US26362A - Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

is hinged onto the butt-end of the barrel.

iinrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

SpcrilimltimI 'Tunning 1mi-t nl' Leiters lnlrnl. No. 26,362, (intl-l llnrmnlu-x-(, 1#59.

To all whoml t may concern.:

Be it known that l, SAMUEL W. Binnen, of Washington city, in the 'District of Columbia, have invented and made certain new-and uscful Improvements in Broeck-Loading Fire- Arms; andl do hereby declare that the iol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification. l

Figure 1 represents a rifle. Fig. 2 is partially a longitudinal sectional view of the rifle and stock with the hinged or jointed breech .thrown down or opened ont, as indicated by the dots. Fig. 3 represents a fragment of the barrel in section 1with the jointed or hinged breech and the breeeh-pin. Fig. 4 is a full-size representation of the hinged or jointed breech Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 represent in detail the parts ofthe improvements hereinafter more fullyr to be explained.

The nature of my improvements:consists more especially in the pee'uliar construction of the breech-pin of a lire-arm designed to prevent any escape of gaseous matter at the point of connection ofthe breech and the buttend of the barrel.

In Fig. 3, a a a. a. D Z1 D c represent a sectional frag-mental part of a barrel of a rifle Without the stock part attached. At d is indicated the head or jointed part of the breech, which e e is the lever part of the breech, and f the trigger. |This head part of the breech is formed with a bore or cavity, g g, of suitable dimensions, into which is ttedto correspond an adjustable breech-pin, h h, the construction of which pin is as follows:

In Fig. 6 is represented a. cylindrical pin, h h, formed with a bore having a thread cut therein, as at I, a shoulder formation, J J, and

an oblong dat place filed near the bntt-end, as indicated at E.

At Fig. 7 is indicated a sectional view of an expanding ring or collar like formation of required size,l and shaped with an inside bevel or slope or conical bore, L, and an outside sloping or bevel circumference, L L, the sloping outer and inner circumferences converglng from one side or edge of the'ring at the same an le and meeting together, forming a sharp e ge, as at L L', of the diameter indicated at 1l.. This expanding ring or collar has n rectilinear splitaround the circumferahnost severing the ring into two equal parts, except a small amount o'l uncut metal, as shown at 1 I, Fig. 5, thus forming an expanding slip-ring which, if opened ont, would presenttheelongatcd shape asin Fig. 13. This ring or collar, Figs. '5, (5, 10, 11, l' term the female expanding ring or collar. In Fig. 8v is indicated a second er smaller noirexpanding ring with straight bore M, iitted to correspend with the end J J ofthe pin h h, and shaped with an outside-conical or sloping cireuniferenee, M2 Mi', the full size or greatest diameter indicated at 12', and conforming to the inner sloping circumference of the expanding female ring, Fig. 7.

At o, Fig. 9, is represented a screw with suitable flat head and bevel edge.

The four specified parts being formed as required, the male ring is inserted into the conical bore L of the female expanding ring 7, thus forming a compound collar or ring, which is fitted over the hollow end J J of the breechpin 7a la., when the screw O, Fig. 9, is screwed into the end L of the pin, thus forming a compound expanding detachable-headed breechpin, as shown ath h, inserted in the cavity of the jointed lever-breech, Fig. 4. This pin is prevented fromialling out of the cavity by .the holding-screwr h', extending down into the or adjustabilityin the cavity of the jointed "lever-breech.

The jointed breech d is attached to the buttvend or breech of the barrel of the gun, as in Figs. 2, 8. The end of the bore of the barrel is beveled to correspond in shape with the head L of the pin It h.

In the use of my improvements the hinged or jointed lever-breech is opened or turned down, as indicated at the dots I 1?, Fig. 2. The cartridge is inserted in the opening or 'cavity formed at the end of the barrel by the turning down of the lever-breecl1. The cartridge or charge thus being deposited in the cavity, the lever-breech d e e is thrown back in' which the head of the pin h h forces the car tridge or charge into the bore of the barrel at c, Fig. 3, when the charge may be exploded.

ence entirely through the thickness of metal, x

niche K, "admitting at the same time of play position asy indicated in Fig. 3, in the act of 'lhe :niv-.uitingen which l' elnim for my iinl hment ilcxihility oiteinpcr, in which ense the lnoveinents :ure ns follows: 'Hy constructing nn :nl jnslnhle breech-pin with. n. screw-like connection part, 0, liig. 9, con'iliined with. ny

letnchnble liezidfconi'ieetion or nulle ring, 1 ig. H, und :in expensive ndjnslnhle lernnle `ringer eollm, Ihigs. F3, 7, the i'enmle ring is runde more or .less zu'ljnstnhlc to the bore ci the, hnrrc1 thro n gh the ngency cf the tightening-Screw 0, Fig. i). 'Ihns should the feinnle expensive ring lese any o: its temper sind become 4loss. ilexiblc, ztnd thereby not llt closely to the here of thobzirrel, nml not of itself perform the desired ollicc, the tighi'lci'iiiig-serew 0, Fig. E), und wedging head or mele ring, Fig. S, press or wedge np ngfiinst the inner circumference of the {ini-lele ring or collar, :1nd thus expend the circumference thereof' outward, making the col'incctio'n nir-tight. Again, too, l dispense with a. second split expm'iding ring, and instead Inn-ke one ring perform the oilicc that heretofore lies required two or more expanding rings. In a. patent granted to B. F. Joslyn, J'nly 1,1856, a. solid conc-shaped piu is employed with two split rings placed one against the other, instead of one within the other, end consequently the rings must neecssarily of themselves be formed to fit as tight as possible to the inside of the breech part of the barrel. Then, again, the disadvantage in using two or more split or expanding rings, as in Joslyns patent, is that there is great liability of the rings not possessing the sanne 1'11- pci'l'eut closing ol' the (anvil/ y oi ciminber in rem: of the lmrrel surrounding the rings could not he ln'olight about. .'loslyns rings ns they nre npplied relative to euch other do not possess in tl i ei nscl ves :in y ne e o1 n 'ln oil nti i i g ndj nst nhility, :ind it is with g1-cnt dillicnlty the two rings cnn he tei'npered so as to :ict lwith n. nniforni siinnltnneons ilexiliility, expensive find.

eoiitrectile. None oi' snch objections und iinperievticns ol cpcmticn pertnin to my ecmponnd expzniding detachable-heeded breechpln.

lflnving described the nnture, construction, sind opcrntion of my improvements, and heving shown the diiil'crence between 1-3. F. Joslyns solid-hesided doubler-ing breech-pin z iind.`

shown complete et h h L O, Fig. 4, subst-n1.

tially as described and set forth.

SAMUEL W. MARSH. IYiitnessesz J. OARBERY LAY, I. A. MAT'rrNGLY.

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