US241685A - mason - Google Patents

Description

H (No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1.

J. MASON. Furnace for Burning Pyrites N. 24|,6s5. Patented lvlay17,|ssl.

(No Model.) a 8111111111--8118912.l

J. MASON. 1 Furnace for Burning Pyrites.

No. 241,685. 1 Pantfed May17,.1881.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JAMEs MAsON, OE EYNsHAM HALL, WITNEY, COUNTY OE OXFORD, ENGLAND.

FU-RNACE FOR BURNING PYRITES.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 241,685, dated May 17, 1881.

Application led December 7, 1880. (No model.) Patented in Great Bn'tain August 4, 1880.

Y To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MASON, a sub: ject of the'Queen of Great Britain, and residing at Eynshain Hall, Witney, county of OX- ford, England, have in vented certain Improve` mentsin Furnaces for BurningPyrites, (for which I have obtained a patent in' GreatBrit. ain, No. 3,196, dated 4th August, 1880,) of which the following isa specification.,

My invention,which relates to improvenien ts in furnaces for burning pyrites, has for its object efecting the burning of pyrites orefor the production of sulphurous acid, with the view to its conversion principally into sulphuric acid and the manipulation of the said ore dur-` ing the process of burning without the aid of manual labor.

Thefurnace employed for carrying out these operations is constructed with a long, narrow, inclined chamber of nre-brick or other suitable material, and` is preferably of rectangular sectionat thesides and the floor, and is closed at its top witha straight or arched roof. Within the said chamber are arranged a series ofiluted cylinders,- all of lsiniilar size and form, with their'axes parallel toteach other, and with a suitable space intervening between each two consecutive cylinders. The row` or series of cylinders is inclined in accordance with the inclination ofthe chamber, the amount of inclina-V tion depending upon the description of orc to be operated'` upon. rIhe cylinders are, by pref erence, made eitherof cast-iron or of lire-clay, but may be of any other material which suffers littleorno deterioration from moderateV friction at a red heat while in contact with the gases setfree during the process. The shafts of theiiuted` cylinders, made ,of Wrought-iron or other suitable in aterial, pro j ect through both sides of the chamber and are carried in suitable bearings` outside of 'the same, the whole of the bearings being secured to strong iron plates or girders bolted to the sides of the fur nace and rigidly held in position. One end of cach shaft is furnished `with a .toothed Wheel, andinto' each'of these wheels is geared the threadof a worm. i All the worms are fixed upon a revolving'shaftfcarried in bearings regulating-slide and rotated mechanically by means of gearing from the main driving-shaft, delivers the ore onto the cylinders in the desired and regular quantity. l

- The upper surface of the cylinders is caused to move during rotation from the first towardl the sccond,lfrom the second toward the third, l and so on, and the ore delivered upon the first v by the hopper is thus carried toward the second and deposited in a heap iii front of the latter, whichpicks it up and carries it forward toward the third, and so on `through the whole series until the last cylinder, which drops the ore into the nal depository. Thus the upper surface of the cylinders forms an artificial bed and laboratory of thefurnace, upon which the usual calcining action is carried out at the same time that the material is gradually and regularly fedinto, tlirough,and outof the furnace Without the aid of manual labor.

In order that my said invention may be fully understood, I shall `now proceed `more particuv larly to describe the saine, and for that purpose shall refer to. the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the gures. A l

Figure 1 of the accoxnp'an yingdrawin gs rep resents aside elevation of a furnace constructed according to my said invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. Bis a transverse sectional elevation taken along the line l 2, Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional elevation taken `alongthe line 3 4l, Fig. 2.`

lVitliin the inclined calciningchainber A is arranged the inclined row of iiuted cylinders B, keyed `upon the shafts b, which are carried in bea-rings b outside theheating-chainher, the said bearings being supported on the longi-` tudinal plates or girders C. Motion is imparted to the said cylinder. from the main shaftD by IOO the worms d, gearing with the wheels b2,.keyed upon the cylinder-shafts b. The ina-in shaft D is supported upon the brackets d', and has moe einem tion imparted to it from the engine or prime mover through the intervention of the wormwheel d2, gearing with the worm d3 upon the counter-shaft d4.

The hopper E, through which the ore is delivered into the calcining-chamber, is itted with a slide or valve, e, and feeding-roller e', the former being opera-ted by a screw and hand wheel,.1, as shown clearly in the dra-wings, while the roller e is operated from the main shaft D by means of the vertical shaft e2, to which motion is imparted by the vbevelwheels c3, the top of the said shaft having keyed upon it a worm, e4, gearing with a wormwheel, e5, which communicates motion to the feeding-roller by means ofthe gearing d6 upon the short shaft di, as shown in Figs. l and 3. The calcining-chamber, as shown in the accompanyin g drawings, is formed with anv arched roof made up of sections a, to which liftinghandles a are attached, in order that the roof may be removed with facility when an inspection of the interior of the calcining-chamber is rendered necessary.

At one end of the chamber, underneath the hopper, is the re-grate F, which is provided with an uptake, G, and damper g, and at the same end is also situate the down-flue H, leading into the main ilue to the acid-chamber, and iitted with the damber h. At the other end of the furnace is the receptacle I for the burned ore, with an outlet, i, provided with a slidingv door, i. From this receptacle also extends a down-due, J, having a damper, j, the said ilne leading to the chimney. Two air-inlets, K, are arranged one on each side of the receptacle I, and are provided with slides or valves for adjusting the quantity oi' air to be admitted.

The furnace is operated in the following manner, videlicet: Motion is irst imparted to the main shaft D from the engine or prime mover through the gearing hereinbefore described, whereby motion is communicated to the tinted cylinders within the calciningchamber and to the feed-roller in the hopper. The air-inlets K in the receptacle I, and the damper hin the flue H, are closed, while the damper g in the receptacle G, and the damper j in the downilue J ,are opened.y The fire is then lighted in the grate, and allowed to heat the calciningchamber and the cylinders to a red heat. Ore is then admitted into the hopper, the fire withdrawn, the fire-door and ash-pit-closed, also the damper 7' in the down-flue J, and the damper g in the uptake G, while the damper his opened, as well as the air-valves K. As the ore descends through the hopper onto the fore plate or valve it ignites and passes onto the cylinders, whence it is gradually carried forward over the whole length of the bed, as hereinbefore described. The process of burning the ore is thus carried out in a thoroughly regular manner without further manual labor and without any additional fuel. As the burned ore a1'- rives at the far end of the chamber it falls into the receptacle I, and is drawn off through the slidingdoor i', which is regulated so as to keepalwaysa certain depth of ore over the opening, to prevent the ingress of air at that point. Any of the ilnted rollers may, if necessary, be removed for repairs, either through openings in the sides of the chamber or by lifting them bodily out with their axles after the removal of one of the roof-sections. The quantity of pyrites passed through the furnace in a given time will depend on the speed given to the cylinders, their length, the size or depth of theflutes, and on the inclinationof the plane through the axes of the cylinders.

When burning small pyrites with cylinders of, say from twelve inches diameter upward, about six to eight revolutions perl hour will probably prove a good working-speed; but for large-sized ore and with cylindersl of great di-- ameter and with deep flutes, a less speed may be advisable. i' I The gearing driving the main shaft, as also that which rotates the vfeed-roller, may be arranged to admit of different speeds, in order to suit variations in the Working.

There is no particular limit to the sizeof the ore used in the process hereinbefore described, so long as the said ore can be fed mechanical-1y through the hopper; but small ore, and, by preference, all below, say three -fourthsinch cube, will probably produce the best rev sults5but I do vnot-confine myself to this limit. I prefer using the ore in separate sizesthat is, each size in a separate furnace-although this is not absolutely necessary. Thus, dust or very small ore may be one class of grains, from the size of a pea to 'one-fourth-inch cube a second class, and from that to a three-fourths- .inch cube a third class, and so on to a larger size, and with even more subdivisions.

The length and diameter of the fluted cylinders will necessarily be varied, according to the dimensions of the furnace.

Having now fully described the said invention and the mannerof carrying the 'same into effect, I would observe,i.n conclusion, that I do not claim herein, perse, a furnace having a calcining-chamber with a bed vformed of roll- IOQ ers for transporting the material -to be operated upon through saidchamber; but

What I do claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is A' f l. The combination, with a vcalcini-ng-chamber, a series of inted rollers inl said chamber,

and mechanism for rotating said rollers, of a nre-chamber, fines controlled by dampers connecting the nre-chamber with the calciningchamber, a ilue leading to a chimney for carrying off the products of combustion', air-inlets for admitting air directly into the calciningchamber, and fines independent of aforesaid chimney-line for carrying offl the products of calcination, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a calcining-chamber, a series of flnted rollers therein, an exterior shaft and gearing for imparting motion from said shaft to said rollers, of a feed-hopper extending the width of said chamber, a feed-roller revolving in the throat of said hopper and connected by gearing with the aforesaid shaft, and a regulatin g-gate, substantially 5 as described, so that the ore is delivered into ro ber7 a series of luted rollers therein, and mechanism for rotating the said rollers, of a feedhopper, a reeha1nberwith flues and dampers, and outlet-dues for carrying 0E the fumes and gases from the roasting ore at one end of I5 said oaleiniug-oharnber, andY a lue leading to a chimney for oarryingof' the products of combustion from the fire-chamber, air-inlets 'for admitting air to the roasting ore, and an outlet for the ore at the other end of the calciuing-ehamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JAMES MASON. Witnesses: WALTER H. HUNT, 29 Wellington SQua-rQHOjbrd, articled Clerk to a Solicitor. l

HARRY RLUoAs, 117 High Street, Oxford, Sol'ictors Clerk.

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