench formed in the oor at one of said walls,A a heating installation comprising a longitudinally extending supporting plate removably secured to said wall, heating coils and associated control valve members secured to said plate above the normal oor line'of the car, a supply and return steam pipe assembly removably supported in said trench, and pipe means operatively connecting said trench pipe and heating coils, said assemblies being adapted fr installation on the car as a unit.

3. In a railway car having body walls and a floor, a trench formed in the oor at one of said walls, a unitary heating installation comprising a longitudinally extending truss plank removably secured to said wall, radiator units and associated control valves supported on said plank above the normal lloor line of the car, and a second section providing supply and return steam pipe elements removably supported in said trench and operatively connected with said radiator units.

4. In a railway car having body walls and a floor, a trench formed in the floor at one of said walls, a heating installation comprising a first assembly including a longitudinally extending truss plank removably secured to said wall and heating units and associated control valves carried by said plank above the normal oor line of the car, and a second section providing supply and return steam pipe elements removably supported in said trench and operatively connected with said heating units.

5. For installation in a railway car having body walls and a floor formed with a recess disposed along one of said walls, a heating unit comprising a longitudinally extending supporting truss plank portion including radiators and associated control valves carried by said plank above the normal floor line of the car, and a communicating heating pipe assembly section depending from said valves and adapted to be supported within said recess.

6. In a railway car construction having an underframe, body walls including connecting side sill members having upstanding ilange portions and side posts secured to and extending upwardly from said anges, a floor extending between said sills formed with recesses adjacent said walls, longitudinally extending truss planks removably secured to said posts having portions extended downwardly in overlapping relationship with said sill anges, lower marginal anges on said truss plank projected inwardly with downwardly oiTset ledge ange portions entered in said recesses, and imperforate access doors in the Hoor line of the car supported on said ledges and covering said recesses.

7. In a vehicle having body walls and a oor, a trench formed in the floor at one of said walls, a heating installation comprising a longitudinally extending truss plank assembly removably secured to said wall including heating coils and associated control valve members carried by said plank above the normal oor line of the vehicle, and supply and return pipes removably supported in said trench and having connection with said valve members within said trench.

8. For installation in an enclosed structure having body walls and a oor formed with a recess disposed along one of said walls, a heating system for the structure including radiators and associated control valves carried by one of said walls above the normal oor line of the structure, a second section comprising supply and return steam pipes supported within said recess, and a steam pipe section communicating with said pipe section in said recess including supporting risers connecting said sections and valves.

9. For installation in a railway car having body walls and a oor formed with a trench disposed along one of said walls and the customary steam train line below the oor with pressure regulators tapped into the line at intervals along the car and risers from said regulators extending through said floor communicating with said trench for connection with supply and return steam pipes of a heating installation, a heating system for the car having radiators and associated control valves carried by one of said walls above the normal floor line of the car, a second section comprising supply and return steam pipes supported in said trench, a steam pipe section communicating with Said pipe section including risers connecting said sections and valves.

10. For installation in a railway car having body walls and a oor formed with a trench disposed along one of said walls, and an imperforate cover plate at the normal oor level of the car removably mounted to give access to said trench, a heating system for the car comprising a longitudinally extending supporting truss plank section including radiators and associated control valves carried by said plank above the normal floor line of the car, a second section comprising supply and return steam pipes supported within said trench, a steam pipe section communicating with said pipe section in the trench including risers connecting said sections and valves, said trench cover plate being formed with open-end slots to receive said risers.

ll. In a vehicle having body walls and a oor formed with atrench opening upwardly through the floor and disposed along one of said walls having depth and width defined, respectively, by a subiloor and body framing elements of the vehicle and presenting floor and side wall surfaces for the trench, hot and cold water pipes extending along one of said trench side walls and a water protection steam pipe supported from the other of said trench side walls, and pipe supporting brackets secured to respectively adjacent trench walls at varying heights from the trench iloor to pitch said pipes.

12. In a vehicle having body walls and a oor formed with a trench opening upwardly through the oor and disposed along one of said walls having depth and width delined, respectively, by a subfloor and body framing elements of the vehicle and aording oor and side wall surfaces for the trench, hot and cold water pipes extending along one of said trench side walls and supply and return steam pipes of a heating system supported from the other of said trench side walls, pipe supporting brackets secured to respectively adjacent trench walls at varying heights from the trench oor to pitch said pipes, and an imperforate cover plate for the trench giving access to said pipes.

13. In a railway car having body walls and an underframe including connecting side sill and bolster members and longitudinal stringers, a oor having a subfloor portion extending between and secured to said side sill members and bolsters and an upper portion at the normal floor level of the car extending between and secured to said stringers, a trench in said floor extending along one ot said walls having depth and width defined, respectively, by the subiioor and the side sill and next adjacent stringer element of the underframe providing oor and side wall surfaces for the trench, and an imperforate cover plate for said trench at the normal floor level of the car extending from said next adjacent Stringer substantially to said side sill.

14. For installation in a railway car having body walls and an underframe including connecting side sill and bolster members and longitudinal stringers, a floor having a suboor portion extending between and secured to said side sill members and bolsters and an upper portion at the normal Hoor level of the car extending between and secured to said stringers, a trench in said oor extending along one of said walls having depth and width defined, respectively, by the subfloor and the side sill and next adjacent Stringer element of the underframe providing oor and side wall surfaces for the trench, and an imperforate cover plate for said trench at the normal oor level of the car extending from said next adjacent Stringer substantially to said side sill, a heating system for the car including radiators and associated control valves carried bysaid one wall above the normal floor line of the car, a second section comprising supply and return steam pipes supported within said trench and spaced above the floor of the trench to pitch said pipes, and steam pipes, communicating with said pipe section in the trench including risers connecting said section and valves.

15. In a railway car having body walls and an underframe including connecting side sills and longitudinal stringers, a floor having a subfloor portion extending between and secured to said side sill and an upper portion at the normal floor level of the car extending between and secured to said stringers, trenches in said floor extending along said walls having depth and width dened, respectively, by the subtloor and the side sill and next adjacent Stringer elements of the underframe providing floor and side wall surfaces for the trench, and imperforate cover plates for said trenches at the normal floor level of the car extending from said next adjacent stringers substantially to said side sills, washstand and toilet installations in said car having water pipe extensions communicating with one of said trenches, and water pipes in said trench having fluid connection with said pipe extenslons.

16. In an enclosed structure having body walls and a oor, a trench formed in the floor adjacent one of said walls in parallel relation to the wall, a heating installation comprising a plurality of spaced heating units each including a heating coil and an associated control valve member removably secured to said wall above the normal floor line of the structure and directly above portions of said trench, a supply and return steam pipe assembly removably supported in said trench, and pipe means operatively connecting said steam heating coils and control valve members with said steam pipe assembly, said heating coils and valve members being disposed in preassembled relationship with said steam pipe assembly.

17. In an enclosed structure having body walls and a floor, a trench formed in the floor adjacent one of said walls in parallel relation to the wall, a heating installation comprising a plurality of spaced heating units each including a heating coil and an associated control valve member secured to said wall above the normal floor line of the structure and directly above portions of said trench, a supply and return steam pipe assembly mounted in said trench, pipe means operatively connecting said steam pipe assembly to said heating coils and associated control valve members, and an imperforate plate at the normal floor level gf the structure providing a removable cover for said trenc 18. In a railway car having body walls and a floor, a trench formed in the floor adjacent one of said walls, a heating installation comprising heating coils and associated control valve members secured to said wall above the normal floor line of the car, a supply and return steam pipe assembly mounted in said trench, pipe means operatively connecting said steam pipe assembly to said heating coils and associated control valve members including riser pipes communicating with the heating coils and control valves, an imperforate plate at the normal floor level of the car providing a removable cover for said trench, said imperforate plate having slotted openings at one edge for passage of said riser pipes, and removable sealing plates secured to said imperforate plate about said riser pipes covering said slotted openings.

19. In a railway car having body walls and an underframe including connecting side sill and bolster members and longitudinal stringers, a oor having a subfloor portion extending between and secured to said side sill members and bolsters and an upper portion at the normal oor level of the car extending between and secured to said stringers, a trench at each side of said car extending along the respective body walls and having depth and width dened respectively, by the subfloor and the side sill and next adjacent Stringer at respective sides of the car to provide oor and side wall surfaces for each trench, and imperforate cover plates for the trenches disposed at the normal floor level of the car extending from said next adjacent stringers substantially to said side sills.

20. In a vehicle having body side walls and an underfrarne including longitudinal members, a floor having a subfloor portion extending between and secured to said side walls and an upper portion at the normal oor level of the vehicle extending between and secured to said longitudinal members, a trench at each side of the vehicle extending along the respective side walls and having depth and width defined respectively by the suboor and the body side Wall and next adjacent longitudinal member at respective sides of the vehicle to provide floor and side wall surfaces for each trench, and removable cover plates for the trenches extending from said next adjacent longitudinal members substantially to said body side walls at the normal floor level of the vehicle.

21. ln a vehicle having body side walls and an underframe including longitudinal members, a floor having a suboor portion extending between and secured to said side walls and an upper portion at the normal iloor level of the vehicle extending between and secured to said longitudinal members, a trench at each side of the vehicle extending along the respective side walls and having depth and width defined respectively by the subfloor and the body side wall and next adjacent longitudinal member at respective sides of the vehicle to provide iloor and side wall surfaces for each trench, hot and cold Water pipes extending longitudinally in one of the trenches adjacent one of the side walls thereof and a steam pipe in said trench, brackets supporting said pipes at varying heights above the trench floor to pitch the pipes, and removable cover plates for the trenches extending from said next adjacent longitudinal members substantially to said body side walls at the normal floor level of the vehicle.

22. ln a vehicle having body side walls and an underframe including longitudinal members, a floor having a subiloor portion extending between and secured to said side walls and an upper portion at the normal floor level of the vehicle extending between and secured to said longitudinal members, a trench at each side of the vehicle extending along the respective side walls and having depth and width dened respectively by the subiloor and the body side wall and next adjacent longitudinal member at respective sides of the vehicle to provide oor and side Wall surfaces for each trench, hot and cold water pipes extending longitudinally in one of the trenches adjacent one of the side walls thereof and a steam pipe in said trench, and removable cover plates for the trenches extending from said next adjacent longitudinal members substantially to said body side walls at the normal floor level of the vehicle.

23. In a vehicle having body side walls and an underframe including longitudinal members, a floor having a sublloor portion extending to said side walls and an upper portion at the normal iloor level of the vehicle extending over the major portion of the width of said floor at least to one of said longitudinal members next adjacent one of said side walls, a trench in said floor extending along one of said side walls having depth and width defined respectively by said subfloor portion and the body side wall and next adjacent longitudinal member to provide floor and sidewall surfaces for the trench, and a removable cover plate for the trench extending from said next adjacent longitudinal member substantially to said one body s1de wall at the normal floor level of the vehicle.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 859,380 Gibson July 9, 1907 1,883,896 Garland Oct. 25, 1932 1,913,002 Russell et al. June 6, 1933 2,035,419 Beezhold Mar. 24, 1936 2,044,733 Mussey June 16, 1936 2,113,775 Van Vulpen Apr. 12, 1938 2,143,547 Dean Jan. 10, 1939 2,191,526 Flogans Feb, 27, 1940 2,250,523 Christiansen et al July 29, 1941 2,478,620 Arnold Aug. 9, 1949 2,500,642 Morse et al Mar. 14, 1950

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