US2656637A

US2656637A - Shot patterning recoil compensator for firearms

Info

Publication number: US2656637A
Application number: US6437A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kenneth D Richards
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1948-02-05
Filing date: 1948-02-05
Publication date: 1953-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 1970-10-27

Description

0 1953 K. D. RICHARDS 2,656,637

SHOT PATTERNING RECOIL COMPENSATOR FOR FIREARMS Filed Feb. 5, 1948 INVENTOR. KENNETH D. QmHARos '4 1 f) 4 F165 4 M 51437 Patented Oct. 27, 1953 SHOT PATTERNING RECOIL COMPENSATOR FOR FIREARMS Kenneth "D. Richards, Gardner, Mass.

Application-February 5, 1948, Serial No. 6,437

12 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a recoil compensator for firearms particularly shotguns, having as an integral part thereof a continuously variable control shot pattern. device the latter forming a necessary operative part of the former, and being effective to deflect and direct expanding gases for greater efficiency of the compensating recoil action. The present invention is an improvement over that disclosed in my co'pendi'ng application s. N. 734,994., filed November 10, 194.7.

The principal object of the present invention resides in the provision of a device "as above stated, said device being made 'of two parts only, that is, an inner. co'ntractible shell, sleeve, or cylinder, which is directly attachable to "the muzzle of the shotgun barrel and which is provided with gas escape ports adjacent the muzzle oi the shotgun barrel; in combination with outer shell, sleeve, or cylinder, threadedly iii-taunted on the inner shell and rotatably and longitudinally movable thereon by means of said threads, the outer shell having an inclined forward end portion cooperating with a complementary inclined end portion on the contractible shell to continuously vary the degree of choke; said outer shell being provided with a series of slots and being for the most part spaced from the inner shell so that the gases escaping through the ports of the inner shell enter the space between the two shells and finally escape through the slots, the arrangement of the ports and slots being such that the expand- 'ing gases impinge on the lateral edges of the slots and tend to counteract the recoil of the firearm.

Other objects of the invention include the pro= vision of a device as above stated in which the forward end of the inner shell has a diameter such as to contact the interior of the outer shell firmly locating the parts so that theyeamiot shift relative to each other and insuring agains't explosion or deformation of the inner shell by reason of the fact that it is bound tightly by the outer shell regardless of the relative longitudinal ad .iustment of the outer shell on the inner shell.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provision or" indicating means for setting the adjustment of the outer shell to provide shot patterns of forty per cent. to seventy-five per cent. in the thirty inch circle at forty yards, as opposed to the usual designation of open cylinder, modified choke, full choke, etc.,this being an immovement in the art due to the fact thatthe shooter is enabled to have a much finer adjiist ment than has been possible heretofore and, at the same time, he can have an exact adjustment as, for instance, forty-seven per cent. or any in terpolation between forty per cent, and sevnty= 2 five per cent. which has never been hereterere possible.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to b had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a View in elevation;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section on line of 2;

Fig. 4 is a-se'ction on line 44 of Fig.2; and

Fig. 5 is a reduced longitudinal section of the inner shell only.

In illustrating the present invention the same is shown as applied to the muzzle of a sho'tgdn barreI I!) which is especially screw threaded as at l2 for the purpose. -It is to be noted that the present invention although achieving all the suits and advantages of the inventiondescr'ibed in the above identified application, has been sinnplified to a great extent and comprises but two er One of these parts is referred to as the shell and it is generally indicated at M. This inner shell is in the nature of a sleeveor cylinder and is provided at its forward end with an in clined surface in the form of a hollow cone as at It. This surface diverges rearwardly to the widest eii'tent thereof indicated at it, and then the contour of the shell is reduced to the main body thereof, which extends rearwardly to a houlder 20 having a diameter the same as the diameter orthe portion at IS: The main body oi the shell is longitudinally slotted as indicated at 22, so that as the segments formed by the slots 22 are compressed, the effect of choking action of the shotgun is varied. I g The enlarged portion 20 is eifteriorly screw threaded at 23 for a urpose to be describedahd the screw threaded portion terminates in a plane portion 24, which isint'e'riorly screw threaded as at 25 to mesh with threads l2 above described.

The enlarged portion 20 is provided with a series or milled slots 26 which extend through the Wall of the shell and provide gas escape passages from the interior of the shell to the exterior thereer. These nets are beveled as shown at it so as to insure against passage of shot.

The outer shell is g nerally indicated at a; and is provided with internal screw threads 31} ing with the threads 23 on the port on 2!] so as to longitudinally adjust'ably secure the two shells together. Shell 28 is provided ivithseiiesiif slats 32 and as clearly shown in Fig. '2, expanding gas escapethrough the slots '26 into the space tween the shells and are thereby guided thence out through slots 32, impinging on the forward edges of the slots so as to counteract the recoil of the firearm.

The forward end of the shell 28 is provided with an inwardly directed conical surface 3% complementary to surface it on the inner shell and it will be seen that as the outershell is rotated on the inner shell, it will be moved lengthwise so as to contract the segments ofthe inner shell or allow the same to expand thus continually varying the degree of choke imparted to the shot column by the inner shell. The inner shell is always firmly located and positioned against the interior of the outer shell as by the enlarged shoulder or rib construction at 8, so that there is no danger of blowing up or exploding the inner shell.

of the expanding gases will have to be released prior to the issue of the shot column from the compensator, giving better and more uniform patterns.

- The rear end of the outer shell 28 is graduated on its entire circumference for three hundred and sixty degrees into graduations from forty per .4 former, the gas ports lying atleast partially in the region of the reduced exterior diameter of the inner shell, said reduced portion forming a chamber between shells, and the slots leading from the chamber to the exterior of the outer shell.

' 2. The compensator of claim 1 including enlarged means at the forward end of the inner shell contacting the outer shell, the latter backing up the innershell against the radially outward rushof expanding gases.

3. A device of the class described comprising a pair of spaced generally concentric sleeves,

means to secure one sleeve to a firearm barrel,

bility and means on the outer sleeve to contract;

' the same, gas ports through the inner sleeve to the space between sleeves, and slots in'the outer sleeve located forwardly of the gas ports, so that expanding gases pass'laterally out of the device,

reducing recoil.

Fig. 1. The sight 36 may be used as an indicah;

4. The device of claim 3 including means at the forward end of the inner slotted sleeve bearing on the interiorwall of the outer sleeve and closing the space between sleeves forwardly of the slots in the outer sleeve.

5. A combined shot patterning and recoil reducing device for firearms, said device comprising two parts, said parts being in the nature of spaced concentric sleeves the inner sleeve being attached to the muzzle of a firearm, means to ing mark and whatever degree of shot pattern- 'ing the shooter wants is obtained merely by placing the outer shell in the correct rotational position relative to the sight 36. That is, if the shooter wishes to have a long range shot in a close pattern, he will necessarily turn the outer shell to the highest degree possible, i. e., seventy-five per cent. to obtain the full shot; but any degree whatsoever of any choke desired maybe obtained merely by twisting the outer shell. In this connection it is to be noted that a specific choke will not give the same effect with different loads and different sizes of shot. However, by interpolation the exactly correct degree of choke may be obtained after some experience. That is, if with one number of shot the shooter wants a sixty per cent. patterning, and he knows that with a different shot he will not get what he wants on sixty per cent. although theoretically he should, all he has to do is to vary the outer shell two or three degrees in order to obtain the correct patterning for the different shot. Therefore, with a little experience any user may instantly obtain exactly the correct pattern desired by the use of the present invention.

Having thus described my invention and the advantages thereof, I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed otherwise than as set forth in the claims, but what I claim is:

1. Shot patterning compensator for firearms comprising an inner slotted contractible shell adapted at one end for securement to the muzzle of a firearm barrel and extending forwardly thereof, the slots in the shell being substantially longitudinal and located at the other end thereof extending inwardly, said shell being exteriorly threaded adjacent the muzzle and then reduced in exterior diameter forwardly of the threads, gas ports in the inner shell, and an outer shell threaded to the inner shell and provided with slots, and interengaging means at the ends of the shells opposite the muzzle to contract the inner by the outer upon rotation of the latter on the longitudinally adjust the outer sleeve on the inner sleeve, the latter being longitudinally slotted for contraction, means on the outer sleeve to contract the slotted portion of the inner sleeve as the outer sleeve is adjusted on the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve having circumferentially spaced slots therein, and the inner sleeve having gas ports 5 adjacent the firearm muzzle so that expanding gases behind the shot pass through the gas ports, into the space between the shells, and laterally out the outer shell slots.

6. The device of claim 5 including circumferential means on the inner shell contacting the outer shell forwardly of the slots in the latter to block ofi the space between shells and to circumferentially support the inner shell against muzzle blast.

'7. A recoil reducing device comprising two spaced cylinders forming a gas chamber therebetween, gas ports in both cylinders, the ports in the inner cylinder being closer to the muzzle of a firearm to which the device is to be attached than the ports in the outer cylinder, so that expanding gases pass from the inner cylinder, longitudinally along the gas chamber, and then laterally out the ports in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder being longitudinally slotted at its end remote from the ports therein, and cooperating means on both cylinders at said end, to contract the slotted portion of the inner cylinder upon movement in one direction of the outer cylinder on the inner cylinder.

8. A recoil reducing device for a firearm comprising two spaced cylinders forming a gas chamber therebetween, gas ports in both cylinders, the ports in the inner cylinder being closer to the muzzle of the firearm to which the device is to be attached than the ports in the outercylinder, so that expanding gases pass from the inner cylinder, longitudinally along the gas chamber, and then laterally out the ports in the outer cylinder, the latter ports being transverse and presenting flat edges for impingement of the gases to counteract recoil, and means on the outer cylinder to contact the inner cylinder for variation in choke, the inner cylinder being longitudinally slotted at its end and said means comprising a threaded engagement for longitudinal movement of the outer cylinder on the inner cylinder and wedge type terminal portions on both cylinders to cause the inner cylinder to contract upon such movement in one direction.

9. A combined shot patterning and recoil reducing device for shot guns comprising an inner longitudinally slotted sleeve attachable in fixed position to the muzzle end of a shot gun barrel, said sleeve having a reduced portion between its ends at the exterior surface thereof, said reduced portion terminating in a shoulder or the like at each end thereof, the shoulder at the muzzle end of the device being threaded to adjustingly receive an outer sleeve, an outer sleeve threaded to the inner sleeve and having an interior wall contacting the enlarged shoulder at the forward end of the inner sleeve, cooperating conical surfaces on the sleeves to contract the inner sleeve to vary the shot pattern, transverse slots in the outer sleeve, there being a space between sleeves due to the reduced portion in the inner sleeve, the space between sleeves being blocked olf by the forward shoulder at the forward end of the device, gas ports through the inner sleeve into the space between sleeves but rearwardly of the slots, said ports being beveled.

10. A gun muzzle device comprising a shot passing choke tube having a longitudinally slit constrictable portion, a tubular cage disposed about said choke tube and having a portion spaced therefrom to form a gas passage between the tube and. cage, said choke tube containing aperture means near the rear of said slit portion through which gases are vented into said passage upon firing, gas outlet means in the wall of the cage leading from said passage to the atmosphere, and means carried by said cage for engaging and variably constricting said slit portion of the choke tube.

11. A gun muzzle device comprising a shot passing choke tube having a longitudinally slit constrictable portion, a tubular cage disposed about said choke tube and having a portion spaced therefrom to form a gas passage between the tube and cage, said choke tube containing aperture means near the rear of said slit portion through Which gases are vented into said passages upon firing, gas outlet means in the wall of the cage leading from said passage to the atmosphere, means mounting said cage for adjusting movement relative to said tube, and means carried by said cage operable to constrict said slit portion of the tube upon said relative adjusting movement of the cage.

12. A gun muzzle device comprising a shot passing choke tube having a forward constrictable portion containing longitudinal slits extending rearwardly from its forward end, a tubular cage disposed about said tube in radially spaced relation thereto to form a gas passage between the cage and tube, said choke tube containing aperture means to the rear of said tube slits through which gases are vented into said passage upon firing, outlet means in the wall of the cage leading from said passage to the atmosphere, a threaded joint rotatably connecting the rear portion of the cage to the tube rearwardly of said aperture means, and wedge means carried by a forward portion of the cage for rotation therewith and engaging and constricting the forward slit portion of the tube in accordance with said rotation.

KENNETH D. RICHARDS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS l-Eurnber Name Date Re. 20,958 White Dec. 27, 1938 1,598,360 Pavek Aug. 31, 1926 1,892,522 White Dec. 27, 1932 2,065,273 Galliot Dec. 22, 1936 2,101,850 Green Dec. 14, 1937 ,112,831 Cutts Apr. 5, 1938 2,153,246 Gibson Apr. 4, 1939 2,165,457 Cutts July 11, 1939 2,398,298 Finlay et a1. Apr. 9, 1946