US2417822A - Wheeled scraper - Google Patents

Description

March 25, 1947. R. s. HOAR WHEELED SCRAPER Filed Jan. 1'1, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l 0 m ffiwma/n 70M: BY I A IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

March25,1947. R. s. HOAR' 2,417,822

'WHEELED scRAPER Filed Jan. 17, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

IN V EN TOR.

I 7 firm 14am foa BY ATTORNEW.

March 25, 1947. 5, HOAR 2,417,822

WHEELED SCRAPER Filed Jan. 17, 1944 s Sheets-Sheet 3- IN V EN TOR.

' ATZERMS'YS.

Patented Mar. 25, 1947 U-ET WHEELED SCRAPER Application January 17, 1944, Serial No. 518,503

8 Claims. 1

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in wheeled scrapers of the general type shown and described in U. '3. Patent No. 2,152,899, granted April 4, 1939. to Earl B. Maloon, to which patent reference is hereby made, inasmuch as this present invention represents an improvement thereon. Reference is also made to my copending U. S. Patent No. 2,387,263, granted October 23,1945.

In scrapers of the general type covered by those two patents the bowl fillsand dumps at its front end.

The main frame of such a scraper is pivoted at either its front end or rear end to a wheeled truck, and the digging and spreading depth is determined by-raising or lowering the other end with respect to a second truck. This is the first operating function.

In Maloon and in one of the variants of'this present invention, the pivoting is at the front end, and the raising and lowering takes place at the rear end; but this, although advantageous, is not essential-witness the variant of Figures 5, 6, '7 and '8 hereof.

The digging blade is carried rigid with the main frame, though this is not essential.

Adjacent the digging blade is pivoted a dirtextruding curved member, variously termed. For conformity with the nomenclature of the Maloon patent, it will be called a bowl in my specification; although in my claims, to avoid any implication that this member is necessarily bowlshaped, I'shall call it a dumping element. Swing this bowl upward to dump is the second function.

Returning it to load-carrying position is the third function.

There is also a front closure, known as the 'apron. Opening this apron (when digging or dumping), and closing it again for carrying, is the fourth function.

Maloon has two'controls (ropes), one of which "performs the'first function namely depth-control), and the other of which'successively performs the fourth function (apron opening) and 'the second function (dumping). For the third function (bowl return), Maloon depends on grav- .ity,'a1though in another patent (No. 2,198,916, granted April 30, 1940), he performs this function by.a kick-back cam, actuated by the fall of the apron.

L'It isthe principal'object .of my present invention to employ two: controls, one of which perlformstheflrst function (depth control) and. the

other of which performs'the'second function (dumping) and to'provide actuating connections between bowl, main frame and apron, whereby either the forward motion of the bowl to dump, or the lowering of the digging edge,'will perform thefourth function (apron opening).

A further object of my present invention is-to utilize one of these actuating connections to perform the third function (bowl return) thus constituting an improvement over the apparently somewhat similar bowl return means of'UI SL'Patent No."2,304,0'76, grantedDecember 8, 1942, to Trevor 0. Davidson and myself.

In addition to my principal objects, above stated, I have worked out a number of novel and useful details, which will be readily evident as' the description progresses.

My invention consists in'the novelpartsand in the combination and arrangement thereof, which are defined in the appended claims, and 'ofawhich two embodiments are exemplified intheaccompanyin drawings, which'are hereinafter particularly described and explained.

Throughout the description, the'same reference number is applied to the same'member or tosimilar members.

Figures 1,2 and 3 are vertical longitudinal sections of one form of my scraper, in diggingcarrying, and dumping positions respectively.

Figure 4 is a plan view of this variant.

Figures 5, 6, 7 aud t are corresponding views of a second variant.

Figure 9 is a slightly enlarged plan viewof a slack-take-up device employed by me incertain of my control ropes.

Referring now to Figures'l to'4, we see that the implement to which I have applied my invention, includes a forward truckZ and a rear truck 22, supported respectively on two forward wheels 23, and four rear wheels'2- i. In'my claims I shall refer to the forward wheels as the forward ground support, and to the rear wheels as the rear ground support, without intendingthereby to be limited to wheels as a means of ground support. The forward truck 2i is rigidly secured to two side plates 25, preferably having substantially the outline indicated in 'Figures 'l'to 4. Rigidly secured to the side plates 25, I provide a transverse lower beamil, and an upper'beam'Gl, which latter beam may if desired be made of lighter construction than the lower beam. Projecting rearwardly from beams 39 and3l are sheave-supporting brackets Bil.

These parts'constitute parts of theframe' of the implement, and in accordance with the invention they are connectedtogether insuch away as to enable the shoe 26, which is located forward of the bowl 21, to be raised or lowered at will with respect to the ground level. In order to accomplish this, the rear truck 22 is preferably provided with rigidly forwardly projecting side arms 28 that extend forwardly to a point about midway between the two trucks, at which point the arms 28 are connected by pivot pins 29 to the side plates 25. These plates and rigidly associated parts constitute my main dirt container, and will be so called in the claims, although it is evident that this container requires the cooperation of the bowl and apron (to be hereinafter described), in order to contain dirt.

The shoe 26 is preferably rigidly secured at its ends to the side plates 25. and preferably includes an inclined blade 32 that cuts into the earth when the bowl 21 is being filled. Adjacent the shoe and preferably at its rear edge, the bowl 21 is pivotally mounted on a transverse pivot bar 33.

The rear end of the bottom plate 34 of the bowl 21 s preferably bent upwardly to form an integral dished rear head 35 for the bowl.

. When the bowl 21 is in the position of rest as indicated in Figures 1 and 2, the stop bracket 36, carried by the rear end of the bowl. rests against a bumper block 1!) on the upper side of the lower beam 30. and this lim ts the downward movement of the rear end of the bowl.

To catch some of the dirt during digging, to hold the dirt in the bowl 21 and between the side plates 25 during carrying, and to assist in the discharge of the d rt during dumpin I employ an apron 31, pivotally supported on plates 25 by pivot pins 39. I

In this particular variant of my invention, I employ two control ropes. the reev ng of which will nowbe described, still with reference to Figures 1 to 4.

Rope 40 controls the first listed function, namely depth-control. It passes, from a winch (not shown, preferably mounted on the tractor which pulls my scraper). under one of fairlead sheaves 4|, over one of fairlead sheaves 42. over oneof sheaves 43. and several times around sheaves 44,

on the rear truck 22. and sheaves 45 on the brackets 80. Thence it passes to an anchorage 46 adjacent either sheaves 44 or sheaves 45; as shown, it is adjacent the latter. Drawin -in on th s rope 4" draws sheaves 44 and 45 together. as shown in Figures 2 and 3, thus raising the diggin blade 32.

Hope 41 controls the second listed function, namely dum ing. It passes. from the winch (not shown). under one of fairlead sheaves 4|, over one of fairlead sheaves 42, over one of sheaves 43,

around sheave 48 on the top of the bowl 21, and back to an anchora 49 adiacent sheaves 43. Draw n -in on this rope 41 draws sheaves 43 and 48 together. thus tilting the bowl 21 from its carrying position as shown in Figures 1 and 2, to its dumpin position as shown in Figure 3.

Rope 50 s one of the two actuating connections which control the fourth function, namely apron opening. It passes, from an anchorage on the apron 31. over a grooved direction-changing cam 52 on said apron, thence over one of the sheaves 43, thence around one of sheaves 44. to an anchorage 53 on the rear top ofthe bowl 21. The result of this reeving is that whenever the bowl 21 is tilted-forward to dump (thus widening the gap between sheaves 44 and anchorage 53), the tension thus imparted to rope 50 will raise the apron 31, as shown in Figure 3.

A by-produet of this rope 50 is that the weight of apron 31, acting on that reach of rope 50 which is dead-ended to the apron at 5|, will cause the tension in the reach which extends from sheaves 44 to anchorage 53, to tend to return the bowl to its dirt-receiving position after dumping. In this respect it acts somewhat similarly to the kick-back cam of the second Maloon patent already alluded to herein,

The second actuating connection is as follows. Along each side of my scraper extends a bar 8|, pivoted to the rear truck 22 at 82, and sliding on roller 83, depending from front truck 2|. In my claims, I shall generically refer to roller 83 as a slide. Apron 31 has on each side a hooked bracket 84, overhanging side plate 25, and carlying a roller 85, which engages bar 8|.

When the blade 32 is lowered into the digging position shown in Figure 1, by the slackening of rope 40, the engagement of rollers 35 with bars 8|, opens the apron 31, slightly, as shown in Figure 1.

If desired to vary the extent of opening, to suit digging different classes of material, either rollers 83 or rollers 85 could be made adjustable in any obvious manner.

It should be noticed that neither interlock interferes with the other, nor do they cooperate under any given set of circumstances.

Let us now consider my second variant, namely that of Figures 5 to 8.

This present variant is similar to my first variant, namely that of Figures 1 to 4, except that in this present variant the main bowl pivots about the rear wheels rather than about the front wheels. 1

Side plates 25' are built integral with rear truck 22. Arms 12 extend rearwardiy from front truck 2!, to pivots 13 on the side plates.

Rope 14 performs the functions of rope 40 of the first variant. It passes, from a winch (not shown, preferably mounted on the tractor which pulls my scraper), under one of the fairlead sheaves 4|, over one of the fairlead sheaves 42, several times around sheaves 43 on the front truck 2! and sheaves 15 at the front end of side plates 25', to an anchorage.

Rope 16 performs the functions of rope 50 of the first variant. It passes from an anchorage 5| on the apron 31 over a grooved directionchanging cam 52 on said apron, thence over one of sheaves 43, thence over sheave 44 to an anchorage 11 on the rear of bowl 21.

Rope 41 and its associated sheaves and anchorages remain unchanged. But in this variant, roller 85 bears on arm 12.

We come now to my slack-take-up device of ure 9.

Rope 50 of the variant of Figures 1 to 4, and rop 16 of the variant of Figures 5 to 8, are fixedlength ropes. Accordingly, were it not for the further feature which I am about to describe, considerable slack would be introduced into these respective ropes in Figures 1 and 5. While not fatal to operativeness, the presence of this slack would be undesirable for various reasons. Accordingly, optionally, I propose to insert in a gap of each of these two ropes some sort of slacktake-up device, such (for example, but not necessarily) as that shown in Figure 9, and which will now be described. 7 I

Each severed end of the rope 53 is shown attached to the loop of a U-bolt 8!], the feet of each U-bolt being attached to a plate 8! which slides on the other U-bolt. Surrounding the two U-bolts 8D, which-serves as a core for it, and

'5 constrained at its ends by the plates 8 I, is a spiral compression spring 82.

This spring is just merely strong enough to expand to take up slack in the rope 50 (or 16). When any real tension is put into rope 503, as in Figures 2 and 3, or into rope 16, as in Figures 6 and 7, the spring 82 contracts to its limit, and thereafter the rope in question acts as a tension unit, as though this take-up device were not in it.

I-laving now described and illustrated two forms of my invention, I wish it to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specific form or arrangement of parts herein described and shown, except insofar as required by limitations in my claims.

I claim:

1. In a scraper, having: front and rear ground supports; a main dirt container, pivotally supported at one end on a horizontal axis by one of these ground supports, and by the other ground support in such manner that its free end may be raised and lowered with respect to said other ground support; a transverse digging blade, carried by the main dirt container; a dumping element, carried by-the main dirt container, and capable of being moved forwardly to extrude dirt from the main dirt container; a raisable apron, carried by the main dirt container, and adapted when lowered to prevent forward spillage of dirt from the main dirt container; means to raise the free end of the main dirt container, and thereby the blade; and means to move the dumping element forwardly, so as to cause it to extrude dirt; the combination therewith of: apron-opening means, operatively connecting the dumping element to the apron in such manner that thereby the forward moving of the dumping element to extrude dirt will raise the apron; and distinct apron-opening means, comprising an element carried by the apron and a cooperating element supported by the ground supports a substantially fixed distance above the ground, whereby the engagement of these two elements will raise the apron relative to the main dirt container whenever the free end of the main dirt container is lowered.

2. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixed distance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar, supported by both ground supports.

3. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixed distance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar, supported by both ground supports; and that the apron-carried element which engages it is a roller, carried by a hooked bracket on the apron, which bracket overhangs the side of the main dirt container.

4. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixed distance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar, pivotally supported by and adjacent to one ground support, and resting on a slide supported by and adjacent to the other ground support.

5. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that it is the rear ground support which pivotally supports one end of the main dirt container; that the front ground support carries, rigid therewith, two rearwardly extending arms pivoted to the sides of the main dirt container; and that the second apron-opening means comprises said arms plus elements carried by the apron and engaging said arms.

6. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that it is the rear ground support which pivotally supports one end of the main dirt container; that the front ground support carries, rigid therewith, two rearwardly extending arms pivoted to the sides of the main dirt container; and that the second apron-opening means comprises said arms plus rollers carried by hooked brackets on the apron, which brackets overhang the sides of the main dirt container.

'7. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the first actuating means comprises: a tension member, and means to take up slack in said member Whenever the apron is raised by the second actuating means.

8. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the first actuating means comprises: a rope attached to the dumping element; a rope attached to the apron; and a spring connecting the two ropes.

ROGER SHERMAN HOAR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,301,158 Daniels Nov. 3, 1942 2,361,914 Brodersen Nov. 7, 1944

Images