US2501072A - Antenna housing - Google Patents
Antenna housing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2501072A US2501072A US613604A US61360445A US2501072A US 2501072 A US2501072 A US 2501072A US 613604 A US613604 A US 613604A US 61360445 A US61360445 A US 61360445A US 2501072 A US2501072 A US 2501072A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- housing
- skin
- substance
- shell
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/282—Modifying the aerodynamic properties of the vehicle, e.g. projecting type aerials
- H01Q1/283—Blade, stub antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/09—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens wherein the primary active element is coated with or embedded in a dielectric or magnetic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to housings and more particularly to housings for electromagnetic energy radiating devices.
- This skin material is chosen chieiiy for its mechanical qualities. It would be possible to construct the housing entirely of this substance; however it has been found that the radiation pattern of the antenna would suffer by reason of the unsatisfactory electrical characteristics of the material.
- a compromise is made by making skin 5 thick enough to be reasonably rigid and thin enough so that the electrical pattern of the radiated energy is relatively undisturbed.
- To strengthen the housing further it is filled with a low-density material 6 which is inferior to the substance of which shell 5 is composed in strength, but
- Another object is to provide a streamlined A hole 1 is drilled into the filler material to antenna housing for use in arapidly moving fluid receive an antenna and may be lined with a medium.
- Still another object is to provide an antenna made. Due to the streamlined shape of the housing which will permit the radiation pattern housing, energy emitted from the antenna will of the antenna to be relatively undisturbed. encounter vdifferent thicknesses of solid material
- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the housing shown in Fig. 1.
- the antenna housing shown and described hereinafter is especially adapted for use with airborne, extremely high frequency radio apparatus, although the general scope of the invention is not necessarily limited to such an application.
- the rst is the mechanical strength of the material used, in order that the housing may perform its protective function, and the second is the electrical characteristic of the material, in order that the radiation pattern of the radiator will i not be impaired.
- a shell, or skin, 5 of an at least partially wave-transparent material is formed into a desired shape, which in this case is that of a tube with a streamlined cross-section.
- impedance presented to the radiant energy is closely related to the thickness of dielectric substance through which it must pass, it can be seen that the radiation pattern of the antenna will be adversely altered.
- holes or cavities IU, II, I2, I3, I4. I5, I6, and I'I are bored into the filler material in such a fashion as to substantially equalize the thickness of dielectric material in every direction radial to the antenna.
- Plugs 20. 2I, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 2! are inserted into the equalizing holes at certain noncritical points such as the center and the open endl as determined by the standing wave pattern on the antenna itself, in order to strengthen the structure. Finally, a retaining plug 30 is inserted into the end rof the housing in order to hold the ller material firmly in place.
- a material suitable for skin 5 is a laminate of Fiberglas with a stvrene copolymer and the ller material may be satisfactorily composed of low density Hycar OR, which is a compound of synthetic rubber and other substances. Any suitable means may be provided for securing the housing to the article intended to support and couple it.
- a housing structure for an electromagnetic energy radiator comprising, a relatively thin shell of partially wave-transparent material and of quasi-streamlined transverse contour uniformly distributed throughout its longitudinal axis, a solid substance filling said shell and of relatively low density but relatively superior dielectrically to said material and permeated with holes therein in predetermined directions, areas and lengths to equalize their inherent dielectric effects in designated radial directions, one of said holes being sized and situated in said substance for the placement of an antenna therein, said holes and substance being arranged about said antenna as to provide a substantial equalization of the attenuation by the radiant energy emitted from said antenna through said structure.
- a housing structure ⁇ for an electromagnetic energy radiator comprising, a relatively thin shell of substantially wave-transparent material and of quasi-streamlined transverse contour uniformly distributed throughout its longitudinal axis, a substance filling said shell and of relatively low density and thickly deposited in said shell but relatively superior dielectrically as compared with said shell, said substance being permeated with parallel cavities therein in predetermined directions to equalize the inherent dielectric resistivity in designated radial directions, one of said cavities being situated among said other cavities in said substance for the longitudinal placement of an antenna therein, said cavities and substance being arranged to provide a substantial equalization of the attenuation by the radiant energy emitted from said antenna through said structure and means for closing the open portions of said cavities.
- a housing for an antenna comprising a tubular skin or relatively thin dielectric material, and a filler of dielectric material within said skin and surrounding said antenna, said skin being asymmetrically disposed relative to said antenna and said skin having greater structural strength than said ller and said filler having better dielectric characteristics than said skin, and said filler being pierced by holes so disposed and shaped that the eiective thickness of the filler in every radial direction from the antenna is substantially the same, whereby the radiation pattern of the antenna is substantially undistorted by the asymmetrical eonguration of the housing.
Description
March 21 1950 E. B.y MGMILLAN ETAI. 2,501,072
` ANTENNA HOUSING Filed Aug. so, 1945 ARD B. M BY EDW HENRY RIBLET ATTORNEY w Patented Mar. 21, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANTENNA HDUSING Edward B. McMillan, Boston, and Henry J. Riblet, Cambridge, Mass., assgnors, by mesne assignments, to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of War Application August 30, 1945, Serial No. 613,604
3 Claims. (Cl. Z50-33) The present invention relates to housings and more particularly to housings for electromagnetic energy radiating devices.
In many applications of radio aparatus it is desirable to enclose that portion of the apparatus which serves to radiate energy into space in order to protect it from the eiects of weather, rough handling or accidental blows, wind or other fluid pressures, and the like. The practicality of and necessity for such a housing increases as the wavelength of the transmitted energy decreases since an extremely high frequency transmitter will usually require a small, delicate antenna.
Accordingly, it is one object of this invention This skin material is chosen chieiiy for its mechanical qualities. It would be possible to construct the housing entirely of this substance; however it has been found that the radiation pattern of the antenna would suffer by reason of the unsatisfactory electrical characteristics of the material.
A compromise is made by making skin 5 thick enough to be reasonably rigid and thin enough so that the electrical pattern of the radiated energy is relatively undisturbed. To strengthen the housing further it is filled with a low-density material 6 which is inferior to the substance of which shell 5 is composed in strength, but
to provide a housing for radio antennas. l5 superior to it in dielectric characteristics.
Another object is to provide a streamlined A hole 1 is drilled into the filler material to antenna housing for use in arapidly moving fluid receive an antenna and may be lined with a medium. sheet 8 of the same material of which skin 5 is Still another object is to provide an antenna made. Due to the streamlined shape of the housing which will permit the radiation pattern housing, energy emitted from the antenna will of the antenna to be relatively undisturbed. encounter vdifferent thicknesses of solid material An additional object of the present invention depending upon the radial direction in which it is to provide a new and mproved antenna housing is propagated. This can be seen more clearly in that will have provision for balancing its elec- Fig. 2 in which a transverse section of the houstrical characteristics in various directions to suit ing of Fig. 1 taken along the line '2-2 is shown. the radiation pattern of the antenna. Clearly, radiation toward the blunt and wide These and further objects of the invention will front edge of the housing will pass through less be apparent to those skilled in the art upon referthickness of dielectric material than radiation ence to the following specification, claims, and toward the tapered rear, and radiation toward to the drawings in which: the sides will encounter even less. Since the Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the housing shown in Fig. 1.
Similar reference numerals pertain to the same parts throughout the drawings.
The antenna housing shown and described hereinafter is especially adapted for use with airborne, extremely high frequency radio apparatus, although the general scope of the invention is not necessarily limited to such an application.
Two considerations are paramount in the design and construction of van enclosure for any type of electromagnetic energy radiator. The rst is the mechanical strength of the material used, in order that the housing may perform its protective function, and the second is the electrical characteristic of the material, in order that the radiation pattern of the radiator will i not be impaired.
Referring now to Fig. 1, a shell, or skin, 5 of an at least partially wave-transparent material .is formed into a desired shape, which in this case is that of a tube with a streamlined cross-section.
impedance presented to the radiant energy is closely related to the thickness of dielectric substance through which it must pass, it can be seen that the radiation pattern of the antenna will be adversely altered.
Therefore holes or cavities IU, II, I2, I3, I4. I5, I6, and I'I are bored into the filler material in such a fashion as to substantially equalize the thickness of dielectric material in every direction radial to the antenna.
In practice, it has been found that a material suitable for skin 5 is a laminate of Fiberglas with a stvrene copolymer and the ller material may be satisfactorily composed of low density Hycar OR, which is a compound of synthetic rubber and other substances. Any suitable means may be provided for securing the housing to the article intended to support and couple it.
It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the full scope of the invention is not necessarily defined precisely by the details of the embodiment described hereinabove, but departures may be made therefrom Without exercise of inventive ingenuity. Hence, all such modifications and adaptations are claimed as may fall fairly within the spirit and scope of the hereinafter appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A housing structure for an electromagnetic energy radiator comprising, a relatively thin shell of partially wave-transparent material and of quasi-streamlined transverse contour uniformly distributed throughout its longitudinal axis, a solid substance filling said shell and of relatively low density but relatively superior dielectrically to said material and permeated with holes therein in predetermined directions, areas and lengths to equalize their inherent dielectric effects in designated radial directions, one of said holes being sized and situated in said substance for the placement of an antenna therein, said holes and substance being arranged about said antenna as to provide a substantial equalization of the attenuation by the radiant energy emitted from said antenna through said structure.
2. A housing structure `for an electromagnetic energy radiator comprising, a relatively thin shell of substantially wave-transparent material and of quasi-streamlined transverse contour uniformly distributed throughout its longitudinal axis, a substance filling said shell and of relatively low density and thickly deposited in said shell but relatively superior dielectrically as compared with said shell, said substance being permeated with parallel cavities therein in predetermined directions to equalize the inherent dielectric resistivity in designated radial directions, one of said cavities being situated among said other cavities in said substance for the longitudinal placement of an antenna therein, said cavities and substance being arranged to provide a substantial equalization of the attenuation by the radiant energy emitted from said antenna through said structure and means for closing the open portions of said cavities.
3. A housing for an antenna comprising a tubular skin or relatively thin dielectric material, and a filler of dielectric material within said skin and surrounding said antenna, said skin being asymmetrically disposed relative to said antenna and said skin having greater structural strength than said ller and said filler having better dielectric characteristics than said skin, and said filler being pierced by holes so disposed and shaped that the eiective thickness of the filler in every radial direction from the antenna is substantially the same, whereby the radiation pattern of the antenna is substantially undistorted by the asymmetrical eonguration of the housing.
EDWARD B. McMILLAN. HENRY J. RIBLET.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number' Name Date 2,202,380 Hollmann May 28, 1940 2,313,046 Bruce Mar. 9, 1943 2,293,112 Carlson Aug. 18, 1943 2,413,085 Tiley Dec. 24, 1946 2,429,601 Biskeborn Oct. 28, 1947 2,433,924 Riblet Jan. 6, 1948
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US613604A US2501072A (en) | 1945-08-30 | 1945-08-30 | Antenna housing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US613604A US2501072A (en) | 1945-08-30 | 1945-08-30 | Antenna housing |
Publications (1)
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US2501072A true US2501072A (en) | 1950-03-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US613604A Expired - Lifetime US2501072A (en) | 1945-08-30 | 1945-08-30 | Antenna housing |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2659884A (en) * | 1949-08-03 | 1953-11-17 | Mcmillan | Dielectric wall for transmission of centimetric radiation |
US2724053A (en) * | 1951-09-07 | 1955-11-15 | Jack M Davis | Whip-type antennae |
US2956281A (en) * | 1954-09-08 | 1960-10-11 | Edward B Mcmillan | Dielectric walls for transmission of electromagnetic radiation |
US3110064A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1963-11-12 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Wall securement |
US3711630A (en) * | 1969-09-01 | 1973-01-16 | Cta Co Ind De Textiles Artific | Noncircular cable |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2202380A (en) * | 1936-08-27 | 1940-05-28 | Telefunken Gmbh | Confined or space resonance antenna |
US2293112A (en) * | 1939-08-31 | 1942-08-18 | Rca Corp | Compact high frequency dipole |
US2313046A (en) * | 1942-03-26 | 1943-03-09 | Bruce Malcolm | Radio antenna system |
US2413085A (en) * | 1945-01-29 | 1946-12-24 | Philco Corp | Antenna system |
US2429601A (en) * | 1943-11-22 | 1947-10-28 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave radar directive antenna |
US2433924A (en) * | 1945-08-01 | 1948-01-06 | Henry J Riblet | Antenna |
-
1945
- 1945-08-30 US US613604A patent/US2501072A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2202380A (en) * | 1936-08-27 | 1940-05-28 | Telefunken Gmbh | Confined or space resonance antenna |
US2293112A (en) * | 1939-08-31 | 1942-08-18 | Rca Corp | Compact high frequency dipole |
US2313046A (en) * | 1942-03-26 | 1943-03-09 | Bruce Malcolm | Radio antenna system |
US2429601A (en) * | 1943-11-22 | 1947-10-28 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave radar directive antenna |
US2413085A (en) * | 1945-01-29 | 1946-12-24 | Philco Corp | Antenna system |
US2433924A (en) * | 1945-08-01 | 1948-01-06 | Henry J Riblet | Antenna |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2659884A (en) * | 1949-08-03 | 1953-11-17 | Mcmillan | Dielectric wall for transmission of centimetric radiation |
US2724053A (en) * | 1951-09-07 | 1955-11-15 | Jack M Davis | Whip-type antennae |
US2956281A (en) * | 1954-09-08 | 1960-10-11 | Edward B Mcmillan | Dielectric walls for transmission of electromagnetic radiation |
US3110064A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1963-11-12 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Wall securement |
US3711630A (en) * | 1969-09-01 | 1973-01-16 | Cta Co Ind De Textiles Artific | Noncircular cable |
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