US2474702A - Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor - Google Patents
Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2474702A US2474702A US609959A US60995945A US2474702A US 2474702 A US2474702 A US 2474702A US 609959 A US609959 A US 609959A US 60995945 A US60995945 A US 60995945A US 2474702 A US2474702 A US 2474702A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- fuel
- heater
- air
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
- F23C2700/02—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel
- F23C2700/023—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel without pre-vaporising means
Definitions
- Another object of my invention is to provide a new and improved internal combustion heater wherein partial surface'combustion is provided to increase stability of operation, produce better vaporization of liquid fuel, and provide better mixing of fuel and air.
- Another jobiect of my invention is to provide an internal combustion type heater having improved means for insuring quick starting of the heater.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having a new'and improved arrangement of the combustionsurface.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having new and improvedmeans for introducing and intermixing fuel and air.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having new and improved means for introducin fuel and air into the combustion chamber and discharging products of combustion therefrom whereby a minimum pressure drop across the combustion chamber produces a maximum turbulence and intermixing of fuel and air therein.
- Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view through a heater burner embodying the present invention.
- That form of my invention illustrated in the drawings comprises a sheet metal casing l provided with a sheet metal bracket l2 whereby the heater may be attached to a supporting structure such as the fire wall which separates the engine compartment from the passenger compartment of an automotive vehicle.
- a combustion chamber 20 of generally cylindrical form Located in the casing I0 is a combustion chamber 20 of generally cylindrical form.
- This combustion chamber is supplied with fuel by Way of Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a dea jet 22 mounted in a combustion air supply tube 24 and terminatin in a'small orifice 26 slightly to one side of the circular wall of the combustion chamber adjacent the upper end of this chamber.
- the jet is arranged to discharge fuel in a direction which makes an oblique angle to the circular combustionchamber as clearly indicated in Fig. 1.
- the jet22 and. pipe '24 extend through the bracket l2 and fire wall and apipe 2'! supplies gasolineor other suitable fuel tothe jet 22.
- the pipe 21 may be connected to any suitablesource' of supply and a convenient arrangementis to connect this.
- any suitable reducing means may be interposed between the jet 22 and .the fuel pump to reduce the pressure" on thejet 22 tothadesired amount.
- Combustion-air enters suitable openings provided in the left hand end of the combustion air supply-pipe '24 as indicated by the arrowin Fig. 1. This air flows around the jet 22 and keeps this jet and the fuel therein relatively cool. Combustion air enters the combustion chamber 20 tangentially and flowing in the same direction as the fuel squirted from the orifice 26. This particular arrangement has the advantage of preventing carbonization of fuel in the jet 22 by maintaining this jet below the temperature at which carbonization occurs.
- the incoming fuel and air are directed against a downwardly inclined portion 3
- I provide a trough 32 having a central outlet 34 of relatively small area. This outlet is formed by punching a triangular shaped tongue 36 out of the sheet metal wall 38 of the trough. This tongue extends downwardly into the upper gases in this combustion chamber.
- the igniter coil 44 will vaporize part of the liquid fuel thereby forming a rich mixture of fuel and air which will ignite readily to initiate combustion. After the heater has attained normal operating temperature, the igniter coil 44 may be deenergized by the usual thermostatic control.
- the hot products of combustion created in the combustion chamber 20 are discharged from this chamber into the central chamber 46 of a heat exchanger 48, by way of the circular opening 50 in a partition 52 separating the combustion chamber 2!] from the chamber 46.
- the partition 52 confines the discharge of gases from the combustion chamber to the vortex of the whirling.
- the tangential entry of both the fuel and combustion air to the combustion chamber and the exit of products of combustion from the vortex of the whirling, gases in this chamber insures the utilization 'of the maximum initial energy of both the combustion air and fuel for intermixing fuel and air to promote complete and efficient combustion of the fuel.
- the pipe 58 extends through the fire wall l4 and bracket l2 in spaced relation thereto and to a surrounding sleeve 60 so that no appreciable amount of heat is transferred to the fire wall or bracket from the pipe 58.
- the pipe 58 is connected to an electrically driven suction fan or other suitable source of suction which serves to draw the combustion air into the combustion side of the heater and the products of combustion therefrom.
- a ventilating air fan driven by an electric motor or other suitable means may be used for circulating air to be heated through the heat exchanger passages !4 and out an opening in the casing covered by a louvered grill 60.
- This grill is secured to the casing by a nut and bolt 86 and the position of the grill may be adjusted by moving a knob 90 attached thereto.
- a heater of the class described comprising means providing a combustion chamber which is of circular cross section in a Vertical plane, means for introducing fuel and air into the upper part of said chamber at an oblique angle to a combustion surface of the chamber Wall, a trough adjacent the lower end of said combustion surface and adapted to collect liquid fuel, means providing a pocket below said trough and above the bottom of said chamber, an igniter in said pocket, said trough having a restricted opening located above said pocket, and a tongue extending downwardly from said trough and directing liquid fuel into said pocket.
Description
June 28, 1949. SPACKMAN 2,474,702
HEATER BURNER, PARTICULARLY FUEL DELIVERY AND IGNITING MEANS THEREFOR Filed Aug. 10, 1945 merztn 9 gm M Patented June 28, 1949 UNITED "STATES PATENT oFFICE HEATER BURN R; rmrrconmrrronrl DELIVERY AND:IGNITING MEANS THERE- FOR Thomas F.Spackman, Chicagb. 111., assignor to Stewart-Warner Corporationjchicago, 111., a corporation of Virginia -Application August 10, 1945,'Serial"No.1509;959
'1 Claiml (Cl. 158 -28) burning, produces less noise, requires less pressure drop across the heater, and requires less power to operate than the heaters of the prior. art.
Another object of my invention is to provide a new and improved internal combustion heater wherein partial surface'combustion is provided to increase stability of operation, produce better vaporization of liquid fuel, and provide better mixing of fuel and air.
Another jobiect of my invention is to provide an internal combustion type heater having improved means for insuring quick starting of the heater.
Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having a new'and improved arrangement of the combustionsurface.
Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having new and improvedmeans for introducing and intermixing fuel and air.
Another object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion heater having new and improved means for introducin fuel and air into the combustion chamber and discharging products of combustion therefrom whereby a minimum pressure drop across the combustion chamber produces a maximum turbulence and intermixing of fuel and air therein.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the description proceeds.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view through a heater burner embodying the present invention; and
tail and is taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
That form of my invention illustrated in the drawings comprises a sheet metal casing l provided with a sheet metal bracket l2 whereby the heater may be attached to a supporting structure such as the fire wall which separates the engine compartment from the passenger compartment of an automotive vehicle.
Located in the casing I0 is a combustion chamber 20 of generally cylindrical form. This combustion chamber is supplied with fuel by Way of Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a dea jet 22 mounted in a combustion air supply tube 24 and terminatin in a'small orifice 26 slightly to one side of the circular wall of the combustion chamber adjacent the upper end of this chamber. 3 The jet is arranged to discharge fuel in a direction which makes an oblique angle to the circular combustionchamber as clearly indicated in Fig. 1. The jet22 and. pipe '24 extend through the bracket l2 and fire wall and apipe 2'! supplies gasolineor other suitable fuel tothe jet 22. The pipe 21 may be connected to any suitablesource' of supply and a convenient arrangementis to connect this. pipe to the lineconnecting the automobile engine fuel pump with theengine carburetor so .thatfuel is delivered to the jet 22-.under aslight'head. Thisheadis preferably equal to approximately six or eight inches of gasoline sotha'tthefuel will squirt out of the orifice with sufficient force to strike the opposite wall an (Fig. 1) of the combustion chamber. Where the forceexerted bythe engine fuel pump is greaterthanthe desired head, any suitable reducing means may be interposed between the jet 22 and .the fuel pump to reduce the pressure" on thejet 22 tothadesired amount.
Combustion-air enters suitable openings provided in the left hand end of the combustion air supply-pipe '24 as indicated by the arrowin Fig. 1. This air flows around the jet 22 and keeps this jet and the fuel therein relatively cool. Combustion air enters the combustion chamber 20 tangentially and flowing in the same direction as the fuel squirted from the orifice 26. This particular arrangement has the advantage of preventing carbonization of fuel in the jet 22 by maintaining this jet below the temperature at which carbonization occurs. Between the end of jet 22 and the combustion chamber proper is a zone in which carbonization of the fuel might readily occur, but the fuel is squirted through this Zone by the small pressure head maintained on the jet 22 so that the fuel enters directly into the combustion chamber without previous carbonization but with some partial premixing with the combustion air.
The incoming fuel and air are directed against a downwardly inclined portion 3|] of the curved wall of the combustion chamber, and this downwardly inclined or curved surface constitutes what is hereinafter referred to as the combustion surface. At the lower end of this combustion surface, I provide a trough 32 having a central outlet 34 of relatively small area. This outlet is formed by punching a triangular shaped tongue 36 out of the sheet metal wall 38 of the trough. This tongue extends downwardly into the upper gases in this combustion chamber.
along the inner surface of the tongue 38 and be directed by this tongue into the igniter pocket 46 as indicated in Fig. 1. The heat of the igniter coil 44 will vaporize part of the liquid fuel thereby forming a rich mixture of fuel and air which will ignite readily to initiate combustion. After the heater has attained normal operating temperature, the igniter coil 44 may be deenergized by the usual thermostatic control.
When the heater is operating normally, part of the fuel will be burned immediately adjacent the surface 36. This partial surface combustion produces improved vaporization of the fuel, better mixing of the fuel and air and a more uniform and stabilized combustion. Any liquid fuel which traverses the combustion surface is collected in the trough 32 between the hot walls 38 and 40 thereof and is quickly vaporized by the heat of these Walls.
The hot products of combustion created in the combustion chamber 20 are discharged from this chamber into the central chamber 46 of a heat exchanger 48, by way of the circular opening 50 in a partition 52 separating the combustion chamber 2!] from the chamber 46. The partition 52 confines the discharge of gases from the combustion chamber to the vortex of the whirling The tangential entry of both the fuel and combustion air to the combustion chamber and the exit of products of combustion from the vortex of the whirling, gases in this chamber insures the utilization 'of the maximum initial energy of both the combustion air and fuel for intermixing fuel and air to promote complete and efficient combustion of the fuel.
Products of combustion flow from the chamber 46 through slot-like opening 54 into the passageway 56 in the heat exchanger 48 and are discharged through pipe 58. The pipe 58 extends through the fire wall l4 and bracket l2 in spaced relation thereto and to a surrounding sleeve 60 so that no appreciable amount of heat is transferred to the fire wall or bracket from the pipe 58. The pipe 58 is connected to an electrically driven suction fan or other suitable source of suction which serves to draw the combustion air into the combustion side of the heater and the products of combustion therefrom.
A ventilating air fan driven by an electric motor or other suitable means may be used for circulating air to be heated through the heat exchanger passages !4 and out an opening in the casing covered by a louvered grill 60. This grill is secured to the casing by a nut and bolt 86 and the position of the grill may be adjusted by moving a knob 90 attached thereto.
What I claim as new and useful and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
A heater of the class described, comprising means providing a combustion chamber which is of circular cross section in a Vertical plane, means for introducing fuel and air into the upper part of said chamber at an oblique angle to a combustion surface of the chamber Wall, a trough adjacent the lower end of said combustion surface and adapted to collect liquid fuel, means providing a pocket below said trough and above the bottom of said chamber, an igniter in said pocket, said trough having a restricted opening located above said pocket, and a tongue extending downwardly from said trough and directing liquid fuel into said pocket.
THOMAS F. SPACKMAN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 718,859 Mosteller Jan. 30, 1903 1,990,695 Jerome Feb. 12, 1935 2,072,731 Crosby Mar. 2, 1937 2,318,476 Evans et al. May 4, 1943 2,373,766 McCollum Apr. 17, 1945 2,382,800 Logue Aug. 14, 1945 2,395,418 McCollum Feb. 26, 1946 2,417,604 McCollum Mar. 18, 1947
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US609959A US2474702A (en) | 1945-08-10 | 1945-08-10 | Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US609959A US2474702A (en) | 1945-08-10 | 1945-08-10 | Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2474702A true US2474702A (en) | 1949-06-28 |
Family
ID=24443035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US609959A Expired - Lifetime US2474702A (en) | 1945-08-10 | 1945-08-10 | Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2474702A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2751973A (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1956-06-26 | Milwaukee Gas Specialty Co | Electric igniter |
DE975707C (en) * | 1952-10-23 | 1962-06-14 | Eberspaecher J | Installation on liquid fuel burners of space heaters |
DE1218688B (en) * | 1961-06-28 | 1966-06-08 | Horst Geb | Air heater fired with liquid or gaseous fuel for heating large rooms, especially factory halls |
DE1248259B (en) * | 1960-11-05 | 1967-08-24 | Eberspaecher J | Installation on atomizer burner firing systems, in particular space heaters |
DE1275742B (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1968-08-22 | Eberspaecher J | Heating device for heating motor vehicles or the like. |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US718859A (en) * | 1902-07-26 | 1903-01-20 | Dosier H Mosteller | Liquid-fuel burner. |
US1990695A (en) * | 1930-04-05 | 1935-02-12 | U S Pressed Steel Company | Oil-burning heater |
US2072731A (en) * | 1934-12-03 | 1937-03-02 | Steam Motors Inc | Oil burner |
US2318476A (en) * | 1939-11-28 | 1943-05-04 | Evans Prod Co | Space heater |
US2373766A (en) * | 1938-04-06 | 1945-04-17 | Mccollum Thelma | Automobile heater |
US2382800A (en) * | 1942-02-06 | 1945-08-14 | Julia E Logue | Forced draft heater |
US2395418A (en) * | 1943-07-16 | 1946-02-26 | Mccollum Thelma | Heater |
US2417604A (en) * | 1943-03-06 | 1947-03-18 | Stewart Warner Corp | Heater having means for diverting and igniting a fuel-air mixture |
-
1945
- 1945-08-10 US US609959A patent/US2474702A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US718859A (en) * | 1902-07-26 | 1903-01-20 | Dosier H Mosteller | Liquid-fuel burner. |
US1990695A (en) * | 1930-04-05 | 1935-02-12 | U S Pressed Steel Company | Oil-burning heater |
US2072731A (en) * | 1934-12-03 | 1937-03-02 | Steam Motors Inc | Oil burner |
US2373766A (en) * | 1938-04-06 | 1945-04-17 | Mccollum Thelma | Automobile heater |
US2318476A (en) * | 1939-11-28 | 1943-05-04 | Evans Prod Co | Space heater |
US2382800A (en) * | 1942-02-06 | 1945-08-14 | Julia E Logue | Forced draft heater |
US2417604A (en) * | 1943-03-06 | 1947-03-18 | Stewart Warner Corp | Heater having means for diverting and igniting a fuel-air mixture |
US2395418A (en) * | 1943-07-16 | 1946-02-26 | Mccollum Thelma | Heater |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2751973A (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1956-06-26 | Milwaukee Gas Specialty Co | Electric igniter |
DE975707C (en) * | 1952-10-23 | 1962-06-14 | Eberspaecher J | Installation on liquid fuel burners of space heaters |
DE1275742B (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1968-08-22 | Eberspaecher J | Heating device for heating motor vehicles or the like. |
DE1248259B (en) * | 1960-11-05 | 1967-08-24 | Eberspaecher J | Installation on atomizer burner firing systems, in particular space heaters |
DE1218688B (en) * | 1961-06-28 | 1966-06-08 | Horst Geb | Air heater fired with liquid or gaseous fuel for heating large rooms, especially factory halls |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2410881A (en) | Heating apparatus | |
US2286853A (en) | Heater | |
US2517015A (en) | Combustion chamber with shielded fuel nozzle | |
US3777975A (en) | Space heater having a heating air flow duct with a heat exchanger for engine cooling water and one for combustion gases | |
US3368604A (en) | Combustion apparatus | |
US3543742A (en) | Heater for burning liquid fuel,primarily benzine,especially extraneous heater for motor vehicles | |
US2443707A (en) | Hot-air heater with fuel vaporizer and air mixer | |
US2779398A (en) | Forced draft liquid fuel burner of the retort type, and heating apparatus incorporating the same | |
US2474702A (en) | Heater burner, particularly fuel delivery and igniting means therefor | |
US2492756A (en) | Fuel vaporizing and combustion apparatus | |
US2411663A (en) | Heater | |
US2474687A (en) | Compact forced-air heater | |
US2471833A (en) | Combustion heater with fuel retaining trough and igniter pocket | |
US2452779A (en) | Combustion heater having air preheating and carbureting means | |
US1684079A (en) | Liquid-fuel burner and control mechanism therefor | |
US5232153A (en) | Arrangement for the reduction of the exhaust gas temperature in heating devices | |
US2876763A (en) | Multiple fuel burner and space heater | |
USRE28679E (en) | Burners | |
USRE24682E (en) | johnson | |
US1379178A (en) | Inclosed combustion apparatus and method of ignition | |
US3402985A (en) | Burner recirculating chamber construction | |
US2332094A (en) | Automobile heater | |
US2395418A (en) | Heater | |
US2517399A (en) | Heater having means to recirculate partially cooled products of combustion | |
US3361184A (en) | Heater |