US2497748A - Package vending machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb, 14, 1950 w. voN sToEsL-:R

PACKAGE VENDING MACHINE Filed March 8, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR WHL rf@ Ifo/v 570655K.

Hr ams/fra.

Feb. 14, 1950 w. voN sToEsER PACKAGE VENDING f MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 8. 1946 8 4 3 7 i. ..1 7 W a MW@ 2 mf f E5 h Z VN f s .J m0 n 6 y K ,n /m m a W f RI 7 EM B mm n sm m E l Mm W, mmm c M uw M m il, 0 GII N 8 1 1 U M Ma u d .b e .u F 'HL Feb. 14, 195o W, VON STOESER '2,497,748

PACKAGE VENDING MACHINE Filed March 8, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. W/iz rm Vm .afsf/e.

Feb. 14, 1950 w. VON STOESER PACKAGE VENDING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 8, 1946 INVENTOR. WHL rff? l/a/v 570555K.

/7 ram/frs.

Feb. 14, 1950 w. voN sToEsER PACKAGE VENDING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed March 8, 1946 IN1/EN TOR. Wm 72W l/a/Y .570mm Patented Feb. 14, 1950 PACKAGE VENDING MACHINE Walter Von Stoeser. North Tonawanda, N. Y., as-

signor to The Rudolph rWurlitzer Company, Chicago, Ill., a, corporation Application March 8, 1946, Serial No. 652.869

This invention relates to a package vending machine particularly applicable to the dispensing of bottled beverages, milk or the like. However, any desired commodity packaged in the manner herein set forth may be vended thereby.

It is the object of this invention to provide a vending machine of the above character in cabinet form, preferably including a refrigerated compartment from which bottled beverages, which may be herein considered as including milk or liquid foods, as well as other packaged goods or commodities, may be vended one at a time upon deposit of a coin. This is accomplished by packaging the commodity, whether of liquid or other form, in a container of greater Width or diameter at the base than at the top, and which containers are supported in column formation, one upon the other, with the enlarged base supported upon the smaller top. Preferably paper containers are employed in the form of conically shaped bottles with a closure cap at the upper smaller end, which cap may rbe removed for drinking the beverage or exposing the contents, whereupon the container may be disposed of in any suitable manner.

The principal feature of the invention resides in the provision of a rotatable turret for supporting a plurality of columns of containers and operable to release the lowermost container from one of the columns to the dispensing apparatus upon deposit of a coin or actuation of a control member, and wherein each dispensed container is replaced by another of the same column, all contained within a refrigerated chamber.

A further feature of the invention resides in the automatic control of the turret to successively position columns of containers and release the lowermost container onto a trap door in the bottom of the refrigeratng compartment, said door being thereupon automatically operable by the dispensed container for delivery thereby.

Another feature resides in the automatically actuated platform for supporting the containers in their respective column formations, and operable to release the lowermost container at the dispensing station while withholding and supporting the next superimposed container.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and claims:

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section through the cabinet of the vending machine showing the con- 10 Claims. (Cl. 312-48) tainer supporting turret in elevation with certain 'columns of containers removed for clarity.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of that portion of the machine controlling the dispensing of the packages.

" Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the turret drive.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 with parts removed.

Fig. 5 is a View showing the upper turret spiders with the left-hand side thereof shown in elevation and the right-hand side in central vertical section. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the upper turret spiders, as shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the lower turret spiders.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a platform release.

Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the platform release shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. l0 is a side elevation of the platform release in supporting position, as shown in Figs 7 and 9.

Fig. 1l is the same as Fig. l0, showing the platform release in collapsed position.

Fig. 12 is a wiring diagram of the electric control.

Fig. 13 is a section taken on the line |3--I3 of Fig. 14 showing a modified form of dispensing mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a central vertical section through a portion of the modified form of Fig. 13, similar to the view shown in Fig. 2.

In the drawings there is shown a package vending machine comprising a cabinet I0 mounted upon a base il, said cabinet being constructed preferably of insulating material to enclose a refrigerated chamber I3. The front of the cabinet is provided with an insulated door I4 through which access may be had to the interior of the chamber I3 for replenishing the packages contained therein or for other purposes as may be required. At a convenient height on the cabinet there is mounted a coin box indicated at l 5, which may be of any suitable type commonly employed for receiving a coin effective to operate the package dispensing mechanism. In the base ll there is provided a compartment I6 containing the usual refrigerating mechanism indicated at Il in the form of a motor driven compressor for forcing refrigerant to the usual evaporator indicated at i9. Also, there may be provided in the compartment I6 a series of Shelves 2li arranged to support the packages 2|, as indicated by dotted lines, for precooling storage thereof.

Supported for rotation within the refrigerating chamber I3 there are two concentric turrets, the outer turret comprising an upper spider 22 and a lower spider 23. The inner turret comprises an upper spider 24 and a` lower spider 2d. The inner turret, comprising the spiders 24 and 25 is carried by the hollow shaft 26 rotatable about a solid shaft 2l. The hollow shaft 26 xedly supports in spaced relation the inner turret spiders 24, 25, whereas the solid shaft 21 has its top bearing in a bracket 28,'and has secured thereto the top spider 22 of the outer turret. Said shafts eXtend downwardly through and have their lower bearing in a sleeve 29 secured in the floor of the cabinet I.

lThe outer turret, comprisingA the spiders 22; and 23, rotatably supports the storage tubes 30 carried thereby in spaced arcuate recesses 3| formed about its periphery by the brackets 32, as ShownY in Figs. and 6. Said tubes 30 areremovably mounted on said spiders to extend adjacent each other about their entire periphery in spaced. relation, there being shown herein for illustration sixteen such tubes. Similarly supported about thev peripheries of the spiders 24f and 2,5 forming the. inner turret, there is a plurality of tubes 33. The upper spider 22 of the outer turret is rotatA ably supported upon the spider 24 of the inner turret by the ball races indicated at 34, thespiders of the outer turret being secured to each other by the tie rods 35. Each of said tubes is provided. with a cutout face intermediate its ends, as indicated at 3-1, and as shown in Fig. 2.

Suspended from the top of the base by a bracket 38, there is provided an electric door control motor 39 having the usual speed reduction gear box-41) terminating in a drive shaft 4|. Secured to said shaft 4| there is a ratchet wheel 42, andv `pi-vota'lly mounted to swing thereon there is aycke 43;. Said yoke supports a biasing lever 44 upon one end of which a counterweight 4,5 is supported. Said lever- 44 is goosenecked. at its opposited end 46 to yieldingly support a delivery trap door 41. The trap door 41 is biased toward closed position by the counterweight 45, and.r acts in the nature of an inclined delivery chute for the: packages 2|, as hereinafter described. When said door 41 is in its upper position, as shown in Figs; 1 and. 2,k by full lines, it provides through the flexible strips 48 an air tight bottom closure for the refrigerating chamber I3. In. its lowermost position, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2,. it acts as a delivery chute for a released package. Carried by the yoke 43 there is'` a. pivotally mounted. pawl 4i)k engageable with the ratchet wheel 42 upon actuation of the door` 41` by the dropping of a package thereon.

Depending from the top` of the base there is' a U-shaped frame 5i) provided with bracket supporting extensionsr 5|' and 52 (Figs. 2 and 3). Said brackets support the turret driving motors 53 and 54', respectively. Said motors are pro.- vided with reductionv gearing connectedl by the exible couplings 55' and 56 to the pinion shafts 51 and 581, respectively; The latter are provided with pinions 59, Gil, respectively, which mesh with theirl respective gears 6| and 52, said gears being thereby driven in opposite directions.

Gears 6| and B2 have attached to their upper and lower faces, blocks 63 and 64, respectively, on each of which are pivoted the pawls 65 and 56. The pawl 65 engages the ratchet wheel 61 and' the pawl' 66 engages the ratchet wheel 68, 'the teeth of said ratchet wheels being oppositely directed. Sai'dgearsl and ratchet wheels are concentric with shafts 26 and 21, and are supported by suitable ball bearings upony theframe 50. The pinions 59 and' 6B are free to revolve about their common axis, but the ratchet wheels 61 and 68 are secured to the shafts and 21, respectively. The rotation of gears 6|, (i2v byy their' motors is such that they' force their respective pawls into theteeth of the ratchets.. 6.1, 68, to selectively 'drive the shafts 26 and 21 in opposite directions.

Thus, while either shaft must revolve in a given direction, while under power, they and their attached turrets may be freely turned by hand in the opposite direction while the tubes are being manipulated. This permits the turrets to be freely positioned by an operator for convenient access andv manipulation in rez-loading them through the door I 4.

As shown in Fig. 2, the shafts 26, 21 extend through the floor of the cabinet ID. The lower spider 25 of the inner turret is secured to the shaft 28 by aset screw 69. Spider 25, as shown in Eig. is'providedwith a series of rollers 10 pivotally mounted ons radially-extending arms 1| which define the semi-circular tube receiving recesses., The. lower spider 23 of the outer turret having similar semi-circular tube receiving recesses, i's provided with an annular inner ringlike wall indicated at 12 engaged by the rollers 1010i. the. spider. 2.5.. Thus, the spider 25 which is. carried by the; tu-bularnshaft; 26 centers the spider 23 irr concentric relation therewith. and with said shafts while permitting` relative. rotation therebetween. Each. offA said spiders 22:,y 23". 24 and 25 carries a series of upstandingv tapered pins 13 aligned with their tube receiving recesses for receiving. and interlockingV withv the; brackets 32- secured` adjacent the upper and, lower' ends' of' each of said. tubes 30 andv 3'3'.. Thus, said. tubes may be-readily: removed. by the.- operatoi: for lling with packages, and set; in place: about their rerspective turrets. by slipping the brackets: 32 over the: pins '57'.

One of the. supporti-ng' platforms,` for.` the. colii umns of packages: contained in: the respective tubes is shown. in Figs; 8-11 as' applied tothe tube 33., However; the same"y supportF is' applied to. the tubes lbeing'indicated at. 14 in Fig. l. Saidy platform 1I44 is:v fulcrumed' att 1:5 oni the bracket'. 1t whichz is` welded on otherwise secured tof the eX- ternal wall or' each' tube adjacent: the bottom4 thereof. The free end of: the platform` extends under the discharge: end of' the tubeifor-support'- ing the lowerinost package con-tained therein. The opposite end ofI said platform` is pivoted' at 1,1 tof a link; 13,. which link has its other endv pivoted at 19 to a` bell crankk lever' 8'0 iul'crumedy at Bl on an outstanding' arm 82 of: the bracket. The upper end.z of. the' bracket is' formed with ay head 83 en'- gageableV icy/the leg 84' of' the bell'V crank l'ever 8U, as shown. in 10. Said bell crank lever is also provided with a striker 85 extending' out'- vvardlytherefrom beveledv on oneside adjacent its' end. This provides' a collapsible toggle support for the platform 14'-, Link 18/ and bell. crankv lever are so related that their pivotal connection 1f9 lies outside of' the plane through ful'crurn pins 11, 8|. Thus; when irr supporting position, as shownI in` Fig'. 1'0', the platform 14 is locked by the togglev action against downward movement in suchmanner that the greater" the weight supported thereby, the strongerY will be the locking action through engagement of the arm- 84"' with the' head 83". However, upon the toggle being collapsed inwardly" through the striker 85, the platform 14 willE be released to swing downwardly out of` supporting position, thereby permitting a packageY to drop from the tube. Immediately upon release", the spring86 will force the toggle outwardly, immedi'ately'returningthe platform through the recess formed by the inward taper of' the package to supporting' position. in timey to support the next superimposed package.

For the purpose of engaging the striker to release the platform 14 from its package supporting position, a trip finger 81 is mounted on the inner wall of the cabinet I9 immediately above the trap door 41. A similar trip finger 88 is mounted on a collar 89 secured to the bearing sleeve 29 mounted in the bottom of the cabinet through which the drive shafts extend. As one or the other of the turrets is revolved, the tubes are progressively moved past said trip iingers to be engaged by the striker 85 with the result that said striker is cammed inwardly to collapse the toggle and release the platform 14. Thereupon the package is permitted to drop from the tube onto the trap door 41. Because of the upwardly tapering walls of the package, the platform is permitted to be returned to its supporting position by the spring 86 as the next above package drops with the released package. By the time this package reaches the bottom of the tube, the platform has resumed its supporting position, the striker 85 having passed its trip finger. Thus, the superimposed column of packages is supported in the tube after release of the lowermost package.

vThe packages 2| contained in the tubes 39 of the outer turrret may be of one size or character of goods and the packages 2|a contained in the tubes 33 of the inner turret may be of another size or character of goods. However, they may be of the same goods, but in different sized packages. Where necessary it may be desirable to use smaller tubes in one turret than in the other, which may be set in their respective bays provided about the periphery of the spiders.

A selection may be made by the purchaser as to a package of the outer or inner turrets, by manipulating the selector switch 9| (Fig. 12). Upon dropping a coin in the coin box I5, the coin switch 92 is momentarily closed. This closes the circuit from the source of current S through the main lines 93, 94 to the selected electromagnet 95 or 96. The magnet 95 controls operation of the motor 53, and the magnet 96 controls operation of the motor 54. As noted above, motor 53 drives the shaft 26 which in turn drives the inner turret for dispensing packages 2Ia, and the motor 54 drives the shaft 21 for dispensing packages 2 I. Thus, upon moving the selector switch 9| to the left, packages 2|`a will be dispensed. and upon moving said switch to the right, packages 2| will be dispensed. In series with the circuit to the magnet 95 there is a package controlled switch 91, and a similar switch 98 in series with the magnet 9B, both of said switches being normally closed. The circuits to the magnets 95, 99 include the motor 39 and the microswitch 99 (see Fig. 2). The circuit through said microswitch and magnets 95, 99 is normally closed. When the magnet 95 is energized, it closes the switches |99, I9 I, but opens switch I 92 Similarly, when the magnet 96 is energized, it closes switches |93, |94 but opens switch |95. As soon as switch |9I, is closed, the inner turret driving motor 53 is energized for rotating shaft 26. Upon rotation of the inner turret, one of the tubes 33 is moved into position over the trap door 41 (Figs. l and 2), during which movement the striker 85 of the platform 14 engages the finger 88. The lowermost package 2| a is thus released to drop onto the trap door 41. Similarly with the closing of the switch I'9I, switch |99 is closed which acts to maintain the magnet 95 energized following the momentary closing of the coin switch 92.

When the trap door sustains the weight of the package 2| a, the counterweight 45 is overhalanced, tending to swing the yoke 43 to cause the 39. This acts to throw the microswitch 99 from its normal position, as shown in Fig. 12, to the reverse position, closing the circuit through motor 39 and breaking the circuit through the magnet 95, whereupon the circuit to the turret driving motor 53 is broken through switch |9I. Therefore, immediately upon the package being dropped, further rotation of the turret is stopped, but not before the striker has passed the finger 88. At that point the platform 14 has returned to its supporting position to receive and sup-` port the next above package.

The motor 39 serves as a brake for slowly lowering the trap door from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2 to its dotted line position, since it cannot swing downwardly any faster than the ratchet wheel 42 permits. As the trap door slowly lowers to its inclined position, the package slides down until its upper end strikes the top of the base II, which causes it to tilt over and slide bottom foremost into package receiving cup |96 mounted in an aperture provided therefor in the front wall of the base II. As soon as the trap door is relieved of the weight of the package, the

counterweight 45 raises it with the pawl ratcheting over the wheel 42 until the door is closed against the tension of the spring llllsupporting it upon the arm 46. The yoke 43 is similarly returned to normal position, acting to throw the microswitch 99 back to its normal position, as shown in Fig. l2, thereby stopping the motor 39 and readying the circuit to again energize magnet 95. This completes the cycle of operation.

If, on the other hand, it is desired to dispense a package 2| from one of the tubes 39 of the outer turret, the switch 9| is thrown to close the circuit through switch 98 to energize magnet 96. It acts to close switches |93, |94 and open switch |95 to energize motor 54. The same sequence of operations then occurs, such as to cause release of the lowermost package 2| through dropping of its platform 14 by engagement with its iinger 91.

Electromagnet |98 is utilized to prevent coins from being accepted for closing the coin switch 92 while the magnets 95 or 99 are energized for positioning one of the turrets. Said magnet is controlled by the switches |92 or |95 which are opened to deenergize said magnet while the magnets 95 or 96 are energized. Magnet |98 so operates in the manner disclosed in my application Serial No. 477,068, led February 25, 1943, as illustrated in Fig. 29 thereof.

The switches 91 and 98` are mounted upon the door I3a of the compartment i3, as shown in Figs. '7 and 13, being controlled by a spring leaf extending in the direction of travel of the tubes when the turrets are rotated, the outer turret being rotated in a clockwise direction and the inner turret being rotated in a counterclockwise` direction, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 7. Each of said tubes is provided with a recess in its wall as indicated at |99. If there is one or more packages contained in the tube, the leaf spring of the switch 91 will be forced downwardly thereby to close the switch so as to permit the circuit to be made through the magnet 95. Similarly, the circuit through the magnet 99 will be closed upon the leaf spring of switch 98 being depressed. However, if the tube is empty, the leaf spring of switches 91 or 98 will not be depressed but will ride freelyupinto; the. tube so that their circuits will remain openfand the machine willbe inoperative.V In this event, thev usual warning signalmayvbe displayed or the coin deposited may be re turned.

Figs. 13 and 14' are illustrative oi a modified form of the invention, particularly in respect to the mechanism for controlling the trap door. Fig l4 is a section through a portion of the modilied machine, showing a view similar to that of Fig. 2', with parts broken away or removed. Fig. 13.*is al section taken on the line |3|3 of Fig. 14, with parts removed. In these figures there is illustrated only a single turret embodying the tubes |30 movable in a path over the trap door |41 for dispensing similar packages 2|, each of whichy is released in the manner above described for dropping onto the trap door Ml. In this modied form. the trapdoor is supported by the arm |46 which is fulcrumedupon the motor shaft Mit driven through suitable speed reduction gearingA by the motor |39. As soon as the package drops. on the doorv |41, it is depressed, forcing the pawl |49; into engagement with the ratchet wheel |42` keyed to the shaft MI. Thus, the lowering of the-trapdoor is controlled by the motor. This action also actuates the microswitch 99, as above described. However, upon the door being relieve-dof. theweight of the package, it is returned by tension of the spring |45. Said spring is wound about the shaft Mi with one end thereof secured to the motor at |41 and the other end secured to the arm at |48. As the door'is lowered, it, winds up the spring |ll5 under suicient tensionto, return it to closed position upon discharge of. thepackage. Thus, the spring U55 in effect takes the place of the arm fill and counterweight 45 above described.

The invention `claimed is:

1. A vending machine comprising: a series' oi vertically disposed tubes for containing a column of packages supported one upon the other, each of saidI packages having its supporting endof less area than its supported end, a toggle link pivotally mounted on each of said tubes. operably mounting an inwardly extending platform. thereon for supporting the lowermost package ofthe column, means for effecting collapse. of said toggle link upon movement of its supporting tube to a dispensing station, and a spring'operable to return said toggle link and platform tosupportingA position during discharge of its supported package for reception and support of its superimposed package.

22 A vending machine including a vertically disposed tube. for containing a' column of packages to be dispensed, said packages' being supported one upon the other with their upper supporting ends' oifsetv inwardly from' their lower supported ends, a swinging platform ful'crumed on saidv tube having one end extending inwardly thereof for supporting the lowerrnost package but to; a less; distance from the wall. of said tube than the supporting end thereof, and a toggle link:

ages, said packagesbeing supported one upon..

the other with their-upper supporting ends spaced. inwardly from their lower supported ends, ay swinging platform fulcrumed on said tube with. one end thereof extending inwardly of said` tube for supporting the lowermost package but to a less distance from the wall of said tube than the supporting end of said package, a toggle linkpivotallyl connected to the other end of saidv fulcrumed platform, said toggle link being collapsible inwardly topermit said platform to.. swing downwardly to release the lowermost package and. return to supporting position for the nextv superimposed package, anda spring associated withv said toggle link acting to urge it into its supporting'position after-collapsing.

e. Avending machine including a vertically disposed tube for containing a column of packages, said packages being supported one upon thev other with their upper supporting ends I spaced inwardly from their lower supported ends,

supported thereby, and a spring tending to re turn said toggle link to its platform supporting position as said package is released for receiving and supporting the next superimposed package.

5. A vending machine comprising a cabinet provided with an elevated floor, means in said cabinet for supporting a plurality .of packages tov be dispensed, a downwardly swinging trap door inv said floor for receiving a package thereon, a motor having a drive shaft upon which saidIdooris freely pivoted, an interlocking connection between said shaft and door operable to interlock for controlling the downward movement of said.y door upon receiving said package, and means for biasing said door to closed position upon discharge of said package therefrom.

6. A vending machine comprising a cabinet provided with an elevated door, means in said the lowering thereof to an inclined package discharge position, and a switch controlled by said door effective to close the circuit to said motor upon said door receiving the weight of a' package deposited thereon, the biasing of said'door beingv said door being "f be dispensed, a downwardly swinging trap door in' said iioor, an electric control motor supported under said floor having a driving shaft, a supporting arm for said door -fulc'rume'd on said shaft, a 'ratchet wheel secured to said shaft, a pawl carried by said arm engageable therewith upon downward movement of said door and releasable relative thereto upon the upward movement thereof, a switch movable'withsaid arm to close the circuit to said motor upon downward movement thereof by the weight of a package received thereon for controlling the lowering of said door to an inclined package discharge position, and means for biasing said door upwardly to closed position upon being relieved of said package, said arm upon the upward movement of said door moving said switch to break the circuit to said motor.

8. A vending machine comprising a cabinet provided with an elevated floor, a series of package supporting members, a downwardly swinging trap door in said iioor for receiving a package from one of said members, a motor for moving one of said members into position over said door for releasing a package thereon, a second motor for controlling the downward movement of said door upon receiving said package, control circuits for said motors, a manually controlled switch for closing the circuit through said rst motor, and a switch operated by the downward movement of said door to close the circuit through said second motor and open the circuit through said rst motor, said Second mentioned switch being reversely operated upon the return movement of said door following the discharge of a package therefrom.

9. A vending machine comprising a cabinet provided with an elevated floor, a rotatable tur ret mounted in said cabinet carrying a series of annularly disposed spaced package containing tubes, means upon each of said tubes for normally supporting the packages therein and operable to release the lowermost of said packages from one of said tubes upon being rotated t package dispensing station, a downwardly swing ing trap door in said licor at said station for receiving a released package thereon, a motor for rotating said turret t0 a position for releasing a package onto said door, a manually controlled switch for closing the circuit to said motor, a second motor having a driving connection with said door, a control switch operably connected with said door movable to close a circuit to said second motor upon said door being slightly depressed by the weight of a package released thereon for controlling the downward movement thereof to package discharging position, means for biasing said door to closed position independently of said last-mentioned motor and opening the control switch therefor, and a switch controlled by the initial depression of said door for breaking the circuit to said rst-mentioned motor.

10. A vending machine comprising a cabinet provided with an elevated door, a pair of concentric turrets supported for rotation therein, an annular series of spaced tubes carried peripherally about each of said turrets, a vertically eX tending shaft for supporting and rotating one of said turrets, a second shaft concentric therewith for rotating the other of said turrets, a driving motor connected with each of said shafts, control circuits for said motors, a selective switch for readying the circuit to one of said motors for operating a selected one of said turrets, a manually controlled switch for closing the circuit through a selected motor for rotating the selected turret to bring one of its tubes to a dispensing station, means at said station for releasing a package from said tube, a trap door at said station for receiving the released package, a switch controlled by said door when depressed by the weight of the released package for breaking said circuit, a motor controlled by said switch and operatively connected with said door during the lowering thereof for controlling its movement to inclined position for discharge of the package released thereon, and means for returning said door to closed position and rendering said last-mentioned motor inoperative upon said door being relieved of said package.

WALTER VON STOESER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 816,975 Gilbert Apr. 3, 1906 2,253,482 Forsthoefel et al. Aug. 19, 1941 2,289,807 Schavevitz et al. July 14, 1942 2,330,186 Jetseck et al. Sept. 21, 1943 2,338,714 Garner Jan. 11, 1944 2,351,432 Jennings et al. June 13, 1944 2,360,241 Kuhl Oct. 10, 1944 2,371,316 Rice et al. Mar. 13, 1945

Images