US2528049A - Acoustic panel - Google Patents

Acoustic panel Download PDF

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US2528049A
US2528049A US32405A US3240548A US2528049A US 2528049 A US2528049 A US 2528049A US 32405 A US32405 A US 32405A US 3240548 A US3240548 A US 3240548A US 2528049 A US2528049 A US 2528049A
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panel
acoustic panel
acoustic
sound
webs
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Expired - Lifetime
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US32405A
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Gonda Desire
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Holoplast Ltd
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Holoplast Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/8485—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element the opening being restricted, e.g. forming Helmoltz resonators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24182—Inward from edge of web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24744—Longitudinal or transverse tubular cavity or cell

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to acoustic materials and, more particularly, to sound absorbing and sound insulating panel-like structures.
  • Structures of this type may be divided primarily into two groups.
  • the first group consists of panel-like structures of compacted fibers with small channels extending from the top to the bottom side of such panels.
  • Panels of the second group are made up in the form of flat, open metal boxes with a perforated bottom, and filled with sound absorbing material.
  • the material of the above mentioned first group has the additional drawback that a relatively large area of compacted fibers is directly exposed to dust, smoke, etc., and that in view of the. small crevices between the fibers it is extremely diflicult, if not impossible, properly to clean the material involved.
  • Panels of the second group are, furthermore. disadvantageous inasmuch as they are subject to rust and corrosion.
  • a still further object of this invention consists in the provision of an acoustic panel which is highly load-sustaining and thus does not require any ceiling or wall to which it has to be fastened, but will itselfiorm the desired ceiling or wall.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the panel according to the present invention, with one portion broken away to show some details;
  • Figure 2 illustrates on a scale somewhat larger than that used in Figure 1, a step in the manuiacture of the panel according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 represents a section along the line 3-4 of Figure 1, however, on a larger scale, and represents a view of this section as it would appear when observed through a microscope.
  • the acoustic panel as illustrated in Figure 1 consists of a practically completely homogeneous and integral structure, comprising a top plate or flange I and a bottom plate or flange 2, and a plurality of webs 3 extending transverse to the major surfaces of the plates or flanges I and 2. These webs 3 are completely fused to the top and bottom plates or flanges I and 2 so as to form a rigid, integral, and homogeneous structure therewith.
  • the acoustic panel according to the present invention has one side thereof, namely the plate or flange I, provided with a plurality of bores 5 passing through the plate or flange I. While these bores B may be of any suitable size, highly favorable results have been obtained with bores having a diameter of A; or a; of an inch, and a distance of /2" from center to center of adjacent bores.
  • the panel is so mounted in the room to be provided therewith that that flange which contains the bores 5 is exposed to the sound waves to be absorbed.
  • the channels formed between the webs 3 and the top and bottom plates or flanges I and 2 may be filled with any sound absorbing material, as for instance slag wool, mineral wool, asbestos fibers, kapok, etc.
  • An acoustic panel according to the present invention is highly load sustaining, while its weight is relatively low.
  • an 8' x 4' panel having a standard thickness of 1"
  • the webs and flanges of the panel of approximately in thickness and the webs running in the 8' direction at 2" centers
  • has an approximate weight of 64 lbs. which would mean'approximately 2 lbs. per sq. loot.
  • such a panel has a compression strength of 8.8
  • the panel according to the present invention has its cavities empty, the panel will have a sound reduction factor of 22 decibels. when the cavities of the panel are filled with kapok enclosed in scrim cloth, a sound absorption coefficient of 0.90 at 1,000 cycles per second can be obtained.
  • the cavities of the panel may be filled with ordinary sand or other suitable fillers.
  • the panel according to the present invention can be screwed, or similarly fastened, and will not splinter.
  • the panel as illustrated in the drawings is made up of thermo-setting resin impregnated fibrous sheet material, such as craft paper.
  • resins are, for instance, phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, or cresol-formaldehyde.
  • thermosetting resin impregnated fibrous sheets 2a, 2b and 2c are superimposed upon each other, whereupon channel-like elements, generally designated 4, are placed upon the sheet 20 with the sides of these channel members in side-to-side relationship.
  • Each channel 4 is formed by thermosetting resin impregnated fibrous strips of sheet material, such as craft paper, wound into a plurality of convolutions.
  • thermosetting resin impregnated fibrous strips of sheet material such as craft paper
  • a plurality of thermo-setting resin impregnated sheets of fibrous material, such as paper are placed on top of the channel members. These sheets are indicated by reference numerals la, lb, and lo. Mandrels are then inserted into the channel members, whereupon the.
  • the mandrels are then withdrawn from the channel members and the panel may now be finished by providing one flange thereof with the bores I.
  • the acoustic panel may then be mounted or used as ceiling or wall in any desired and suitable manner, with or without filling in the cavities between the webs and the top and bottom flanges.
  • one or both flanges may be sprayed with a paint so as to adapt the color oi the panel to its surroundings, or to produce the desired decorative effect.
  • the panel is practically moisture-proof and can be washed without dimculty, so that it can be kept clean at all times.
  • the material from which the panel is made does not support combustion, so that it greatly contributes to the fire-resistance of the room of which it forms a part.
  • the material from which the panel according to the present invention has been built up is impervious to vermin, white ants, and termite attack, and is also unaffected by extreme climatic changes.
  • a sound absorbing structural panel capable of supporting substantial loads and comprising in combination, a pair of spaced parallel rigid plates of thermoset resin impregnated and laminated sheets, a plurality of spaced parallel rigid webs interposed between and integrally formed with both of said plates and also comprising thermoset resin impregnated and laminated sheets, said webs forming with portions of each of said plates a series of side-by-side uninterrupted elongated channels, one of said plates being provided with numerous sound admitting apertures at spaced points over its area and extending therethrough, and a filling of sound absorbing material in each of said channels.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

6a. 31, 1950 NDA 2,528,049
ACOUSTIC PANEL Filed June 11, 1948 INVENTOR DESIRE GONDA ByU Z ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 31, 1950 u urrso s'rAras PATENT OFFICE ACOUSTIC PANEL Desir Gonda, Sittingbourne, England, assignor to Holoplast Limited, New Hythe, near Maidstone, Kent, England, a British corporation Application June 11, 1948, Serial No. 32,405
1 Claim. (Cl. 154-45) The present invention relates to acoustic materials and, more particularly, to sound absorbing and sound insulating panel-like structures.
This application is a continuation-in-part application of my co-pending applications, Serial Nos. 579,429 and 687,809, filed on February 23, 1945 and August 2, 1946, respectively, of which application Serial No. 579,429 has matured into Patent Serial No. 2,445,290, while application Serial No. 687,809 has been abandoned.
Structures of this type, as heretofore known, may be divided primarily into two groups. The first group consists of panel-like structures of compacted fibers with small channels extending from the top to the bottom side of such panels. Panels of the second group are made up in the form of flat, open metal boxes with a perforated bottom, and filled with sound absorbing material.
The main drawback of these known acoustic structures consists in that they can be used only in connection with existing walls and ceilings to which they must be fastened since they are not in themselves load sustaining. A further disadvantage of these structures, immediately following from the drawback just outlined, consists in that they reduce the height and width of the room in which they are mounted.
The material of the above mentioned first group has the additional drawback that a relatively large area of compacted fibers is directly exposed to dust, smoke, etc., and that in view of the. small crevices between the fibers it is extremely diflicult, if not impossible, properly to clean the material involved. Panels of the second group are, furthermore. disadvantageous inasmuch as they are subject to rust and corrosion.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide an acoustic panel which will overcome the above mentioned drawbacks.
It is another object of this invention to provide an acoustic panel which can easily be washed, which will be rust-proof, and can be mounted easily and quickly.
A still further object of this invention consists in the provision of an acoustic panel which is highly load-sustaining and thus does not require any ceiling or wall to which it has to be fastened, but will itselfiorm the desired ceiling or wall.
It is also an object of this invention to provide an acoustic panel according to the preceding paragraphs, which has high acoustic qualities, can easily be mass produced in large sizes, such as 8' x 4' and larger, and can be coated, for instance by spraying, without previous special treatment.
2 These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the panel according to the present invention, with one portion broken away to show some details;
Figure 2 illustrates on a scale somewhat larger than that used in Figure 1, a step in the manuiacture of the panel according to the present invention;
Figure 3 represents a section along the line 3-4 of Figure 1, however, on a larger scale, and represents a view of this section as it would appear when observed through a microscope.
Referring nowjtothe drawings in detail, the acoustic panel as illustrated in Figure 1 consists of a practically completely homogeneous and integral structure, comprising a top plate or flange I and a bottom plate or flange 2, and a plurality of webs 3 extending transverse to the major surfaces of the plates or flanges I and 2. These webs 3 are completely fused to the top and bottom plates or flanges I and 2 so as to form a rigid, integral, and homogeneous structure therewith.
As will be clear from Figure 1, the acoustic panel according to the present invention has one side thereof, namely the plate or flange I, provided with a plurality of bores 5 passing through the plate or flange I. While these bores B may be of any suitable size, highly favorable results have been obtained with bores having a diameter of A; or a; of an inch, and a distance of /2" from center to center of adjacent bores. The panel is so mounted in the room to be provided therewith that that flange which contains the bores 5 is exposed to the sound waves to be absorbed.
The channels formed between the webs 3 and the top and bottom plates or flanges I and 2 may be filled with any sound absorbing material, as for instance slag wool, mineral wool, asbestos fibers, kapok, etc.
An acoustic panel according to the present invention is highly load sustaining, while its weight is relatively low. Thus, for instance, an 8' x 4' panel, having a standard thickness of 1", with the webs and flanges of the panel of approximately in thickness and the webs running in the 8' direction at 2" centers, has an approximate weight of 64 lbs., which would mean'approximately 2 lbs. per sq. loot. Furthermore, such a panel has a compression strength of 8.8
tons per sq. inch, and fiexural rigidity 01' 1,210,000 lbs. per sq. inch.
It should be noted that if the panel according to the present invention has its cavities empty, the panel will have a sound reduction factor of 22 decibels. when the cavities of the panel are filled with kapok enclosed in scrim cloth, a sound absorption coefficient of 0.90 at 1,000 cycles per second can be obtained.
When the acoustic panel structure according to the present invention is intended for sound insulation partitioning, the cavities of the panel may be filled with ordinary sand or other suitable fillers. On the other hand, in case of desired sound reduction, by using two panels, sound reduction equivalent to a 13" brick wall .can be obtained. The panel according to the present invention can be screwed, or similarly fastened, and will not splinter.
The panel as illustrated in the drawings is made up of thermo-setting resin impregnated fibrous sheet material, such as craft paper. Such resins are, for instance, phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, or cresol-formaldehyde.
As illustrated in Figure 2, a plurality of thermosetting resin impregnated fibrous sheets 2a, 2b and 2c are superimposed upon each other, whereupon channel-like elements, generally designated 4, are placed upon the sheet 20 with the sides of these channel members in side-to-side relationship. Each channel 4 is formed by thermosetting resin impregnated fibrous strips of sheet material, such as craft paper, wound into a plurality of convolutions. When these channel members have been properly assembled, a plurality of thermo-setting resin impregnated sheets of fibrous material, such as paper, are placed on top of the channel members. These sheets are indicated by reference numerals la, lb, and lo. Mandrels are then inserted into the channel members, whereupon the. entire assembly is subjected to heat and pressure of approximately 1500 lbs. per sq. inch acting on the top and bottom sheets in the direction of the arrows A and B, and also acting in the direction of the arrows C and D. As a result of this heat and pressure treatment, the resin in the fibrous material fiows and sets, and all sheets fuse to the adjacent sheets while being compressed in the direction of their thicknesses. This compression is clearly visible in Figure 3, which also indicates how the fibers of the fibrous material become.
interlocked so that the entire structure forms a homogeneous, integral, and densified unit. The mandrels are then withdrawn from the channel members and the panel may now be finished by providing one flange thereof with the bores I. The acoustic panel may then be mounted or used as ceiling or wall in any desired and suitable manner, with or without filling in the cavities between the webs and the top and bottom flanges.
If desired, one or both flanges may be sprayed with a paint so as to adapt the color oi the panel to its surroundings, or to produce the desired decorative effect. The panel is practically moisture-proof and can be washed without dimculty, so that it can be kept clean at all times. The material from which the panel is made does not support combustion, so that it greatly contributes to the fire-resistance of the room of which it forms a part. Furthermore, the material from which the panel according to the present invention has been built up is impervious to vermin, white ants, and termite attack, and is also unaffected by extreme climatic changes.
It will, or course, be understood that the present invention is by no means limited to the specific example shown in the drawings, but also comprises any modification within the scope of the appended claim.
I claim:
A sound absorbing structural panel capable of supporting substantial loads and comprising in combination, a pair of spaced parallel rigid plates of thermoset resin impregnated and laminated sheets, a plurality of spaced parallel rigid webs interposed between and integrally formed with both of said plates and also comprising thermoset resin impregnated and laminated sheets, said webs forming with portions of each of said plates a series of side-by-side uninterrupted elongated channels, one of said plates being provided with numerous sound admitting apertures at spaced points over its area and extending therethrough, and a filling of sound absorbing material in each of said channels.
DESIRE GONDA.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759554A (en) * 1952-08-04 1956-08-21 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic absorber
US2897551A (en) * 1957-01-15 1959-08-04 Fenestra Inc Sound absorbing structure
US2966954A (en) * 1957-07-11 1961-01-03 Celotex Corp Acoustical correction element
US3307312A (en) * 1963-10-31 1967-03-07 Kreibaum Otto Self-supporting light constructional elements for ceilings, roofs and walls
US3449482A (en) * 1964-10-23 1969-06-10 Union Carbide Corp Method for forming molded ribbed panels
US4083159A (en) * 1973-10-29 1978-04-11 Hitco Structural sound absorbing panel for underwater use and methods of making same
US4177306A (en) * 1976-05-19 1979-12-04 Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Laminated sectional girder of fiber-reinforced materials
US5212355A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-18 Hollanding Inc. Sound absorptive file cabinet door
US5419093A (en) * 1993-08-25 1995-05-30 Wei; Shih C. Versatile aluminum alloy molding block structure
WO2008154215A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Bonnie Schnitta Architectural acoustic device
EP2039841A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-25 VS Vereinigte Spezialmöbelfabriken GmbH & Co. KG Cupboard or shelf furniture
US20100024334A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Thomas Spencer Stanhope Wood board incorporating embedded sound attenuating elements and stiffening elements
US20110244178A1 (en) * 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 General Electric Company Insulation structure for resistor grids
WO2015048054A1 (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-02 Preston Wilson Underwater noise abatement panel and resonator structure
US9410403B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2016-08-09 Adbm Corp. Underwater noise reduction system using open-ended resonator assembly and deployment apparatus
US10173248B2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2019-01-08 The Boeing Company Acoustic panel cleaning
US11812221B2 (en) 2020-01-21 2023-11-07 Adbm Corp. System and method for simultaneously attenuating high-frequency sounds and amplifying low-frequency sounds produced by underwater acoustic pressure source

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1660745A (en) * 1926-06-30 1928-02-28 Ada Wallace Delaney Acoustic building material
GB450524A (en) * 1934-10-15 1935-04-23 Andre Abel Auguste Brugier Improvements in or relating to heat-insulating panels
US2363068A (en) * 1944-05-04 1944-11-21 Burgess Manning Co Sound barrier wall or door construction
US2445290A (en) * 1940-12-24 1948-07-13 Holoplast Ltd Hollow cavitied bodies such as rigid hollow panel structures and method of making the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1660745A (en) * 1926-06-30 1928-02-28 Ada Wallace Delaney Acoustic building material
GB450524A (en) * 1934-10-15 1935-04-23 Andre Abel Auguste Brugier Improvements in or relating to heat-insulating panels
US2445290A (en) * 1940-12-24 1948-07-13 Holoplast Ltd Hollow cavitied bodies such as rigid hollow panel structures and method of making the same
US2363068A (en) * 1944-05-04 1944-11-21 Burgess Manning Co Sound barrier wall or door construction

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759554A (en) * 1952-08-04 1956-08-21 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic absorber
US2897551A (en) * 1957-01-15 1959-08-04 Fenestra Inc Sound absorbing structure
US2966954A (en) * 1957-07-11 1961-01-03 Celotex Corp Acoustical correction element
US3307312A (en) * 1963-10-31 1967-03-07 Kreibaum Otto Self-supporting light constructional elements for ceilings, roofs and walls
US3449482A (en) * 1964-10-23 1969-06-10 Union Carbide Corp Method for forming molded ribbed panels
US4083159A (en) * 1973-10-29 1978-04-11 Hitco Structural sound absorbing panel for underwater use and methods of making same
US4177306A (en) * 1976-05-19 1979-12-04 Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Laminated sectional girder of fiber-reinforced materials
US5212355A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-18 Hollanding Inc. Sound absorptive file cabinet door
US5419093A (en) * 1993-08-25 1995-05-30 Wei; Shih C. Versatile aluminum alloy molding block structure
WO2008154215A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Bonnie Schnitta Architectural acoustic device
US20090000864A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2009-01-01 Bonnie Schnitta Architectural acoustic device
US8136630B2 (en) 2007-06-11 2012-03-20 Bonnie Schnitta Architectural acoustic device
EP2039841A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-25 VS Vereinigte Spezialmöbelfabriken GmbH & Co. KG Cupboard or shelf furniture
US20090079307A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Vs Vereinigte Spezialmobelfabriken Gmbh & Co. Kg Cabinet or Shelving Furniture
US20110179632A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2011-07-28 Thomas Spencer Stanhope Method of forming a wood board incorporating embedded sound attenuating elements and stiffening elements
US20100024334A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Thomas Spencer Stanhope Wood board incorporating embedded sound attenuating elements and stiffening elements
US8347573B2 (en) * 2008-07-31 2013-01-08 Thomas Spencer Stanhope Wood board incorporating embedded sound attenuating elements and stiffening elements
US8769912B2 (en) * 2008-07-31 2014-07-08 Thomas Spencer Stanhope Method of forming a wood board incorporating embedded sound attenuating elements and stiffening elements
US20110244178A1 (en) * 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 General Electric Company Insulation structure for resistor grids
US8202606B2 (en) * 2010-04-01 2012-06-19 General Electric Company Insulation structure for resistor grids
US8409692B2 (en) 2010-04-01 2013-04-02 General Electric Company Insulation structure for resistor grids
WO2015048054A1 (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-02 Preston Wilson Underwater noise abatement panel and resonator structure
US9343059B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2016-05-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Underwater noise abatement panel and resonator structure
US9607601B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2017-03-28 Board of Regents, The Univesity Systems Underwater noise abatement panel and resonator structure
US9410403B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2016-08-09 Adbm Corp. Underwater noise reduction system using open-ended resonator assembly and deployment apparatus
US10173248B2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2019-01-08 The Boeing Company Acoustic panel cleaning
US10625309B2 (en) 2017-03-17 2020-04-21 The Boeing Company Acoustic panel cleaning
US11812221B2 (en) 2020-01-21 2023-11-07 Adbm Corp. System and method for simultaneously attenuating high-frequency sounds and amplifying low-frequency sounds produced by underwater acoustic pressure source

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