US2446697A - Apparatus for coating metal sheets - Google Patents

Apparatus for coating metal sheets Download PDF

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Publication number
US2446697A
US2446697A US591508A US59150845A US2446697A US 2446697 A US2446697 A US 2446697A US 591508 A US591508 A US 591508A US 59150845 A US59150845 A US 59150845A US 2446697 A US2446697 A US 2446697A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
metal
bath
coating
molten
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Expired - Lifetime
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US591508A
Inventor
Frank E Fairley
Louis T Lindquist
Clyde D Michaels
Howard C Rodgers
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Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
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Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US474460A external-priority patent/US2388131A/en
Application filed by Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co filed Critical Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
Priority to US591508A priority Critical patent/US2446697A/en
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Publication of US2446697A publication Critical patent/US2446697A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/08—Tin or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for coating sheets by passing them through molten metal, and in its broadest aspects provides means for effectively transferring heat from the molten coating metal to the body of oil usually maintained on top of the metal so as to keep the oil in the optimum operating condition.
  • the invention is peculiarly well suited for improving the operatlng conditions involved in thev manufacture of terne plate.
  • the present invention aims to overcome such dimculty by the provision of the herein claimed novel apparatus including means for transferring small quantities of the molten metal upwardly into the region of the upper zone of the oil and permitting such hot molten metal to descend through the oil and thereby give up heat thereto. In this way the oil is maintained at the optimum operating temperature and condition, due' in part to the rapid heat exchange and in part to the gentle turbulence set up by the cascade of molten metal descending through the oil.
  • Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through the apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a transverse section on line II-II thereof.
  • id represents the wall structure of a suitable heating chamber supporting a melting pot l2 the contents of which are adapted to be heated chiefly by a burner iii supplied with gases or other suitable fuel under control of the valve I6.
  • a burner iii supplied with gases or other suitable fuel under control of the valve I6.
  • the portion of the meltingpot to the exit side of the division wall is not directly heated by re, since Divided and this applicationv May 2,
  • a plurality of conventional pairs of exit rolls 24, 26, and 28, driven by the gears 30, 32, and 34 are a plurality of conventional pairs of exit rolls 24, 26, and 28, driven by the gears 30, 32, and 34.
  • the apparatus is also equipped with a pair of conventional feed-in rolls 36 which feed the plate P to be coated with molten metal through ilux contained in a, box 38, thence downwardly through the metal bath 40 which may be either molten tin or lead-tin alloy.
  • a pair of feed rolls 42 driven in any suitable manner force the plate through a conventional guide or apron 6I which directs the plate to the lower set of exit rolls 24.
  • the arrangement of' the flux-box, feedin roll, guides and exit rolls is similar to that shown in Patent No. 1,330,399.
  • the top level of the bath of molten metal at the inlet side of the division plate 20 is indicated at 46.
  • the metal level at the right exit side of the division plate 20 is slightly lower, as indicated at 43.
  • superposed on the metal bath above the metal level 48 on the exit side of the melting pot is a body of palm oil indicated at 50, through which the outgoing sheets pass as they leave the pot.
  • the chief feature of novelty of the present invention resides in the provision of means for elevating the molten metal to a. point above the ⁇ normal metal level 48 into the upper region of the body of oil 5U, and permitting it to fall by gravity or cascade through the oil to thus raise its temperature and create a mild degree of turbulence or agitation. This maintains the optimum temperature and condition of the oil.
  • Conveyor chains 6G' each carrying a plurality of buckets 62, are trained around the sprockets 56 and 58, and suitable means are provided for driving the conveyor.
  • the upper shaft 52 carries a gear 64 which meshes with the gear 32 carried by one of the exit rolls 2S.
  • the conveyor may be driven independently of the exit rolls, if desired, by a separate motor drive, so that the bucket conveyor for lifting the molten metal and dropping it through the oil body can be driven at times when it is not possible to run the exit rolls.
  • the condition of the oil bath can be maintained, even though temporary shut-downs are necessary to make repairs or adjustments in the coating apparatus.
  • the sheet to be coated is fed downwardly by the feed rolls 36 through the flux in the box 38 and into the molten bath 40, then through feed rolls 42 and exit rolls 24, 26, and 28.
  • the sheet is fed upwardly and out to a suitable discharge point, and while being discharged is ...passed through the body of palm oil 50, which is e'ectively maintained at a proper temperature without the application of direct heat to the pot in the zone of the oil, the heat transfer being effected by the cascading effect of the molten metal descending through the oil body.
  • 'I'his affords a very eillcient manner of effecting a rapid transfer of heat uniformly through all regions of the oil.
  • the improved apparatus disclosed represents a marked advance over prior practice since it reduces the tendency of the oil to break down, and thus prolongs the useful life of a given batch of oil, effecting a marked economy in oil consumption. Coupled with this economic advantage, the
  • Metal-coating apparatus comprising a vessel adapted to contain a bath of molten coating metal covered by a body of oil, a. bucket conveyor mounted within said vessel and having one portion extending below the normal level of the metal bath and another portion extending into the body of oil, said conveyor being adapted to discharge small quantities of molten metal successively into the oil so as to effect an exchange of heat from the molten metal to diierent regions of the oil.
  • Metal-coating apparatus comprising a vessel adapted to contain a bath of molten coating metal covered by a body ot oil. spaced upper and lower shafts supported for rotation within said 5 vessel, each carrying a plurality of sprockets, the lower shaft and sprockets being so located that said lower sprockets extend into the bath and the upper shaft and sprockets being so located as to be immersed in the oil, and bucket conveyor chains trained over said sprockets eilective to lift small quantities of molten metal and discharge them into the oil body so as to e'ect an exchange of heat from the molten metal to different regions of the oil.
  • Metal coating apparatus comprising a vessel -adapted to contain a bath of molten metal covered by a body of oil, coacting rolls for feeding a sheet upwardly from said bath and through said body of oil, and a conveyor located wholly within said vessel, spaced from the path of the sheet and largely above the level of said bath, adapted to transfer molten metal from the bath to a region thereabove and discharge it into the oil.

Description

Aug. l0, 1948. F. E. FAIRLEY Erm.
APPARATUS FOR COATING METAL-SHEETS Original Filed Feb. 2, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lll/JJ /ll/ r l Aug 10, 1948. F. E. FAIRLEY ETAI. 2,446,697
APPARATUS FOR COATING METAL SHEETS @fafa/wref f W m mi@ Q if 5.
Patented Aug. 10, 1948 APPARATUS FOR COATING METAL SHEETS Frank E. Fairley, Canton, Ohio, and Louis T. Lindquist, Bessemer, and Clyde D. Michaels and Howard C. Rodgers, Birmingham, Ala., assignors to Tennessee Coal, I ron and Railroad Company, a corporation of Alabama Original application February 2, 1943, Serial No.
1945, Serial No. 591,508
(Cl. Sil-12.1)
4 Claims.
This is a division from our Pate-nt No. 2,388,131, granted October 30, 1945, for "Method of coating sheets.
The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for coating sheets by passing them through molten metal, and in its broadest aspects provides means for effectively transferring heat from the molten coating metal to the body of oil usually maintained on top of the metal so as to keep the oil in the optimum operating condition.
While not limited thereto, the invention is peculiarly well suited for improving the operatlng conditions involved in thev manufacture of terne plate.
In the production of tin-plate and terne-plate, it is customary to pass a ferrous metal sheet through a molten bath'of the coating metal, then upwardly out of the bath through a body of palm oil. In the normal operation of apparatus used heretofore for this purpose, diculties are frequently caused directly or indirectly by non-uniformity of the oil temperature. The present invention aims to overcome such dimculty by the provision of the herein claimed novel apparatus including means for transferring small quantities of the molten metal upwardly into the region of the upper zone of the oil and permitting such hot molten metal to descend through the oil and thereby give up heat thereto. In this way the oil is maintained at the optimum operating temperature and condition, due' in part to the rapid heat exchange and in part to the gentle turbulence set up by the cascade of molten metal descending through the oil.
The invention will be fully apparent from the following detailed disclosure when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through the apparatus.
Figure 2 is a transverse section on line II-II thereof.
Referring in detail to the drawings, id represents the wall structure of a suitable heating chamber supporting a melting pot l2 the contents of which are adapted to be heated chiefly by a burner iii supplied with gases or other suitable fuel under control of the valve I6. There is an intermediate wall i8 approximately in line with a transverse division wall of .the melting pot. As distinguished from prior practice, the portion of the meltingpot to the exit side of the division wall is not directly heated by re, since Divided and this applicationv May 2,
2 the chamber 22 below the exit half of the pot is blanked olf by the wall I8.
Located on the exit side of the division wall 20 mere are a plurality of conventional pairs of exit rolls 24, 26, and 28, driven by the gears 30, 32, and 34. The apparatus is also equipped with a pair of conventional feed-in rolls 36 which feed the plate P to be coated with molten metal through ilux contained in a, box 38, thence downwardly through the metal bath 40 which may be either molten tin or lead-tin alloy. A pair of feed rolls 42 driven in any suitable manner force the plate through a conventional guide or apron 6I which directs the plate to the lower set of exit rolls 24. The arrangement of' the flux-box, feedin roll, guides and exit rolls is similar to that shown in Patent No. 1,330,399.
The top level of the bath of molten metal at the inlet side of the division plate 20 is indicated at 46. The metal level at the right exit side of the division plate 20 is slightly lower, as indicated at 43. Superposed on the metal bath above the metal level 48 on the exit side of the melting pot is a body of palm oil indicated at 50, through which the outgoing sheets pass as they leave the pot.
The chief feature of novelty of the present invention resides in the provision of means for elevating the molten metal to a. point above the `normal metal level 48 into the upper region of the body of oil 5U, and permitting it to fall by gravity or cascade through the oil to thus raise its temperature and create a mild degree of turbulence or agitation. This maintains the optimum temperature and condition of the oil. In the ernbodiment of the invention illustrated, we provide upper and lower shafts 52 and 56, the upper shaft carrying a plurality of sprockets 56 immersed in the intermediate or upper region of the oil, and the lower shaft 5d carrying a plurality .of sprockets 53 whose lower portions extend into the molten metal bath. Conveyor chains 6G', each carrying a plurality of buckets 62, are trained around the sprockets 56 and 58, and suitable means are provided for driving the conveyor. In the machine illustrated, the upper shaft 52 carries a gear 64 which meshes with the gear 32 carried by one of the exit rolls 2S. It is to be understood, however, that the conveyor may be driven independently of the exit rolls, if desired, by a separate motor drive, so that the bucket conveyor for lifting the molten metal and dropping it through the oil body can be driven at times when it is not possible to run the exit rolls. Thus the condition of the oil bath can be maintained, even though temporary shut-downs are necessary to make repairs or adjustments in the coating apparatus.
In the normal operation of the apparatus, the sheet to be coated is fed downwardly by the feed rolls 36 through the flux in the box 38 and into the molten bath 40, then through feed rolls 42 and exit rolls 24, 26, and 28. By the latter, the sheet is fed upwardly and out to a suitable discharge point, and while being discharged is ...passed through the body of palm oil 50, which is e'ectively maintained at a proper temperature without the application of direct heat to the pot in the zone of the oil, the heat transfer being effected by the cascading effect of the molten metal descending through the oil body. 'I'his affords a very eillcient manner of effecting a rapid transfer of heat uniformly through all regions of the oil.
The improved apparatus disclosed represents a marked advance over prior practice since it reduces the tendency of the oil to break down, and thus prolongs the useful life of a given batch of oil, effecting a marked economy in oil consumption. Coupled with this economic advantage, the
-lack of oil troubles makes it possible to increase production, and the elimination of direct tiring to heat the oil reduces the danger of fires and also the fuel cost. Experience also indicates that the invention contributes to a longer lifel of the melting pot. This makes for lower maintenance costs. Because of the maintenance of the oil at optimum temperature and condition, the quality of the coated metal product is improved and the amount of material of less than prime quality is reduced.
While the invention is peculiarly weil-suited for the making of terne-coated ferrous metal sheets or plates, it is also applicable to the coating of sheets or plates 'with tin. Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departure from the invention as dened in the appended claims.
We claim:
l. Metal-coating apparatus comprising a vessel adapted to contain a bath of molten coating metal covered by a body of oil, a. bucket conveyor mounted within said vessel and having one portion extending below the normal level of the metal bath and another portion extending into the body of oil, said conveyor being adapted to discharge small quantities of molten metal successively into the oil so as to effect an exchange of heat from the molten metal to diierent regions of the oil.
2. Metal-coating apparatus comprising a vessel adapted to contain a bath of molten coating metal covered by a body ot oil. spaced upper and lower shafts supported for rotation within said 5 vessel, each carrying a plurality of sprockets, the lower shaft and sprockets being so located that said lower sprockets extend into the bath and the upper shaft and sprockets being so located as to be immersed in the oil, and bucket conveyor chains trained over said sprockets eilective to lift small quantities of molten metal and discharge them into the oil body so as to e'ect an exchange of heat from the molten metal to different regions of the oil.
3. In an apparatus for coating metal sheets by passing them through a bath of molten coating metal having a quantity of oil floating thereon, a pot adapted to contain said bath and oil, and a conveyor in said pot disposed largely above the level of the metal but dipping therebelow and thereby effective to lift quantities of metal from the bath and discharge them into the oil.
4. Metal coating apparatus comprising a vessel -adapted to contain a bath of molten metal covered by a body of oil, coacting rolls for feeding a sheet upwardly from said bath and through said body of oil, and a conveyor located wholly within said vessel, spaced from the path of the sheet and largely above the level of said bath, adapted to transfer molten metal from the bath to a region thereabove and discharge it into the oil.
LOUIS T. LINDQUIST. cLYE D. MICHAELS. HOWARD C. RODGERS.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 548,954 Casselberry et al. Oct. 29, 1895 752,768 Goodwin Feb. 23, 1904 828,856 I ockhood Aug. 14, 1906 854,006 Steele May 21, 1907 1,772,195 Steele Aug. 5, 1930 2,025,768 Nieman Dec. 3l, 1935 2,026,598 Taylor Jan. 7, 1936 2,141,382 Fern Dec, 27, 1938 2,388,131 Fairley et al Oct. 30, 1945
US591508A 1943-02-02 1945-05-02 Apparatus for coating metal sheets Expired - Lifetime US2446697A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US474460A US2388131A (en) 1943-02-02 1943-02-02 Method of coating sheets
US591508A US2446697A (en) 1943-02-02 1945-05-02 Apparatus for coating metal sheets

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2953473A (en) * 1956-12-03 1960-09-20 American Mollerzing Corp Method and means of coating objects with aluminum

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US548954A (en) * 1895-10-29 Sylvania
US752768A (en) * 1904-02-23 Petilrs co
US828856A (en) * 1906-02-14 1906-08-14 George E Lockwood Apparatus for feeding and vaporizing oil.
US854006A (en) * 1906-09-24 1907-05-21 Lawrence C Steele Process of tinning or coating metal sheets.
US1772195A (en) * 1927-11-05 1930-08-05 Lawrence C Steele Stripping device for tin-pot feeding
US2025768A (en) * 1931-08-15 1935-12-31 Bethlehem Steel Corp Apparatus for and method of applying tin to metallic sheets
US2026598A (en) * 1929-07-27 1936-01-07 American Can Co Method and apparatus for purifying oil in tin coating machines
US2141382A (en) * 1938-08-10 1938-12-27 Pittsburgh Crucible Steel Comp Apparatus for treating plated strip metal
US2388131A (en) * 1943-02-02 1945-10-30 Tennessee Coal Iron And Rallro Method of coating sheets

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US548954A (en) * 1895-10-29 Sylvania
US752768A (en) * 1904-02-23 Petilrs co
US828856A (en) * 1906-02-14 1906-08-14 George E Lockwood Apparatus for feeding and vaporizing oil.
US854006A (en) * 1906-09-24 1907-05-21 Lawrence C Steele Process of tinning or coating metal sheets.
US1772195A (en) * 1927-11-05 1930-08-05 Lawrence C Steele Stripping device for tin-pot feeding
US2026598A (en) * 1929-07-27 1936-01-07 American Can Co Method and apparatus for purifying oil in tin coating machines
US2025768A (en) * 1931-08-15 1935-12-31 Bethlehem Steel Corp Apparatus for and method of applying tin to metallic sheets
US2141382A (en) * 1938-08-10 1938-12-27 Pittsburgh Crucible Steel Comp Apparatus for treating plated strip metal
US2388131A (en) * 1943-02-02 1945-10-30 Tennessee Coal Iron And Rallro Method of coating sheets

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2953473A (en) * 1956-12-03 1960-09-20 American Mollerzing Corp Method and means of coating objects with aluminum

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