US2647304A - Process of terne coating metal and terne coated product - Google Patents
Process of terne coating metal and terne coated product Download PDFInfo
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- US2647304A US2647304A US242496A US24249651A US2647304A US 2647304 A US2647304 A US 2647304A US 242496 A US242496 A US 242496A US 24249651 A US24249651 A US 24249651A US 2647304 A US2647304 A US 2647304A
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- Prior art keywords
- terne
- metal
- bath
- molten
- oil
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- 229910000648 terne Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 97
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 93
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 93
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 40
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 40
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003853 Pinholing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/08—Tin or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12701—Pb-base component
Definitions
- This invention relates to the terne coating of metal and to an improved terne coated prod-v uct. It relates particularly to an improvement in the manner of heating a bath of molten terne metal employed for hot dip terne coating whereby important improved results are obtained.
- Terne metal comprises lead and tin with lead in preponderance. Normally the percentage of tin is between about fifteen per cent. and somewhat over twenty per cent.; the remainder is substantially all lead except for impurities. g
- the metal to be coated is rst immersed in a ux bath, commonly zinc chloride, after which the metal being coated is immersed in a bathv of molten terne metal in a pot.
- a ux bath commonly zinc chloride
- the pot Prior to our invention the pot has been heated externally to maintain the bath of terne metal molten.
- the surface of the bath of molten terne metal is divided by a partition member and a bath of oil, usually palm oil or a combination of palm and mineral oils, is oated upon the bath of molten terne metal at one side of the partition member.
- the metal to be coated is introduced into the bath of molten terne metal at the side of the partition member opposite the side at which the oil bath floating upon the terne metal is disposed.
- the metal being coated passes through the bath of molten terne metal beneath the partition member and emerges through the oil bath.
- oil bath is well known in the art, the oil acting on the terne metal adhering to the metal being coated to produce a terne coating thereon which is continuous, smooth and desirably free from pin holes.
- the elorts of those skilled in the art have been directed to maintaining assmall a difference between the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal and the ash point of the oil as is consistent with safety.
- the minimum permissible flash point of the oil has been limited by so-called hotspots or localized zones of undesirably high 'temperature in the molten terne 3 claims. (ci. zei-.194)
- tin aids in bonding the terne metal to the metal being coated, contributes to a sound strong bond, renders the coating desirably fluid as it is applied to the metal being coated and minimizes pin holing which is one of the most common defects in terne coatings.
- tin has a much lower melting point than lead, so the greater the proportion of tin in the terne metal the lower will be the melting point of the terne metal and consequently the lowerA may be the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal and the lower may be the flash point of the oil forming the oil bath oating on the bath of molten terne metal.
- tin is incorporatedv in terne metal to between fteen and twenty-two percent.
- a rule of thumb as to the composition .ofy terne metal is' that it contains four parts of lead to one part of tin.
- tin is relatively scarce and diflicultly obtainable and for economic reasons it is necessary to reduce the proportion of tin in terne metal to an undesrably low proportion.
- government restrictions limit the proportion of tin which may be used in terne metal to ten per cent.
- Figure l is a central vertical longitudinal crosssectional view, takenon the line.
- I-I of Figure ⁇ 2 is a cross-sectional view of the a10- paratus shown in Figure L taken on the line H--Ii or" that ligure.
- the strip being coated is designated 2' and the pot is designated generally by reference numeral 3f.
- the strip is guided for movement through the pot by guide rollsrv 4, 5 and 6, conventional exit rollsl as known to those skilled in the art Anlagen-.ng employed in the usual manner.
- ux bor. ⁇ 8 which may be of conventional. structure containing a bath of ux, such as zine. chloride.
- ux such as zine. chloride.
- the strip before passing through the ux is desirablypretreated and washed as known to those skilled in the art,
- the 'Strip after passing through the flux in the uur box. 8 is immersed in. abate c. of, molten terne metal contained in the pot 3.
- the pot 3 ⁇ is supported by a framework lll and comprises upper portion thereof as shown in Figure 1 and extends outwardly and downwardly.
- the cross section of. each passage l5 preferably decreases from relatively great cross section inwardly of thepot to relatively small cross section outwardly of the pot.
- Each passage I6 communi- Cates with three outwardly and downwardly directed ducts Il which at their outer extremities enter a cross duct t8.
- a magnetic core 49 Disposed in 2 closed loop about the central one of the three ducts Il is a magnetic core 49 having formed on each of the legs thereof extending between the central duct Il and an outer duct l1 a coil 29 to which electric current is conducted.
- the current conducted to the coils 2U may, for example, ⁇ be 440 volt, single phase, 60 cycle alternating current.
- a low voltage is induced across the ducts l'l.
- the apparatus is analogous to a step-down transformer having a short-circuited secondary which is formed by molten metal filling the ducts ll and [8. Since the ducts il and i3 form a closed circuit a current will How in them. The current generates heat in the terne metal itself which is the heat maintaining the bath of terne metal molten.
- the heat generated in the metal causes a continuous and rapid thermal circulation of the molten terne metal across the pot which maintains the bath of molten terne metal at substantially uniform temperature throughout the bath. It inhibits the formation of hot spots in the bath and enables regulation of the bath temperature to an extent impossible when the pot is heated externally. Because of the close regulation and maintenance of a substantially uniform tempera.- ture throughout the bath of molten terne metal we are enabled to use with safety on the surface of' the molten terne metal an oil having a much lower flash point than could be used otherwise with a significant improvement in the quality of the coated product.
- a partition, member 2l extends across the pot substantially at right angles to the axis of the pot which joins the two passages lli so as to intersect the surface of the bath of molten terne metal 5 the bottom 'of the partition member 2l being disposed somewhat below the surface of the molten terne metal.
- the strip 2 is immersed in the molten terne metal 9, being introduced thereinto to the left of the partition member 2l viewing Figure l.
- the strip passes beneath the partition member 2 l and after passing about the guide rollv EY and between the exit rolls i is with ⁇ drawn from the pot to the right of the partition member 2
- a bath of oil 22 Disposed atop or floating upon the bath of molten terne metal to the right of the partition member 2l viewing Figure 1 is a bath of oil 22, which is the bath of oil above referred to and which has a flash point somewhat higher than the temperature of the bath 9.
- the bath 9 is substantially free from hot spots so there is no danger of igniting the oil bath 22 through localized increase of its temperature to or above the flash point of the oil.
- the heating of the bath of molten terne metal by electric induction heating also results in longer pot life and the formation of less scrui. Scruff is formed by deterioration of the pot by the molten terne metal, and we inhibit such deterioration.
- the heating of the bath of molten terne metal by electric induction heating results in superior mixing of the constituent metals and inhibits settling out of the lighter metal on top of the heavier metal.
- the specific gravity of the molten terne metal 9 is, of course, very much higher than the specific gravity of either the flux in the flux box 8 or the oil 22.
- the flux is designated 23, its upper surface in the flux box being shown at 24.
- viewing Figure 1 and outside the flux box is shown at 25 while the level of the molten terne metal 9 within the iiux box Where the Weight of the flux is superimposed upon it is shown at 26.
- 22 is shown at 21 and the surface of the molten terne metal 9 t0 the right of the partition member 2
- a terne coated product comprising a base metal having thereon a coating of terne metal of improved uniformity and quality applied by the process of claim 1.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Description
Aug. 4, 1953 N. E. 309Kv ETAL 2,647,304
PROCESS 0E TERNE coATING METAEAND TERNE COATED PRODUCT Filed Aug. 18, 1951 INVENTORJ' NELsoN E. Coon &
S/)AUELLN-rmu 7 765.52%;
Patented Aug. 4, 1953 PROCESS OF TERNE COATING METAAL AND TERNE COATED PRODUCT e Nelson E. Cook and Samuel-L. Norteman, Wheeling, W. Va.,'assignors 'to Wheeling Steel Corporation; Wheeling, W. Va., a corporation of Delaware Application August 18, 1951, Serial N o. 242,496
This invention relates to the terne coating of metal and to an improved terne coated prod-v uct. It relates particularly to an improvement in the manner of heating a bath of molten terne metal employed for hot dip terne coating whereby important improved results are obtained.
Terne metal comprises lead and tin with lead in preponderance. Normally the percentage of tin is between about fifteen per cent. and somewhat over twenty per cent.; the remainder is substantially all lead except for impurities. g
In the hot dip terne coating of metal the metal to be coated is rst immersed in a ux bath, commonly zinc chloride, after which the metal being coated is immersed in a bathv of molten terne metal in a pot. Prior to our invention the pot has been heated externally to maintain the bath of terne metal molten. Normally the surface of the bath of molten terne metal is divided by a partition member and a bath of oil, usually palm oil or a combination of palm and mineral oils, is oated upon the bath of molten terne metal at one side of the partition member. The metal to be coated is introduced into the bath of molten terne metal at the side of the partition member opposite the side at which the oil bath floating upon the terne metal is disposed. The metal being coated passes through the bath of molten terne metal beneath the partition member and emerges through the oil bath. The use of such an oil bath is well known in the art, the oil acting on the terne metal adhering to the metal being coated to produce a terne coating thereon which is continuous, smooth and desirably free from pin holes.
Optimum results are obtained when the oil of the oil bath has a relatively low flash point. However, the flash point of the oil must be aboveV the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal as otherwise the oil Will ignite andburn. Despite efforts to avoid igniting the oil there have been many occurrences of oil ignition in terne coating pots, some of which have resulted in injuries, serious fires and great damage.
Since it is desirable that the flash point of the oil employed to form the oil bath floating upon the bath of molten terne metal be as low as practicable, the elorts of those skilled in the art have been directed to maintaining assmall a difference between the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal and the ash point of the oil as is consistent with safety. The minimum permissible flash point of the oil has been limited by so-called hotspots or localized zones of undesirably high 'temperature in the molten terne 3 claims. (ci. zei-.194)
"metal which have unavoidably occurred due to the application of heat to the terne metal through the coating pot. It has been necessary to use an oil which will not ash when subjected to the relatively high temperatures encountered at hot spots, and since the maximum temperatures at hot spots are uncertain the applicationv of the necessaryvfactor of safetyhas resulted rin inability to employ oil of desirably low flash point. Despite precautions injuries, serious fires and great damage have occurred and will continue to occur when externally heated terne coating pots are employed.
It is desirable for several reasons to employ a relatively high proportion of tin in the terne metal. The tin aids in bonding the terne metal to the metal being coated, contributes to a sound strong bond, renders the coating desirably fluid as it is applied to the metal being coated and minimizes pin holing which is one of the most common defects in terne coatings. tin has a much lower melting point than lead, so the greater the proportion of tin in the terne metal the lower will be the melting point of the terne metal and consequently the lowerA may be the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal and the lower may be the flash point of the oil forming the oil bath oating on the bath of molten terne metal.
Normally tin is incorporatedv in terne metal to between fteen and twenty-two percent. A rule of thumb as to the composition .ofy terne metal is' that it contains four parts of lead to one part of tin. However, tin is relatively scarce and diflicultly obtainable and for economic reasons it is necessary to reduce the proportion of tin in terne metal to an undesrably low proportion. At the present time government restrictions limit the proportion of tin which may be used in terne metal to ten per cent. One of the most serious disadvantages of the limitationof the proportion of tin in terne metal is that the temperature of the bath of molten terne metal of necessity becomes undesirably high since the temperature of any molten bath is determined by the melting point of the material of which the bath is constituted. This means that the flash point of the oil employed to form the oil bath oatingA upon the bath of molten ternev metal mustlikewise be vundesirably increased. The results are vdiiliculty of operation, ythe production of an inferior product and increased danger of re unless at the higher temperatures employed theiactor o f s afetyras applied to` temperature diierentialbetween/th'e bath oi molten terne Moreover,
metal and the oil bath floating on the bath of molten terne metal is increased, which further detrimentally aiects the process and product.
We have discovered how to obviate the disadvantages above referred to, which disadvantages are real and serious and exist today in all externally heated terne coating pots. We provide 'for maintaining the terne metal molten by electric induction heating and thereby main.- taining the temperature of the terne metal substantially uniform throughout the bath of molten. terne metal and substantially eliminating hot spots. This makes it feasible to use oil having a materially lower flash peint than could be used with an externally heated, terne coating pot with the attendant advantages above indicated in the coating procedure and improved quality of the product produced. Moreover; because of the relatively uniform temperature of the molten terne metal insured by the use of electric induction heating it is possible without sacrice of safety to reduce somewhat the differential between the temperature of the molten terne metal and the nach point oi. the oil employed. The use ci electric induction heating resultsy in maintenance of the molten terne metal at a remarkably constant temperature with the. result that a product of unprccedentedly uniform superior quality is produced without incurring any more danger of tire than is incurred in the use of externally heated, terne coating pots; indeed, the danger of frref is less even while the. improved results are obtained.
Other details, objects and advantages of the invention will. become apparent as the following description oi a. present preferred method of practicing the same and of apparatus upon which the invention may be practiced proceeds.
In the accompanying drawings we have shown apparatus upon which our invention may be practiced and have illustrated a. present preferr-ed method of practicing the invention in which Figure l is a central vertical longitudinal crosssectional view, takenon the line. I-I of Figure` 2,. of hot dip terne coating apparatus for coating strip;-l and Figure' 2 is a cross-sectional view of the a10- paratus shown in Figure L taken on the line H--Ii or" that ligure.
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, there is shown apparatus. for terne coating strip. Similar apparatus except modified as to the means used for passing the work through the pot maybe used for terne coating articles. y
Since our invention does not. lie in the means for passing the work. through the pot the terne coating of stri-p is illustrated purely by Way of example, the method so fas as the invention is concerned being the same when articles are coated.
The strip being coated is designated 2' and the pot is designated generally by reference numeral 3f. The strip is guided for movement through the pot by guide rollsrv 4, 5 and 6, conventional exit rollsl as known to those skilled in the art bei-.ng employed in the usual manner.
As the strip 2 enters the pot 3. it passes through a ux bor.` 8 which may be of conventional. structure containing a bath of ux, such as zine. chloride. The strip before passing through the ux is desirablypretreated and washed as known to those skilled in the art,
The 'Strip after passing through the flux in the uur box. 8 is immersed in. abate c. of, molten terne metal contained in the pot 3. The pot 3 `is supported by a framework lll and comprises upper portion thereof as shown in Figure 1 and extends outwardly and downwardly. The cross section of. each passage l5 preferably decreases from relatively great cross section inwardly of thepot to relatively small cross section outwardly of the pot. Each passage I6 communi- Cates with three outwardly and downwardly directed ducts Il which at their outer extremities enter a cross duct t8. Disposed in 2 closed loop about the central one of the three ducts Il is a magnetic core 49 having formed on each of the legs thereof extending between the central duct Il and an outer duct l1 a coil 29 to which electric current is conducted. The current conducted to the coils 2U may, for example,` be 440 volt, single phase, 60 cycle alternating current. There may be provided a pack ofV static capacitators for power factor correction, contactors for switching from high to low voltage for temerature control, a circuit breaker and auxiliary equipment for automatic control of power inputto maintain a desired temperature in the body of the molten terne metal 9.
A low voltage is induced across the ducts l'l. The apparatus is analogous to a step-down transformer having a short-circuited secondary which is formed by molten metal filling the ducts ll and [8. Since the ducts il and i3 form a closed circuit a current will How in them. The current generates heat in the terne metal itself which is the heat maintaining the bath of terne metal molten.
The heat generated in the metal causes a continuous and rapid thermal circulation of the molten terne metal across the pot which maintains the bath of molten terne metal at substantially uniform temperature throughout the bath. It inhibits the formation of hot spots in the bath and enables regulation of the bath temperature to an extent impossible when the pot is heated externally. Because of the close regulation and maintenance of a substantially uniform tempera.- ture throughout the bath of molten terne metal we are enabled to use with safety on the surface of' the molten terne metal an oil having a much lower flash point than could be used otherwise with a significant improvement in the quality of the coated product.
A partition, member 2l extends across the pot substantially at right angles to the axis of the pot which joins the two passages lli so as to intersect the surface of the bath of molten terne metal 5 the bottom 'of the partition member 2l being disposed somewhat below the surface of the molten terne metal.' The strip 2 is immersed in the molten terne metal 9, being introduced thereinto to the left of the partition member 2l viewing Figure l. The strip passes beneath the partition member 2 l and after passing about the guide rollv EY and between the exit rolls i is with` drawn from the pot to the right of the partition member 2| viewing Figure 1. Disposed atop or floating upon the bath of molten terne metal to the right of the partition member 2l viewing Figure 1 is a bath of oil 22, which is the bath of oil above referred to and which has a flash point somewhat higher than the temperature of the bath 9. The bath 9 is substantially free from hot spots so there is no danger of igniting the oil bath 22 through localized increase of its temperature to or above the flash point of the oil. The heating of the bath of molten terne metal by electric induction heating also results in longer pot life and the formation of less scrui. Scruff is formed by deterioration of the pot by the molten terne metal, and we inhibit such deterioration. Moreover, the heating of the bath of molten terne metal by electric induction heating results in superior mixing of the constituent metals and inhibits settling out of the lighter metal on top of the heavier metal. These factors further contribute to a greatly improved product and the obtaining of optimum conditions with a uniformity and regularity not possible with an externally heated pot.
The specific gravity of the molten terne metal 9 is, of course, very much higher than the specific gravity of either the flux in the flux box 8 or the oil 22. The flux is designated 23, its upper surface in the flux box being shown at 24. The level of the molten terne metal 9 to the left of the partition member 2| viewing Figure 1 and outside the flux box is shown at 25 while the level of the molten terne metal 9 within the iiux box Where the Weight of the flux is superimposed upon it is shown at 26. 22 is shown at 21 and the surface of the molten terne metal 9 t0 the right of the partition member 2| where the oil 22 is superimposed upon the molten terne metal is shown at 28.
While we have illustrated and described a present preferred method of practicing the invention it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously practiced Within the scope of the following claims.
We claim:
1. In the terne coating of metal in which metal is immersed in a bath of molten terne metal and removed from the bath of molten terne metal through a bath of oil floating atop a portion The surface of the oil of the bath of molten terne metal and in which the temperature of the molten terne metal approaches the flash point of the oil so that there is danger of igniting the oil by so-called hot spots or localized zones of undesirably high temperature in the molten terne metal, the step of maintaining the terne metal molten by electric induction heating and thereby maintaining the temperature of the terne metal substantially uniform throughout the bath of molten terne metal and substantially eliminating hot spots whereby to obviate the danger of igniting the oil.
2. In the terne coating of metal in which metal is immersed in a bath of molten terne metal containing not over about 10% tin with the remainder being substantially all lead except for impurities and the metal being coated is removed from the bath of molten terne metal through a bath of oil floating atop a portion of the bath of molten terne metal and in which the temperature of the molten terne metal by reason of the presence of an undesirably small proportion of relatively low melting point tin and an undesirably great proportion of high melting point lead is higher than optimum terne coating temperature and approaches the flash point of the oil so that there is danger of igniting the oil by so-called hot spots or localized zones of undesirably high temperature in the molten terne metal, the step of maintaining the terne metal molten by electric induction heating and thereby maintaining the temperature of the terne metal substantially uniform throughout the kbath of molten terne metal and substantially eliminating hot spots whereby to obviate the danger of igniting the oil.
3. A terne coated product comprising a base metal having thereon a coating of terne metal of improved uniformity and quality applied by the process of claim 1.
NELSON E. COOK. SAMUEL L. NORTEMAN.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,108,381 McElhaney et al. Feb. 15, 1938 2,520,349 Tama Aug. 29, 1950
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US242496A US2647304A (en) | 1951-08-18 | 1951-08-18 | Process of terne coating metal and terne coated product |
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US242496A US2647304A (en) | 1951-08-18 | 1951-08-18 | Process of terne coating metal and terne coated product |
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US2647304A true US2647304A (en) | 1953-08-04 |
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US242496A Expired - Lifetime US2647304A (en) | 1951-08-18 | 1951-08-18 | Process of terne coating metal and terne coated product |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953473A (en) * | 1956-12-03 | 1960-09-20 | American Mollerzing Corp | Method and means of coating objects with aluminum |
US3957086A (en) * | 1973-06-29 | 1976-05-18 | Bundy Corporation | Corrosion resistant tubing |
US4315056A (en) * | 1977-05-04 | 1982-02-09 | Armco Inc. | Low tin terne coated steel article |
EP0770697A1 (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1997-05-02 | Inductotherm Corp. | Galvanizing apparatus with coreless induction furnace |
EP2068525A2 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2009-06-10 | Airtight Networks, Inc. | Method and system for providing wireless vulnerability management for local area computer networks |
US20110011750A1 (en) * | 2009-06-21 | 2011-01-20 | Jean Lovens | Electric Induction Heating and Stirring of an Electrically Conductive Material in a Containment Vessel |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2108381A (en) * | 1935-12-30 | 1938-02-15 | American Sheet & Tin Plate | Method of coating sheet metal |
US2520349A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1950-08-29 | Ajax Engineering Corp | Induction apparatus for metal coating |
-
1951
- 1951-08-18 US US242496A patent/US2647304A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2108381A (en) * | 1935-12-30 | 1938-02-15 | American Sheet & Tin Plate | Method of coating sheet metal |
US2520349A (en) * | 1948-12-27 | 1950-08-29 | Ajax Engineering Corp | Induction apparatus for metal coating |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953473A (en) * | 1956-12-03 | 1960-09-20 | American Mollerzing Corp | Method and means of coating objects with aluminum |
US3957086A (en) * | 1973-06-29 | 1976-05-18 | Bundy Corporation | Corrosion resistant tubing |
US4315056A (en) * | 1977-05-04 | 1982-02-09 | Armco Inc. | Low tin terne coated steel article |
EP0770697A1 (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1997-05-02 | Inductotherm Corp. | Galvanizing apparatus with coreless induction furnace |
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