US2691874A

US2691874A - Absorption refrigerating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2691874A
Application number: US217728A
Authority: US
Inventors: Martin Rene
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1950-03-30
Filing date: 1951-03-27
Publication date: 1954-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 1971-10-19

Description

Oct. 19, 1954 MARTIN 2,691,874

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 27, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.|

Oct. 19, 1954 R. MARTIN 2,691,874

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 27, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 19, 1954 R. MARTIN ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 27, 1951 FIG.5

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Avior/7e! Patented Oct. 19, 1954 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE Claims priority, application Morocco March 30, 1950 2 Claims.

The present invention is relative to continuous cycle, absorption type refrigerating apparatus, operating from any heat source (electricity, gas, kerosene) In apparatus known at present, it is common to note that the heat exchanger is placed adjacent to the boiling element, or, in some cases concentrically thereto, but in these two cases, the emulsifier or thermal pump is not always placed on the central tube of the boiler, or, if so, the thermal contact not being suiiicient to give the emulsifier an adequate activity, a small diameter tube is associated with it, whichv extends it and, being wound around the central tube of the boiler, increases the contact area.

It is common, also, to note, on existing apparatus, that the steam tube, collecting the vapours of the boiler to the condensing element, connects directly said two elements, to allow the water vapours carried away with ammonia vapours to condense, so that only vapours rich in ammonia are allowed into the condenser; there is often added a water separator consisting of aset of inner baflies, and outer cooling fins, a suitable slope making it posible for the condensed water vapour to come back to the boiler.

The present invention covers a continuous cycle, absorption type refrigerating apparatus wherein:

(a) The thermal pump or emulsifier is in direct and intimate contact, by welding, with the boiler tube.

(1)) The vapour tube is amply dimensioned and offers, at its lower portion, baffles, for separating the refrigerating medium from its vehicle.

(0) The upper portion of the vapour tube is arranged above the condenser and cooled by the air stream rising from the latter.

(d) The tube forming the coil of the evaporator offers, inside, striations, perpendicular to the direction of flow of the refrigerating medium, for braking it and fractioning it so as to allow its complete combination with the vehicle.

(e) Plates are clamped on the coil of the evaporator, some forming an arch and others forming the ground, so as to constitute compartments wherein are housed ice drawers and possibly the products to be frozen.

One type of embodiment of the object of the invention is represented, by way of example, in the appended drawings.

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the apparatus.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus.

Figure 3 is a plane view, partly cut away, of the apparatus.

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vapour tube and corresponding to line tll of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line 55 of Figure 4.

In Figure 1, l designates the boiler tube, which is heated by any heat source (electricity, gas or kerosene). This tube is extended, at its upper portion, by a vapour tube 2, assuming the shape of a V, the end of which 2a opens into the condenser 3 which is connected by means of the tube 4 with the evaporator 5, placed in the refrigerating cupboard. The tube 5 is extended, upwards, by a return circuit 6, "i to the absorber 8 which opens at its lower end into a tank 9, connected through a tube It with the temperature exchanger II. The thermal pump [2 is Welded except at its upper part (Figure 1) to the base la of the boiler I. To this effect, an intense metal fusion is effected between the body of the boiler l and the pump i2. This pump, connected with the temperature exchanger ll through a tube l3 projects the mixture of the refrigerating medium and its vehicle up to the upper portion lb of the boiler I through the tube I4. The ararngement of the pump i2 with respect to the boiler l allows a suitable activity of the latter, since a thermal contact is directly ensured. The vapour tube 2, connected to the upper portion of the boiler tube 1 is amply dimensioned and comprises, at its lower portion, baiiles 2b (Figures 4.and 5), while its upper portion, passing above the condenser 3 utilizes, for its cooling, without the use of any fins, the upward forced air stream issuing from the fins of the condenser 3, which ensures it a sufiicient cooling. This condenser is a two-stage condenser and is arranged in such a manner that its ventilation be not hindered by the vapour tube 2. Further, the evaporator 5, which is of the coil type, comprises one or more metal plates 16, firmly clamped on to the coil 55. Some of these plates form the ground and others form the arch of compartments wherein are housed ice drawers and possibly the products to be frozen. This arrangement allows a transmission with a perfect thermal conductivity between the coil 15, the plates l6 and the products to be preserved.

There occurs in the evaporator 5, in addition to the evaporation of the refrigerating agent, producing cold, a fractioning and a combination of the agent with the neutral gas which is used as its vehicle, and which is generally hydrogen. This combination should be as complete as possible, and in order that part of this refrigerating agent does not leave the coil in a liquid condition,

the latter comprises inner helical striations I! (Figure 3). These striations are perpendicular to the direction of flow of the refrigerating agent and consist of a close pitched tapping. The effect of these striations is to brake the flow of the refrigerating agent and to fraction it to allow its combination with the vehicle and thus avoid its leaving the evaporator 5 in a liquid condition to return to the absorbing element 8 before its complete evaporation, which would have the efiect of causing a substantial decrease in efficiency of the refrigerating unit.

I claim:

1. A refrigerating apparatus of the absorption 1 type, comprising a heating tube, a boiler arranged concentrically with said tube, a vapor tube issuing from the upper portion of the boiler, said vapor tube with a V-shaped large section, with superposed and substantially horizontal branches starting from the upper portion of the boiler,

bafiies, placed in the lower branch of said tube, a condenser placed between the two branches of the v-shaped vapor tube and connected with the upper portion of said tube, an evaporator to be placed in the chamber to be refrigerated, an absorber in communication with said evaporator, a tank in which the absorber opens, a heat exchanger comprising two tubes placed concentrically to one another, the outer tube connected with the upper portion of the absorber at one end and at the other end with the under portion of the said boiler, a conduit between the tank and the inner tube of the heat exchanger, a thermal pump welded on the heating tube and arranged in heat conductive relation therewith, said thermal pump being connected at its upper portion with the inner tube of the heat exchanger, said latter being wound in spirals around the lower portion of the heating tube, and a small diameter tube connected with the upper portion of the thermal pump rising along the boiler and connected with the upper portion of said boiler.

2. A refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type, comprising a heating tube, a boiler arranged concentrically with said tube, a vapor tube issuing from the upper portion of the boiler, said vapor tube with a V-shaped large section, with superposed and substantially horizontal branches starting from the vupper'portior'i of the boiler, baflies, placed in the lower branch'of said tube, a condenser placed between the two branches of the V-shaped vapor tube and connected with the upper portion of said tube, an evaporator to be placed in the chamber to be refrigerated, an absorber in communication with said evaporator, a tank in which the absorber opens, a heat exchanger comprising two tubes placed concentrically to one another, the outer tube connected with the upper portion of the absorber at one end and at the other end with the under portion of the said boiler, a conduit between the tank and the inner tube of the heat exchanger, a thermal pump welded on the heating tube and arranged in heat conductive relation therewith, said thermal pump having an upper part detached from said heating tube and connected to the inner tube of the heat exchanger,

said latter being wound in spirals around the lower portion of the heating tube, and a small diameter tube connected with the detached upper portion of the thermal pump rising along the boiler and connected with the upper portion of France Sept, "7, 1949 war