US2496880A

US2496880A - Magnetically operated device

Info

Publication number: US2496880A
Application number: US542188A
Authority: US
Inventors: George H Leland
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-06-26
Filing date: 1944-06-26
Publication date: 1950-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 1967-02-07

Description

Feb. 7, 1950 G. H. LELAND 2,496,880

MAGNETICALLY OPERATED DEVI CE Filed June 26, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 H675 I H 29 NVENTOR v I BYqamrMAZAl/fl Feb. 7, 1950 G. H. LELAND MAGNETICALLY OPERATED DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 26, 1944 A n v u v I I r I v v A l I a v i i v v1 INVENTOR 62609627115144? ATTORNEY Feb. 7, 1950 G. H. LELAND 2,496,880

MAGNETICALLY OPERATED DEVICE Filed June 26, 1944 4 Sheets-Shee t s INV ENTOR Gama/Man);

ATTORN EY solenoid.

Pat entedFeb. 1; 1950 UNITED srares 1 PATENT orrlca Manna-nostril organ-ran pence George H. cine v Application June :0, rm, No. 54am l i This invention relates toa magnetically oper- 9 cam lotus-fem embodiment of the invention; Fig. 17 is a side ated device and more particularly to a rotary One object magnetically operated device in which the movement otfthe armature by the magnet will impart rotatory movement to a part connected with the armature. A 1 I A further object of the invention is to provide such a device in which the energization oftho magnet will impart to the armature both axial movement and rotatory movement; A further object of the invention such a device in which the movement of the armature by the magnet would impart rotatory movement to a shaft having means for controlling the movement of a device to be operated.

is to provide of the invention is to provide embodiments of the invention showingitsapplication to' different uses. In each of these illuselevation, partly broken away; Fig. 18 is a section taken on the line "-18 of Fig. 17; Fig. 19 is a Y eectiontaken on line l8- -ll of Fig. 16; Fig. 20 is a sectional vview of another embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 21 is a side elevation of the deviceof Fig. 20.

In these drawings I have illustrated several trative embodiments there is shown an electromagnet, an armature movable toward the magnet by the energization of the latter, and a shaft connected with the armature for rotation thereby A further object of the invention is to provide such a device which will impart successive step by step movements in the same direction to a device to be operated.

p A further'object of the invention is to provide I such a device which will impart substantially continuous rotation to the armature orto a part connected therewith.

A further object oi theinvention is to provide V such a device one operation ofwhich will move a part to be actuated to a predetermined position and the next succeeding operation of which will j restore said part to its initial position.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a device which will be of a simple compact construction.

Other objects of the invention may appear as the device is described in detail.

In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is an elevation of one end ota. device-embodying the invention; Fig; 2 is an elevation of the other end of said device; Fig. 3 is a sectiontakenon the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the device; Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig; 1; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 8-6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 'l is an elevation of a modified form of the device; Fig. 8 is an elevation of the other end of the device of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line 9 -.9 of Fig. I; Fig. 10 is a side plate and armature to rotate. The drawings 7 show the several devices in the preferred forms view of the 'device of Fig. '7; Fig. 11 is a side eleva- 1 tion of another embodiment 'of the invention; Fig. 12 is a section taken on the line i2--i2 of Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a top the upper plate of Fig. 11; Fig. 14 is a section taken on the line "-44 0! Fig. 1i, and looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 15 is a section taken on the line il-l! of Fig. 13; Fig. 18 is a top lan view, partly broken away, of. another plan view of a portion of when the armature is moved by the magnet. The

' shaft is preferablyrigldly connected with-the armature andthe latter caused to rotate the magnet,'and balls betweenthe plate and the fiixed part, the plate orthe fixed part, or both .of them, being provided with cam surfaces so arranged with relation to the balls that the action of the cam surfaces on the balls will cause the and arrangements but it is to be understood that the device as a whole and the several'parts thereof may take various forms and arrangements without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 That embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1- to 6 comprises a stationary structure which includes an electro-magnet and'supports other parts of the device. the form of a metallic casing, including an annular cup-shaped member 2| and a closure '22, which forms part of the magnet. The closure is rigidly secured to the member 2i and is provided with an inwardly extending axial enlargement II, and a magnetizing coil 23a is mounted in the casing about the enlargement 23. An armature 24 is supported adjacent the enlarged portion oi the magnet for movement toward and from the same, and a shaft 25 or non-magnetic metal, such as stainless steel, is connected with the armature for rotatory movement thereby. when a the armature ismoved toward the magnet. This movement may be imparted to the shaft in any suitable manner but preferably the armature is mounted Ior'rotatory movement and is rigidly secured to the shaft. Rotatory movement is imparted to the armature by the movement of the This structure. is in I 2,4oo,sao

and is supported thereby in the opening in the wall 26, the armature being circular in form so that it may have rotatory movement as well as axial movement with relation to the magnet. In this form of the device the means for imparting rotatory movement to the armature comprises a plate 29, here shown as substantially triangular in form, which is connected with the armature for axial movement therewith and, in the present instance, is rigidly secured to the armature for both axial and rotatory movement therewith. This plate is arranged on the outer side of and in opposed relationto the wall 26 of the casing and the opposed surfaces of the wall and plate are each provided with a plurality, in the present instance three, arcuate recesses or grooves and 3|, the recesses in the plate being opposed to the corresponding recesses in the wall. The bottom wall of at least one of the recesses of each pair is inclined lengthwise of the recess, and preferably the

bottom walls

32 and 33, of both recesses, are inclined in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. 5. The recesses are so arranged that when the armature is in its normal or inoperative position the shallow end portions of the recesses of each pair will be in. overlapping relation one to the other. Rotatable elements, preferably balls 34, are supported in the respective pairs of recesses and are located between the shallow overlapping end portions of the recesses when the armature is in its normal position. When the magnet is energized and the armature moves toward the same the pressure of the plate on the balls causes the plate to rotate as it moves axially, due to the inclined or cam surfaces of the recesses. The plate moves with relation to the balls and the balls move with relation to the recesses in the wall until each ball is in the deeper portions of its recesses, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, at which time is rigidly secured to the shaft, as by a pin I310 the plate in proper The reverse movement of the armature will of course move the shaft in a reverse direction, both axially and rotatorily, and this reverse movement is limited not only by the engagement of the balls with the ends of the recesses but also by a collar 31 secured to that end of the shaft opposite the armature and preferably seated in a recess in the closure 22'. A spring washer 3| confined between the collar recess in the closure I urges the armature and the plate 29 toward the magnet and thus maintains engagement with the balls. To enable the armature and the parts connected therewith to be manually operated, when this is the balls engage the end walls of the recesses and prevent further rotation of the plate and armature.

To increase the torque on the armature at the beginning of .its axial movement, when the pull of the magnet thereon is relatively weak, the inclination of the bottom surface of each recess maybe slightly greater adjacent the shallow end thereof than it is at the deeper end, as shown at 35. In the present instance each bottom surface is curved and the curvature decreases as it approaches the deeper end of the recess. The plate and armature will be retained in the posi-' tions to which they have been rotated as long as the magnet is energized and for most pur-' poses it is desirable that they should be restored to their initial positions as soon as the magnet is deenergized. For this purpose a light spring is so connected with the armature that it willbe placed under tension by the rotation of the armature and will move the same in areverse direction when the armature is released. In the arrangement here shown a coil spring 36 is connected with the plate and with a fixed part adjacent the plate. 7

- is provided with a a manually actuate d device may be connected desirable, the end of the shaft adjacent the collar slot or recess by means of which therewith.

The device of Figs. 1 to 6 is designed primarily to control the releasing levers of a bomb release, for military airplanes, of the type in which there are two levers, .3! and 4|, the lever 38 controlling the bomb releasing device and the lever 4. controlling the arming of the bomb, that is, the releasing of the mechanism which operates the ilring device. When both levers are released the bomb is dropped and armed and when the lever 39 only is released the bomb is dropped in an unarmed condition. For the purpose of this control the device is. provided with a controlling or supporting member for the levers,'which is here shown as a stud 4| connected directly with the armature, the stud and the levers being so arranged that a partial movement of the stud will release one lever only and the full movement thereof will release both levers. Preferably the stud has a substantially cylindrical portion adjacent the armature and the outer end portion thereof has a flat or slightly concave upper surface. As shown in Fig. 1 the lever 39 is sup-. ported on the concave surface of the outer portion of the stud and extends across the major portion of that surface. The end of lever 4| extends above the cylindrical inner portion of the stud and the lever mechanism, which is not shown, is of such a character that the lever 40 is held in spaced relation to the stud as long as the lever ll is-supported by the stud. The end of the lever 40 is preferably curved forwardly and is so located with relation to the stud that when the latter is moved out of engagement with the lever 39 and then stopped as soon as the lever 39 is released the lever 40 will move down-. wardly with the lever 38 until the curved end thereof contacts the cylindrical surface of the stud, slightly above the horizontal diameter of the stud, thus interrupting the downward movement of lever 40, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. By so interrupting the movement of the stud at the end of a predetermined movement thereof the lever 39 is released for operative movement and the lever 4| is held against opera tive movement. The means for interrupting the movement of the stud 4| may take various forms and it is here shown as comprising a solenoid 42, of ordinary construction, the energization of which will move its core 43 into the path of astop connected with the armature and, in the present instance, comprising a shoulder 44 formed on the edge of the plate 28. The solenoid 42 may be mounted on any suitable support ad-. jacent the edge of the plate 29, and it is con-' nected in a separate circuit controlled by a sepa-. rate switch. Thus by closing the circuit through the main magnet only and imparting uninterq I1 and the bottom of the.

in advance of. the main magnet the lever 44 only will be released.

When thecontroliing device; such as the stud I 44, for connecting the same with a conductor of here shown, is connected-directly with the armathe parts carried thereby. The opposed surfaces ture it is not necessary that the armature shall" be rigidly connected with the shaft, as the latter serves merely as a support for the armature. andof the enlargement 23v and the armature 24 may conical to provide; a relatively long bearing-for the shaft. The device may be mounted on a sup-'3 1 member" in a direction to successively open the several circuits, the shaft 44 and the shaft 14 of the magnetically operated device are provided porting structure 'in any: suitable manner. and,

with threaded holes 44 to receive screws. a

In Figs. 7 to 10 there is shown aslightly modified form of the device above described. In this device the structure 44, the shaft 41, thearmature '48, the plate 49, the balls 40, and the associated trolling or actuating device which is here shown as a stud 54 on which is mounted a roller 54 suitbe of anysuitable shape and are here shown as one of the lamp circuits. Mounted in this plate 4| is a shaft 44 which is rigidly connected, on the inner side of the plate, with a movable contact member 41 which is provided with a series of contact fingers 64 corresponding to the fixed contacts 44, the contact member 61 being connected with a suitable source of electric current. The shaft 44 and the contact member 41 may be rotated to bring all the contact fingers. into engagement with the corresponding fixed contacts 44 in any suitable manner, as by a knob 44 secured to the shaft 44.

For the purpose of moving the movable contact in the present instance, the closure 22 is provided I Y with cooperating members, one of which is actuated by the shaft I0 to operate the other memher. In the construction shown these members are in the nature of clutch members H and I! having on their adjacent faces a cooperating series .of ratchetteeth. The clutch member I! is rigidly connected with the shaft 44 and the clutch member II is rigidly connected with the magnetically operated shaft It. A spring 14 connected with an arm 14 secured to the shaft 14 tends to move the clutch member H to and retain the same in its normal 'position. The normal positions of the two clutch members are such that when the magnet is energized the axial movement of the shaft will move the clutch member-Ii able for engaging and releasing the end of and v supporting the lever of a bomb release of a type slightly different from that above referredto and which utilizes a single lever in the release of the bombs. nected with one end of a spring 51 the other end of which is connected with a stud 54 one. fixed A second arm 46 of the lever is coninto operative relation with the clutch member 12 and willthenrotate both clutch members a distance sufficient to move the movable contact 41 one step. 'When the magnet is deenergized the clutch member II is restored to its inoperative the shaft and armature to their initial positions 7 when the magnet has been deenergized. The

third arm 53 is for actuating a movable part of the mechanism with which the device is associated, suchas actuating a switch member associated with the bomb release. The operation of this device is substantially the same as that of the device previously described except that the rotatory movement of the shaft is utilized to effect the desired control or operation.

of the invention adapted to impart step by step movementto a part to be actuated, this form of the device having been designed primarily for controlling lights which indicate to the bombardierwhich bombs remain in the bomb bay. It is custoray to arrange at the bombardiers station a series of lamps which are associated respectively with the several bomb supporting devices in the bomb bay. As each bomb is released the associated lamp is extinguished so that the bombardier at all times knows which bombs remain in the bomb bay. The magnetically operated device of this embodiment is in general similar to the device shown in Figs. 7 to 10 and the structure 44 is mounted in and supported by a plate 40 forming a part of a main supporting structure which also carries the device to be operated. that is, the

switch for controlling the bomb lamps. This device to be operated comprises a plate 4| rigidly i In Figs. 11 to is there is shown an embodiment position but the clutch member 12 and the movable contaet member remain in: the positions to which they are moved, Thus after the movable contact member has been moved to a position to close all the circuits the successive energization of the magnet will move the movable contact member step by step to successively open the lamp circuits. The plate 4! is provided with stops l4 and 14 to limit the movement of the movable contact member and the end fingers of that contact member are of increased width to check the movement of the contact member with one or more of the fingers in accurate contact position with relation to one or more of the fixed contacts 44, and this increased width also strengthens the end fingers and tends to prevent distortion by their contact with the steps. In the present arrangement the stop .16 is so positioned as to interrupt the circuit opening movement of the contact member while the last of the contact fingers 44 is in engagement with the last of the fixed contacts 44, as in this instance it is desirable to maintain the illumination of one lamp. The plate 4| is also provided with a series of buttons 11 corresponding in size and shape. to .the fixed contacts which are arranged to be engaged by and to support the contact fingers 44 and. the supporting member 41 while the fingers are out of engagement with the fixed contacts.

That embodiment of the device illustrated in- Figs. .16 to 19 is adapted to impart continuous associated recesses, are substantially the same as those shown in Fig. 1 but minor changes have been made therein to permit. of and to cause con- ",tinuous rotary movement of the armature. The

ascaeao 7 plate 85, which is rigidly connected with the armature 82, is of polygonal shape so as to provide the same with a plurality of, in the present instance five, angles or corners which constitute actuating points, as will be. hereinafter described. The plate 85 is provided with a single annular recess or ball race 86 and the wall of the structure 88 is provided with a continuous ball race 81 opposed to the race 88 and having an undulating bottom wall 88, which in the present instance is provided with five high points 88, the peaks of which are spaced equal distances one from the other. Each section of the bottom wall slopes from the peak of one high point to the point of greatest depth of the race 81 and then slopes upwardly to the peak of the succeeding high point. Arranged between the plate 85 and the structure 88 is a spacing device 88 having openings to receive a plurality of balls 84 which move in the

races

86 and 81, the centers of the openings being spaced apart the same distances as the peaks of the high points of the race 81. The device as a whole is preferably but not necessarily supported in an upright position with the structure 85 above the armature 82 so that the plate rests upon the balls. When the balls are in the positions shown in Fig. 19, in which positions they are in engagement with the high portions of the race 18 just beyond the peaks, the energization of the magnet will cause the balls to move down the inclined surfaces of the race, thereby causing the plate 85, the spacer 88 and armature 82 :to rotate and during the energization of the magnet these parts will acquire a momentum sufficient to carry each ball up the succeeding inf.

clined surface and over the peak of the next high point. Thus by again energizing the magnet just after the balls pass their respective high points another impulse is imparted to the armature, plate and balls which will carry the same through another step in the rotation thereof. By intermittently energizing the magnet as the balls pass over the respective high points of the race the armature and plate may be maintained in continuous rotation.

In order to automatically close and open the magnet circuit at the proper intervals I have provided a switch for connection in the magnet circuit and for operation by the plate 85. This switch comprises two resilient members 82 and 83 which are rigidly connected one with the other at one end of the switch and are mounted at that point on a fixed support, not shown. Adjacent their other ends the

bars

82 and 88 are provided respectively with

contact points

84 and 85, the resiliency of the contact member 88 tending to move the contact point 85 to an inoperative position. The contact member or bar 88 is arranged to be engaged successively by the corners or actuating points 86 of the plate 85. A stop 81 limits the movement of the contact bar 84 toward the plate 85 and when none of the corners or actuating points of the plate 85 are in contact with the bar 83 the contacts will be separated and the magnet will be deenergized. The contact points and balls are 50 arranged with relation to the undulations of the race 81 thatthe actuating points of the plate will engage the resilient bar 88 as the balls move up the inclinations and thus move the contact 85 into engagement with the contact 84 just as the balls move over the peaks of the respective high points of the race. The contact is effected an instant before the balls pass the high points but they will be on the down- Wardly sloping surfaces by the time the energiza- 7s tion of the magnet imparts movement to the plate. Due to the fact that the contact 85 engages the contact 84 before the movement of the bar 88 by the plate 85 has been completed the resilient bar 82 will yield and both

contacts

84 and 85 will be. moved against the resilience thereof. Thus after the magnets have been energized the circuit will be maintained closed until the actuating point 88 of the plate has moved far enough topermit the bar 82 to engage the stop 81 and the bar 88 to move with relation to the bar 82 and separate the contacts. In this manner the energization of the magnet is maintained for an interval long enough to impart the desired movement to the plate. The movement of the plate may be initiated by hand or in any other suitable manner. In the absence of other controlling means the plate 85 could be rotated to a position which would move the balls over the high points and close the circuit through the magnet. Thereafter the rotation of the plate will make and break the circuit. A device of this kind could find its use in actuating light loads, such for example as display devices or amusement' devices. The device to be operated may be connected with the shaft or rotatable plate in any suitable manner and in some cases the device to be operated might merely be placed upon and supported by a plate 85.

That embodiment illustrated in Figs. 20 and 21 is of such a character that the shaft and the part connected therewith may be moved to a given position by one energization of the device and then returned to its initial position by a second energization of the device, and it is useful for a variety of purposes, such as opening a valve, or switch, by pressing a push button and then closing the same valve or switch by pressing a second push button. To accomplish this I have provided a duplex magnet which in the form here shown comprises a single core I88 having oppositely projecting axial portions about each of which is mounted a magnetizing coil, III and I82. Supported in opposed relation to the ends of the core are two armatures I88 and I84 which are rigidly connected with a shaft I85 so that when one armature is attracted the other armature will be moved away from the core and the shaft will move with the armatures. The plates I88 and I81 are rigidly connected with the respective armatures and balls I88 are supported in inclined recesses in the lates and in the walls of the casing I88, which encloses the coils, so that as each armature moves toward the core rotatory movement will be imparted to the plates, armatures and shaft. The arrangement of the ball races is such that the armature I88 will rotate in one direction as it moves toward the core and the armature I84 will move in the opposite direction as it moves toward the core. Thus by energizing the coil I8I the armature I88 and the shaft will be moved axially in one direction and rotatorily in one direction, the armature I84 rotating in the same direction. when the coil I82 is energized and the armature I84 is moved toward the core the shaft will move axially in a reverse direction and the armature I84 will rotate in a direction reverse to that in which it was rotated by the armature I88, thus restoring the parts to the positions they occupied prior to the energization of the coil III.

While I have shown and described several embodiments of my invention I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the I details thereof as various other modifications may relation the first mentioned part, said parts having in their opposed surfaces a plurality of movement and for rotatory movement with relation thereto, a member fixed with relation to said Y magnet, a second member connected with said armature for movement thereby toward the first I mentioned member, said members having a plurality of pairs of opposed inclined surfaces, androtatable elements supported between said members in rolling engagement with the inclined surfaces of the respective pairs of surfaces to cause said second member to rotate when it is I moved toward theflrst mentioned member by said magnet.

2. A device comprising a' structure including an electro-magnet, an armature supported by .said structure for movement toward and from said magnet, parts connected respectively with said armature and said structure and arranged in opposed relation oneto the other, said parts having a plurality of pairs of opposed inclined surfaces, and rotatable elements arranged between said parts in rolling engagement with the in- .clined surfaces of the respective pairs of surfaces, the arrangement of said rotatable elements with relation to said inclined surfaces being such that the relative movement of said inclined surfaces and said rotatable elements by the movement of saidarmature toward-said magnet will impart rotary movement to said armature.

ends of said recesses, whereby the movement of said armature toward said magnet will impart rotary movement to .thepart connected with said armature. I

pairs of recesses, the recessesof each pair having inclined bottom surfaces, and balls-supported in the respective pairs of recesses and so arranged with relation thereto that the axial movement of the first mentioned part with said arma-' ture will impart rotatory movement to said first mentioned part.

'6. A device 'comprisinga structure including an electro-magnet, an armature supported by said structure for axial movement by said magnet, a plate connected with said armature for axial *movement therewith, said plate. and a wall of said structure having a plurality of pairs of-opposed arcuate recesses, the bottom surfaces of each pair of recesses being inclined in opposite directions with the shallow portions of saidrecesses normally in overlapplng rela'tion one to the other, and balls arranged normally between said overlapping portions of the recesses of the respective pairs of recesses to cause said plate to rotate when it is moved toward said wall of said structure.

7. A device comprising -a structure including an electro-magnet, an armature supported by said structure for axial movement by said armature and for rotatory movement, g-plate rigidly connected to said armature, said plate and a wall of said structure havlng'a plurality of pairs of opposedarcuate recesses, each provided with an inclined bottom surface, and balls supported in the respective pairs of recesses andso arranged with relation thereto that the axial movement of said plate with said armature will impart, rotatory movement to both said plate and said armature.

connected to said armature, said plate and a wall of said structure having a plurality of pairs of 4. A device comprising a structure including an electro-magnet, an armature supported by said structure for movement toward and from said magnet, parts connected respectively with said armature and said structure and arranged in opposed relation one to the other, said. parts having a plurality of pairs of recesses, the receases of each pair being provided with inclined bottom surfaces, that portion of each bottom surface which is adjacent the shallow end of its an electro-magnet, anarmature supported by.

said structure for axial movementby said magopposed arcuate recesses,,each recess having an inclined bottom surface, balls supported in the respective pairs of recesses and 50 arranged with relationthereto that the axial movement-of said plate with said armature will impart rotatory movement to both said plate and said armature. and a part connected with said armature for controlling a device to be operated.

9. A device comprising a structure including an electro-maguet, a shaft mounted in said stru'cture,'an armature connected with said shaft for axial movement by; said magnet, a plate secured to said armature, said plate and a wall of said structure having a plurality of pairs of opposed recesses, each having an elongate inclined bottom surface, balls seated in the respective pairs of recesses and so arranged that the axial movenet, a part connected with said armature for v f axial movement therewith, a part fixed with relation to said structure and arranged in opposed ment of said armature by said magnet will impart rotatory movement to said plate and said armature, and means for transmitting said rota tory movement to said shaft.

10. A device comprising a structure including 11 said shaft for controlling the operation of a dc-v vice to be operated.

11. A device comprising a structure including an electro-magnet and having an opening in one wall thereof, a shaft mounted in said structure for both axial and rotatory movement, an arma-' ture rigidly secured to said shaft and supported in the opening in said wall, a plate rigidly secured to said armature in spaced relation to said wall, said plate and said wall having a. plurality of pairs of opposed arcuate recesses, the bottom surfaces of the recesses of each pair being inclined in opposite directions, and the shallow portions of said recesses being normally in overlapping relation, and balls supported between the overlapping portions of the respective pairs of recesses.

12. A device of the character described comprising an eleetro-magnet and an armature, means for supporting said armature for both axial and rotary movement with relation to said magnet, said means including a stationary portion and a movable portion, said portions having cooperating surfaces so shaped and related as to provide an accurately defined path of movement for said armature such that axial movement of said armature at constant speed toward said magnet will cause said armature to rotate at a rotational speed which substantially continuously increases throughout its path of movement.

13. A device comprising an electro-magnet, an armature for said magnet mounted for axial movement and for rotary movement with relation thereto, a member fixed with relation to said magnet, a second member connected with said armature for movement thereby toward the first mentioned member, said members having a plurality of pairs of opposed inclined surfaces and rotatable elements supported between said members in rolling engagement with the inclined surfaces of the respective pairs of surfaces to cause said second member to rotate when it is moved toward the first mentioned member by said magnet, and spring means acting on said second member to preload said rotatable elements and prevent the displacement thereof when said magnet is deenergized.

14. A device comprising an electro-magnet, a rotatable armature supported for axial movement toward and from said magnet, means controlled by said axial movement of said armature for imparting rotatory movement thereto, a member connected with said armature for rotatory movement therewith to effect two functions, a part forming a stop connected with said armature for rotatory movement therewith, a second stop supported independently of said armature for movement into and out of an operative position in which it will be engaged by the first mentioned stop after the first of said functions has been effected and before the second of said functions has been effected, and means for moving said second stop into and out of said operative position.

15. A device comprising a casing having opposed walls, a core carried by one of said walls and extending into said casing, a magnetizing coil extending about said core, the shaft mounted in said core for both axial movement and rotary movement, an armature rigidly secured to said shaft and extending through the opposing wall of said casing, a, part rigid with said armature and overlapping the outer surface of the lastmentioned wall, and means cooperating with said part and said last-mentioned wall to impart rol2 tary movement to said armahn'e when the latter is moved axially.

18. A mechanism comprising a supporting structure, an electro-magnet supported by said structure, an axially movable armature for said magnet, means controlled by the axial movement to said armature toward said magnet for imparting rotatory movement to said armature, a shaft connected with said armature for axial movement and rotatory movement thereby, a device to be operated including a shaft substantially in alinement with the first mentioned shaft, clutch members secured to the adjacent ends of the respective shafts and having on their adjacent faces cooperating series of ratchet teeth, whereby the movements of the first mentioned shaft by said armature will move the clutch member thereof into engagement with the other clutch member and then actuate the latter.

17. A mechanism comprising a supporting structure, an electro-magnet supported by said structure, an axially movable armature for said magnet, means controlled by the axial movement to said armature toward said magnet for imparting rotatory movement to said armature, a shaft connected with said armature for axial movement and rotatory movement thereby, a device to be operated including a shaft substantially in alinement with the first mentioned shaft, clutch members secured to the adjacent ends of the respective shafts and having on their adjacent faces cooperating series of ratchet teeth, whereby the movements of the first mentioned shaft by said armature will move the clutch member thereof into engagement with the other clutch member andthen actuate the latter, and yieldable means for moving the clutch member of the first mentioned shaft out of engagement with said other clutch member and for rotating the same in a reverse direction.

18. A unitary device comprising two separately energizable electro-magnets arranged side by side, separate armatures supported at the outer sides of said magnets and movable axially in o posite directions by the respective magnets, a shaft rigidly connected with said armatures to cause both armatures to move axially in the same direction upon the energization of either magnet, means controlled by the movement of one of said armatures toward its magnet for rotating said shaft in one direction, and means controlled by the movement of the other of said armatures toward its magnet for rotating said shaft in the other direction, each of said means including a part fixed with relation to said magnets, a part carried by said armature in opposed relation to the first mentioned part, said parts having a plurality of pairs of opposed inclined surfaces and rotatable elements supported between and in rolling engagement with the inclined surfaces of the respective pairs of surfaces.

19. A unitary structure comprising a single core, separately energizable coils supported about the respective ends of said core, an armature at each end of said core, separate means including a shaft rigidly connected with both armatures for supporting each of the respective armatures for axial movement toward said core by the energization of the adjacent coil, means controlled by the axial movement of the respective armatures for impartin rotary movement thereto in opposite directions, each of said controlled means including a part fixed with relation to said core and a part secured to one of said armatures, said parts having a plurality of pairs of opposed in- 13 cllned surfaces, and rotatable elements supported Number between said parts in rolling engagement with 1,222,431 the respective pairs of inclined surfaces and so 1,784,921 arranged with relation thereto that the axial 1,802,459 movement of either of said armatures by the en- 5 1,807,955 erglzation of the adjacent coll will impart rotary 2,216,935 movement to both armatures. 2,310,138 GEORGE H. LELAND. 2,353,756 2,377,244 REFERENCES CITED 1 The following references are of record in the N be flle of this patent: r

859,975 UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 10 771,323 Ferret Oct. 4.1904

14 Name Date McCarthy Apr. 10, 1917 Wledner June 17, 1930 Caruso Apr. 28, 1931 Apple June 2, 1931 Breltensteln Oct. 8, 1940 Whlttaker Feb. 2, 1943 Price July 18, 1944 Kauyoumjlan May 29, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany May 14, 1938