US2447443A

US2447443A - Valve

Info

Publication number: US2447443A
Application number: US620234A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry E Voorhies
Original assignee: Eaton Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Eaton Corp
Priority date: 1945-10-04
Filing date: 1945-10-04
Publication date: 1948-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 1965-08-17

Description

Aug'. 17, '1948. H. E. vooRHlEs VALVE Filed Oct. 4, 1945 Patented Aug. `17, 1948- VALVE Harry E. Voorhies,

Grosse Pointe Woods, Mich.,

assignor to Eaton Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application october 4, 194,5, serial No. 620,234 '1 claims. (ci. 12s-9o) This invention relates to poppet valves for internal combustion engines and more particularly to means for rotating the valves.

Broadly the invention comprehends a poppet valve for internal combustion engines having means incorporated therein and associ-ated with the engine valve spring providing for positive rotation of the valve during each and every valve reciprocatory motion.

Heretofore in the construction of poppet valves wherein rotation is attempted through the`utilization of valve spring twist during the reciproerational reciprocation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a poppet valve for internal combustion engines having means incorporated therein and associated with the valve spring effective to rotate the valve through utilization of a valve spring twist.

A further object of the invention is the provision of poppet valves for engines having brake means incorporated in 'the stem end of the valve for positively rotating the valve during its reciprocatory motion in the engine.

A yet further object of the invention is the provision of poppet valves for internal combustion engines having one-way clutch means associated with the valve and valve spring for eiecting positive rotation of the valve during the operation thereof.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, forming a part of the specification; and in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of an internal combustion engine showing a valve gear system reciprocable therein embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional View taken along line 2 -2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a plan view of the clutch spring shown in Figure 3.

It has become necessary together with the strides made in the betterment of high compression internal combusti-on engines to provide means for prolonging the life of poppet valves employed by such engines. Because of the uneven distribution of carbon deposits, warping, pitt-ing, and unevenness of wear that normally occurs between the valve and its associated sea-t member when the valves are subjected to severe heat-and gas corrosive -conditions in the operation of internal combustion engines, an early mal-functioning or leaking of 'the valve occurs with a corresponding excessive loss in the operating efliciency of th-e engine .with the resul-t that it has been found highly desirable to provide means for rotating the valves thereof during -their reciprocatory motion in the engine. By providing for rotation of the valves while in operation a reduction or more even distribution of the carbon deposits, warping, pitting, etc., as well as assistance in minimizing carbon deposits upon the valve seat, will result.

In the present invention provision has been made of fone-way brake means associated with.

the stem end of the valve and valve spring such that the inherent twisting motion of the valve spring will positively be imparted to the valve causing a rotation thereof in one direc-tion but restrained from reverse mot-ion by the brake. The extent of rotation to be imparted to the valve ls determined by the amount of relative circumferential movement of the spring that occurs between the extended and compressed heights of the spring. The one way brake so employed is mounted upon a member that is restricted solely to axial motion so as to provide rotative locking means ink one direct-ion for the brake while at the same time permitting axial movement of the brake mechanism together with the valve.

, Referring to the drawings for more specific details of the invention, l0 represents generally an internal combustion engine cylinder block having mounted reciprocally therein a valve gear system designated generally by the numeral l2. The valve gear system comprises a valve I4 having a mushroom shaped head I6 adapted to be seated on a valve seat insert I8 xedly secured in the engine block, andl a stem 20 reciprocable in a guide 22 fitted in the engine block, a valve lifter 24 engaging the end of the valve, and a cam 26 mounted on a camshaft 28 engaging the valve lifter. The stem end of the valve has mounted thereon a split or other suitable colar 30 received in snug tting relation in grooves 32 formed on the stem end of the valve, said collar 30 in turn being rigidly held upon the valve by a collar member 34 comprising an extended axial tremlty with axial slots 44 portion 36 and a radially extendedportion Il. The collars 3B and 34 have tapered mating surfaces 4|! and 42 respectively. i

The valve guide 22 is provided at its lower exand 48 adapted to be received by a sleeve 4B having slots 52 and 82 correspondingto slots 44 and 4i so as to permit of axial movement between guide 22 and sleeve 48 while at the same time restricting relative rotation therebetween. The sleeve 48 is provided with an annular inwardly extended ange 54 and a cylindrical portion 56 subtended from the flange 64. The ilange 54 of the sleeve embraces a reduced portion 58 of the collar 34 and is held thereon by a snap ring 60 fitted in a groove 62 in the collar 434; whereas, the cylindrical portion oi the sleeve embraces the body proper of the collar 34 and provides an annular channel 64 therebetween for the reception of a one-way brake spring member 66. The brake member 68 constltutes a circular spring member 68 having a tongue 'IIJ tted in a slot 'I2 in the collar 34. The spring $8 is adapted to engage the surface 'I4 internally oi' cylindrical portion 58 such that the rotative movement of collar 314 relative to sleeve 48 is inhibited in one direction but permitted in the opposite direction, that is, rotation in a direction starting from the torque end of the spring tends to collapse the spring and thus relieves its elastic force whereas an opposite rotation acts from the free end of the spring against the torque held end and is thus restrained from movement.

A valve coil spring 16 inserted between the engine block and flange 38 of collar 34 serves to retain the valve head upon seat I8 and also to impart a turning force through-

collars

34 and 30 due to its inherent twisting motion as the spring is alternately compressed and extended.

In a normal operation of the valve system with all parts in assembled position, upon rotation of the camshaft 28 and'associated cam 2S, lift is imparted to the valve lifter 24 which in turn transmits its movement to the valve I4 through abutment of the valve lifter upon the end of the valve stem. UponV movement of the valve lifter and valve as a unit, the valve spring is compressed causing a twisting thereof which twist in turn is imparted to the valve through the collars depending on the brake spring 68 and whether the coil spring 16 is wound with left or right handed helical coils; that is, if the spring 18 is wound with right handed helical coils and the brake spring E8 assembled in a counterclockwise position the valve will be rotated during the compression phase of the spring 16. With the aforementioned arrangement the valve will continue to be rotated during the course of its being lifted from its seat in accordance with the extent of twist inherent in the spring but will cease rotating upon return of the valve toward its seat, the brake spring 6B acting against the surface 14 of the cylindrical portion of the sleeve 48 to thus resist movement of the spring B8 resulting in inhibiting rotation of collar 34 secured to the valve. During this phase of operation, it is to be noted that coil spring 16 will slip on the surface of ilange 38 or upon the seat of the engine block depending on the amount of frictional surface resistance existing between the respective parts as the spring returns to its normal extended position as shown by Figure 1. This completes a cycle of operation of the valve through its opening and closing stages of operation.

Although the brake 66 is specifically illustrated,

any suitable one-way clutch means would be satisfactory to accomplish the like function as brake 63 and the showing and description thus made to the brake is not to be taken as a limitation of structure.

While this invention has been described in connection with certain speciilc embodiments, the principle involved is susceptible of numerous other applications that will readily occur to persons skilled in the art. The invention, therefore, is limited only as indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is: l. In an internal combustion engine a valve seat, a valve cooperable therewith having an enlarged head and an integral stem, resilient means normally holding the valve on its seat, means for moving the valve from its seat, said resilient means adapted to rotate the valve as the valve is reciprocated, and brake directly acting upon means associated with the valve stem directly positively resisting rotation of the valve in a direction opposite to which it has been rotated by the resilient means.

2. In an internal combustion engine a valve seat, a valve cooperable therewith having an enlarged head and an integral stem, spring means normally holding the valve on its seat, means for moving the valve from its seat, said spring means acting through one end thereof to turn the valve during its reciprocation, and a non-rotative brake element means including a part directly acting upon the valve effective to resist rotation of the valve in one direction.

3. I n an internal combustion engine a valve seat, a valve cooperable therewith having an enlarged head and an integral stem, a coil spring for returning the valve to and retaining it upon its seat, said coil spring due to its inherent twisting motion during retraction and elongation acting to rotate the valve as the valve is reciprocated and brake means directly associated with the stem of the valve resisting rotation of the valve in one direction.

4. In an internal combustion engine a valve seat, a valve cooperable therewith having an enlarged head and an integral stem, a coil spring for returning the valve to and retaining it upon its seat, said coil spring due to its inherent twisting motion during retraction and elongation acting to rotate the valve as the valve is reciprocated, means non-rotatively movable relative to but axially shftable with the valve, and means interposed between said last mentioned means and the valve stem for inhibiting movement of the valve in one direction.

5. In an internal combustion engine a valve seat, a valve cooperable therewith having an enlarged head and an integral stem, a coil spring for returning the valve to and retaining itupon its seat, said coil spring due to its inherent twisting motion during retraction and elongation acting to rotate the valve as the valve is reciprocated, means mounted on the stem of the valve limited to movement axially with the valve, and means ilxedly secured to the stem of the valve interposed between the last mentioned means and the valve stem for inhibiting rotation of the valve in one direction.

6. In a poppet valve system for internal combustion engines, a valve, a valve seat, means for actuating the valve, a valve spring for returning the valve to and retaining the valve upon its seat, said valve spring acting to turn the valve during its course of reciprocation, and brake means di- 5 rectly operable upon the valve stem for positively resisting rotation oi' the valve in one direction.

7. In a poppet valve system for internal combustion engines a. valve, a, valve seat, means for actuating the valve, a valve spring for returning the valve to and retaining the valve upon its seat, said valve spring acting to turn the valve during its course of reciprocatibn, and axially movable non-rotative one way brake means engaging the stem of the valve e'ective to inhibit i0 rotation of the valve in one direction subsequent to the valve being turned by the valve spring.

, HARRY E. VOORHIES.

The following references are of record in the REFERENCES CITED ile of this patent:

5 UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,244,287 Buck Oct. 23, 1917 1,304,929 ArnoldA May 27, 1919 1,520,273 Anthony Dec. 23, 1924 Y 1,534,476 Wirrer Apr. 21, 1925i y2,165,239 Douglas, et al July 11, 1939