US2474232A

US2474232A - Safety control device

Info

Publication number: US2474232A
Application number: US544971A
Authority: US
Inventors: Dach Max
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-07-14
Filing date: 1944-07-14
Publication date: 1949-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1966-06-28

Description

June 28, 1949. c 2,474,232

SAFETY CONTROL DEVICE 7 Filed July 14, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jifrwe .9

June 28, 1949. M. DACH SAFETY CONTROL DEVICE 2 Shee ts-Sheet 2 Filed July 14, 1944 INVENTOR. Jl l-aoc Bach,

Wifnesses Patented June 28, 1949 This zinvention relatesa-tei control apparatus roe engines andi morea-partieul'arl-y' when inounted i-n vehicles or machines propelled by en-ginese IILthe' operationlof motor vehicles and particularly'vehiclesoflth'e heavierztype such asbuses:and trucks; it; is; highlyvimportanit to conserve the life of: the engine: itv 'iSFsdBSHQblE thatmacings-of ar cold engines.beravoidedi.a Eris-likewise:desirable that the engine benot' aperatedsbevondlthemaxi muml temperature:

I In vehiclesof ztheatypeghavingtbrakesrdependent:- upon airpressure; it .is: likewise; important;- the vehicle be not-operateth until sufficient air-is; available to control-vita;

It. is. an ,objeetnfrmy invention to' provideaa-multiple' control= means centered ina sin lea'elementt: to make operation-of. a. vehicle difiicult, but, not impossible when the engineisaeold when the tem;- perature.v is too, fhiglL-lwherrv ainpressure falls "be low a safetyilevel,.whenatheloil pressure drops below a. predetermined minimum,- or Whe n-the, doors are opengorjwhen the engine, speedor, ve-v liifel'e speed" exceeds aipredeterminedi maximum While there are numerous; gages and devices. to indicate to an operator anyioi theforegoi'ng conditions these gages. may' bei overlb'okedand ,a vehicle -damagedor unnecessariltaged k'iy a care;- less operator:

It an object or this invention to; arrange proper controls: irr ai cooperatin g relationship? wherebyany one" of lthefibre'gfi ihg' cfonditijons will." beforeibly' broughthome to thedriver. in' such :a Way as tomake operation ofthei vehitzle'- diflieult' and to causeithe-i-driver' to take" steps" to' correct such 'a conditionbefore any' damage isdone;

It is'afurther object"to --leave"the vehicle 'inan, operable condition so: tliat'it'may' be driven. in spite of the-controls andthusavoid the possibility; of accidents due to stalling on tracks, the; middle of the street or elsewhere:

Other -obj e'cts -=and* advantages 1 of my invention" will! become apparent from'- the accompanying drawing and the following description;

In the drawings Figure 1'= showsa, rormmf mydnvention applied t'ota temperature' oontrol- -and tbthe-oil tank";

Figc 2 shows a modification applied to" max'iev mum:andl minimumitemperature units;

Fig; :3 shows a composite-cooperative system in which all of: the various controlsare linked to-a sing-1e;indieatingi meansz Referring:morerpartieularly to the'drawing, in- Figure lithereoi lifliind'icat'es the QICGGI BY'BI'tOI WhiCH isapiizote'dzat::l l:andahus:tlieaarmizlzipivoted at 'l'if with :thea -mds.=.| 43 extending to the carburetor lh amt. operating in'a theconventional. manner.- Mountedion the rod; M. i'ss1a depending 1ever..lBi fasteneditheret'mat Mi andldesignedto move with: the-rod3 Ml Alcylinder 20 is mounted on-a suit able. supporimz l and; contains a: piston 2-2 which: would normally be pressed: against the endi 23K ofithe-cylinder 2flibyrmeans ofispring'lzAL. Plunger msha'sfi ai shaft 1 2 5 extending.. through1 the. bracket z'sfliiwit h a sto member 21: mounted thereon; Suitable tubing; 31h leads from the-rend 23: of I the cylinder: ZElL toraLtheI-Ymal.elementJBil; The thermed element. .31 is of' the conventional type and; may-tbeec'ontrolled by'armercury tube -or otherwise sefilto: react? at"; a predetermined temperature to.

. closezthe valve: 32i-int'o itslseat 33". Leading from tliexthermaii units-ill is -aitube fi connected: to the compressed airf-tankitfir- Where asingle control basediupon the pressureiinthe tank 361s desired" the thermal uni 3 I maybe-el'iminated/and the tubing oonneoted'd'irectly tothe-tank 36; However; in the; form shown, an dualmontrol based on temperatureaandi ai-r pressure ispresentted.

Ita'will be appreciatedlthatas long as the temperaturetin'sthe engine is belbw a vdangerous -max-i-- mumtheizvalve 32 willirem'ain. open: and'air can passlvfremi the tank into the cylinder: 20. The spring 24 isczofi predetermined: strength so that when sufficienirlpressurev is in the tank 36 piston 2:2;willg-be pushedi'away frorn the end 23, thus allowi-n'gzthe lever ll- B to move-freely on the shaft 25: without; interference frorn-the stop 31. On the otherha'nd,shouldzthetemperature be such as; to? .close: the valve or should: the pressure in the tank 36 drop belowa: predetermined mihimurrr themthe spring 24 'will' push the piston zfistozthe-zendz -23sof the cylinder and the operator; inlworclereto depress the accelerator, will have totpush: against the strength of the spring 24 since the stop z l will: engage the lever I6;

It willthus be' forcibly brought to the operators attention that something is'wrong since it-will" beinecessary for himftoexert-a great deal of pressure: upon the accelerator in order to operate the vehicle. By -the same token the vehicle will not be stalled since-1 it will he possible for him law-press against the 'strength of the spring 24';

"Intheformshown in Figure- 2 "thetw'o thermal units '39 and' -fll are shown, one set for a maximum: temperatureand theother for a minimum" temperature- Assuming that the thermal unit 40 -is=set fora minimum temperature and such temperature is reaehed the piston 41 held by the spring 42 *will move" tothe right and'the' arm 43 will be brought? into", contact with the' arm 44 positioned on therod or shaft45- controlling the carburetor l5. The accelerator l will then be difficult to operate. As shown in Figure 2 the arm 43 is shown in the operative position. The rod 45 and the rod 46 are linked together by the shaft 41 and the arms 48 and 49 so that the

rods

45 and 46 move together. The unit 39 is set for a maximum temperature and will of course not be afiected by cold registered by the unit 40. However, should the temperature rise above the predetermined maximum the piston 50 will be moved against the spring 5| and the arm 52 will be brought into the position shown by the dotted lines where it will engage the arm 54 when the accelerator I0 is depressed, thus forcing the operator to further compress thespring 5| to depress the accelerator and warning him of the danger.

In the form shown in Figure 3 aplurality of control units are linked to the common indicator, namely, the spring making the depression of the accelerator difficult. In this form the accelerator 6!] pivoted at 6! has a series of links 52 connecting it with the carburetor. A spring element 63 is connected to the solenoid 64 which, when energized from the battery source 69, will push the spring 63 up against the accelerator to make operation difficult. In this circuit a number of control devices are set up. The air tank 65 is provided with a control element 66 of any conventional type adapted to close the circuit between the

wires

67 and 68 when pressure of the tank falls below a predetermined level. A thermal unit '10 is provided to close the circuit between the wires H and 12 when a maximum temperature is reached. It will be appreciated that the thermal unit Hl may be arranged in pairs in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 2, one unit to take care of maximum and the other to take care of minimum pressures. A float may be positioned in the crankcase 16 to close the contacts between the wires TI and 78 when the oil in the crankcase falls below a predetermined level. Similarly a pressure gage 80 will close the circuit between the

wires

81 and 82 should the pressure in the oil pump fall.

A governor 85 is provided to determine the number of revolutions a minute of the motor with the hand 86 set to close the circuit at a predetermined point by connecting the

wires

81 and 88. The circuit may be closed by the opening of the door 96 on the hinge 9| by any conventional means, such as the spring plunger 92 adapted to connect the contacts 93 and 94 by means of the bridge 95 when the door 99 is moved away from the jamb 96.

It will be appreciated that I have provided a series of controls cooperatively connected in one circuit to the solenoid 64 which controls the spring 63 and will bring it into active engagement with accelerator 60. Should there be defects in any one of the controls set by falling air pressure, overheating or cold motor, lack of oil in the crankcase, falling oil pressure in the motor, or racing of the motor, any one case the circuit will be closed, the solenoid will move the spring 63 intoengagement with the accelerator 6B and the operator will only be able to depress the accelerator with difficulty. The same is true of the door 911. If the door is open or not completely closed it will be diflicult for the operator to depress the throttle. The average vehicle is provided with temperature controls and pressure gages, oil gages, and in many instances light controls that show whether or not the door is open or closed. When the operator encounters difficulty and this difiiculty is brought home to him 4 through the throttle he will then be forced to check his other controls to determine where the difiiculty lies and the danger of ruining the engine of a vehicle is eliminated.

While my device brings any fault forcibly to the drivers attention it does not completely immobilize the vehicle and there is no danger of the vehicle being immobilized on a railroad crossing or in trafiic since the driver may, by exerting extraordinary pressure on the accelerator, depress the spring t3 and move the vehicle out of danger.

I claim:

1. In combination with an accelerator, means for making the operation of said accelerator difficult, said means including a piston, a spring normally pushing said piston, a shaft on said piston, an arm associated with said accelerator, and a stop on said shaft adapted to engage said arm, tubing connecting said cylinder with an air tank to force said piston against said spring and to move said stop out of engagement with said arm when the pressure in said tank is above predetermined pressure.

2. In combination with a machine having an r accelerator, an air tank and a thermostatic control, of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring yieldingly pushing said piston toward one end of said cylinder, a shaft on said piston, means for operatively connecting said accelerator to said shaft when said piston is moved to one end of said cylinder by said spring, a line connecting the end of said cylinder with said air tank, and a valve controlled by said thermostat in said line between said tank and said cylinder.

3. The combination with a machine having an accelerator and an air-tank of a cylinder, a line connecting the end of said cylinder with said airtank, a piston in said cylinder, a spring yieldingly pushing said piston toward the end of said cylinder, a shaft on said piston and means for opera-tively connecting said accelerator to said shaft when the air pressure in said tank is below a predetermined pressure and said piston is moved to the end of said cylinder by said spring.

l. The combination with a machine having an accelerator of a cylinder, 2. piston in said cylinder, a spring yieldingly pushing said piston towards the end of said cylinder, a shaft on said piston and normally free of the accelerator, and means operatively connecting said accelerator to said shaft when said piston is moved to one end of said cylinder by said spring.

5. The combination with a machine having an accelerator of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring yieldingly pushing said piston towards the end of said cylinder, a shaft on said piston, and normally free of connection with the accelerator, means operatively connecting said accelerator to said shaft when said piston is moved to one end of said cylinder by said spring, and means for moving said piston against said spring under pre-determined conditions.

6. Means for association with power means, wherein the power means has means for varying the power output of such power means, and the power means has certain minimal requirements for efiicient operation, and the varying means includes means for bringing the varying means normally to idling position; the means for association with the power means comprising means for interposing resistance to movement of the varying means out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing movement of the varying means. out of said idling 5 position, and meansrfonzdisablirrg: the.='resistance-'-- intenposingmeanswhens -the' minimal requirements are: satisfiedi 7.; 'Imcomhinat-ion with anx-internallcombustion engine; means: fonvaryingi the: power" output of' theiengine; .theaengin'e*havingzcertain: minimal re-'= quirements for. efficient operation; means for Bringing :the varying: means: normally. toidling: position; .means for interposing resistanceto. movement of the varying means .out of idling, position to increase-the powen-outputof the en gins but. without: preventing-i-movement' of. the varying. means out of said idling position; and means. for disabling the" resistanoe interposingv mean-s whensthe minimal requirements are. sat: isfied;.-:

8n-In1 oombinationwith power means, means for: varying the power output of. such power means; 'the power :means having. certain minimal requirements fon efiicient operation,- means for bringing the varying means normally to idlingposition,- means -for interposing' resistance to movement of the. varying-means out of idling position to increase thepower outputbut without preventing movement'ofthe varying means out' ofsaid idling po'sition and means for disabling the resistance interposing means when the minimal requirementsare satisfied.

9; Means for association-with an internal combustion engine; wherein 'theengine has meansforva-rying the poweroutput of the engine, and: the engine has .cer-tain minimal 1 requirements for efiicient: operatiomand-the varying means ineludes: means for bringing the varying meansnormally to-idlinga'posi-tion; the means for'association with the engine: comprising means for. interposing resistance tomovement of the varying: means; out of idling position to increase the, power output but, without preventing: movement: of the-varying:meansiout of .said idling position, and; meansv for disabling-the resistance-interposing means when the minimal requirements are. satisfied.-

10.- Means for association: with. an internal combustion. engine, wherein the engine has a; throttle for controlling the power output of the engine,.and the engine has certain minimal requirements. for efiicient operation, and the throttle hasmeans for bringing thethrottlenormally to. idling position; .the meansior association with. the. engine comprising, means. for interposing resistance to movementlofthe throttle out of idling. position to increase the power output of the engine but without preventin movement of the throttle out of" said idling position, and means for disabling the resisltance-interposing means when" theminimal requirements are satisfied.

11". Means for association with power means, wherein the power means has means for varyingthe power output or such power means, and the power meanshas certain minimal requirements for eflicient operation, and the varying means includes means for bringing the varying means normally to idling position; themeans for asso ciation' with the power means "comprising compressible meansfor interposing resistance to movement of the varying means outof idling position toincrease the' 'power output but without preventing: movement-of the varying means out of said idling position, and means independ entof the varying means for compressing the compressible means to makethe compressible means ineiiecti-vewhen: the minimal require-.- ments are satisfied;

- 12'.==Means.ior association: .with': amJintBmaL combustiom...engine;;. wherein; the engine: has: meansrfonr varying .iither'powemoutput of: the." en, gimr, and the enginevhasicertaimminimal requirements "fort: eiii'oientsloperation and;v the; varying: means. includeszmeansi ion bringing, the. varying; means normall yrto idling-:position-;.;the&means for: associatiom with 1 theflengine comprising compressible means for interposing resistancev to; movements of the; vanying-umeans out (oi. idling position to-increase :lll'IBi'lJOWBl" outputabut with.- out? preventing movement of: the. varying means: outtofasaidjdlingsposition; andmeans: independe enttof thevarying means: tor. compressing the compressible. means to: make::. the. compressible: means: inefieotive whens. th'exminimal require-' ments; are: .satisfi'edt lfiiiMea'nsx iora. association; with: an internal? combustiona; engine; wherein... the: engine has. a throttles for JCOIltIOlliIlE-I the power output of the: engine; andi ther engine:. has :certain minimal requirements;ionefiicientixoperation; and the vary-- ingimeans includesmeanszfor bringing. the throttle::..normally" to.= idl-ingsaposition'; .the means for assoioiatiorn with. that engine. comprising com-- pnessible means: for :interposing? resistance to movementof. the throttle: out: of: idlingypositionr toiiincrease' the, powerioutput but. .w thout pro-'- vending;v movement: oftithe x throttle. out. of I said. idling" position, and. means; independent of the:

- throttle".-ion:compressingsthe:compressible1means-- to;makefthcncompressiblezmeans inefiective whom the: minimazli requirements; areiisatisfied.

14;.Mean-s. .forr association I with an internal;

combustionv engine, wherein the engine has ai thmtt'le: for .controlling; the: power.- output of. the:

engine; and the: throttle: has-1a normali idling; positionfmidevelopmentiof minimum power out-- putgtandz the engine; has..-certain minimum re-- quirementsl =for' propenioperation; the means for? association with the engine-comprising means f on detecting variationszinsuchir'equirements, means: for normally resisting movement of the throttle: out of idling positionto:increase the: power outputi buti without preventingactuation of the: throttle out of 'saldi idling position, and means controlled by the detecting: means; for disabling: the resistingmeans when the minimum requirements are satisfied:

15; Means for association with an internal: combustion engine, wherein the engine has athrottle' for controlling the-power output of the engine; and the throttle-has anormal idling posi-* tion for development ofminimum power output, and the engine has certain minimum requirements for'prop'er'operation; the means for association with the engine'comprising' means for detecting variations insuclr'requirements, resilient means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling. position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and means controlled by the detecting means for disabling the resilient means when the minimum requirements. are. satisfied;

16. Means for association with an internal" combustion engine, wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and-the throttlehas a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, andtthe: engine has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means forv assetciation withthe engine comprising means for detecting: variations: in such requirements, compressibleiresilient. means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and means controlled by the detecting means for compressing the resilient means and retaining the resilient means compressed when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

17. Means for association with an internal combustion engine, wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and the engine has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the engine comprising means for detecting variations in such requirements, means for interposing a great force to resist and prevent the normal actuation of the throttle by the operator of the engine away from said idling position a means for disabling the force-interposing means when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

18. Means for association with an internal combustion engine, wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and the engine has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the engine comprising means for detecting variations in such requirements, a spring disposed for interposing a great force to resist and prevent the normal actuation of the throttle by the operator of the engine away from said idling position except by the exertion of a great force by the operator, and means controlled by the detecting means for making the spring ineffective to resist actuation of the throttle when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

19. Means for association with an internal combustion engine, wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and the engine has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the engine comprising means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and pneumatic means responsive to variations in the requirements of the engine for disabling the resisting means when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

20. Means for association with an automotive vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries an internal combustion engine, and wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and wherein the vehicle has a source of air pressure for effecting certain operations of the vehicle, and wherein the engine and the vehicle have certain minimum requirements for proper operation including the air pressure available from said source; the means for association with the vehicle comprising means for responding to variations in such requirements, means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and means controlled by the responding means for disabling the resisting means when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

21. Means for association with an automotive vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries an internal combustion engine, and wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and wherein the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and wherein the vehicle has a source of air pressure for effecting certain operations of the vehicle, and wherein the engine and the vehicle have certain minimum requirements for proper operation including the air pressure available from said source; the means for association with the vehicle comprising means for responding to variations in such requirements, means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and pneumatic means controlled by the responding means for disabling the resisting means when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

22. Means for association with an automotive vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries an internal combustion engine, and wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and wherein the throttle has a normal. idling position for development of minimum power output, and wherein the vehicle has a source of air pressure for effecting certain operations of the vehicle, and wherein the engine and the vehicle have certain minimum requirements for proper operation including the air pressure available from said source; the means for association with the vehicle comprising means for normally resisting movement of the throttle out of idling position to increase the power output but without preventing actuation of the throttle out of said idling position, and pneumatic means controlled by air under pressure from said source and responsive to variations in the requirements of the engine for disabling the resisting means when the minimum. requirements are satisfied.

23. Means for association with an automotive vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries an internal combustion engine, and wherein the engine has a throttle for controlling the power output of the engine, and wherein the throttle has a normal idling position for development of minimum power output, and wherein the vehicle has a source of air pressure for effecting certain operations of the vehicle, and wherein the engine and the vehicle have certain minimum requirements for proper operation including the air pressure available from said source; the means for association with the vehicle comprising a spring disposed for interposing a great force to resist and prevent the actuation of the throttle by the operator of the vehicle away from said idling position except by the exertion of a great force by the operator, and pneumatic means controlled by air under pressure from said source and responsive to variations in the requirements of the engine for making the spring ineffective to interpose its resistance to the actuation of the throttle when the minimum requirements are satisfied.

24. Means for association with an automotive vehicle having a power unit and a source of fluid under pressure mounted thereon, wherein the power unit has power-output-varying means, and wherein the varying means normally assumes an avg-474; 28a

9: idling position fordevelopment of-minimum output, andwherein the vehicle including; the power unit and the fluid pressure sourcefhasscertain;

minimum requirements for proper operation; the means forassociation with the vehicle comprising means for interposings ailarge resistance to thet-normaltoperation of the -varying means" out of? its idlingi position, and means"- responsive" to the: attainment of said certain minimumzrequirements for disabling, the resistance-interp'osing meanswwhenx the certain minimunr requirements are": attained:

2hr. Meansffor association with an automotive vehicle having a power unite-and. WSOllXCE-Ofi fluid under pressure mounted.-thereorr;. wherein: the power unithas power-output-varying means -an'd wherein the evarying means-normally assumes an idling position for developrnerrtioftminimum output, and wherein the vehicle including the power unit and the fluid pressure source has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the vehicle comprising means for interposing a large resistance to the normal operation of the varying means out of its idling position, and means energized by fluid Lmder pressure from said source and responsive to the attainment of said certain minimum requirements for disabling the resistance-interposing means when the certain minimum requirements are attained.

26. Means for association with an automotive vehicle having a power unit and a source of fluid under pressure mounted thereon, wherein the power unit has power-output-varying means, and wherein the varying means normally assumes an idling position for development of minimum output, and wherein the vehicle including the power unit and the fluid pressure source has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the vehicle comprising means for interposing a large resistance to the normal operation of the varying means out of its idling position, and means energized by fluid under pressure from said source for disabling the resistance-interposing means.

27. Means for association with an automotive vehicle having a power unit and a source 0f fluid under pressure mounted thereon, wherein the power unit has power-output-varying means, and wherein the varying means normally assumes an idling position for development of minimum output, and wherein the vehicle including the power unit and the fluid pressure source has certain minimum requirements for proper operation; the means for association with the vehicle comprising a spring, means positionable by the spring to interpose the resistance of the spring to the normal operation of the varying means out of its idling position, and means responsive to the attainment of said certain minimum requirements for making the spring ineffective to position the resistance-interposing means when the certain minimum requirements are attained.

28. Means for association with power means, wherein the power mean-s has means for controlling the increase of the power output of such power means, and wherein the power means has certain minimal requirements for eflicient operation, and wherein the controlling means has means for positioning it in idling position for development of minimum output; the means for association with the power means comprising means for opposing actuation of the controlling means out of said idling position, the controlling powen'means, and'whereiir the power means has" certain minimal requirements for efiicien-t' operation including'the'temperature?developed'in said powertmeans; andwli'ereirrrthe"controlling means has means for-positioning itin idling position-for development "of minimumxoutput the means for association witnthe power" means comprising means for ,opposing actuationofthe controlling means'out'ofsaid idling position, the controlling means being capable of actuation by an operator to increase the output above said minimum output but only by the exertion of great physical force, and means made effective when said minimal requirements including said temperature are satisfied to disable the actuation-opposing means.

30. Means for association with a vehicle, wherein the Vehicle carries power means for propelling the vehicle and a source of fluid pressure for apparatus associated with the vehicle, and wherein the power means has means for controlling the increase of the power output of such power means, and wherein the power means and the pressure source have certain minimal requirements for the eflicient operation of the vehicle, and wherein the controlling means has means for positioning it in idling position for development of minimum output; the means for association with the power means comprising means for opposing actuation of the controlling means out of said minimum output position, the controlling means being capable of actuation by an operator to increase the output above said minimum output but only by the exertion of great physical force, and means made effective when I said minimal requirements are satisfied to disable the actuation-opposing means.

31. Means for association with a vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries power means for propelling the vehicle and a source of fluid pressure for apparatus associated with the vehicle, and wherein the power means has means for controlling the increase of the power output of such power means, and wherein the power means and the pressure source have certain minimal requirements for the eflicient operation of the vehicle, and wherein the controlling means has means for positioning it in idling position for development of minimum output; the means for association with the power means comprising means for opposing actuation of the controlling means out of said minimum output position, the controlling means being capable of actuation by an operator to increase the output above said minimum output but only by the exertion of great physical force, and means to make said pressure source effective when said minimal requirements are satisfied to disable the actuation-opposing means.

32. Means for association with a Vehicle, wherein the vehicle carries power means for propelling the vehicle and a source of fluid pressure for apparatus associated with the vehicle, and wherein the power means has means for controlling the increase of the power output of such power means, and wherein the power means and 1 1 the pressure source have certain minimal requirements for the efficient operation of the vehicle including the temperature developed in said power means, and wherein the controlling means has means for positioning it in idling position for development of minimum output; the means for association with the power means comprising means for opposing actuation of the controlling means out of said minimum output position, the controlling means being capable of actuation by an operator to increase the output above said minimum output but only by the exertion of great physical force, and means controlled by said temperature to make said pressure source effective when said minimal requirements including said temperature are satisfied to disable the actuation-opposing means.

MAX DACH.

12 REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS