US266416A - Pagnie generale de salubrite - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

- 4 SheetsSheet 1. 'J B. BERLIER. PNEUMATIG APPARATUS FOR lREMOVING NIGHT SOIL FROM GBSSPOOLS.

ity/Patented Oct. 24,1882.

INVENTOR WlTNEssEs I (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. B. BERLIER.

PNBUMATIG APPARATUS PORV REMOVING NIGHT SOIL PROM GESSPOOLS.

No. 266,416. Patented Oct. 24. 1882. A

WITNESSES; INVENTOR;

3 Lg/jf? i5 PETERS. Plolo-Lilbogmphnr. wnsmngmn. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. B. BERLIBR.

PNBUMATIG APPARATUS FOB, RBMOVING NIGHT SOIL PROM GEssPooLs; No.266416. 4,1882.

WITNESSES:

(No Model.) v 4 Sheets-Sheet 4'.

J. B. BERLIER. PNUMATIC APPARATUSFOR` M .IVIOVIITG NIGHT SOIL FROM GESSPOOLS.

INVENTOR.:

Patented Oct. 24, l1862.

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WITHESSES:

arten rares Parent trice.

JEAN BAPTISTE BERLIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO THE CONI- PAGNIERGENERALE DE SALUBRITE, OF SAA/IE PLACE.

PNEUMATIC APPARATUS FOR REMOVING NIGHT-SOIL FROM CESSPOOLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,416, dated October 24, 1882.

Application filed January 1'2, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, JEAN BAPTISTE BERLiEu, of Paris, France, have invented an Improved Pneumatic Apparatus for Removing Night Soil from Cesspools, applicable also to public urinals and apparatus used therein; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed sheets ot drawings, making a part ot` the same, and that I have received French Letters Patent for said invention, dated March 14, 1881, and numbered 141,763, for the term of it'teen years.

lThis invention relates to a combination of means and arrangements of apparatus const-ituting a complete pneumatic system of removing night-soil, whereby thedeposit, handling, and carting of nightsoil are avoided, and the escape of noxious gas and vapors entirely prevented.

The chief feature of the invention consists in the employment ot' an extensive system ot' pneumatic tubing for conveying the night-soil from the cesspool or place whereitis deposited to the works, to be converted into-chemical products and manure.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood, I have illustrated examples ot' the various apparatus in the accompanying drawings.

iFigures 1 and 2 represent, respectively in longitudinal and transverse sect-ion, the sewer or sub-way in which the pneumatic tubeis laid, and also illustrating'the discharge of the nightsoilinto said tube througlithe portable strainer hereinafter described.

The pneumatic tube G is formed of strong pipes, united by spigot and socket joints or otherwise, and either placed in a sewer or sub- Way,-as shown, or laid in the ground. The tube G is provided at intervals with a branch pipe, F, titted with a cock, upon which may be placed a gage to indicate the vacuum at dit'- t'erent points ot' the tube, so that any obstruction may be readily localized.

A is a pipe supplying water under pressure for flushing the pneumatic tube, a valve, a., at other times intercepting the communication between the two pipes A and G. A special discharge-pipe is provided forcarrying ott1 the tl ushing-water, as will be hereinafter explained.

(No model.) Patented in France Marcil 14, 188i, No. 141,763.

The night-soil is led into pipe G through the pipe B, which communicates with the portable strainer D through the valvebox C, (represented in vertical section in Fig. 1, and also on a larger scale in Fig. 8,) which is let into the pavement, as shown, and is constructed ot' a cast-iron casing, a2, with a strong cast-iron cover, b, level with the ground, having a roughened surface and secured by a lock, the keyhole ot' which is closed by asciew plug. The valve-box incloses a screw-down valve, c d, the valve d being ot" india-rubber, by which the thoroughfare through the pipeB is regulated, and also a mouth-piece or short pipe, f, placed just below the ground level and closed b va locked cast-iron cover. When connection is to be made the cover b ot' the casing a2 is taken oti',the cover ot' piecej'of pipe untasicned, the valve d screwed up, and the pipe from the strainer D is then connected to the pipe f. 'Ih'e casing a2 also contains atwo-way cock, g, on a small pipe, h, branching from the upper part-,6, of pipe B, t'or the. attachment of a pressure-gage.

The cart or tank containing the night-soil is connected by a hose, E, attached at i to the portable strainer D, and the strainer D (which is separately represented 011 a larger scale in Figs. 4, 5, and ti) is connected, by a pipe attached to it atj, to the pipe fin the valvebox. The strainer D is made of a wrought-iron casing closed by an air tight cover, k, and contains concentric gratings l for intercepting foreign matters.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent an elevation 'and plan of the arrangement ot' machinery and apparatus for discharging the soil at the works. In these two gures H is the discharge-pipe for the Water used for tlushing the pneumatic tube, the communication being closed by a valve, b2, when the nightsoil is being. exhausted. ceived. c c c2 are valves for controlling the different stages ot the operation g J, rotary or force pump communicating with tank I, and also by pipe N with the general depot ot' nightsoil; K, air pump; L, steamengiue for driving` the shafting cl2, which works pumps; M, exhaust-pipe connecting air-pump'Kwith tank I; 0, tank containing a little water through which the gases are discharged from the air- I is the tank in which the soil is re- IOO pump, passing thence by pipe F to the boilerfurnace,wherethey are consumed; c2,overtlow pipe ot' tank t). An engine ot' five-horse power would be sutiicient for a pneumatic tube three kilometers long and eighteen centimeters in diameter. XVith such a tube a vacuum of twenty-one inches of mercury can be obtained by means of' air-pump K in thirty-tiveminutes. At starting, the air-inlet cock g2 should be closed and the cock f2 in pipe M opened, the valves o c2 closed and c opened, the operation heilig then performed in thei'ollowing manner: The gage on pipe g in the valve-box C shows the night-man when the pressure is such that he should commence operations. Said gage is a suitable pressure gage, showing while the valve d is closed how much pressure there is in the pipes 13 71.. rlhe valve d in the valvebox and that ot' the tank are then opened, and the soil is exhausted through the strainer D into the tube G, by which it is conveyed into tank I. The engineer at the works watches the level ot' the soil in the tank I, which is indicated by a gage-glass, and when su'i'iiciently full the working ot' the air-pum p l( is stopped. The cock f2 is then closed and valve c'zopeued, and the rotary pump J started to pump the soil from tank I to the general depot, the vacumn being all the while maintained in tank I.

,Ey this mode ot' operating the work is peri formed uninterruptedly, the night-soil continuously owing into tank l, and being simultaneously pumped thence to the general depot. The exhausting action is so regulated as to maintain the same pressure in the tube. The air-pump, however, should be left in communication with the tank to remove any air that may leak in. The discharge of thetanks or carts into the pneumatic tube may be performed in the street without nuisance, as no smell escapes, the gases being` rapidly exhausted to the works. The discharge ot' the soil from the tank 1 is facilitated by the agitation or state ot' apparent ebullition due to the extrication ot' the air in the mass by the pump and the e vaporation produced by the diminution of pressure, whereby the solid matters are maintained in suspension in the liquid. This ebullition has an important influence upon the success ofthe operatiomas it prevents all deposit ot' the solid matters.

Instead ot' conveying the tanks tilled with night-soil to a certain point to be discharged by the pneumatic tube, as above described, the said tube may bc laid in the ground or in the sewers in proximity to the houses, and

connected by pipes with the tanks and strainers of this invention, which are placed in the house-vaults or beneath public urinals.

I employ novel arrangements for collecting the urine, from which various products may be obtained. Figs. J and 1t) represent an ar` rangement which may be employed when itis required to siphon the pneumatic tube. Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section of the main sewer opposite a branch sewer. Fig. l() is a section at right angles thereto through the branch. A2 is the main sewer, and 1) the branch opening into it; G2, main pneumatic tube, and D2 branch pneumatic tube connecting with it; E2, pipe for collecting the gases, communicating with the main pneumatic tube by pipes F2, said pipe E2 also serving to bal` ance the pressure ot' the gases in case of obstruction ot' the bend ot' the siphon. Supposing the matters to arrive suddenly from o2, and that there is an accumulation ot' gases at a6, a momentary stoppage would be caused; but by the arrangement shown the gases escape at. cAl through pipe Wand reservoir Eand continue their progress toward o3, while the matters contained in the bend 'lri ot' the siphon also resume their progress toward ci.

I claiml. The pneumatic tube G, combined with purge-pipe A, cock a, supply-pipe Il), and with apparatus, substantially as described, for crcating suction in pipe Gr, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The strainer D, combined with pipes 'i /j and gratings?. and with the pneumatic tube (r and pipe B, with which it communicates, slibstantialiy as specitied.

3. The valve-box C, combined with valve c d, mouth-pieccj",and with the pneumatic tube G aud pipe B, with which it communicates, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. rlhe combination of the pipe E, strainer D, valve-box G, pipe 1E, pneumatic pipe (l, water-supply pipe A, and valve a with apparatus, substantially as specified, for creating a vacuum in the pipe G, as set t'orth.

5. The combination ot' pipc C2, having bend b3, with the pipes F2 and E2, for the passage of gases where the pneumatic tube is siphoned in case otl any obstructimi in the bend ot' the siphon, as described.

JEAN BAPTISTE BlltLlICl-t.

\Vitnesses:

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