US2408806A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

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' scRAPER Filed Aug. 2, 1943l 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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SCRAPER Filed Aug. 2, 1943 4 sheets-sheet s INVENTOR.

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SCRAPER Filed Aug. 2, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENT OR.

BY Mgg/W AUORNBYS.

Patented Oct. `8, 1946 l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SCRAPER .George W. Mork, South Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to Bucyrus-Erie Company, South Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application August 2, 1943, Serial No. 495,981

11 Claims. 1

My invention relates to new and useful immovements in wheeled Scrapers, and more particularly to that type of such Scrapers, in which the bowl lills at its front end and dumps at its rear end. Y

ln devices of this sort, the bowl is pivoted, adjacent its rear lower corners, to the carrying frame. A single hydraulic cylinder, or a pair of cylinders, mounted on the frame, serves to rotate the bowl about its pivot, in either direction from its neutral (i. e., carrying) position.

Each end of the bowl is provided with a closure, the front closure being known as the apron, and the rear closure being known as the end gate.

When the bowl tips downward into its digging position, the apron opens. When the bowl tips upward into its dumping position, the end gate opens.

But, although these functions have been attained in the prior art with a fair degree of satisfaction, I have found it desirable to eifect the following improvements.

The arms of the apron should be lengthened, and should be pivoted adjacent the rear end of the bowl. This causes the apron to rise nearly vertically, when opening, thus minimizing any lendency to jam.

The lower forward edges of the side plates of the bowl should be reinforced with a side cutter, which should be reversible.

The end gate, instead of being rigidly mounted on the arms which manipulate it to open it, should be pivotally mounted thereon, so that (l) it will normally be assured of full closing, and (2) it will remain open, if rocks and other obstructions prevent its closing, rather than to stra-in the mechanism by attempting to close it forcibly, and (3) when the bowl is tilted from digging position to carrying position the rear gate will loosen slightly so as not to jam.

Means should be provided to strengthen the bowl, and at the same time increase its capacity without increasing its size or materially increasing its weight.

Means should be provided to lock the bowl in carrying position. so as to take the load off the hydraulic cylinders, and this lock should be automatically disengageable.

The bowl-lowering device of U. S. Patent No. 2,308,534, issued January 19, 1943, to 'I'homas R. Paulsen, should be adapted to use on this type of scraper.

The attainment of these desiderata is the principal object of my invention. Y

In addition to my principal objects, above stated, I have worked out a number of novel and useful details, which will be readily evident as the description progresses.

My invention consists in the novel parts and in the combination and arrangement thereof, which are defined in the appended claims, and of which one embodiment is exemplified in the accompanying drawings, which are hereinafter particularly described and explained.

Throughout the description, the same reference number is applied to the same member or to similar members.

Figures l, 2, and 3 are side elevations of one variant of my scraper, in digging, carrying and dumping positions respectively.

VFigure 4 is a plan View of that same variant, in carrying position.

Figure 5 is an enlarged side elevation of the reversible side cutter, in place.

Figure 6 is an enlarged end elevation of the reversible side cutter, taken along the lines Ii-B of ligure 5.

Figures 7, 8, and 9 are side elevations of a second variant of my scraper (namely the variant which involves the bowl-lowering feature), and show the scraper in digging, carrying and dumping positions respectively.

`Figure l0 is a plan View of this same variant, in carrying position.

Referring now to Figure 4, we see that II, II

are the side beams, and I2 is the cross beam, and

I3 is the tongue, of the main frame of my scraper. The tongue I3 extends to the tractor (not shown) which pulls my scraper. Wheels i4, I4 support the frame.

Turning now more particularly to Figures l, 2, and 3, We see that the bowl I5 is pivoted at IS to the side beams II. The bowl has a digging edge I1.

Hydraulic cylinders I8 are mounted in an elevated position on the main frame, well forward and out of the way of the digging elements. The cylinders rotate the bowl I5 about its pivot t5, by means of piston rods I9, rocker-arms 20, and connecting-rods 2l. The cylinders are fed from a source (not shown) on the tractor, bymeans of piping (not shown), and may be controlled, preferably from the drivers seat (not shown) in any convenient conventional manner (not shown).

Considering the carrying position of Figure 2 as neutral, it will be seen that a retraction of piston-rod I9 will lower the bowl I5 to the digging position shown in Figure 1,. and that al.

thrusting ont of this piston-rod will raise the bowl to the dumping position shown in Figure 3.

The side walls of the bowl are reinforced by a system of bracing ribbing 22, on which are lcated all the pivot points (hereinbefore or hereinafter referred to) and one of the points of attachment of the side cutter (hereinafter referred to).

There is also on each side plate a bracing rib 22A, which performs three functions: i. e., it reinforces the side plate, it serves as a point of attachment for the side cutter, and it serves as a rubbing plate and spacer for the arms of th apron 2f.' (hereinafter referred to).

The bowl i5 is also reinforced by two crossbraces 23, of triangular cross-section. The forward one of these two braces serves the dual purpose of a cross-brace and a baille, I having found that its substantial downward rearward face is sufficient to prevent clirt from spilling forf wardly over the top of the apron. Thus this brace greatly increases the capacity of the bowl.

The apron 2d is rigidly secured to two apronarms 25, which in turn are pivoted to the bowl l 5 at 26, adjacent to the pivots 2l of the connecting-rods 2l.

The connecting-rods 2l extend to the rear beyond pivots 2l. Arms 28 of end gate 29 are pivoted to the connecting-rods 2i at SG adjacent pivots If a line be drawn, on Figures 1 and 2, from pivot point 2 to the point where the bottom of end gate rests on the rear end of the iioor of bowl I5, it will be seen that pivot point 35 lies approximately the same distance above that line in Figure i (the carrying position) as it lies below that line in Figure 2 (the digging position). This means that, when the bowl is tilted from the digging position to the carrying position, pivot point Sil moves in a short arc which is substantially a straight line perpendicular to the above-mentioned line. This motion tilts the end gate rearwardly very slightly about its bottom point, thus loosening it slightly, and thus insuring against it jamming.

A bracket 3i on each end gate arm 28 carries an adjustable stop 3E, capable of engaging the rear end of connecting-rod 2l. rihus, by the engagement between this stop and the rear end of the connecting-rod, the tilting of the bowl from the carrying position of Figure 2 to the dumping position of Figure 3, will cause the end gate to open; but, in the carrying position of Figure the stop will come away from the connecting-rod 'so that the end gate will rest on its closed position on the bowl; and, if rocks or other obstructions prevent the gate from closing, the bowl can nevertheless return to carrying position, without strain, in spite of the gate being jammed open. This form of end gate construction can be employed on other dumping containers than scrapers, and even on the front ends of front-dumping containers.

The apron is opened in the followingmanner. When the bowl l5 is tilted from the carrying position of Figure 2 to the digging position of Figure l, rails 34 on the bottom of the apron engage and roll upon rollers 33. These rollers are adjustable in any convenient manner, three positions being shown in Figure 1. The higher the rollers, the wider will the apron open duringV digging.l Thus the extent of opening of the apron can be related to the-stickiness or" the material beingexcavated. j

To take the load oithe cylinders I8 Iduring carrying, there is pivoted on each side beam Il,

a rod 3f', capable of engaging in a socket 3G on the rocker-arm 20, when in carrying position, as shown in Figure 2. When not in use, the rod 35 lies on the side beam Il, as shown in Figures 1 and 3. It is to be noted that this device, although set manually, can be unset by merely tilting the bowl slightly toward dumping position.

The lower portions of the forward edges of the side plates of the bowl I5 are each reinforced by a cutting plate 3l, which is shown in more detail in Figures 5 and 6.

Turning to these gures, we see that the cutting plate 3l' has a cutting edge 38, and live bolt holes, three of which accommodate bolts 39 for bolting to the side plates of the bowl i5, and two of which accommodate bolts 40 for bolting to the bracing ribs 22 and 22A.

It will be noted that these cutting plates 3'! are symmetrical, and hence reversible by interchanging them. Inasmuch as the Wear comes on the lower portion of each, this reversibility prolongs their life.

Along the upper edge of each side plate of the apron 2 .is a wiper bar 4|, which partially closes the gap between these side plates and the side plates of the bowl I5.

Turning now to Figures 7 to 10, let us consider the second variant of my scraper. Insofar as the parts thereof are the same as those of the rst variant, they will not be numbered nor discussed, except so far as necessary to illuminate the description of the changed parts.

In this second variant, instead of the wheels ill icing pivoted on side beams Il as in the iirst Variant, they are pivoted on extensions 42 of rocker-arms EEA.-

Accordingly the entire scraper is lowered for digging (Figure '1); is raised for carrying (Figure 8) ;,and is raised slightly, but not appreciably, farther, for dumping (Figure 9). During digging, this expedient keeps the bottom of the bowl more nearly level than would otherwise be the case, and thus renders the bowl more easy to iill.

Having now described and illustrated two forms r of my invention, I wish it to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specic form or arrangement of parts hereinbefore described, except insofar as the limitations are specified in the appended claims.

Whenever in the claims I use the phrase pivotally supported by, it is intended to be generic to a direct pivotal support or an indirect pivotal support, at the location specified.

I claim:

l. Ina dumping container, the combination of: a frame; ground supports for said frame; the container proper, pivoted at one end adjacent its bottom on the frame, for tilting movement in a vertical plane, said container proper being open at its pivoted end; a longitudinally reciprocable rod on each side of the container proper, pivoted to theside thereof, and supported by the means for forcibly reciprocating these rods; an end gate pivotally supported by the rod-contailler-proper assembly, adjacent the pivotal connection between the rods and the container proper; and stop means between the gate and the rods, to limit the downward swinging of the gate with respect to the rods.

2. A dumping container, according to claim 1, furthercharacterized by the fact that the stop means are adjustable.

3. A dumping container according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that themeans for reciprocating each rod comprises: a rockerarm, pivoted on the frame; a cylinder-piston assembly pivoted on the frame and on the rockerarm; and a pivotal connection between the rocker-arm and that end of the rod furthest from the gate.

4. In a dumping container, the combination of: a frame; ground supports for said frame; the container proper, pivoted at one end adjacent its bottom on the frame, for tilting movement in a vertical plane, said container proper being open at its pivoted end; a longitudinally reciprocable rod on each side of the container proper, pivoted to the side thereof, and supported by the frame; means for forcibly reciprocating these rods; an end gatepivoted on these rods, adjacent their points of pivotal attachment to the container proper; and stop means between the gate and the rods, to limit the downward swinging of the gate with respect to the rods.

5. A dumping container, according to claim 4, further characterized by the fact that the stop means are adjustable.

6. A dumping container according to claim 4, further characterized by the fact that the means for reciprocating each rod comprises: a rockerarm, pivoted on the frame; a cylinder-piston assembly pivoted on the frame and on the rockerarm; and a pivotal connection between the rocker-arm and that end of the rod furthest from the gate.

7. A dumping container according to claim 4, further characterized by the fact that the point of pivotal support of the end gate is so located below and toward the dumping end of the container from the point of pivotal attachment of the rod and the container that when the container is tilted from digging to carrying position the first above-mentioned pivot will move in a path substantially perpendicular to thel line which runs from the second above-mentioned pivot to the point of contact between the bottom of the gate and the container, thereby slightly loosening the gate from the container in carrying position, and thus avoiding jamming the contents of the container.

8. A dumping container according to claim 4, further characterized by the fact that the point of pivotal support of the end gate when the container is in digging position, is located a given distance below the line which runs from the point of pivotal attachment of the rod and the container to the point of contact between the bottom of the gate and the container; and, when the container is in carrying position, is located approximately the same distance above that line.

9. In a scraper, the combination of a frame; ground supports for said frame; a bowl pivoted at its rear end adjacent its bottom on the frame, for tilting movement in a vertical plane, said bowl being open at its front end, and having a digging edge at its front end; a longitudinally reciprocable rod on each side of the bowl, pivoted to the side of the bowl; a rocker-arm pivoted at its lower end on the frame, and at its upper end on the forward end of the rod, and having a downward extension pivoted on one of the ground supports; and means to rock the rocker-arm; whereby, when the rocker arms are rocked to tilt the bowl forwardly into digging position, the frame is lowered with respect to the ground supports, thus lowering the bowl pivot.

10. In a scraper, the combinaion of: a frame; ground supports for said frame; a bowl pivoted at its rear end adjacent its bottom on the frame, for tilting movement in a vertical plane; a longitudinally reciprocable rod on each side of the bowl, pivoted to the side of the bowl; a rockerarm pivotally supported by the frame, and pivoted on the forward end of the rod; means to rock the rocker-arm; and a lock between the frame and at least one rocker-arm, whereby to hold the bowl in carrying position, said lock comprising a downwardly facing socket carried by the rocker-arm, and a cooperating compression bar, pivotally supported by the frame, and tiltable into end engagement with the socket.

11. A dumping container, according to claim 4, further characterized by the fact that the point of pivotal support of the end gate is located a slight distance toward the dumping end of the container away from the pivotal axis of connection of the rods to the container.

GEORGE W. MORK.

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