US2629447A - Method for effecting and controlling the recharge of underground formations by special wells - Google Patents

Method for effecting and controlling the recharge of underground formations by special wells Download PDF

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US2629447A
US2629447A US133174A US13317449A US2629447A US 2629447 A US2629447 A US 2629447A US 133174 A US133174 A US 133174A US 13317449 A US13317449 A US 13317449A US 2629447 A US2629447 A US 2629447A
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head
conduit
casing
water
fluid
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US133174A
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Nebolsine Ross
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E21B37/08Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells cleaning in situ of down-hole filters, screens, e.g. casing perforations, or gravel packs

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  • the present invention relates to the better utilization of Water or other fluids by artificial recharging of underground formations permitting such action, as, for example, porous rocks, sand and/or gravel strata in order to create additional supply of fluid at desired areas at a time when the source of fluid supply is on, and for abstraction and use of said iiuid or of displaced fluid when such supply substantially decreases.
  • very large quantities of fluid can be stored underground for later use.
  • Fig. 1 is a view largely in sectional elevation showing one form of apparatus for carrying out the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation which is enlarged to show the lower end or portion of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3.
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the movable head portion of a modified re-oharging well rangernent
  • Fig. 5 is a somewhat enlarged horizontal section on the line E is. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken above the movable cleaning head shown in Fig. 4, and some what enlarged with respect to that figure.
  • Fig. 7 is a vertical section talren on the line 'l-l, Fig. 6, reduced in size with respect to that figure.
  • a ground formation of that type adapted to be charged or recharged with Water, but which formation is shown schematically.
  • a casing 5 2 of suitable cross-section and preferably cylindrical.
  • the lower area of the casing for a considerable distance from its end is provided with openings, as at 3, which have a double function will later be described.
  • conduit preferably of strong rigid metal, and which is shown at l.
  • This conduit projects upwardly from the casing head 5 and is connected to means for raising and lowering it.
  • Fig. l the conduit t is shown as having an inlet head 5 in communication with a flexible fluid-receiving tube 7, and head 6 has attached thereto a cable 3 for the purpose of raising and lowering the conduit.
  • conduit d ll ithin casing 2 and carried by conduit d is a head d of special construction.
  • the conduit is closed at its lower end by a weight valve member It! of such formation that when the conduit and head are moved downwardly until the weight valve strikes the underlying ground formation and is raised. fluid can be drawn from said area directly into the conduit l.
  • the head 9 can be slidably raised and lowered by corresponding movements of the tubular conduit which carries it, and at the same time the periphery of the cleaning head closely fits the interior face of the casing 2.
  • the cleaning head hasprojected therethrough a plurality of tubes l l, and these tubes may hold separate upper and lower head sections as shown in Fig. 4. This spacing provides passageway for fluid passing radially toward the well through selected apertures or screen openings of the easing into the head and through openings 5.2 (Fig. 2) in the tubular conduit, or passing through a lower well boundary of firm compact porous ground tonnation whichwould the equivalent.
  • the casing head 5 is provided with a water entrance pipe i so that Water under pressure may enter the ca 2; to pass downwardly around the. conduit and to the head, the pipes ii providing passage throughthe head by the water. It will generally be preferred that'the volume of water passing through the .head'be substantially greater than the water passing into the head from the openings in the casing wall. For ample, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the passageway at i5 leading through the head to the openings i2 the conduit is relatively narrow and receives water from a substantially restricted area of the casing.
  • the casing and conduit will be the same, or at least may be the same as that illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive. Therefore, the same reference characters have been employed for the said elements.
  • the head is formed as an upper section, indicated at IT, and a lower section which is indicated at I8. Between these sections is a water entrance area indicated in Fig. 4 at l9, and which may surround the tubular conduit 4.
  • the conduit is slotted or otherwise apertured at for the ingress of water to the tubular conduit.
  • the tubular conduit itself carries a plurality of vertically arranged metallic pipe members 2 I. These may be made of split tubin longitudinally spread at the splits and welded to the tubular conduit 4.
  • extend through the head sections from end to end thereof, and if desired, they may, by contact with the inner wall of the casing 2 provide independent parallel passageways dis posed laterally with respect to the conduit and leading to those openings in the well as are below any given vertical position of the head.
  • a method of operating recharging wells of that character having a cased upper section and also a lower section in fluid communication with permeable underground formation which consists in partially blocking olf from within the well a selected section of exposed surface Of fluid bearing formation by means of a reverse flow head and withdrawing fluid from said underground formation through unblocked openings opposite the head thence therein and through ports in a conduit carrying said head, and conducting the flow upwards, and discharging the flow at the top of th well, these operations being conducted simultaneously with the feeding of a proportionately larger volume of fluid into the permeable underground formations above and below the head through openings which are in contact with the permeable underground formation, said upward flow being achieved by producing a differential hydrostatic pressure between the fluid in the adjacent underground formation, both above and below said blocked area and the interior of the cleaning head and of the attached conduit, the latter extending to the top of the well, and periodically and automatically creating this differential pressure within the said cleaning head and conduit for effecting reverse flow concentrically towards the cleaning head and up through the conduit to the

Description

1953 R. NEBOLSINE METHOD FOR EFFECTING AND CONTROLLING THE RECHARGE OF UNDERGROUND FORMATIONS BY SPECIAL WELLS Filed Dec. 15, 1949 2 SHEETSSHEET l Feb. 24, 1953 R. NEBOLSINE 2,629,447
METHOD FOR EFFECTING AND CONTROLLING THE RECHARGE 0F UNDERGROUND FORMATIONS BY SPECIAL WELLS Filed Dec. 15, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 u "I! I Patented Feb. 24, 1953 UNITED STATE GFFICE Application December 15, 19429, Serial No. 133,174
1 illaiin.
The present invention relates to the better utilization of Water or other fluids by artificial recharging of underground formations permitting such action, as, for example, porous rocks, sand and/or gravel strata in order to create additional supply of fluid at desired areas at a time when the source of fluid supply is on, and for abstraction and use of said iiuid or of displaced fluid when such supply substantially decreases. Thus, very large quantities of fluid can be stored underground for later use.
In my method, special means is employed in the formation of the recharging well and the form and relation of its elements to insure sive recharging rates and maintain rich recharge rates by automatic cleaning or flushing of the exposed permeable underground formation or of the openings through which iluid is normally charged from the well into the ground formation.
The above and other objects of the invention will be described with reference to th accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a view largely in sectional elevation showing one form of apparatus for carrying out the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation which is enlarged to show the lower end or portion of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3. Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the movable head portion of a modified re-oharging well rangernent;
Fig. 5 is a somewhat enlarged horizontal section on the line E is. 4;
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken above the movable cleaning head shown in Fig. 4, and some what enlarged with respect to that figure. and
Fig. 7 is a vertical section talren on the line 'l-l, Fig. 6, reduced in size with respect to that figure.
Referring to the drawings. and particularly Figs. 1-3, inclusive, I have shown at i a ground formation of that type adapted to be charged or recharged with Water, but which formation is shown schematically. Within the formation is driven or otherwise installed, a casing 5 2 of suitable cross-section and preferably cylindrical. The lower area of the casing for a considerable distance from its end is provided with openings, as at 3, which have a double function will later be described.
Within casing 2 is a conduit, preferably of strong rigid metal, and which is shown at l.
This conduit projects upwardly from the casing head 5 and is connected to means for raising and lowering it. Fig. l the conduit t is shown as having an inlet head 5 in communication with a flexible fluid-receiving tube 7, and head 6 has attached thereto a cable 3 for the purpose of raising and lowering the conduit.
ll ithin casing 2 and carried by conduit d is a head d of special construction. As can be noted from Figs. 1 and 2, the conduit is closed at its lower end by a weight valve member It! of such formation that when the conduit and head are moved downwardly until the weight valve strikes the underlying ground formation and is raised. fluid can be drawn from said area directly into the conduit l.
In the said constructions of Figs. 1 to 3, the head 9 can be slidably raised and lowered by corresponding movements of the tubular conduit which carries it, and at the same time the periphery of the cleaning head closely fits the interior face of the casing 2. The cleaning head hasprojected therethrough a plurality of tubes l l, and these tubes may hold separate upper and lower head sections as shown in Fig. 4. This spacing provides passageway for fluid passing radially toward the well through selected apertures or screen openings of the easing into the head and through openings 5.2 (Fig. 2) in the tubular conduit, or passing through a lower well boundary of firm compact porous ground tonnation whichwould the equivalent.
The casing head 5 is provided with a water entrance pipe i so that Water under pressure may enter the ca 2; to pass downwardly around the. conduit and to the head, the pipes ii providing passage throughthe head by the water. It will generally be preferred that'the volume of water passing through the .head'be substantially greater than the water passing into the head from the openings in the casing wall. For ample, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the passageway at i5 leading through the head to the openings i2 the conduit is relatively narrow and receives water from a substantially restricted area of the casing.
In the operation of the embodiment shown in Fi s. 1 to inclusive, water or some other fluid is led into the casing via a pipe is and passes through. ports in the casing both above and below the head. the water freely passing through the pipes or tubes I! which project through the head a. This casing intake of water may be under a desired pressure, above gravity if desired. Thus the water may be passed into the casing in excess of the capacity of the ports 3 to discharge the water into the ground formation. But whether the water discharged from the casing through ports 3 is under gravitational or under applied pressure, a differential in pressure will be created at the area of the casing closed by the head as to casing ports. In other words, there will be hydrostatic pressure above and below those ports of the casing which are opened to the interior of the head in Whatever vertical position the head is brought by raising or lowering the tubular conduit 4. This hydrostatic differential in pressure is normally brought into such control as to effect radial flow concentrically inward thus automatically flushing and cleaning the openings in the well screen and the adjacent permeable underground formation.
The clogging of openings or screens in wells of the general type and of the adjacent porous and permeable underground formations has constituted a serious problem for many years. This is caused by matter in suspension carried by the water or other fluid fed into the underground reservoir. By the simple means of my invention, the entire section of the well in communication with the permeable underground formation and the fluid bearing structure adjacent to the well can efiiciently 'be cleaned by raising and lowering the conduit and attached head, through corresponding movements of the conduit itself, and permitting the differential hydrostatic pressure to dislodge and carry inward the material packed about and in the adjacent permeable formation and the openings or screen holes and which has been brought in by the fluid outwardly flowing through the exposed area into the underground formation.
In the modified form shown in Figs. 4 to 7, inclusive, the casing and conduit will be the same, or at least may be the same as that illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive. Therefore, the same reference characters have been employed for the said elements. As in the last-named figures, the head is formed as an upper section, indicated at IT, and a lower section which is indicated at I8. Between these sections is a water entrance area indicated in Fig. 4 at l9, and which may surround the tubular conduit 4. The conduit is slotted or otherwise apertured at for the ingress of water to the tubular conduit. However, the tubular conduit itself carries a plurality of vertically arranged metallic pipe members 2 I. These may be made of split tubin longitudinally spread at the splits and welded to the tubular conduit 4. These members 2| extend through the head sections from end to end thereof, and if desired, they may, by contact with the inner wall of the casing 2 provide independent parallel passageways dis posed laterally with respect to the conduit and leading to those openings in the well as are below any given vertical position of the head.
Due to the proportions of the elements and the relatively high hydrostatic pressure which can be built up, it is entirely feasible to utilize such pressure for carrying the dislodged port-clogging material and accompanying water upwardly out of the tubular conduit without the necessity of suction, but suction can be employed if desired.
It will be understood that various modifications may be made in the form and arrangement of the elements constituting the embodiment shown, without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:
A method of operating recharging wells of that character having a cased upper section and also a lower section in fluid communication with permeable underground formation, which consists in partially blocking olf from within the well a selected section of exposed surface Of fluid bearing formation by means of a reverse flow head and withdrawing fluid from said underground formation through unblocked openings opposite the head thence therein and through ports in a conduit carrying said head, and conducting the flow upwards, and discharging the flow at the top of th well, these operations being conducted simultaneously with the feeding of a proportionately larger volume of fluid into the permeable underground formations above and below the head through openings which are in contact with the permeable underground formation, said upward flow being achieved by producing a differential hydrostatic pressure between the fluid in the adjacent underground formation, both above and below said blocked area and the interior of the cleaning head and of the attached conduit, the latter extending to the top of the well, and periodically and automatically creating this differential pressure within the said cleaning head and conduit for effecting reverse flow concentrically towards the cleaning head and up through the conduit to the top of the well.
ROSS NEBOLSINE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
US133174A 1949-12-15 1949-12-15 Method for effecting and controlling the recharge of underground formations by special wells Expired - Lifetime US2629447A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4248305A (en) * 1979-03-12 1981-02-03 Scarbrough William L Aquifer recharge using natural energy
US4779681A (en) * 1987-06-16 1988-10-25 Michael York Packer for oil or gas well with lateral passage therethrough and method of fracturing well
US5069286A (en) * 1990-04-30 1991-12-03 The Mogul Corporation Method for prevention of well fouling
US5803178A (en) * 1996-09-13 1998-09-08 Union Oil Company Of California Downwell isolator
US6481503B2 (en) * 2001-01-08 2002-11-19 Baker Hughes Incorporated Multi-purpose injection and production well system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1298083A (en) * 1918-01-10 1919-03-25 Frank M Nevins Perforation-cleaner for well-casings.
US1673616A (en) * 1925-10-01 1928-06-12 Boynton Alexander Method of and device for cementing wells
US2187275A (en) * 1937-01-12 1940-01-16 Amos N Mclennan Means for locating and cementing off leaks in well casings
US2213987A (en) * 1937-02-20 1940-09-10 Texas Co Screen and gravel washing device and method
US2466305A (en) * 1941-05-02 1949-04-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well device
US2512801A (en) * 1947-02-17 1950-06-27 Shell Dev Perforation washer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1298083A (en) * 1918-01-10 1919-03-25 Frank M Nevins Perforation-cleaner for well-casings.
US1673616A (en) * 1925-10-01 1928-06-12 Boynton Alexander Method of and device for cementing wells
US2187275A (en) * 1937-01-12 1940-01-16 Amos N Mclennan Means for locating and cementing off leaks in well casings
US2213987A (en) * 1937-02-20 1940-09-10 Texas Co Screen and gravel washing device and method
US2466305A (en) * 1941-05-02 1949-04-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well device
US2512801A (en) * 1947-02-17 1950-06-27 Shell Dev Perforation washer

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4248305A (en) * 1979-03-12 1981-02-03 Scarbrough William L Aquifer recharge using natural energy
US4779681A (en) * 1987-06-16 1988-10-25 Michael York Packer for oil or gas well with lateral passage therethrough and method of fracturing well
US5069286A (en) * 1990-04-30 1991-12-03 The Mogul Corporation Method for prevention of well fouling
US5803178A (en) * 1996-09-13 1998-09-08 Union Oil Company Of California Downwell isolator
US6481503B2 (en) * 2001-01-08 2002-11-19 Baker Hughes Incorporated Multi-purpose injection and production well system
USRE40308E1 (en) 2001-01-08 2008-05-13 Baker Hughes Incorporated Multi-purpose injection and production well system

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