US2692015A - Air guide for oil burners - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 19, 1954 B. K. BREED AIR GUIDE FOR OIL BURNERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 21, 1952 INVENTOR Ban 222L111 11. Breed ATTORNEY Oct. 19, 1954 B. K. BREED 2,692,015

AIR GUIDE FOR OIL BURNERS Filed Feb. 21, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 19, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AIR GUIDE FOR OIL BURNERS Bowman"K..Breed,.Garden City,.N..Y., assignor to Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corporation, New York, N.. Y a corporation of Delaware Application February 21, 1952', SerialNo; 272,833

8 Claims. 1.

This invention relates to" oil burnersand has particular-reference to an improved arrangement for controlling. the path of flow of' the air. supplied for combustion in burners of the mechanical atomizing type.

An object of theinvention is to so control the flow of air. discharged in an annular. path surrounding the atomizing nozzle-thatintimate mixture of air and oil droplets is obtained.

Still another object is to so control theflow path of the air that it may be variedto obtaina wide Or bushy flame or a narrow elongated-flame; depending entirely upon the needs inherent for any particular installation.

Arrangements seeking these same objectives have been devised heretofore but for various reasons have proved. unsatisfactory; A particular object of this invention is to eliminate the objectionable features of such arrangements as have been made available, such as circumferentially spaced radially extending flexible vanes which may be flexed to one position or another for controlling the path of air flow,.described in Ruff Patent 2,280,638,. and such arrangements as Ravnsbeck 2,522,131 describes. wherein the blades are composite in nature, one of the two component sections being. adjustable with reference to the other about a pivot point to vary the overall contour of a. continuous blade. In. such structures as Ravnsbeck discloses, andin all others of which I am. aware, the guidebladeswhich are in some way adjustable to vary the path of flow of the air are in efiectcontinuous.

In carrying out. my invention I utilize. two rugged parts in the form of castings having integral therewith cooperating air guide blades or vanes, the two castings being rotatable withrespect to each other to adjust for varying directional movement of the air. Allofthe pivot pins and interengaging parts subject to wear and tear, etc., which are a necessary part ofv the prior art devices. to which reference has been made, are eliminated by my construction.

Still another object of the invention is to increase the' flexibility and delicacy of adjustment for varying the nature of the flame obtained. Heretofore it has been customary when adjusting to change the direction of flow-of all of the air discharged around the burner nozzle. The adjustment provided by my invention results in a change of direction of flow of some, only of the air supply as distinguished from the total air supply and in effect results in a splitting of the flow, permitting some of the air to continue in a predetermined fixedpath while deflecting the remainder of the air as desired.

. parts throughout the several figures, and where- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section througha, burner. embodying my improvedaair guide;

Fig. 2. is a section along line 22 of Fig. I;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the air guide plate;

Fig.4 is a sectionthroughd-lof Fig. 3;

Fig.5 is a rear elevation of the cover for the fan casing, and

Fig. 6 isa partial section along 66 of Fig, 5.

My invention has been illustrated as embodied in a moreor less conventional type of rotary oil burner of the mechanical atomizing type which embodies an oil feed. tube ill through which oil under pressure issupplied. to a fuel tube tipt2 surrounded by a motor-driven rotary atomizing cup 14.

Within. the fan casing I6 is a rotary fan l8 which is motor driven. Fan casing cover 20' is secured to the casing by means of circumferentially spaced bOlts- 22; the cover being flared out.- wardly to. form a central opening in the form ofa tapered air discharge nozzle 24 which surrounds the: atomizing assembly. Qther conventional parts are secured integrally with the cover. 20-, such as the nozzle shield. 26 within which is an igniter. assembly 28 and the ignition junction box 35 which is secured to furnace plate 32 surrounding the nozzle shield.

Beferring now particularly to my improved air guide arrangement,. a series. of curved. vanes or bladesM-are cast integrally with fan casing cover 20.. These blades are spaced circumferentially around. the outer marginal inside surface of the cover, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. In. the arrangement disclosed wherein there are six blades or vanes 3'4 casti'ntegral with the casing cover 25!, each alternate blade is provided at its inner end with a lug 36' which is bored and internally threaded to receive a bolt for. purposesv to be described hereinafter.

Cooperable with the cover 20 and its integrally cast inwardly extending vanes 34'is a guide plate 38 whichis of substantially the same diameter as the cover plate 25, but somewhat less for reasons that are apparent. Cast integrally with guide plate 38 are a series of vanes or blades 4'0 which are spaced cir-cumferentially around the plate in the same manner as vanes 34 and are adapted to cooperate therewith. Circumferentially spaced around guide plate 38 outside the outer. margins of vanes 40 are a series of arcuate slots 42" cover 2:! from movement in a counterclockwise.

direction to movement in a longitudinal plane of the oil shaft. If not further turned, this air would travel forward through the passage around the atomizer and leave the air nozzle traveling parallel to the shaft. A narrow, long, straight fire would result.

However, vanes 34 are, in effect, extended by secondary vanes 48 which further turn the in-' coming air and cause it to follow a clockwise rotation around the shaft. This clockwise rotation is maintained as the air moves forward toward the air nozzle. The degree of rotation determines the angle of the fire. If maximum clockwise rotation is provided by secondary vanes 49 the angle of fire will be increased. The flame will be wide and short and have a maximum atomization and flame retention. This maximum effect is obtained when the air guide casting 33 having integral therewith the secondary vanes 40 is so adjusted that primary vanes 3E and secondary vanes ii] are in alignment. This position is illustrated in Fig. 2 and obtains when flat-headed bolts 44 are at one limit of their permissible movement in slots 42. This end of the slot may be designated W, signifying a wide flame, and the other end of the slot may be designated N, signifying a narrow flame adjustment.

When the secondary vanes 40 are rotated out of alignment with primary vanes 34, some of the air flowing inwardly from the periphery of the fan casing will not impinge upon the secondary vanes Ml and thus will be only straightened. Another portion of the air flowing inwardly will impinge upon both the primary vanes 34 and the secondary vane 40, and as a result of this impingement on secondary vane 40 the air so impinging will be deflected into a rotary path. The combination of the two effects will result in less clockwise rotation of the air in its entirety and the angle of fire will be decreased.

As will be apparent from the description thus far, the angle of fire may be varied from wide to "narrow by merely rotating the air guide plate 38 from the position designated W toward the position designated N. This is accomplished simply by removing bolts 22, which permits removal of fan casing cover 20. The three flatheaded screws 44 may then be loosened, the air guide casting rotated as desired, and the screws retightened. The casing cover 20 may then be replaced.

My improved arrangement, while not providing external adjustment, possesses the important advantage of simplicity and ruggedness which more than ofisets the complications inherent in devices earlier described. It eliminates all possibility of rattling and all danger of loss of adjustment in the vanes, a very frequent and undesirable feature which inheres in the various known mechanisms available for this purpose. One or two trial adjustments of my construction will result in the desired settings, although for most installations the construction is such that 4 the wide or W position will prove most advantageous.

It should also be noted that air guide plate 38 with its integral secondary vanes 40, eliminates the need for a separate baffle plate used in conjunction with the continuous vanes of available devices. Such baffie plates are secured separately in the assembly and, in addition to the vanes, constitute elements which must be serviced and regulated.

Having described a preferred embodiment of my invention, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and for that reason I wish to limit myself only Within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In an oil burner, the combination of a casing means having a longitudinal axis and axially spaced walls, one of said walls having a discharge opening positioned transversely of the centered about said longitudinal axis, means for providing a source of air at the outer periphery of the space between said spaced walls, air control means including outer air control means leading from said source of air and inner air control means discharging at said discharge opening, said outer air control means being positioned between said walls and defining inwardly extending primary air passages for channeling the fio-w of air from the outer periphery of said walls inwardly toward said inner air control means, said inner air control means being positioned between said walls and defining inwardly extending secondary air passages for channeling the flow of air from the outlet of said outer air control means to said discharge opening, said primary and secondary air passages when in alignment forming a plurality of continuous passages from the outer periphery of said walls to said discharge opening, and adjusting means for enabling predetermined disalignment of said primary and secondary air passages for forming discontinuous passages, the air from each of said primary air passages being divided and passed through two adjacent secondary air passages when said primary and secondary air passages are disaligned.

2. In an oil burner, the combination of a casing means having a longitudinal axis and axially spaced walls, one of said walls having a dis-' charge opening positioned transversely of and centered about said longitudinal axis, means for providing a source of fuel at said opening, means for providing a source of air at the outer periphery of the space between said spaced walls, air control means including outer vanes and inner vanes, said outer vanes being positioned between said walls and defining inwardly extending primary air passages for channeling the flow of air from the outer periphery of said walls inwardly toward said inner vanes, said inner vanes being positioned between said walls and defining inwardly extending secondary air passages for channeling the flow of air from the outlet of said outer vanes to said discharge opening, said primary and secondary air passages when in alignment forming a plurality of continuous passages from the outer periphery of said walls to said discharge opening, and adjusting means for enabling predetermined disalignment of said primary and secondary air passages for forming discontinuous passages, the air from each of said primary air passages being divided and passed through two adjacent secondary air passages when said primary and secondary air passages are disaligned.

3. In an oil burner in accordance with claim 2 and wherein said outer vanes are contoured to control the flow of air thereover in a manner such that the flow is urged in a direction along said longitudinal axis and wherein said inner vanes are contoured to control the flow of air thereover in a manner such that the air is urged to rotate about said longitudinal axis.

4. In an oil burner in accordance with claim 3 and wherein said means for providing a source of air at the outer periphery of the space between said spaced walls comprises a blower operable to create a flow of air in a circular path.

5. In an oil burner the combination of a casing means with a longitudinal axis having a cover and a wall plate axially spaced from said cover, said cover having a discharge opening potioned transversely of and centered about said longitudinal axis, means for providing a source of fuel at said opening, a blower mounted in said casing operable to create air flow in a circular path at the outer periphery of the space between said cover and said wall plate, air control means including outer and inner air control means, said outer air control means comprising identical, arcuate, primary vanes circumferential- 1y spaced around and integral with said cover, said primary vanes defining primary air passages for channeling the flow of air from said outer periphery toward said inner air control means, said inner air control means comprising identical, arcuate, secondary vanes circumferentially spaced around and integral with said wall plate, said secondary vanes defining secondary air passages for channeling the flow of air from said primary air passages to said discharge opening, said primary and secondary vanes when in alignment forming a plurality of continuous passages from said outer periphery to said discharge opening, and adjusting means for enabling predetermined disalignment of said primary and secondary air passages for forming discontinuous passages, the air from each of said primary air passages being divided and passed through two adjacent secondary air passages when said primary and secondary air passages are disaligned.

6. In an oil burner in accordance with claim 5 and wherein said primary vanes are contoured to control the flow of air thereover in a manner such that the flow is urged from its circular path into a direction along said longitudinal axis and wherein said secondary vanes are contoured to control the flow of air thereover in a manner such that the air is urged to rotate about said longitudiinal axis in a circular path counter to its original direction of movement.

7. In an oil burner in accordance with claim 6 and said cover having circumferentially spaced, internally threaded lugs, said wall plate having arcuate slots at circumferentially spaced locations corresponding to the lugs on said cover, and bolts extending through said slots into said lugs, thereby enabling alignment or predetermined disalignment of said primary and secondary vanes.

8. In an oil burner in accordance with claim 7 and wherein said means for providing a source of fuel comprises a rotatable oil atomizing cup having its axis aligned with said longitudinal axis.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,108,621 Straitz Feb. 15, 1938 2,165,191 Kucher July 4, 1939 2,280,638 Ruff Apr. 21, 1942 2,314,572 Chitz Mar. 23, 1943 2,351,516 Jandasek June 13, 1944 2,522,131 Ravnsbeck Sept. 12, 1950

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