US2632362A - Projecting machine for projecting from stacks of individually framed films - Google Patents

Description

Mrch 24, 1953 Filed Dec 50, 1950 R. P SMITH PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 30 g ml 133 38' 34 47 49 W8: a: 5

y -82 J34- ..3 I52 49 v 7 9 I ma 13 12s v 3 I2 I a0 )0 2a 23 25 27 March 24, 1953 R; P. SMITH 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM I STACKS 0F INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR- F?oberf PSmL' -HI,

a, I Ai-t'qrne March 24, 1953 R. P. SMITH 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS I Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 32. 5+ 7 H 71 IIII "4! 7s 76 42 93 33 8; 89 87 INVEHTOR Poberl' 7? mHh,

7-1 3 4 0, Mal CIA. 4 [J Attorne March 24, 1953 s n' 2,632,362

PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 SheetsSheet 4 4- al I3 15' M I7 34- 39 36 38 H 34 0 33 48 I ,4sb,|- 52 I23 I 7 I 124-. 28 I2! 41:7 133' I22 132 6 7 IHVEHTOI? "Y' Faber? 7? 5, 111%,

' By MM Q A itarney.

March 24, 1953 p, s n- PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVEHTOR Faber? PSmi'lh,

A tfarne March 1953 R. P. SMITH I 2,632,362

' PROJECTING MACHINE FOR PROJECTING FROM STACKS OF INDIVIDUALLY FRAMED FILMS Filed Dec. 30, 1950 .6 Sheets-Sheet 6 mvEHToR, 'Rcberl T? SmH-A, B Mam,

Patented Mar. 24, 1953 TPROJECTING" SMACHINE L'FOR' 'PROJEGTING FROM STAGKS F INDIV IDUALLY FRAMED "FILMS eRobert-Pr Smith, Crawfordsville lnd.

uhpplicatiohheeerhber 30, 1950; Serial Nor 203 1688 (cues-+2.8)

i? 6:.Claims. l

This invention herein described =involves a machine for projectingonto a screen'views from transparencies such as film carried ina frame of; the type generally known under the trade- -mark Kodachrome? of the Eastman Kodak Company. The film showing the-view is in each in- -'s-tance;held -in'a substantially rigid frame so that the frames themselves may be handled as-integ-ral 'units in presenting the -fi1m for projection: purposes.

In-showing such-= film units; it has heretofore been the ,general practice to use a projecting machine wherein there is a crossslide holding atmost'twoor three of the film'unit frames;and ithis slide had to be filled by: an operator; and "then-shifted. after ftheidesired length of-view of .the' 'film' asprojected'onto the screen has been had. Not only is"-theoperator-requiredto load they-slide; and then shift it; butheis also compelled to; be certain that theframes-a-re presented right'side up in-order to have the View appear in the proper presentation on the screen.

In'the present invention-,1 the machine --is-loaded with a number of the frames-with one ahead-of another in the proper or desired sequence,--and all originally.v turned-in the; propererection,-and from then-gen, theymachine; automatically takes one frame at a time to locate that *frame'within the lens system so that the-projecting-light may shine therethrough-and cause the imageto beshown-on the screen toward which the lens system is-di-re'cted. Theframe-in that system is and then, automatically, that ira-meis passed on out of; the lens system-into itsproper-location in sequence in another horizontally aligned stack, following which the next in orderof viewing of the frames "is carriedinto the lens system and then allowed todwell there for the desired showing. "This-sequence of-operations is-continued until theentire: lot of: frames is-carried through the-lenssystem for the showing.

Not only is this true, in respect to the showing but the-frames are returned in: proper order to be ready and: available for i e-showing, this -reshowing being carried on at once in: the -machineii i it is'so desired. The automatic re aligning of the frames for subsequent viewing in the desiredsequence is of high :importancahecause it frequently happens in thepriorsystem above referred to that'these frames will be out of order, orwill-=be-reversed in position even it :in order. The present invention avoids suchmisal-igning of the frames -in--the=entire number in the lot.

"Therefore :the rprimaryapurpose iofr thersinvention iswto provide'uimausingle :unitarysstructure, -.'in-a -srna1l compact form, .an automatically: operating 1 .mechanism which --W'i1l'.= receive :sa elarge inurnbertoi the/frames carrying stheiifilms :tci'sbe displayed, takeeachirameindividually tors-separate viewing through;a'glensisystem castingrgthe image from thezfilmuontov 3;.S.CI.6,BI1;2.9J10W1I1 that :imageto remainrvisibletonithevscreen forea definiteperiod: of. time; following; theL-endi of ;,:wh-ich time; the" .frameisomoved; on .into a definitepr-edetermined1alignmentreadyforssubscquentwiew- 'ing; inthesame. order :if so desired. i

Many other objects and advantages ofiilhe in- MBIIfiOllaNVill; occur. toqthoseversediin sthfisdltllDOll considering the following. description; of one-par- ;ticularaiorm of. az machinelwhich to be very workable. :This;one\f orm :the-g. accompany; drawings wh,er ein,

.IFig. 21s .a .top planrviewmfathemachine; with portionswbroken .away':ltoradiscloseziunderumaijs lilig.'-r3.s.is:a .view :in rear: elevation and partial sectionv of;& the QLHPPEIEiIJDIfiQIl-fi of:-fthe -;machine;

z Eig. 4 sis... a:- view, vin horizontal {sectiomnnr the 1ine::.4. l iniFigz; 3;

:Fig. 5;:is. a "viewsin =f1iont- ,e1evation-.and partial -SCti0l1:.0f thesupper: portion: of; the, machine;

Fig;v 6. isa view @inzhorizontalgtransyerse sectign .on the line: fiesfiziniliig. 5;

' Big. 71iisiai-yiewzi vertical;.sec.tion:ornamenlarged-ziscale cnpthei inc-l 721115: v5;

F 9 WJn-persp ctivetazspa ertmeans -:usab1e..when ;sufficient nu-mberio' film: framfi sfid' .notzavailabla to 1 fillionenside wofrthe imachine as will be referred; to later.

Referringato. 1theidrawings,:the machines-in- -vo1vingtheinventiondshereiniiiliustratedaszbeing embodied within an outerlboxelike"cabinet: generally designatedbythe numerak' i=0. *l2his-cabinet It carries a floor-l I-acrossv the undersideyand an-intermediate shelfior floor ll The -top l3 is in-the-natureof a lid-or cover hinged through the hinge 1 d to theopposite -or -'-r-ight-hand. ssidea [.5

ofthe cabinet- It. -Theeover I3=may= lee-secured in a closed-positiondn anywsuitablemanner, such as by the latch- 16 herein shown as heir-15:811- 'gagedwith a-keeper"! 1;Fig: 5.

On' theleft side--o1: wal1 l8- of the cabinet 'ilfl there are carried the motor control switch I 9 and the lamp :control-switch -ill. iEllectricacuz renteis 3 made available through a cord or cable 2| entering the cabinet at any suitable place, such as through the left-hand wall it as indicated in Fig. 1.

The switch 28 controls flow of current from the cable 2] to a lamp 22 which is mounted on a standard 23 in turn carried by the intermediate floor [2; The motor control switch 19 controls flow of current from the cable 21 to the main drive motor 24 and the fan motor 25. The drive 'motor 24 is herein shown as being mounted on the base floor H whereas the fan drive motor 25 is mounted on the intermediate floor I2, Fig. 1.

There is mounted on the intermediate floor l2, a ,U-frame having the upturned front and rear plates or walls 26 and 21 respectively.

At the upper ends of these walls 28 and 2'! there are mounted respectively a front plate or block 28 and a rear plate or block 29 vertically disposed therefrom.

A lens tube 36 is mounted on the forward side of the block 28 to extend through the front wall 3| of the cabinet l6, Figs. 1 and 2. There is a vertically disposed wall 32 interconnecting the outer left-hand portions of the blocks 28 and 29,

and also a wall 33 vertically disposed and interconnecting the outer right-hand end portions of these blocks 28 and 29. These side walls 32 and 33 extend substantially throughout the height of the two blocks 28 and 29, and have a floor 34 extending therebetween, and entirely thereacross between the forward portions of these side walls, but separated by an opening 35 between the rear portions.

The lamp 22 extends substantially centrally between the walls 32 and 33 through the opening 35 immediately adjacent the rear end portion of the forward part of the floor 34, Fig. 1.

There is a rear cylindrical lens housing 36 detachably mounted on the back side of the block 28 to extend over the central portion of the floor 34, Figs. 1 and 2.

A rectangular hood generally designated by the numeral 31 is provided with the respective vertically disposed side walls 38 and 39, Fig. 8, to rest by their forward under edges on the forward portion of the door 34. This hood 37, closed across its top side by the ceiling wall 46 entirely across between the inner opposing faces of the blocks 28 and 29 to form a housing for the lamp 22 and also to provide means for carrying off excess heat therefrom. The rear end of the housing 31 has its side walls 38 and 39, Fig. 4, engaged by spring tongues 4i and 42 which extend from floor 34 on each side of the opening 35.

Between the lamp 22 and the rear lens housing 36 there is interposed a glass partition 43 as a means of protecting the lens system from the heat of the lamp 22. Behind the lamp 22 there is set up a mirror 44 which extends across and is supported by the side walls 38 and 39 of the housing 31. It is to be noted that the top end of the mirror 44 terminates short of the ceiling which at that position, is inclined upwardly and rearwardly by the portion 45.

This portion 45 extends upwardly in spaced relation above the rear block 29 so as to leave a window 46 thereabove for the escape of heat generated by the lamp 22 within the housing 31. This escape of heat is made positive by reason of the fact that the fan motor 25 is located immediately below the opening 35 in the floor 34 to drive the fan 41 which causes a blast of air to travel upwardly through the opening 35 and out this window 46. Part of the blast from the fan 41 enters the housing between the glass screen 43 and the mirror 44 as best indicated in Fig. 1. The walls 32 and 38 are parallel, and are spaced apart a distance just sufficient to permit a film carrying frame 48 to be inserted therebetween and to slide freely therealong in positions at right angles to these walls, that is the plane of the frame would be at right angles to the planes of these two walls. In like manner, the spacing between the walls 33 and 39 is made to be just slightly greater than the transverse width of the frames 48 so that these frames may slide freely therebetween. In other words the positioning of the housing 31 intermediate the outer walls 32 and 33 serves not only as a lamp housing and ventilating means, but also, by its vertically disposed side walls, in conjunction with the outer walls 32 and 33, forms two distinct slide ways for the frames 48 when they are vertically disposed therebetween.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, there is a shaft 49 revolubly carried by its front and rear ends by the vertically disposed plates 26 and 21. This shaft 49 extends through a gear reduction unit 56 which is driven by a shaft 5| interconnected by a belt 52 with the motor 24.

The shaft 49, by its rear end portion, extends through the plate 21, and through a plate 53, herein shown as in the nature of a circular disc, which is mounted on the back side of the plate 27 immediately below the block 29. Fixed in driving relation on the outer end of the shaft 49 is a cam member 54. This cam 54 appears through a Window 55, rectangular in shape, which window appearsin a cam follower 56, Fig. 3. This cam follower 56 is held in sliding contact across the back face of the plate 53 in any suitable manner, herein shown as by the upper and lower washers 57 and 58 maintained in contact, that is sliding contact, with the back face of the follower 56 by means of the screws 59 and 60 respectively.

This cam follower 56 has a shank 6| extending substantially horizontally to the left, to be supported by means of a screw 64 which passes through a slot 65 longitudinally disposed in the outer end portion of the shank. The shank 6| carries spaced apart pins 66 and 61 extending rearwardly, between which there is passed a rocker arm 68. This rocker arm 68 is rockably supported by its lower end portion below the shank 6| in any suitable means, herein shown as by means of the screw 69.

The rocker arm 68 extends upwardly to be substantially in sliding contact with the back face of the block 29 and to extend across a horizontally disposed slot 18 provided in this block 29 in its left-hand portion.

There is across head H slidably contained in the slot 16 to be free to reciprocate throughout its length. A pin or screw 12 passes through a slot 68a extending longitudinally of the arm 68 in its upper portion thereof, to engage the cross head 1 I.

On the forward side of the block 29 there is positioned a feeder plate 13 to have a height substantially equal to the height of one of the film frames 48. The horizontal breadth of the feeder plate 73 is substantially half that of the film frame 48. The cross head ll is fixed to the back side of the feeder plate 13 so that by means of the arm 68, the feeder plate 73 may be reciprocated across the forward face of the block 29. There is a vertically disposed opening 74, Fig. 4, between the rear end of the wall 32 and zithe hlo ckZ.:29,..betv/:een :which therfeeder plate113 mayytravelmhen ini'the extreme outer position.

There :is; positioned a=.Wall 'I5..across the rear tends;.ofthewalls 38 and 39 of the housing 31, Fig. 4, and thisv-Jall 15., isspaced forward from the block 29 aidistance to leavea transverse passage- .wayz'IB slightly greater. than .the thickness ofone of Lthefilm framesc48. .In otherwords there is sufiicient space between the wall '55 and the block 2$ito permit traversing t-herebetweenone oi :the :framesxt8, :but one only. The forward face TI, Figi k-flflthe wall 29, to the right of the housin wall 39, 'slopes forwardly by a thickened portion of -the block '28 into aforwardly disposed face I8 which =is substantially -Withl11 the plane of the back face-of the :wall 15. The purpose of this sloping face ii will be made apparent in describing the operation, of themachinefollowingthe completion-ofthe-description of the structure.

"A lever is-Fig.- 3, is rockably mounted onapin '80. Thls pin -88 asare also the screws 6-! and 6S, is fi-xed'toor carried-by the plate 27. The lefthand end of the-lever-iS terminates in anupper and rearwardly turned lip 8i which is in the path'of-a-rearward1y extending pin 32 mounted onthe outer end portion of the cam 54. The direction of rotation of the shaft- Z9 is such that the earn will be revolved in a counterclockwise direction aszviewed in Fig. 3. The lever 19 has a portion carried to the 'rig ht -hand side of its pivot pintil, and this'portion carries a rearwardly and downwardlyturned lip 83.

This'lip' B3 is in the path of the lower end of a vertically disposed lever 84. The lever 85 is rockably mounted intermediate its top and lower endsina bracket 85 carried by the plate 2'! below the jblo'ck329. I'Ihe, lever-84 is free to rock in a planeatr-ight angles to the plate 2?. The lever 84 carries a pin 86 extending from the left-hand side of'the lever- 84 to enter into an annular slot around apost 8? which is fixed to a head 83. The slot. inithepost, 81 is designated by the numeral 89,Fig.-4.

1.'I'his head: 88 carries the upper and lower pins 89 and 90 respectively'to extend horizontally forwardly .in sliding relation into the .block 29. Springsfii and 92 surround these pins 89 and 99 between. the head BBand the block 29, Fig... 1. Thereby, the head88 is tended to be retaihedi-n a position rearwardly of the blockv 29 and is carried .towar d the block 29 as. the lever tdlmaybe IOCkedyby upwardtravel of .the vlip .83 on the lever 79 as;occasioned by the pin 82 pushing down on the lip ,SI to kick out the lower end of the lever 84. There is also a central pin 93, Fig. F1, carried by the head 88 to extend slidingly through the block 29. This-pin 93 is disposed centrally-between the pins 89 and 9B, and in fact is a direct continuation of the member 81. All of these- pins 89, 90 and 93 enter the block 29 to be carried therethrough by the lever 84 immediately to the right-hand side of thewall-39 of the housing 3.1.

. Near .the-right-hand upper corner of the plate 21 below the block 29 there is pivotally mounted a finger. 95,.mounted to swing about a pivotpin or screwSB. The finger 95 has'a rounded nose 9? extending from the upper side ofthe finger to enter through the fioorifi to swing upwardly thereabove immediately adjacent the forward face-of theblock ZQadjacent the housing wall 39. Another finger 98 is rockably mounted on a pin 99'at the upper right-hand corner of the block 29 to swingoalong theqback' face of the block :29. Eromthe left-hand ,end of, the finger 98. thereris a fingerxiiliirturnedzover and themdownwardlmto renter-i, along lithe .forwardsside: of ;theblock .2 9.;pin

direct. opposition. to the nose. 91:. of the: fingen fli.

A spring; I 0 I is" .COI1IleCtBd;.bY. .its;.;ends:;to;.these fingers; 95. andlilBa. whereby...they; arecnormally pulled onestowardthe other. Thesemembers 91 and 'Itilt areso located thatwhena film frame .148 is: carried ;through:: the:passageway 16-andi:;past the housing wall 39, :thebottom and topiedgesiof the frame will: ride over the opposing. edges. or the mem-bers BT and I-nll flto spread themv apart against the pull of the; spring: J I'II l -i' as:- indicated in Fig. 3.

Referring to FigsJ-fi. and' particularly, bthe same construction 1 is-- employed on. the" front end of the structureas='=has just been"described=- :as being-carried on'the rear plate'2'I and blo'ck 29. In -this I front structure, the shaft -49 tc'omes through thepl'ate- 26; and-through a bearing plate its -wh-ichis mounted against the front face' -"bf theplate 26.- 'On" the'forward endoftheshaft fl ahead oftheplate I83 there-is fixed acam I04. This cam I t4 rides-within a rectangular-window I of a cam follower I65 .-this-fo1lower -I ll'dbeing retained-in sliding contact against-the front face of the plate I613 byany suitable meanssu'ch as;:by the washers I01. and I08 heldin place respectively by the screws H39- and' H0. -Thefollowerff-IIi6 has a shank Hi extending-to theleftasviewed from thelfrontiof the device, 'Fig. 5,; tohave a screw H2 passed 'through-aislot Iii-"extending longitudinally, through the shank towarditsouter end. The screw "I I2 is carried ,by-the-platefili. Between spaced pins H41 and; I I5 onthersha'nk I I I. there .is passed .a, rocker. arm 1 lfiirwhichiis pivotally. carried byfthe plate-26: byimeansyofza screw 1 '1 I I rockably carried ."through. ;the'. lower portion of; the arm'lI'Ifi. The armpljidextends upwardly to be substantial. sliding, contact along the front face of the .blockjZB, and has a screw I I8 passing through a slot I I 9 longitudinal- 1y extendingft'hrough t-heupper end portion of .the arm I I6,"the screw I I8 being fixed in across head i which. is confined ,to longitudinal travel within. the slot .I 2 I which is provided-to. extend horizontally. through .itheblock 28.

.,,On.,'the .backsideof, .theblock' 28,; there is positioned. a feed slide 'i22securedina' fixed manner to the crossheadiifm so that .rockingof; the .arm I I6 will, cause ltheslide I22.,to reciprocatea across the floor .34, in substantial gliding contact ..-with theback faceof the block 28. -There.isapassageway, I 23 left between the front end of the.wall;33 and the back face of theblock 28in order to permitclearancefor the feedslideIZZ to travel therebetween. The breadth ,ofthe feed slide 122 is made to .besubstantially one-half, or slightly less than the breadth of the film frame '48.

The mounting ofatherear lens system -36 ..-is made to be, such-that there is apassageway, I24, Fig. 6, left between the forward .end of. that mounting 36 and the back face of ,theblocki28, this passageway being just wide enough to perrnit one frame 48 toslideifreely therethrough. The block 28 has a face I25 continuing from. the forwardiace of. this passageway-124.110 incline rearwardlyintdthe, thickened portion' I26 of the block. zii FigJdwherebya frame48b coming through the passageway. .I 24 will haveits. advancing-verticaledge portion carriedrearwardly as it travels. across,.,this [inclined face I25 to comeito restontthe .rearwardly projecting portion I 26.

.7 ,Belowthe cam follower; frame ---.I 66, thereaisv. a lever-I 21- rockablymountedon the-.ipin I28; which is :carr-iedpy.ithe -framawzfi. ;;'lhis1lever 1211. 1135gfi forwardly extending lip I29 to be in the path of -a pin I30 which is fixed to extend forwardly from the cam I05. The lever I2! extends in the other 'is'mounted on the lever I32 below the bracket I33 to serve as a limiting abutment to bear against the front face of the plate 26. The upper end of the lever I32 carries a pin I35 which enters a slot I36 provided circumferentially around a post I31. This post passes through a head I38 and continues on through a guide I39 which is fixed in the block 28, to permit the post I37 to slide therethrough and in an inward position pass at least across the distance between the surface I25 and the rear portion I20 of the block 28. This portion of the post I3! which slidingly travels through the block 28, through the sleeve I39, is

designated by the numeral I40, and is in the nature of a pin to have a smaller diameter than the outer end of the head I31.

Fixed to the head I33, are the upper and lower with the pin I40 also slidingly entering through the block 28. The head I38 is normally held in an outer position as indicated in Fig. '7, by means of compression springs I43 and I44 bearing between the back face of the head I38 and the forward face of the block 28. The springs I43 and I44 serve to keep the lever I32 rocked by its lower end into contact with the cam lift I3 I. Referring to Fig. 5, there is mounted on the plate 26, below the block 28, near the upper right-hand corner as view in Fig. 5, a finger I45 to be rockably supported by a screw I40. This finger I45 extends upwardly to have a nose I 41 entering through a hole in the floor 34 to be in the path of the under edge of a frame 48 when it is in contact with the back face of the block 28. A finger I48 is rockably attached by means of a bolt or pin I49 to the upper corner portion of the block 28 to swing along the front face of the block 28 to have a nose portion turned over therefrom across the top of the block and then downwardly on the'inside face, designated 'by the numeral I50. This nose I50 is in the path of the top edge of the frame 48 when it is in contact with the inner face of the block 28. The noses I41 and I50 are adjacent the wall 38 of the housing 37, whereby that portion of the frame 48 adjacent that wall is interengaged by its top and bottom edges between those noses. The two fingers I45 and I48 are interconnected by means of a spring II which tend to draw one toward the other, the limiting factor being the striking of the lower finger I45 against the underside of the floor 34 and the cross part of the nose I50 striking the top edge of the block 28.

Operation In operating the structure as described, the cover I3 is lifted upwardly, and suificient number of film frames 48 are placed between the wall 33 and the wall 39 to fill that space between the plates 28 and 23 just sufhciently to have one frame exert a slight pressure against the adjacent frame. Then the space between the wall 32 and the wall 30 is likewise filled, the frame 48 against the block 28 being the last frame to be brought into the lens system, the frame 48 against the block 29 being the next frame to be brought 8 against the frame 48 on the other side of the housing 31 in that order as they areto be displayed, the front frame 48 against the block 28 to the right of the housing 31, Fig. 2, being the first frame to enter the lens system.

The switches I9 and 20 are shifted to their closed positions to set into operation the motors 24 and 25 and to illuminate the lamp 22. The shaft 49 is thus revolved at the predetermined speed as determined by the ratio of the gears in the reduction 50. Both the forward end cam I04 and the rear end cam 54 are slowly revolved in unison. Referring first to the mechanism on the front end of the structure, which is the mechanism that carries the frames 48 across into the lens system and out therefrom, the cam I04 revolves in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5, to have the nose of the cam bring the follower I06 to the extreme right-hand position, and as the cam I04 continues to revolve, the follower I08 wil1 remain in that right-hand position until the nose designated by the numeral I50 comes around to strike the edge IOI of the follower I06, to push the follower I06 to the left. In that travel, the arm I I0 is rocked to the left, carrying the feed plate I22 across the inside of the block 28 until it is carried outwardly suificient to permit a frame 48 to press forwardly to cause that front plate 48 to come into fullcontact throughout its area with the back face of the block 28, the slot I28 being carried outwardly sufiiciently to permit the slide I22 to travel entirely out beyond the left-hand edge of that front frame 48 as viewed in Fig. 5.

The feed plate I22 will dwell in that extreme outer left-hand position until the nose I60 travels on around to strike the edge I62 of the follower I05 to carry the follower back to the right-hand position as indicated in Fig. 5. In this travel, the arm I I6 is brought back to the position as indicated in Fig. 5, and during its travel to that position, the right-hand edge of that feed plate I22 will have been brought against the left vertical edge of the frame 48 then bearing against the back face of the plate 28 with the result that this frame 48 is carried from its original position to enter through the passageway I24, Fig. 6, as pushed therein by the plate I22. The frame will remain in that passageway because that is the limit of travel of the feed plate I22.

The feed plate I22 will remain stationary until the cam I04 carries around to bring the nose I60 again into contact with the follower edge I 0| so that the plate I22 is again shifted to the lefthand position to permit another frame 48 to come into contact with the back face of the block 28, that particular frame having been bearing against the back side of the feed plate I22 until that plate travels to the left to get out of the way. Upon the return travel of the feed plate I22 to the right, it pushes the second frame 48 against the first frame 48 whereby the frame within the passageway I24 is pushed on out of that passageway to cause it to slide across the inclined face I25 to have it cooked to have the outer edge toward the wall 32 spaced rearwardly from the edge just leaving the passageway I24. As that frame herein designated by the numeral 48b comes out of the passageway I24, it travels between the noses I41 and I50 to cause them to be spread apart and thus frictionally engage the bottom and top edges of the frame 48b, and to remain in that engagement for the time being as the frame 4% takes the position as indicated in Fig. 6, Following that travel to position the frame 4822 as described, the cam I04 continues intritszrevolving':travel, to *returnrtheufeedpljatel22 :as .zbeforetojzthe aleft-hand side, and in so doing; afterrrthe:- .-feed 'plate is thus positioned,

the-pint! 30:-carr=ied-by",the cam IM comes down to? strikeithe lip; 1 2%, to-rocki the -level I 21, and thuslicause -the:.'lever 32 to rock inwardly or rearwardly-byits :upper end portion tolpress theheadrlii il toward-the :bl'ock-.28; -In so-doing, the

pins-.3 I itl4 5-, and i 12, are forced rearwardly through thezblock 28; to come into contact with the frame: @817 and push its end portion adjacent the-wal1'38 =re-a1wardlyito assumethe dash line position, Fig. 6, whereby the frame 4% is'freed' from frictionalengagement by the noses M! and I50, these noses .thengspringing. inwardly one toward'the other respectively, to be between the frame' 48b'and the back'surface: 'of' the block-28',

that is just behind thev inclined surface I25 as it; leaves the right-hand end of thepassageway 12 2, Fig: 6. Thus these noses I41, and 150 spring in front of the frame 136 to serve as spacers holding the frame'48b rearwardly by that edge portion so as to provide clearance for the next appearing frame 43 so that this next appearing frame 8 may enter between the frame 4% and the inclined surface I25. Thus it is to be seen that by causing "the outer'end portion of the frame iiib'to travel rearwardly as it comes up over the thickened portion I26 of the block 28, and then kicking the other edge portion of the frame 481: rearwardly, there is provided an entry way for the next following frame 58b.

In describing that operation, of feeding the frames 48 across the inside of the block 28, between therear lens block 35 and the lens tube 30, there is an interval time elapsing to allow the frame in the passageway I24 to remain there for a sufficient length of time to permit the audience to view the projection from that frame on a suitable screen. This interval time is set up by the arrangement of the cam IM within the cam follower hi6. In other words the time elapsing is that required for the nose IEO to leave the edge I6l on its down travel, and then come thereagainst as it comes up and around on its continuing travel; I

The travel of the pin 13!? across the nose I29 is rather rapid, and the lever I32 is in effect given a quick flip in order to release the frame 48b'from' the grip 'of the two finger noses hi? and ifit. The springs Hi3 and Mt serve to kick.

the .lever 132 back to its substantially vertically,

disposed position as indicated in Fig.7..

Atthe same time that the frames 48 are being fed transversely across the .front of. the device by the cam on the backend of the shaft 59- turningwithin the window 55 in the follower 55. i

As the nose of the cam :64 comes aroundinto contact with thefol10weredge I55, the follower 58 is shifted to the left, torcck the arm 63 accordingly and. thus carry the feed plate-.73 to-- the extreme left at the end of the travel of the follower .55.

At that time, airame lfibn the left-hand sideof the housing 31 will comeinto full'contact with the front face of .the'block 2e,

and then as the cam nose :54 comes on around a (travelling counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 3),

the nose lt-Lwill strike, the .ed e ilfiecf; the fol-:

lower 55, to carry'it-to vthe-rightagain, and in... thisuactionzthe feediplate willpushthexframei: 43 their against the z-blocicdi :on across. :into the passageway lfi betwcen the'wa1l;..15:andthefmntzidll a- 3 ,oncoming frames.

; uponthe second-reciprocation of-thearm-68 :tor

bring "a subsequent-drama tar-into-con-tactswiththe. front face-ofithe block e285,.the feed plate .13! will strike theleftehand--edge,-ofthe frame-#8,? and push. it against-the frame 48c, to roar-r51, t:

j on across to thepositiondBd as indicated in-botlr- Figs..=3 and Asthe -frame:-48d' strikes the'inr clined surface-H ,'itsleading edge will travel up; that surface-andzoveracross .thethickenedapore' tion i bf theblock, 29;:sothat the frame-481th is then inclined, that-is itiis out of parallelerela-s tion with-the: passageway-76.- As the-frame .4811

leaves the ipassageway lea it will SlidElbYqillSn'bOfirli) torn and top edges over thenoses-B'l andxtlllllv fr. the -.fingers =randi 9 8;: to spread those fingers.

Lapart so-that the-noses will grip the frameidildz frictionallytherebetweenl; The frame @4811: wi-llez remain= in that" positionwhile -the-= armwfifl @065?- throughanother travelback to ithe deft-hand: position, following which the 'pin' BZ-on: theacamti be -.wi-1l come. aroundand strike the lip fll on-rthe lever' 19, to-cause the-cam lip 83: to-kick outvthev lower end of the lever 84, and thus-push the headi 83J-forwardly towardwtheblock "2 9-, to cause the pins 89,399; and 93' to travel forwardly "through? the r block -29, to strike i the edge portion of the-1 frame 68d, that is that :"edgeportionvwhich s adjacent the.- wall 39", to kick that portion .out'- from betweenthe-grip ,ofwthe-noses HTandil I101: to cause the frame to go into theposition indi: cated-by the-dash 1inesw;int-'Fig; l,"that-"position: being retained byreasonofthenoses filandflfllli dropping in behindthe frame 48d:when inithat'. dashline position. i

Thus it. is to be seen'that as the filmv'frames 48-are fed across the -forward end: portion :Ofn: of thedevice behindtherbl-oeks 28,-2- they arerzalsois fed in the opposite direction-across the rrfrontw side of the block 29,: the filmsx travellingiitherer-r across in accordance with thetravelat theifront end -so that as one film-is taken outiin-one' place; it .is replaced" at-the back of --the ;-'otherd-pi;le."ri' In both instances, that is 'in the-frontfeednand the rear feed, the noses of the fingers. in each instance servefirstto retain thelshifted frame in the inclined positions,,that 'is inclin'edw from the normalfparallel positi0n=o'f...one frame.v with another, until the. fingers pushftheuframes forwardly along the wall of..the. .lamp.. housi-n ,s.- whereupon those noses drop in behind... that pushed ahead edge, portion... so .as ,to preventiithe.v

other frames from returning theshifted-iramesi; against the blocks 28 and 29. asthe case may be,..; all in order thatthere. may be space for entrance. under the shiftededges .ofthe. .nextisucceeding It maysometimes happen, that. there .are not; enough of the .frames..48, ,tomfill .both; spaceson the sides of the lamphousing 31. In thatysit'uag tion, the available frames .48 are, pla'ced..in .the.-

, right-hand frame trough, that is between the...

wall 39 and the outer .wall. 33,; and 'thenlifl there be, sufiicient old frames'not. to: be .viewed theseie the frames. .48 forwardly ,against- .theblock .2 &- tea secure. or ,rather, insure the. proper ,feedingi by the ,cross. slide cl 22,1 Likewise old frames-map, be used on the; greceiying 5 siden that is the sides,

between-.the outer wall p.32 and thes-housin e Where that is not desirable, or not permissible, then there may be used a device of the nature shown in perspective in Fig. 9, wherein there are two end plates I and. "I of substantially the same size and area as that of the individual frames 48. Between these two plates I10 and "I there is interposed an elongated spread apart spring I12 so that undue pressure between the plates I10 and "I will not arise during the feeding thereagainst of either plate as the case may be when this device is dropped into either one of the spaces on the sides of the housing 31, one of the devices as shown in Fig. 9 being used on one side and one on the other side, when the number of frames 48 are quite small in number.

In using this device shown in Fig. 9, the frames of course will not be displayed a second time since they cannot travel entirely around the circuit. Thev will have to be shifted from one side to the other past these devices. This device only serves as a spacer of a resilient nature to fill in the spaces between the back block 29 and the frames 48 thereahead on the right-hand side of the housing 31 and between the block 29 and the block 28 so that the frames which have been viewed can come back thereagainst and be held in vertical alignment.

In order to prevent jamming of the machine by either of the feed plates 13 or I22 striking the p ates I10 and "I on this spacer device, these plates I10 and HI, or at least one plate such as plate I10 is provided with a vertical edge portion I13 curved backwardly from the plate plane to provide clearance for entry of either feed plate 13 or I22 between that edge portion I13 and the face of the block 29 or 28 as the case may be, whereby the plate I10 will be pushed back as the feed plate travels therebetween.

Therefore while I have described the invention in theone particular form which provides a very positive and yet simple mechanism to accomplish the purpose, I do not desire to be limited to that precise form in view of the fact that mechanical variations may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention within the scope of the following appended claims.

I claim:

I. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality of separated film frames, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having a generally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge in substantially vertically disposed re ation in a horizontally dis-. 7

posed stack; a lamp housing between the compartments; a lens system ahead of said housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a front wall across each of said compartments; one of said compartments being for frames to be projected, and the other compartment for receiving frames already projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed frame thickness reciprocable across the back face of the to-be-projected frame compartment; said lens system being provided with a transverse passageway thereacrossconfining the frames therein to substantially vertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time to push it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and to push the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of the wall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed,

' elastically gripping members at the exit end of saidpassageway in saidlast compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges of the frame move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to be gripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edge portion adjacent said passageway exit end rearwardly from the grip of said members to permit said members to spring toward each other between said wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the next frame coming from said passageway; means for reciprocating said frame shifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with the reciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members.

2. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality'of separated film frames, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having a generally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge in substantially vertically disposed relation in a horizontally disposed stack; a lamp housing between the compartments; a lens system ahead of said housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a front wall across each of said compartments; .one of said compartments being for frames to be projected, and the other compartment for'receiving frames already projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed frame thickness reciprocable across the back fence'of the to-be-projected frame compartment; said lens system being provided with a transverse passageway thereacross confining the frames therein to substantially vertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time to push it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and to push the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of the wall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed, elastically gripping members at the exit end of said passageway in said last compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges of the frame move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to be gripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edge portion adjacent said passageway exit and rearwardly from the grip of said members to permit said members to spring toward each other between said wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the next frame coming from said pa sageway; means for reciprocating said frame shifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with the reciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members; said reciprocating means comprising a cam, a lever rocked by the cam and interconnected with said frame shifting member; and said pushing member operating means comprising a spring normally withholding the pushing members from the path of frames coming thereacross from said passageway, and a lever rockably mounted to be rocked by travel of said cam to press said members rearwardly against the opposition of said spring.

3. A machine to project in sequence from a plurality of separated film frames, comprising a pair of frame holding compartments each having a generally horizontally disposed floor to receive the frames on edge in substantially vertically disposed relation in a horizontally disposed stack; a lamp housing between the com partments; a lens system ahead of said housing at a relatively front end of the machine; a front wall across each of said compartments; one of said compartments being for frames to be pro jected, and the other compartment for receiving frames already projected; a frame shifting member of not to exceed frame thickness reciprocable across the back face of the to-be-projected frame compartment; said lens system being provided with a transverse passageway thereacross con fining the frames therein to substantially vertical positions; said shifting member engaging one frame at a time to push it off the front end of said stack into said passageway, and to push the preceding frame from said passageway along the back side of the wall of the projected-frame compartment; a pair of vertically opposed, elastically gripping members at the exit end of said passageway in said last compartment, between which members the top and bottom edges of the frame move during the travel of the frame from the passageway to be gripped and held; members for pushing said frame by a vertical edge portion adjacent said passageway exit and rearwardly from the grip of said members to permit said members to spring toward each other between said wall and said frame to provide entrance therebetween of the next frame coming from said passageway; means for reciprocating said frame shifting member, and means operated in timed sequence with the reciprocating means for actuating said frame rearwardly pushing members; said frame edge gripping members having frame edge contact portions limited to a zone immediately adjacent to said passageway exit.

4. A device of the character described comprising a pair of compartments for holding in each a stack of frames and having an interconnecting frame transfer passageway with an entrance thereto at one end of one compartment and an exit therefrom at an end of the other compartment; means for pushing frames from said one compartment, 2. vertical edge of one frame against a vertical edge of a preceding frame, into said passageway; and a pair of substantially vertically opposed, elastically reciprocable members located in the path of frames emerging from said exit, against and between which members the top and bottom edges of the frames are forcibly guided from said passageway to have those edges slidingly gripped by said members; and means shifting laterally in respect to frame travel through said passageway, a frame from the grip of said members to allow said members to retract one toward the other behind the frame to permit the then retracted said members to serve as abutments against return frame travel; said frame gripping members comprising a lower nose and an upper nose, both in substantial vertical alignment, and spring means normally urging the noses one toward the other; stops limiting movement of the noses to a spacing therebetween of parts thereof at least less than the height of said frames; and each of said noses being inclined downwardly and upwardly respectively on sides directed toward oncoming frames against which the bottom and top edges of those frames will initially come into contact and by continued travel of the frames therebetween urge said noses apart one from the other.

5. A device of the character described comprising a pair of compartments for holding in each a stack of frames and having an interconnecting frame transfer passageway with an entrance thereto at one end of one compartment and an exit therefrom at an end of the other compartment; means for pushing frames from said one compartment, a vertical edge of one frame against a vertical edge of a preceding frame, into said passageway; and a pair of substantially vertically opposed, elastically reciprocable members located in the path of frames emergin from said exit, against and between which members the top and botom edges of the frames are forcibly guided from said passageway to have those edges slidingly gripped by said members; and means shifting laterally in respect to frame travel through said passageway, a frame from the grip of said members to allow said members to retract one toward the other behind the frame to permit the then retracted said members to serve as abutments against return frame travel; a surface at the end of said other compartment inclining from said passageway exit inwardly of the compartment; said members being located adjacent said xit, whereby a frame coming from said exit is carried over said surface into a horizontally inclined position pivoting thereto between said gripping members; and frame shifting means having elements located to push on that portion of the frame held between said members to rock the frame on a fulcrum provided by the innermost portion of said surface and to carry the frame substantially laterally from said gripping members.

6. In a device for transferring frames from one compartment through a projecting position into a second compartment and having means to effect said transfer, a pair of frame gripping members elastically urged one toward the other and normally spaced apart a distance less than a dimension across a frame between its opposite edges; said gripping members being located to be in the paths of said edges as the frame enters said second compartment in each instance, to have said members spread apart by those edges and yieldingly be gripped thereby; means for rocking the frame by one end portion while gripped by said members by the other end portion; and means pushing said other end portion of the frame from the grip of said members to restore the frame into substantial parallelism with, but spaced from the line of transfer of the frame from said projecting position.

ROBERT P. SMITH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 595,165 Green et a1 Dec. 7, 1897 1,159,681 Kastner Nov. 9, 1915 1,288,730 Stanfield Dec. 24, 1918 1,298,417 Stillwaggon Mar. 25, 1919 1,309,358 Graves ..'July 8, 1919 1,752,952 Jelinek Apr. 1, 1930 1,839,545 Frye Jan. 5, 1932 2,260,660 Darwin Oct. 28, 1941 2,298,413 Reid Oct. 13, 1942 2,496,724 Host Feb. 7, 1950 2,533,441 Estes Dec. 12, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 374,936 Germany May 3, 1923 242,879 Switzerland June 15. 1946

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