US2448995A

US2448995A - Impact screw driver

Info

Publication number: US2448995A
Application number: US548729A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jesse C Mccorkhill
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-08-09
Filing date: 1944-08-09
Publication date: 1948-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1965-09-07

Description

J. C. M CORKHILL IMPACT SCREWDRIYER Sept. 7, 1948.

Filed Aug. 9, 1944 Patented Sept. 7, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE inursoriscnswinmvhn Jesse MeCorkhill, Xenia, ()hio ApplicationAligust 9, 1944,:seria1 No. 548,729 r I I This invention relates toa tool and more particularly to a tool adapted to-transla-te linear impacts into rotary or torque impacts.

In certain industries and'trades it'is necessary to remove screws, nuts, bolts,'rivets and other fastening devices that have becomei'set in position. For example,-in-, airplanestscrews are used in assembling metallic parts. In the event the parts become damaged, or for some other reason must be removed, difficulty has been experienced in looseningthe screws, for the reasonthat the screws may have -rusted or-corrodedaso as to be impossible of removal by the use of-a manually operated screw driver or other-tool used in unscrewing the screws.

An object of this invention is to provides, tool wherein the tool may be struck or hit by ahammer or other impact providing-device 'ina direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of theltool and the longitudinal axis of the screw, which tool translates the linear impact movementlinto a rotary or torque ,impelling movement, so as :to utilize the linear movement i-n forcing an adapter or implement into engagement with, the work to be actuatedand utilizing the rotaryfor torque impelling movement to rotate the work. v

Another object of this invention is to provide ahammer driventool for actuating fastening devices, illustrative 30f which are sscrcw threaded members wherein a linear impact movement is used in forcing the implement..intowengagement with the fastening device and a rotary orwtomue movement is used in actuating the fasteningr'device, such as ESCIBW threaded parts, which :tool is easily produced, easily handledl'eiificientsand dependable and at the .same time inexpensive.

Other objects and iadvantageszreside 'inithe construction of parts, thexcombinationthereof and the mode of operation, which wil1 become more apparent from the following description.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 discloses a side elevational view of the tool. Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an end view adapterremoved. a my Figure 4 discloses a longitudinal cross sectional view'of a modification. 1 In the drawings, the reter enc'e character I0 indicates a tubular main bodyportion-onhandle sleeve member of the implement. It is provided with a knurled hand-grip portion surrounding the periphery of the handle. The lower end taof the tool with the lclaim; (01." 1 45-53) threaded aperture "if is located near the end of the handle and extends radially.

Theiinternal threads or splines lflc engage a spirally grooved implement supporting member or spirally splined spindle I2, having a reduced portion {4 projecting outwardly fromthe handle I-D, which reduced portion is preferably square in cross sectional area and is provided with a recessreceiving a ball l6, spring urged outwardly bya small helical spring l8 and adapted to engage and look a work engaging implement .20, shown in dotted lines.\ This. work engaging implement maybe a screw driver, a socket wrench or any other type of implement adaptedto engage the work. H l v The upper end of the tool supporting member I2 is reduced. at l2a and projects into the enlarged recess or cavity Hid. Asuitable retaining ringor spring 22 is seated in a, grooveof the reduced portion l2a and engages a Washer 24, seated against the shoulder we. ,,'I'he washer! is mounted for movement with the implement supporting member I 2 A compression spring 26 is mounted between the washer 24 and a capping member 28, provided with a reduced portion 28a projecting into the recess 10d and locked in position by a suitable .setscrewtfl, engaging the threads of the aperture III). The capping memberZS constitutes the impact receiving portion-of the tool. 3

A suitable oil retaining member 32ism'ounted in the tapering portion Illa of the handle Inland surrounds the implement supporting member [2, so {as to. oil the, implement supporting member. The implement supporting member l2, and the parts carried thereby, are always biased outwardly by the compression spring 26, which in- .cidentally, in moving the implement supporting member outwardly into the position shown in Figure-2, rotates theimplement supporting memher, 2, together with the adapter carried thereby.

The direction of the threads, on the implement supporting member I2 is selected'either, to loosen a screw or to tighten a screw. The pitch of the grooves, ispl-ines or threads is so selected that a reciprocatory or linear impact applied to i an impact'receivinghead of the tool in a direction par- ..allel to the longitudinal axis of the spindle: translates the linear impact movement into a rotary i a screw having a kerf is to be removed an adapt er simulating a screw driver is. selected and mounted on the end of the implement support j recess.

agonal, a socket adapter may be selected. Like- 40 'wise, if nuts are to be removed, sockets engaging the nuts are selected.

hammer the head 28 applying the blows parallel 5 to the longitudinal axis of the tool, so as to cause the adapter to move towards the work. Instead of a manual hammer being used, any other suit- I able hammering device or tool may be used, such as a pneumatic hammer or an electromagnetic hammer. Due to the spiral arrangement of the groove in the spindle [2 the linear impact 'applied to the implement is translated into a rotary, or

torque impact, tending to rotate the work. This .jars loose the screw, if it is to be loosened, or

whatever the work may be. If it is to be tightened, the impact may be used in tightening the parts. After each hammer blow, in the absence of external forces, the head and hammer impact receiving member is restored to the position shown in Figure 2. It may be that the operator may bias the handle towards the work, thereby causing the adapter to firmly engage the work in readiness for the linear impact that is being translated into rotary impact.

This tool has been found very effective in rej moving screws from wings of airplanes thathave been damaged and is used to remove screws-that cannot be removed manually with the aid of conventional screw drivers. The adapter isselected for the particular work. In the event it is a screw to be loosened and the head of the screw is provided with a kerf, a straight edge screw driver is used. In the event the screw is provided with 1 cross, grooves, an adapter fitting into the cross. 5

grooves is selected. In the event the head of the screw is provided with a square, or a hexagon recess, an adapter is selected that will fit such a If the head of the screw is square or hex- In the modification disclosed in Figured, the

tubular sleeve handle member 69 is provided with an internally threaded bore 62 receiving a thread-- ed spindle 64 adapted to support a work engaging adapter. Thespindle is urged into the position shown in Figure 4 by a compression spring 65 seated against a washer 68held in fixed relation with respect to the end of the spindle by a Screw '10. The spring 66 and the washer B8 are mounted in an enlarged recess 12.

The outer end of the recess is threaded and receives a threaded head or capping member 14, held in position by a suitable set screw '16 seated in a threaded aperture in the handle member 60. The lower end of the handle is provided with a reduced cylindrical portion '18, provided with a longitudinally extending key seat 80, receiving a suitable detent 82 in a sleeve or ferrule 84 of member 86 held upon the 8' end of the spindle 64 by a screw 88, extending into a circumferential groove 90 in the spindle 64. A collar portion 92, either integral with, pressfitted upon or'fixedly secured to the spindle 64,

engages member 86, so as to cause member"86:65 to move longitudinally with respect to the handie 60. Member 86 is prevented from rotating with the spindle by virtue of the detent 82'being seated in the key seat 80, so that member 86 may reciprocate on the handle 60 without rotating with the spindle. Member 86 is mounted for nonrotary movement with respect to the handle and is mounted for non-axial movement with respect to the spindle. 1

rotary movement. I "sleeve provided with spiral grooves, v a; rubber in- Number In the device disclosed in the drawings, the parts have been shown as metallic parts cooperating to translate reciprocatory movement into Instead of using a metallic sert could be mounted between the spiral spindle 1 and the tubular sleeve, the rubber insert being r vulcanized to the metallic sleeve and thereby provide" a' 'resilient or yieldable impact translating vice-hasbeen described, it will be understood that within the purview of this invention various changes may be made in the form, details, proportion and arrangement of parts, the combination thereof and mode of operation, which generally stated'consist in a device cap-able of carrying out the; objects set forth, as disclosed and defined in the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

In a device for actuating a screw member or other turnable fastening means, the combination including a tubular member having an internal bore provided with spiral grooves, said bore terminating in an enlarged portion terminating in a threaded portion, a spindle member provided with spiral portions seated in the spiral grooves of the tubular member, means fixedly attached to the spindle member and including a washer seated in the enlarged portion of the cylindrical bore, a hammer-engaging capping member threadedly engaging the threads of the tubular member, a compression spring positioned between the 'capping member and the washer for urging the spindlemember into extended position, the spindle member projecting beyond the tubular'member, the portion of the'spindle member projectin beyond the tubular member being provided with an annular groove, a ferrule terminating in a tubular flange rotatably mounted on the spindle member near the end of the spindle member, the

flange telescopically engaging the tubular member, means for preventing rotation of the ferrule relative to said tubular member, means extending from the ferrule into the annular groove for preventing longitudinal movement'of the spindle 'member with respect to the ferrule without rota- -tion thereof, and a collar fixedly attached to the JESSE c. MCCORKHILL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 701,941 Rowlands June 10, 1902 1,022,311 Fegley Apr. 2, 1912 1,424,456 Fegley et a1 Aug. 1, 1922 1,731,979 Krummel Oct. 15, 1929 1,937,645 Fegley et a1 Dec. 5, 1933 2,010,616; Walsh Aug. 6, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS I Number Country Date 455,056 L" Germany, Jan. 24, 1928