US2532320A - Blanking and drawing press - Google Patents

Description

F. K. MAUssNEsT 2,532,320

BLANKING AND DRAWING PRESS 5 Shee'cs-Sheet 3 IN VEN ZUR. [QM/ia( @WW/w r 2x lllllllllllllllll Patented `Dec. 5, 1.950

OFFICE BLANKING AND DRAWING PRESS Frederick K. Maussnest, Queens Village, N. Y., assigner to Hedwig Maust, Queens Village, N. Y.

Application February 17, 1948, Serial No. 8,815

9 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to the class of machines generally lrnown as power presses which are commonly used for practically all operations which may be performed on work passed through the machine, such as for example blanking, drawing, stamping, embossing, die forming, plastic moulding, extrusion, etc. More particlarly, this invention relates to such presses of the double action type and with underdrive, where the drive-shaft is located in the base of the machine.

The principal object-fof the invention is the provision of a novel power press with underdrive having coactive rams or slides for combined blanking and drawing operations, said slides be ing actuated in timed relation one to the other during the operation of the machine. The upper ram or drawing slide is preferably connected to a lower cross-head by means of draw-rods and reciprocated by a drive-shaft of the crank or eccentric type, while the coactive lower ram or blanking slide may be connected to another lower cross-head by means of other draw-rods. The blanking slide is preferably reciprocated from the same drive-shaft as the drawing slide, either by a crank mechanism or by suitable cams, depending on the desired motion of said blanking slide and the timed relationship between said blanking slide and said drawing slide.

Another object is to provide adjustable means for maintaining the alignment between blanking slide and drawing slide.

A still other object of the invention is to provide an auxiliary ram movement, in addition to the reciprocating blanking and drawing slides, by so locating the lower cross-head which is connected to the blanking slide that it is available for such simultaneous auxiliary operations as embossing, calibrating, nattening the bottoms of drawn cups, or as a positive knockout or ejector.

Another object is to provide hollow draw-rods for connecting the blanking slide to its lower cross-head, the "other draw-rod which connect the drawing slide to its respective crosshead, being slidingly guided inside said hollow drawrods.

A further object is to provide the draw-rods for the drawing slide and/or the draw-rods for the i blanking slide with wear resisting sliding surscribed in detail. In the accompanying drawings I have shown certain characteristic embodiments of the invention, in which Fig. 1 shows a blanking and drawing press embodying the invention with the lower part of the press in cross-section along line IHI, Fig 2;

Fig. 2 is a right hand side View of the press depicted in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates in somewhat diagrammatic form a single blanlring and drawing die for maliing cups to demonstrate one particular type of work for which the press is intended;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section along line li-rl of Fig. 5 and shows a modification of the press shown in Fig. l with a crank actuated blanlring slide and with blanlzing slide and drawing slides slidingly guided on the frame of the press;

Fig. 5 depicts a cross section along line 5-5 of Fig. Ll;

Fig. 6 shows an auxiliary tool mounted on the blanlfzing cross-head.

Referring to Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, the machine comprises a main frame il which may be placed directly on a floor. A heavy cross-rib i2 of frame l I forms the press table on which the blanifiing die is usually supported. The drawingpunch is adapted to be carried by a generally square or rectangularly shaped upper ram or drawing slide i3, which is located above table or die-support I2 and operatively connected to a similarly shaped lower cross-head i4 by four cylindrical rods i5, which are shown to be of solid crosssection, but which may also be made of tubular cross-section to decrease their mass. The opposite ends of the rods l5 may be tied to the upper drawing slide i3 and lower cross-head I4 by means of nuts i5 and lock-nuts il.

The blanking punch may be carried by lower ram or blanking slide iii, which is located between drawing slide i3 and press bed i2 and operatively connected to a lower cross-head i9 by four hollow, cylindrical rods 2li whose opposite ends may be tied to the blanking slide i8 and lower cross-head E9 by means of nuts 2i. To diierentiate between the lower cross-heads. cross-head ill will be called drawing cross-head and cross-head i9 blanking cross-head. The blanking and drawing slides as well as the blanking and drawing cross-heads may also be reierred to generally as cross-head elements. The draw-rods l5 are slidingly guided inside the hollow drawrods 20.

Drawing slide i3, draw-rods I5, and drawing cross-head i4 form one frame structure which will be identified as drawing frame A. Blanking slide I8, tubular rods 2li, and blanliing cross-head i9 form another frame structure which may be called blanking frame B.

A crankshaft or eccentric shaft 22 is located between drawingl cross-head ill and blanking cross-head l. For convenience in assembly, the frame I I may be divided in a lower base I ib and a top i ia. Bolts 23 connect these two halves rigidly, and if good and suicient reasons do not require the identification of one particular half of the frame, it willl be simply reierred to as frame or main trame il. Crankshaft or drive-shaft 22 is journaled in main bearings 2@ and 25 in frame lI and carries a pitman 25 connected to drawing cross-head I by a suitable connection for reciprocating the drawing frame A, such as a leitand right hand screw 2 between pitman 2li, and pintype connection 28. lThis and similar adjustable pitman connections are common to machines of this general type and are useful in setting the dies.

Drive-shaft 22 carries also two identical, constant-diameter cams 29y for actuating the blanking frame B. The cam 29 rides between upper roller follower 3i? andv lower roller follower-A 3I1, one of which may be mounted on an eccentric pin (not shown) to take up anywear or lost motion. The upper ends of rods 33 of the cam yoke 3'2 are threaded into tapped holes of blah-king cross-head i9. Rollers Si?. and 3i are rotatably mounted in upper and lower cross-members @Li and 35;, respectively, which form a substantial and rigid structure in combination with rods- 33 for positive control or the blankin-g slide i8 on both the upward and downward strokes. The cam yokes 32 are guided in drawing cross-head I4 by rods t6, fast to, cam yokes 312A and resting on springs 3T for damping purposes.

It will be understood that the shape of the car-ns 2d may be changed to suit requirements. As a matter oi fact, the main reason forchoosing a cam drive for the blanking frame 'B is to be fcund in the Variety and combinations of mot-ions obtainable with such means. The shape of the cams shown, for instance, controls the blanking slide i8 inY such a way that a blanking operation may be performed before the dwell begins at the bottom position of the blankingframe B, which may be advantageously utilizedior holding the blank until the draw has been started as will appearlater. The blankingy frame B and the drawing frame A may be actuated by the cam and crank mechanisms, respectively, in any desired timed relaticnship, to adapt the press to different sequences of Qperations.

Drive-shaft 22 carries` a clutch ily-wheel 38 and a suitable brake 3 for bringing the press to a stop.y The pressy may be driven in any ordinary manner, such as by an electric motor and belt drive (not shown) on clutch ilywheel 33. The latter may be coupled with crankshaft 22 in any suitable manner and not specically shown herein, because these clutching means will be readily understood by those skilled in the art and are not necessary for a c lear understanding or the invention.

Figs. lj and 2v show the drawing frame A guided by means of draw-rods I5. These rods l5Y are nested inside of hollow rods 2d and may be slidingly guided thereon, as previously described. In addition, rods i5 are slid-ingly guided in bushing-s d held in pads 4I of frame li. The blanking frame B is similarly guided in cylindrical bushings l2 held in press bed I2. indirectly, but effectively, the blanking trame B is further maintained in alignment because ofl the guiding action experienced by rods i in bushings di?. Thc extreme accuracy which is expected of certain work contemplated on this type of press presupposes extremely precise guiding of the blanking and drawing slides and their perfect alignment with each other and with the press bed I2.

Because of the new principle of using hollow draw-rods for actuating one press slide and for guiding the draw-rods of a second coactive slide inside. these. hollow draw-reds an. extraordinarily dependable twinL guiding method has been created; i". e. the hollow rods 253 are guided in long cylindrical bushings ft2, which for all practical purposes form part of the rigid main frame II; in addition, the.A hollow rods 29 are in turn held in alignment by the solid rods I5, which may be guided` along substantially the entire length of the hollow rods 2t and also in the long cylindrical bushings, 4i); which for all practical purposes alsoy form part of the rigid main frame II.

In addition, the nesting of draw-rods I5 inside the tubular connecting means or nesting means 2i) permits a symmetrical, four point suspension of theA slides I3` and |18. on their respective. pe.- ripheries, preferably near their corners as shown, whereby the elastic. deformations or deections of these highly loaded members t3 and i8. are kept tol a minimum without sacrificing acces,- sibility to the tools and dies mounted on the slides and press bed. rhe slides. itt and I3, as well as their associated cross-heads lll: and ta aretherefore supported along their respective peripheries at intervals of less than degrees, considering the geometrical center o`f any one. of these. slides or cross-heads as the center of an imaginary refjerence circle normal to they longitudinal axesA of rods I and tubular or nesting means 29 respectively.

While cylindrical busliings have. been shown at lil and 42, adjustable split tapered bushings as shown in Fig. 4 Ca2!) may be. used instead.

To insure continuous high speed operation without undue wear of the sliding surfaces of rods I5 and 26], provisions for ample lubrication should be made and the construction materials selectedfcr these rods should possess appropriate properties, for instance, with respect to relative hardness. Thus a somewhat softer material may bev used for the outside draw-rods 2li than the inner rods i5; or the sliding surfaces ofthe. rods may be coated mechanically or electrically; with suitable bearing materials; or onev of the, contacting sliding surfaces may be chromium plated; or an actual bushing or bushings may be interposed between the telescopic rods; or a combination of these methods may be employedA A substantial spring 4,3 is placedbetween drawing cross-head t4 and the bottom of frame II for the purpose of counterbalancing the weight of the drawing frame A. rl-"he frame Il I` may be ptovided with a plurality of openings or windows as at 44 to permit access to the operating mechanism.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a` similardouble acting blanking andy drawing press. 'Similar parts have received identical numerals with a prime mark added, thereby simplifying the,l description,

The frame II is shown extended beyond the pressV table I2'l iorfurther supporting and guiding of drawing slide 1:3 and blarlkng Slide E3'. The latter is guided en` main frame IfI by means of long, adjustable V-type gibs. Slide I8.4v may be provided with corresponding V-shaped grooves llt adjacent to the corners thereof. Matching gibs 45 may be. held against side. movement between suitablevertical shoulders @il of frame I I. A. plurality of set-screws 4s, threaded in tapped 5 holes of frame II', abut the vertical gibs 45 for adjustment of the sliding clearance between the gibs 45 and blanking slide I6'. Lock-nuts 49 serve the purpose of maintaining set-screws 48 in their adjusted positions. Bolts 50, threaded into tapped holes of gibs 45, are adapted to draw the gibs up against set-screws 48. The gibs 45 rest at their lower ends on shoulders 5I of the main frame II'. The drawing slide I3 and the drawing cross-head I4 are guided in similar i fashion on the main frame II', and if required, the blanking cross-head I9 may also be further guided on the frame II as shown and described for slides I3', I8', and drawing cross-head I4', but the necessity for this will depend on the severity of the auxiliary operation which this blanking cross-head I9 is called upon to perform.

Instead of in plain cylindrical bushings, the hollow rods 26 are shown guided in the press bed I2 by means of split tapered bushings 42', threaded at their upper ends and adjustable by means of coacting threaded nuts I5 which rest on top of bed I2'.

The blanking frame B is shown reciprocated by a crank mechanism, similar to that for reciprocating the drawing frame A. The common drive-shaft 22 carries on spaced apart crank pins two pitmans 52 and 53 to the left and right,

respectively, of pitman 26'. These pitmans 52 and 53 are connected to blanking crosshead I9 by suitable connections for reciprocating the blanking frame B, such as left and right hand screws 54 and 55 between pitmans 52, 53 and pintype connections 56 and 5l, respectively. Thus,

the movements of blanking as well as drawing frames are controlled by crank mechanisms. While fixed stroke lengths have been shown for both crank mechanisms, these crank mechanisms may be provided with angularly shiftable eccentric means for changing their respective strokes as taught in my copending application Serial No. 8814, series of 1948, for an opposed reciprocating slide press, whereby the range of application and utility may be considerably extended. crankshaft may also carry angularly adjustable rotatable counterweights which are also illustrated and described in said copending application.

This type of press is specially suitable for the mass production of drawn articles such as primer caps, shallow boxes, covers, eyelets, bottle caps, etc. with single or multiple dies. While the press may be advantageously employed for many other types of punch press work and while individually fed blanks or slugs may be operated on, I have arbitrarily elected to describe the action of the press for the sake of explanation and illustration in connection with the blanking and drawing of cups from strip material. Strip or coil material is generally fed through the dies by means of automatic feeds, such as roll feeds, indicated diagrammatically in Fig. l at 58 and 59. Such roll feeds are well known in the art and are usually operated by an adjustable crank disc 6|] fastened to the crankshaft. A cam drive or a Scotch yoke quick-return motion may also be used when he angle through which the feeding can take place is small. The coiled stock or strip is fed in synchronism with the reciprocating movement of the press by intermittently driven rolls.

The location of the tools or dies is indicated in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows these tools for convenience to a larger scale. The combined blanking and drawing die 6| is fastened to die-shoe 62 mounted The on the press bed I2. The cutting edge is at 63: the drawing radius at 64. The work material or strip 65 is fed slightly above the blanking and drawing die 6I. Blanking punch 66 with spring loaded stripper 61 are mounted in die-shoe 65 fast to blanking slide I8. Blanking punch 66 has a concentric bore 69 to let drawing punch 10 pass therethrough. Drawing punch 'I9 is mounted in die-shoe 1I, suitably fastened to drawing slide I3. The mounting of the die-shoes may be effected in a number of different ways, bolts passing through or being threaded into tapped holes of the slides being common.

When the feeding cycle has been finished and the strip 65 is at rest, the spring loaded stripper 61 of the descending blanking slide I8 will hold the strip against the upper surface of blanking die 6I. As the blanking slide I8 descends farther, the blanking punch 66 will penetrate the strip and separate the blank l2 from the strip 65. This blank will drop into the position shown in Fig. 3 and rest on top of the drawing part of the die. The cams 29 will cause the blanking slide I8 to descend still further, until, at the bottom dead-center position of slide I8, the lower surface of the blanking punch 66 engages the blank I2 and will act as blank holder during part of the drawing process. The usefulness of the dwell imparted by the cams 29 to the blanking slide in lowest position will now be appreciated. Meanwhile, the drawing slide I3 with drawing punch 'ID has also descended and starts pushing the blank I2 over the drawing radius 64 and through the cylindrical part 'I3 of the drawing die, which is of substantially the same diameter as the desired outside diameter of the finished cup 14. The latter expands suflciently after having passed the lower edge of the cylindrical portion 'I3 to be stripped off the ascending draw ing punch 10. p i

The advantages of this method consist primarily in the simplicity of the punches and dies required and in the fact that the blanking and drawing operations are accomplished in one stroke of the press. If the rounded bottom of the finished cup I4 is desired to be flat, a suitable punch may be mounted on blanking cross-head I9 to perform this auxiliary operation. Embossing of the bottoms of cups may be effected in an analogous manner. In some types of drawing work, it is not desirable to use the push-throug method of drawing described above. It :may be preferable to eject the finished article upwards through the drawing die. For this purpose, the blanking cross-head I9 may supply the movement for a positive ejector or auxiliary tool such as indicated for example at 'I6 in Fig. 6. Still other punch press operations may require in addition to the movements provided in the press the use of air cushions, rubber or spring pads.

It is obvious that the machine may also be employedas a single acting press. Then either the drawing slide I3, or preferably the blanking slide I8 may carry the upper part of the tools, usually the punch, while the lower part of the tools, usually the female die, may be mounted on the press table I2.

Four gibs 45 have been shown for guiding the slides and cross-heads of the machine, but actual requirements may dictate the use of fewer or more gibs. While the gibbing arrangement shown is of the V-type, any other gibbing known in the art, such as square gibbing, flat V-gibbing, etc. may be employed. The novel mutual guiding principle for blanking frame and drawing framev ernnloyingz; telescoping draw-rods may bei employed; in,- oonibinationf withi suitable. guid: ngf; means, for' the; outside; draw-rodau suclrV asbushings.: i2 or 152.4 in Eigs.: IY and? 4;, o1 one or. moi-eroi;- the additional; guiding means show-ni or described; may.' be.- used ini addition. thereto; on guidev bushings.- @22. Fig.. 4,. may; be,` elimin'ated altogether, if.' at:- least; either the; draw-ing. slide I3! onthey blanking slide |81 is slidingly. guided abovefthepress; bedl l2.' ont.thei=.mainiframe; H." and-if atileast:- oneiofit'ne cross-heads lil? orf Iii. or the` draw-rods. I are guided: below the press bed I2.

Insteadi of actuating one slideby-rneans of cams and the other one by means of acrank;l mechanism (Figs.- 12 andIZ-)g both movements-may beiproduced oy-suitably arranged cams', justas bot-li movements -arejproducedlby means'ofl crankv mechanisms-in the modicationshown inFig; 4;

Therefore, I" doy not wishl to` beilinited to the particular constructions shown, which constructionsrnay; e. Varied within. the'scope' of this invention, and it' is myjintention to coverl hereby all' adaptations, modifications,V and variations thereof' which come under the practice of those skilled in the. particular art to which. the invention. relates.

HavingV thus` described my invention, what I claim ist,

1.1. Inapress ofithe character described, amain frameadrawing-,slidea..coactive blanking slide, apress bed, located below both said slides and forming part, of: saidA mainframe, a blanking cross-head, located underneath said press bed, tubular` means for connecting. said. blanking cross-head. and. said. blanking. slide.; a drawing cross-head positionedbelow. saidblanking crosshead;` cylindrical drawrrods-for. connecting said drawing cross-head and said drawing slide, said cylindrical. draw-rrods .being guided-in said tubular.r connectingi means; common. driving means located: between said blanking and. saiddrawing cross-headsf-for reciprocating said blanklng slide.- andz said.- drawing slide inpredetermined timed relation. to onev another,V adjustable guiding, means associatedwth said main framer and in.. sliding eng-agementwith said-blanking slide toA maintain. alignment between said press bed andysaid bla-nking slide.

as described in. claim l, including other adjustable; guiding. means-associated with sai... mainframe and injsliding-engagement with said dra-wingslide..

3.` A p ressaas-described in claim; l, including adjustable guiding inea-ns associated with4 ie press bedto slidingly-guide--said tubular connect: ing means..-

fi; Infa press, main;iiame, a, drawing: slide, a coactiVe-'blankingslide; aspressjbed located below: said slides and formingpart-of said main frame; a blank-ingv crossfhead loca-tedV underneatn said pressbed tubulart means .for connect;- ing--saidfblanlring crosseheadi and said blank-ing slides: drawing crossvheady positioned below saidil blajnlring crosse-head; cylindrical: draw-'rods for connecting said drawing cross-headiandsaid drawing slide, said' cylindrical draw-rods being guided in. said` tubular connecting means; a common drivesnalt 'located'.` between: said b f nk.,- ing.1 and.' saiddrawing. cross-heads.; said CL- e sha-ftY carrying aconstant-diameter cam -mechanism for actuating said blanlsing slide and a crankmecbanismfor actuating said' drawing Slider.

5. In ai; press, a. main framaa drawing` slide.; a; coactive blanking slide,- a press bed. located; below said slides and. forming part of said main. frame, a; blanking cross-head located under-.-

- neathnsaid press-bed, tubular meansior` connecting said blanking cross-headA and saidblanking: slide-g a. drawing cross-head positioned; belowsaid blanking cross-head, cylindrical draw-rodsfor' connecting said drawing cross-head and said; drawing slide, said cylindrical. draw-rods being guided-in said tubular, connecting means; acommon drive shaft located between said: blanlring` and said drawing cross-heads; saiddrive shaft carrying separate crank mechanismsfor. actuating said blanking, slide and-said draw-r ing. slidein timed relation.

6. In a` Dressr with underdrive; ai. main frame including a press bed; a blanking frame comprisingg a` slide above anda cross-head below said-press bed, respectively, andzfincluding hollow connecting means between said slideand said cross-head; a drawing; frame comprising aseoond 'slide` above said). nist-mentioned slide, a: second cross-head below said first-mentioned crossehea'd, and auxiliary connecting means between: saidr second slide' and second cross-head;l the auxiliaiwl connecting means 01-` said drawingf fraineibeing nested and telescopically guided in, said hollow, connecting; means.- of said blankf ing frame; and'auxiliary guiding means for-keeping said' blanlring. frame, said'- drawing frame, and saldi press bed in; mutual. alignment.

7; Inv a double. acting press: with under-drive,- a. main'. frame having a press. bed;4 a blanking. slide. above said press bed, a: blanliin'i. cross-head belowsaid press bed, a1 hollow connecting-means between: said blankingz slide and; said blanking crossehead, a drawing slide abovefsaidblanking slide, aidrawingcross-head below said blanking orossehead, draw-rods: for connecting: said drawing-slide and said?drawin cross-head; said drawfrods being-f so positioned with respect to said` hollow connecting; means. as to pass therethrough totobt'ainv a high: degree of' accessibility tor said pressbed, driving mechanism dispoem. between. said blanking cross-head, and said draw-ing cro'ss-liead; for. operating bothi said slides andtiieir associated cross-headsin timed relation.

8. In a'. punchl press, a drawing slide; a coactivey blankin'g slide: diefsupporting. means. locatesl below both said slides,.a; blanling cross:- head' underneath said-I die-'supporting means, tabulan4 means for operably. connectingY said blanking-gslide andi-saidblankine cross-head; said tabular means being spaced along .the peripheries ofsaid.- blanlingi. slide and said: blanliing; cross, head?foratheirrsupport.at intervals ofless than lildegrees; La' drawing cross-head. located underneath.. saidiblanking; cross-head, meansiorv operabl-y.. connecting saidl drawing slide and' said dra-wing' crossfhead; said tabular means being adapted. to. telescopically-4 guide said4 connecting means; and'-conlmoirdrivingmieans for reciprocating said blanking: slide and. said drawing; slide in;l timedzrelation relative. to said die-supporting means.

Inria mechanism-.ofi the character described, die-supporting means, a first pair of..` cross-head elements in spacedv apart relation and positioned to one. side of` said die-supporting means, a seconds'. pair of; cross-head. elements. in spaced apa-rtarelationv and positionedon' theother side of saiddie-supporting=.means, afplurali'ty ofltubular: means for` comm/ting` one f cross-head element of said rst pair and one cross-head element of said second pair, said tubular means being spaced along the peripheries of said crosshead elements to connect the latter at intervals of less than 180 degrees, auxiliary connecting means for connecting the remaining cross--headl element of said first pair to the remaining crosshead element of said second pair, said auxiliary connecting means being so positioned with re` spect to said tubular connecting means as to 10 nest therein and as to be guided thereby, and a common driving mechanism disposed between the cross-head elements of said second pair for reciprocating said two pairs of cross-head elements in timed relation relative to said die- 15 supporting means.

FREDERICK K. MAUSSNEST.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,037,844 Adriance Sept. 10, 1912 1,295,189 Morgan Feb. 25, 1919 1,444,650 Allen Feb. 6, 1923 1,600,961 Bayne Sept. 21, 1926 1,685,308 Berry e s- Sept. 25, 1928 ,A 1,801,024 `Schloz ..1 Apr. 14, 1931 2,085,799 Gla-snor July 6, 1937 2,152,813 Moore Apr. 4, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS `Number Country Date 125,808 Great Britain of 1919

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