US2603368A - Tilting control system for rollclamping industrial lift trucks - Google Patents

Description

July 15, 1952 R. G. VANCE 2,603,368

TILTING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ROLL-CLAMPING INDUSTRIAL LIFT TRUCKS Filed April 28, 1950 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 INVENTOR. EQBEET a VANCE.

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A TTOENEV-S July 15, 1952 R. G. VANCE TILTING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ROLL-CLAMPING INDUSTRIAL LIFT TRUCKS 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed April 28, 1950 206527 a. wwce BY J23,

stop the rotation at the desired position.

Patented July 15, 1952 UNITED STATES TENT 'F FICE asoasesi j TILTTNG CONTROL sYs'i EMiion aoLLe I CLAMPING INDUSTRIALLIFT TRUCKS Robert ev nce, Maple Hihi} Ohio, as'ig'n'r' to The Elwell-Parker Electric Company, Cleve land, Ohio,a corporation of Ohio Appellate April 23, 1950, serial No.- 158,800

claims. (01. 214-66) 1 This invention relates to control. systems in industrial lift trucks, and particularly columns lift trucks of the roll clamping and roll rotating type. l An object of this invention is to providea'.control system which allows the rotation of the load carrier only when the carrier has the load elevated to a predetermined level at which neither carrier nor load will-be damaged upon rotation by collision with the floor.

, Anotherobject is to provide acontrol system by which the load may be rotated'throu'gh a'predetermined arc without the necessity of .sp eF, cific actuation of the controls by the operator to Another object is to provide. a control system by which the tilting of the upright frame of the truck is automatically confined within a predetermined safe limit after the load carrier has risen to a predetermined height.

Another object is to provide a control system whereby the upright frame .may be tilted through a predetermined are without specfic activation of the controls by the operator to stop' thetilting at the desired position.

I Still further objects and advantages will an; pear in the following description, and drawings inwhich: l v I f Fig". 1 is aside view (in gross) of an'industrial lift truck of the type having a tiltable' telescop ingupright frame and rotatable clamp, the clamp and frame being shown in an elevated position witha r011 held in a vertical position; l

.Fig, 2 is apartial side View of the truck with clamp and frame in position for picking up'of roll lying on its side;

;-Fig. Bis the mechanical-electricalcontrol cir-f cuit for therotational 'I'nov'ement of the roll clamp; and

Fig. 4is the mechanical-electrical,control ci'r: cuit for the tilting movement of the elevatabl'e frame.

The roll-clamping lift truck shown in Fig.1. is, of the electrically powered type. It comprises the truck body and chassis, generally indicated by reference numeral II, a frame l2, tilt'ably, mounted on the body,an electric, motoripowered' mechanism, [3 by whichithe frame is tiltedfforwardjor backward, an upright .frame l4, telescopingjjinffrarfrie 12, a carriage 'l51movablymounted, ingthe'elevatable frame L4,;and a hy draulically' J1 and 1. ro da n; a ed e ra y a I rota ably m un ed on h ca ria -f, Mea s; Knot shown) f for jn'oving the'icarria'ge 15 in the. frame I4" and for elevating the frame are provided."

- 2 Likewise, not shown. are the batteries and the means provided for rotating the clamp with respect to the carriage.

A hydraulic system is provided for'operating the clamp, and a control system for the operation of the clamp, the clamp rotating devicaand carriage. an frame elevating mechanism, and

the tilting mechanism to be described hereinafter are also provided on thetruck. The truck may, be propelled and controlled in its vehicular movements by any of the conventional means.

The roll clamp mechanism has a base plate I! rotatably mounted on, a corresponding plate 19 borne'by carriage 15, a fixed jaw 20 afiixed to the base plate and am'cvable jaw 2 l,.slidable' on the fixed jaw within side pieces '22 thereon Curved face pieces 23 of the jaws are provided interiorly with friction surfaces 24 to aid inholding' the rolls. These friction surfacesmay be of rubher or someother suitable material. The jaw 2| is moved toward or awayfrom jaw 29 by hydraulic' cylinders mounted between the jaws. The mechanism rotating the clamp assembly is adapted to position the clamp with the fixed jaw edge horizontal and below the movable jaw for picking up a roll lying on its side, and then to rotatefthe clampjthrough 90 so that the roll is axially vertical for tiering. I As the rotating mechanism, as such, forms no part ofthe present invention, it isnot described here in detail. To pick up the roll lying on its side, the clamp is rotated so that the jaws are parallel to the floor or surface. on which the roll rests, with the fixed jawnearest the floor, as shown in Fig. 2. The upright frame is generally tilted forward, so that [as the truck isadvanced toward the roll, the fixed jaw meets the roll slightly behind the line of ,contact between roll and floor, and then To prevent damage tothe clamp or to a roll" a held therein, rotation of the clamp must be pos sible only 'when the clamp is "above a certain- Hence there is provided the minimum; height. control system for j the clamp rotating motor, shown in Fig. 3, which also incorporates rotation limiting means, so that when the extreme of desired rotation is reached, the roll clamp an tomaticallystops at either vertical or horizon tal' position if the rotation controller is just held in the desired operating position.

After afrollhas beengraspedinthe clamp, the

upright frame it tilted backwards beyond the vertical to give the fioor clearance that may be needed at ramps or similar places in the path of the truck. Thus with one design of truck and clamp jaws, a forward tilt is used in picking up horizontal rolls and a 15 backward tilt for carrying clearance. Such a backward tilting, to obtain necessary clearances in truck travel, is preferable to simply elevating the load, for truck stability in travel is more certain under all conditions the lower the load. When a roll is to be placed in a new location in a horizontal position, the upright frame is tilted slightly forward-for example, about 3 with one jaw designto facilitate releasing and depositing the roll when the clamp is opened.

From a safety standpoint it is of particular importance that, when loaded, the load not be elevated beyond a certain point and tilted forward beyond a certain angle, lest the truck become unstable. Hence, a tilting control system is provided which, after the clamp is elevated to a certain height determined by the design of the truck, will not allow the upright frame to be tilted forward more than the small angle needed to release the roll. Such a tilting control system is shown in Fig. 4. This system also has the advantages of stopping the forward tilting at the angle needed for picking up horizontal rolls, the backward tilting at the carrying angle, and when the frame is elevated, at the small forward tilt needed for release of a horizontal roll. The angles specified in this description are, of course, merely exemplary.

The aforementioned rotation control system, shown in Fig. 3, comprises a motor 30 to operate the clamp rotating mechanism suitably connected thereto, a pair of contactor boxes 3| and 32 for connecting the motor leads for operation in opposite directions, say left and right rotation respectively; two normally closed rotation limit switches 33 and 34 for stopping rotation to left and right respectively, a normally closed height limit switch 35 to prevent any rotation when the clamp is too low for rotation without damage to clamp or load; and a manually operated rotation controller 36, which is mounted atthe operators station on the truck. The switch 35 is preferably mounted on the upright frame |2 at such a height that the clamp carriage will actuate it from its normally closed position to an open position when the clamp is too low for safe rotation. The rotation limit switches 33 and 34 may be mounted on fixed plate IQ for operation to open position by suitably positioned cams carried by rotatable plate H. The precise location andcamming mechanism for these switches are not shown as these are merely matters of design convenience.

In the contactor box 3| the solenoid coil 40, when energized, brings the movable contacts 4| and 42, which are mechanically linked, in contact with the corresponding fixed contacts. 43 and 44. Similar contactor box 32 has a solenoid coil 45, movable contacts 46 and 41 and fixed contacts 48 and 49. The contactor arm 56 of the rotation controller 36 can be moved from a neutral position to either contact 5| for left rotation or contact 52 for right rotation. One side of rotation limit switch 33 is connected to contact 5| by conductor 53, while the other side is connected by conductor 5 to solenoid coil 40. Conductors 55 and 56 in a similar manner connect rotation limit switch 34 respectively, to contact 52 and solenoid 45. The other end of solenoids 40 and 45 are joined by conductor 51.

One side of height limit switch 35 is connected by conductor 58 to controller contact arm 50, and the other side by conductor 59 to fixed contacts 43 and 49 of the contact boxes. The other fixed contacts 44 and 48 are bridged by conductors 60, which is connected by 6| to one side of motor field 62, the other side of which is connected to conductor 51 by 63. Movable contact 4| is connected to movable contact 46 by conductor 64, while movable contacts 42 and 41 are connected by 65. The leads 66 and 6'! of motor armature 68 are connected respectively to conductors 64 and 65. The positive and negative power leads 69 and 6941 are connected respectively to conductors 59 and 63.

With this control circuit, as long as the clamp is below the minimum height for safe rotation, since switch 35 is then mechanically held open,

= the positive power line to the controller is open and no current can flow in the control circuit through the solenoids 40 or 45 to close the motor circuit contacts in the conductor boxes, no matter how the controller 36 is set. When the clamp is above the minimum safe height, switch 35 is closed, so that if the controller is normally operated to bring'contact arm 50 against, for example, contact 5| to rotate the clamp to the left, then current will flow through conductors 69 and 59, switch 35, conductor 58, controller 36, conductor 53, switch 33, conductor 54, solenoid 40, and conductors 51, 63 and 69a. The current flowing in this left rotation control circuit energizes solenoid 40 to bring movable contacts 4| and 42 against contacts 43 and 44 of the motor control circuit, thereby allowing current to flow through conductors 69, 59, 64 and 66, the armature, the conductors 6T, 65, 60, 6|, the field 62, the conductors 63 and 69a, to operate the motor. If the controller arm 50 is merely held in position against contact 5|, the clamp will be rotated to the desired position for which limit switch 33 is set, whereupon 33 is mechanically opened by a cam or other means known to the art, thereby opening the left rotation control circuit to deenergize solenoid 46 and so release movable contactors 4| and 42 to the opening bias thereof, thereby opening the motor circuit. If it is desired to rotate the clamp back again the contactor arm 50 is brought against contact 52, and a similar current flow through solenoid 45 in the right rotation control circuit closes movable contacts 46 and 41 upon 48 and 49, again to cause current to flow in the motor circuit, but with this difference, as is readily seen, that the direction of current through the armature is reversed from what it was for left rotation. Hence the motor rotation is reversed. As soon as the right rotation begins, the left rotation limit switch 33 again closes in readiness for left rotation control when needed. A normally closed motor brake electromagnetically operated by a solenoid coil in series with the field may be provided, so that immediately as the motor current fiows the brake is released, and as the motor current ceases the brake is applied to get exact positioning of the clamp when the rotation limit switches are actuated.

' The tilting motor operating circuit and tilt controlcircuit of this invention, shown in Fig. 4, include a drum type manual controller 70; a motor 1|, here shown as a compound wound motor having an armature 12, a series field 13, a shunt field I4, and a solenoid coil 15 for releasing a normally applied motor brake; a 15- backward tilt limit switch 16, a 15 forward tilt limit switch 11, a 3- attests forward tilt limit switch 18, aclamp height trolled'forward' tilt cut-out switch 19-, and a motor control contractor box 80. The tilt limit switches 19, "and 18, all of a normally closed type, may bemounted on the'truck' chassis for operationby any suitable'mechanical linkage connected to the upright frame. In Fig. 2' there-is shown one such means of operating these limit switches; comprisingan arm 8| carriedon thepivot shaft 82 of the tiltable upright frame- I2, and a horizontalfcut out" rod 83; bearing three lugs projecting t ere: from to operate the limit switches. Each lu'g'in the rod is so adjusted in position thata's the rod 83 moves correspondingly to the tilting ofupr'ight frame I2, switch 16 is opened at 15 backw'ard'tilt, switch "II at 15 forward tilt; and switch "at 3 forward" tilt. switch 19, normally open, may be mountedion upright frame I'2to be held closed by a'camming; action of the clampcarriage I5 as long as the clamp is at a height which is safe for: forward tilt, similarly to the mannen'in' which normally closed switch 35 inthe" rotationcontrol cii'cuitis' held open when" the roll clamp carriage is at'unsafe operating heights.

In the drum c'ontroller'IO, the drum ao isprcvided with two sets of contact segments; one set iii-96' for back tilting, and the other 91402 for forward tilting, and a series of flnger's I03-"I09; which are in contact with the drum. Thesefls'egf ments are conductively' connected in'the follow-' ing'gr'oups; 9I, 92, 93, and 96; and 95; 9]," 90, 99 and I00; IOI and I02. When the controlle'r'is" in the offv' position, the fingers contac't'none of the segments but lie between'th'etwo' sets of segments. However, when the controller is'iin operating positiortfingers' I05, I06, I01, I08 and l0iiiarein contact respectively with segments 92,93, 94, stand for back tilting, and 9B, 99', I00, IM and I02for forward tilting; while finger I03 contacts only segment 91,- and finger I04 onlysegnientfl for back and forward tilt respectively. Segments 9| and 91 are displaced somewhat from theline of position of therest of the segments of the sets to which they. belOng',. resulting ina contact with their corresponding fingers which is delayed some what-after the initial contacts' of the fingers with the rest of the segments in each set. In the motor control contactor box;'80,.solenoidcoil II I, when energized, moves contact I I2 against fixed contact I'I3 and-contact IIlagainst the fixed contact pair H6 and H1. One end of coilI II is internally connected internally of the box to contact II2,. while contact H3 is similarly connected to contact Ill. The negative power line I is connected to the one end of coil III commonly with M2, while positive power lead I2I is connect'ed tofin'g'er'wfi'. Conductor I22 joins con'tact I'I3itoion'e' end of 'motorseries field 13 and shunt nerd? i'icommonl while the other end of" these fields are connected respectively to fingers- I08 and I05 by conductors I23"and I24. The motor armature leads I25 and I26 are connected to fingers I01 and I09. One end of the motor brake releasing solenoid I5 is connected to conductor I24 and the other by conductor I21 to contact I I6. The back tilt limit switch I9 is connected by conductors I30 and I3I respectively, to finger I03 and the solenoid coil III. The 3 forward tilt switch I8 is connected on one side by conductor I32 to I3I, on the other by I33 to the 15 forward tilt switch 11, which in turn is connected by I34 to finger I04. The switch 19 is connected to conductor I33 by I35, and by I36 to the solenod coil III commonly with conductor I3I.

From Fig. 4 of the drawings and the above destepson or the wiring, it s'readu seen'thatthe sole chan in themotorpower cii-euit; when the controller is moved from one cperaun posruonrjc the other, is thereversal of armature shanty with a conseduent'reversal of motor rotation and he eqr tilting mont when t e ccntr'oue'r s set for backtilting, current kow's in conductor I 2'! through the controller by finger I06, segments 93 and 9*I, and finger I03, through rever e tilt limit switch 16 andthence through solenoidcoil I' I I, thereby energizing it, and out I 2' 0 When coil III s energizes-it brings contact IIz-a ainst 3' re close the motor circuit. and contact I I4 gainst I I-B-arid II Ito close the brake 'solenoid coil circuit to release the more; brake; 'With the controller lield in backward tilt position the motor thenti sthe upright trains I2 until switch IBisopene "py its lug (inmate; thereby opening the back tilt control circuit topic-energize coil I I I, thereby al f lowing contact I I2" to be w t drawn from II a teopen the-'Inotorclrcuit, andalso to allow cont t I I4 tqn'iove away-from I I6 and I I1, thereby'open ing the" brake releasing circuit to de -energize brakesolenoid I5, and" hence to apply thernotor "Ijhe for'ward' tilt control action, b'rak n flaiie motor operation is similariex'cep't fortheabote mentioned reversal of armature polarity, as'lon'g as the clamp is below the ma'x'imum safe'heig'ht for 15fforward tilt. n that'case switch 19; being held closed by" the clamp carriage I5, bridges the 3 forward tilt switch I8, so that when switch 19' is'opene'd by'cu't-off rod '83, the forward tilt control circuit is notopened. Thus the forward tiltingcontinues, the controller being held in position for forward tilting, until 15 forward tilt limit switch I1 opens, thereby stopping the tilting just as the opening of switch 15 does. When the clamp is above the maximum safe height rcrextre'me forward tilting, the height switch ,l9' isno longer held closed, and theciir rent in" the 'forward' tilt' control circuit all" must pass through the 3 forward tilt'limit'switchto energize coil I I I. Hence, as soon' as a 3 forward tilt isf're'ached, switch 78* is' opened rod'83, thereby tie-energizing coil I'II to"stop' tilting" as when switches 10 01-11 areop'ened. 4

The" first result of thisarr'angement' is that the"'l5' forward tiltcan beobtained only "when therolliclamp isbelow alevel safe with'respect to;

t'riickstabilityabove'which only a maximum of 3 forward tilt can b'e has, and secondly, the in muiri'tilt' that may" be obtained for the" clamp pOSi tiOfi ata-g iilll height had merely holding thecontr oller 'IIl 'in forwar er" rearward tilt positionuntil tilting automatically stops. The exact values of tilt limits given above are matter-of design consideration for a particu lar truokand so also the motor and motor brake types and connections: I

I claim:

1. In a tilting lift frame type tier lift industrial truck having a motor to power the tilting mechanism, a motor operating circuit including a motor reversing controller and a solenoid operated motor circuit switch; a tilting control system comprising a backward tilt control circuit and a forward tilt control circuit, said back tilt control circuit including the solenoid of said motor circuit switch. a normally closed backward tilt limiting switch operable to open position by the tiltable frame and a back tilt control switch on said reversing controller, and said forward tilt control circuit including in series the solenoid of said motor switch, a normally closed forward tilt limit switch, a second normally closed forward tilt limit switch operable to open at a smaller angle of tilt than the first named forward tilt limit switch, and a forward tilt control switch'in said reversing controller, said forward tilt control circuit also including a cut-off switch in parallel with said second forward limit switch, said outoff switch being operable to open position when the load is above a safe height for extreme forward tilting.

cludingin series a back tilt control switch in said controller, a normally closed backward tilt limit switch and the solenoid of said 'motor switch; a forward tilt control circuit including a forward tilt control switch in said controller, a normally closed extreme forward tilt limit switch, a second normally closed forward tilt limit'switch operable to an open position at a smaller angle of tilt than the first named forward tilt limit switch, and the solenoid of said motor switch, said forward tilt control circuit including a cut-off switch in parallel with said second forward limit switch, said cut-01f switch being operable to open position when the load carriage of the truck is above a height safe for extreme forward tilting.

In a tilting control and operating system such as that described in claim 2, a control circuit for controlling a normally applied solenoidally released motor brake forthe tilting motor, said circuit includingthe solenoid of said brake and a brake switch in series therewith operated by the said motor switch solenoid.

'4.'In a tier lift industrial truck having a tiltable upright frame, a tilting control and operat ing system comprising an electric motor to power the tilting mechanism; a motor operating circuit; a controller mechanism for reversing the motor armature connections with respect'to the fieldv in the motor operating circuit to change the'direction of motor rotation for backward and forward tilting, said controller also serving to connect one side of the power input line to the motor operating circuit; a solenoid operated motor. switch in the-other side of the power inputline of the motor operating circuit, the solenoid of said switch being'connected to the line side'of said switch; a backward tilt control circuitincluding a back tilt control switch insaid controller, a normally closed backward tilt limit switch and the solenoid of said motor switch; a forward tilt control circuit including a forward tilt control switch insaid controller, a normally closed extreme forward tilt limit switch, asecond normally closed forward tilt limit switch operable in an open position at a smaller angle of tilt than the firstnamed forward tilt limit switch,=a cut-, off switch in parallel with said second forward limit switch, said cut-oflf'switch being operable to open: position when'the load carriagefof the truck is above a height'safe for extreme forward tilting, and the solenoid "or said motor switch; and mechanical means for operating said tilt limit switches, said means comprising an arm mounted on the pivot for thetiltable frame of said truck, said arm'movi'ng with said frame, a rod mounted adjacent said switches and linked to said arm to move therewith, and projecting lugs on, said rod, each of said lugs being positioned 'too'pen one of said switches at the desired angle of tilt. 1

5. In a tier lift industrial truck of the roll clamping and rotating type, having an electrical motor powered clamp rotating mechanism, a rotation control system comprising a manually operated controller switch having a contact arm, a contact for forward rotation, and a contact for reverse rotation; a solenoid operated contactor for operating the motor in a forward rotating direction and a solenoid operated contactor for operating the motor in a reverse direction, the

solenoids of said conta'ctors being in series relation, with 'theiricommon point connected'to one side of the power input lines; a normally closed forward rotation limitingswitch connecting the forward rotation contact of said controller and one side of the forward rotation solenoid; anormally closed reverse rotation'limiting'switch connecting the reverse rotation contact of said'controller and one side of the reverse rotation so1e' noid; and a cut-off switch connected to said con'- troller contact arm and to the second side of the power input lines, said cut-off switch being'held open mechanically 'by the clamp carriage when the clamp is below a height necessary for rotation clear of the truck supporting surface.

' ROBERT G. VANCE.

' a REFERENCES CITED I I The I following references are of girecjord the file; of this patent: l 1

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number I a a 7 Name" Date 1,538,168 Cochran 'May 19, 1925 1,855,068 Remde Apr. 19, 1 932 2072,74? Freese 'Mar.,2,1937 2,272,431- Rankin Feb. 10, 1942' 2,287,469 Cochran June23, 1942 2,307,544 Robinson Jan. 5; 1943'

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