US2408381A - Resilient filaments - Google Patents

Resilient filaments Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2408381A
US2408381A US505165A US50516543A US2408381A US 2408381 A US2408381 A US 2408381A US 505165 A US505165 A US 505165A US 50516543 A US50516543 A US 50516543A US 2408381 A US2408381 A US 2408381A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
fibers
staple
cellulose
staple fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US505165A
Inventor
Frederick G Dodge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US505165A priority Critical patent/US2408381A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2408381A publication Critical patent/US2408381A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates

Definitions

  • Another object of my invention is to provide a process tor the treatment of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose filamentary materials to render the latter more resilient and to impart thereto a voluminous structure.
  • Filaments having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose in staple fiberform have been'found to possess excellent insulating characteristics when employed in the manufacture of comforters, sleeping bags and like articles.
  • Continuous artificial filaments having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose differ from materials such as cotton and wool in that the artificial filaments are relatively smooth. They do not possess a crimped or crinkled structure, such as that found in naturally, occurring fibers such as wool, which structure is largely responsible for the character istic hand or fullness of said materials.
  • filamentary materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, and particularly filaments in staple fiber form may be treated so as to impart a substantially permanent crimped or crinkled structure thereto.
  • filamentary materials having a basis of cellulose acetate are immersedin a liquid medium having at least a softening action on'the cellulose acetate fi1am'ents,"and, after the excess liquid-is 7 Claims. (Cl. 8-431) character of the filaments removed from the filaments, they are then immersed in water at an elevated temperature.
  • filaments are maintained in the Water bath for a short time after which the Water is removed and the treated filaments are dried with heated air.
  • This treatment effects a marked change'in the In place of their originally smooth and straight structure, .the filaments are 'now permanently crimped or crinkled and possess a full and elastic hand substantially similar to that possessed by wool.
  • the filaments are far more resilient than prior .to treatment and recover their original voluminous structure even after the prolonged application of action on the cellulose acetate filaments may be employed.
  • liquids examples include aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol, containing from to 95.5% of the alcohol, aqueous, solutions of acetone containing from 20 to of acetone, and aqueous solutions of acetone containing ethyl and/or methyl alcohol, for example, those solutions containing from 10% to 40% of acetone and from 10 to 50% of ethyl and/or methyl alcohol.
  • Solutionscontaining ethyl alcohol, acetone or methyl alcohol together with organic liquids which do not exert any softeningor swelling action on the cellulose acetate filaments such as benzol andtoluol, xylol or. paraffinichydrocarbons may also be employed.
  • aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol containing from 7.0 to by volume of the alcoholas the. treating medium.
  • the alcoholic solutions may beat a temperature of from 65 to F. during treatment and the filaments may be maintained therein for from 5 to 60 seconds.
  • the temperature is preferably about 90F. and the filaments are usually maintained therein for about 30 seconds. Following this treatment, the excess liquid is removed in any convenient manner, such as, for examplecentrifuging.
  • the moist filaments are removed from the centrifuge after the solvent treatment and are then placed in a water bath at a temperature of 60 to 212 F.”, preferably about to F. for 1 to 5 seconds. Atthefend of this period the filaments are removed from the water bath, centrifuged I drying is suitable.
  • the filaments may be dried,
  • the air may be at a temperature of 68 to 300 F.
  • the filaments may be treated while in a continuous filamentary form but preferably they are converted into relatively short staplelengths, for example from 3 to 6 inches in length, beforebeing. treated.
  • the filaments may be prepared in any con-- venient manner well known to the art suchas by dry-spinning or wet-spinning operations; Preferably, we employ filamentshav-ing; a basis of an. organic derivative of cellulose which. are prepared by dry-spinning operations. A particularly valuable product is obtained when I employ those dryspun filaments which are not subjected to any tension or draw-down during the spinning operation as, for example, those filaments prepared" in accordance with the process of U. S. Patent No. 2,290,929.
  • the filaments may be. of; any convenient; denier; excellent results being achieved with filamentsiof 1.5 to 30 denien;
  • Example Cellulose acetate.- filaments. are: dry-spun with.- out. tension or: draw-down. employing. a' solution of cellulose acetate. in acetone containing: about 25 by weight oiicellulose; acetate. and: 7 by weight of 95/5 acetone/water; The filaments. are spun so as.to. be. approximately 6 denier per filament". The continuous filaments are then cut into staple fiber' in any convenient manner in which the fibersarefrom 3.to. Binchesinl'ength.
  • the fibers After being suitably opened and loosened up, the fibers, in the form of a bundle, are dipped into a solution containing 80% by volume of completelydenatured ethanol and 20% by volume of water, maintained at 90 F., for 30 seconds; The treated fibers are removed from thesolution and theexcess liquid is removed.- by centrifuging. From the. centrifugethe. fibers are placed in a water bath at atemperature of 1-5'0- to 1 60 FL and held therein for about 5 seconds.
  • the fibers After being removed from the water bath, the fibers are centrifuged againto remove as much Water as possible; and are dried ina rotary drier with air at about 200 F;
  • the staple fiber treated in 'thi's manner" is observed to have lost the soft and typical handof cellulose acetate" fibers and now possesses aharsh, voluminous andresilient hand greatly resemblin that of" wool;
  • Thefibers are substantially permanently crimped andeven' after bein subjected to an appreciable pressure fora considerable period of time,,.the fibers resume their. original lofty character and form when the. pressure isremoved.
  • While. our invention. hasbeenmore particularly described in connection with the. treatment of artificial filaments. having, a.v basis. of cellulose acetate, it may be. employed in connection with thetreatment. ofI filaments haying ab'asisoflotherl organic. derivatives of. cellulose. for example, cela Iul'ose, esters such as. cellulose, propionate and. collulose. butyrate, mixed esters such as. cellulose acetate-propionate and cellulose. acetateebutyrate, and cellulose ethers. such as ethyl cellulose andbenzyl cellulose.
  • swelling agent as employed in the appended claims is to be construed as including within its scope substances which not only have a swelling effect on the organic derivative of cellulose but which may also have a, solvent action thereon.
  • Process for the production of voluminous, permanently crimped artificial staple fibers which comprises. immersing relaxed, unstretched andv una-ssocratedv dry-spun staple fibers, having a basis of arr. organic derivative of cellulose and prepared. from filaments spun without any tension being exerted thereon, in an aqueous liquid medium containing a water-soluble swelling agent having at least a softening action on the organic derivative of cellulose, removing excess liquid from the. staple fibers, immersing. thevstaple. fibers inv water at atemperature of about. 150 to 1 60 B1,, removing the water from the staple: fibers and drying the staple. fibers, whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple. fibers are produced.
  • Process. for the production of voluminous; permanently crimped artificial; staple fibers which. comprises: immersing, relaxed, unstretchecl and unassociated. dry-spun. staple. fibers, having a basis. of; cellulose acetate andprepared: from filaments spun with-outrany tension bein exerted thereon, containing from 7.0 to 90% volume of. ethyl alcohol for from. 5. to 60 seconds, removing excess.- liquid: from the. staple fibers; immersing the staplefibers in water at.-.a'- tempe1rature of about 139 1.60% forfroirr 1 to: 5 seconds,. removing. the. water from the. staple fibers: anddry-ing the staplefi bers whereby; vole uminous, permanently crimped staple fibers. are

Description

Patented Oct. 1, 194
' UNITED STATES PATENT *oF FicE I, 7 V f, tRE SILIENT FILAMENTS I 7 Frederick G. Dodge, La Vale, MtL, assignor to 001- l anese Corporation of America; a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application October 6,1943, Serial No. 505,165
ing a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose whereby said filaments may be permanently crimped. I Another object of my invention is to provide a process tor the treatment of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose filamentary materials to render the latter more resilient and to impart thereto a voluminous structure.
, Other objects of myinvention will appear hereinafter from the followingdetailed description. Filaments having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose in staple fiberform have been'found to possess excellent insulating characteristics when employed in the manufacture of comforters, sleeping bags and like articles. Continuous artificial filaments having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose differ from materials such as cotton and wool in that the artificial filaments are relatively smooth. They do not possess a crimped or crinkled structure, such as that found in naturally, occurring fibers such as wool, which structure is largely responsible for the character istic hand or fullness of said materials. Consequently, when the ordinary artificial filaments having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose are subjected to prolonged pressure, as, for example, in a sleeping bag, they tend to become matted and upon release of the pr'essure'do not fully return to their original voluminous state. This matting causes the dead air spaces in said artificial filamentary materials to be reduced in volume and the latter gradually lose some of their insulating properties which, of course, is a'definite disadvantage which tends seriously to restricttheir usefulness.
I have now discovered,however, that artificial filamentary materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, and particularly filaments in staple fiber form, may be treated so as to impart a substantially permanent crimped or crinkled structure thereto. In accordance with the novel process of my invention, filamentary materials having a basis of cellulose acetate are immersedin a liquid medium having at least a softening action on'the cellulose acetate fi1am'ents,"and, after the excess liquid-is 7 Claims. (Cl. 8-431) character of the filaments removed from the filaments, they are then immersed in water at an elevated temperature. The
filaments are maintained in the Water bath for a short time after which the Water is removed and the treated filaments are dried with heated air. This treatment effects a marked change'in the In place of their originally smooth and straight structure, .the filaments are 'now permanently crimped or crinkled and possess a full and elastic hand substantially similar to that possessed by wool. Furthermore, the filaments are far more resilient than prior .to treatment and recover their original voluminous structure even after the prolonged application of action on the cellulose acetate filaments may be employed. Examples of such liquids are aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol, containing from to 95.5% of the alcohol, aqueous, solutions of acetone containing from 20 to of acetone, and aqueous solutions of acetone containing ethyl and/or methyl alcohol, for example, those solutions containing from 10% to 40% of acetone and from 10 to 50% of ethyl and/or methyl alcohol. Solutionscontaining ethyl alcohol, acetone or methyl alcohol together with organic liquids which do not exert any softeningor swelling action on the cellulose acetate filaments such as benzol andtoluol, xylol or. paraffinichydrocarbons may also be employed. Preferably, We employ aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol containing from 7.0 to by volume of the alcoholas the. treating medium. The alcoholic solutions may beat a temperature of from 65 to F. during treatment and the filaments may be maintained therein for from 5 to 60 seconds. When employing aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol, the temperature is preferably about 90F. and the filaments are usually maintained therein for about 30 seconds. Following this treatment, the excess liquid is removed in any convenient manner, such as, for examplecentrifuging. v
The moist filaments are removed from the centrifuge after the solvent treatment and are then placed in a water bath at a temperature of 60 to 212 F.", preferably about to F. for 1 to 5 seconds. Atthefend of this period the filaments are removed from the water bath, centrifuged I drying is suitable. The filaments may be dried,
for example; by being placed upon screens or racks and entered into a chamber through which hot air is 'circulated,'or the filamentsmay be.
placed in a rotary drier in which they are tumbled about while hot air passes therethrough. During the drying operation, the air may be at a temperature of 68 to 300 F.
The filaments may be treated while in a continuous filamentary form but preferably they are converted into relatively short staplelengths, for example from 3 to 6 inches in length, beforebeing. treated.
The filaments may be prepared in any con-- venient manner well known to the art suchas by dry-spinning or wet-spinning operations; Preferably, we employ filamentshav-ing; a basis of an. organic derivative of cellulose which. are prepared by dry-spinning operations. A particularly valuable product is obtained when I employ those dryspun filaments which are not subjected to any tension or draw-down during the spinning operation as, for example, those filaments prepared" in accordance with the process of U. S. Patent No. 2,290,929. The filaments; may be. of; any convenient; denier; excellent results being achieved with filamentsiof 1.5 to 30 denien;
In. order further to illustrate my invention but Without being limited. thereto, the following ex.- ample is given.
Example Cellulose acetate.- filaments. are: dry-spun with.- out. tension or: draw-down. employing. a' solution of cellulose acetate. in acetone containing: about 25 by weight oiicellulose; acetate. and: 7 by weight of 95/5 acetone/water; The filaments. are spun so as.to. be. approximately 6 denier per filament". The continuous filaments are then cut into staple fiber' in any convenient manner in which the fibersarefrom 3.to. Binchesinl'ength.
After being suitably opened and loosened up, the fibers, in the form of a bundle, are dipped into a solution containing 80% by volume of completelydenatured ethanol and 20% by volume of water, maintained at 90 F., for 30 seconds; The treated fibers are removed from thesolution and theexcess liquid is removed.- by centrifuging. From the. centrifugethe. fibers are placed in a water bath at atemperature of 1-5'0- to 1 60 FL and held therein for about 5 seconds. After being removed from the water bath, the fibers are centrifuged againto remove as much Water as possible; and are dried ina rotary drier with air at about 200 F; The staple fiber treated in 'thi's manner" is observed to have lost the soft and typical handof cellulose acetate" fibers and now possesses aharsh, voluminous andresilient hand greatly resemblin that of" wool; Thefibersare substantially permanently crimped andeven' after bein subjected to an appreciable pressure fora considerable period of time,,.the fibers resume their. original lofty character and form when the. pressure isremoved.
While. our invention. hasbeenmore particularly described in connection with the. treatment of artificial filaments. having, a.v basis. of cellulose acetate, it may be. employed in connection with thetreatment. ofI filaments haying ab'asisoflotherl organic. derivatives of. cellulose. for example, cela Iul'ose, esters such as. cellulose, propionate and. collulose. butyrate, mixed esters such as. cellulose acetate-propionate and cellulose. acetateebutyrate, and cellulose ethers. such as ethyl cellulose andbenzyl cellulose.
It is to be understood that. the foregoing de.-
therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.
The expression swelling agent as employed in the appended claims is to be construed as including within its scope substances which not only have a swelling effect on the organic derivative of cellulose but which may also have a, solvent action thereon.
Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. Process for the production of voluminous, permanently crimped artificial staple fibers, which comprises. immersing relaxed, unstretched andv una-ssocratedv dry-spun staple fibers, having a basis of arr. organic derivative of cellulose and prepared. from filaments spun without any tension being exerted thereon, in an aqueous liquid medium containing a water-soluble swelling agent having at least a softening action on the organic derivative of cellulose, removing excess liquid from the. staple fibers, immersing. thevstaple. fibers inv water at atemperature of about. 150 to 1 60 B1,, removing the water from the staple: fibers and drying the staple. fibers, whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple. fibers are produced.
2. Process for the production of voluminous, permanently crimped. artificial. staple. fibers, which. comprises immersing relaxed, unstretched and unassociated dry-spun staple fibers, having a basis of cellulose. acetate. and prepared from filaments spun without any tension. being exerted. thereon, in. an. aqueous liquid. medium. containing a water-soluble swellingv agent having at. least a. softening. action. on. the celluloseace.- tate, removing. excess. liquid from the staplefibers, immersing the. staple. fibers in water at a. temperature of about. 150. to. 160? F., removing; the water from the staple fibers and drying thestaple fibers; whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple fibers are. produced;
3. Process for, the production of. voluminous; permanently crimped artificialstaple; fibers; which comprises immersing relaxed, unstre-tched and. unassociatedl dry-spun staple: fibers, having a basis of. cellulose. acetate. and prepared. from filaments. spun. without. any tension being. exerted thereon, containing from 70 to by volume of ethyl alcohol, removing excess liquid from the staple fibers,v immersing the staple fibers in water at. a. temperature. ofv about 150. to 160 F., removing; the water from the staple fibers and drying. the staple fibers, whereby voluminous; permanently crimped staplev fibers are produced.
4. Process. for the production of voluminous; permanently crimped artificial; staple fibers; which. comprises: immersing, relaxed, unstretchecl and unassociated. dry-spun. staple. fibers, having a basis. of; cellulose acetate andprepared: from filaments spun with-outrany tension bein exerted thereon, containing from 7.0 to 90% volume of. ethyl alcohol for from. 5. to 60 seconds, removing excess.- liquid: from the. staple fibers; immersing the staplefibers in water at.-.a'- tempe1rature of about 139 1.60% forfroirr 1 to: 5 seconds,. removing. the. water from the. staple fibers: anddry-ing the staplefi bers whereby; vole uminous, permanently crimped staple fibers. are
produced. I
5-. Process. for: theproduction 0st voluminous; permanently crimped; artificial. staple: fibers; which. comprises immersing, relaxed unstretched andunassociated' dry-spurt staple fibers, having a basis of cellulose acetate-.- and prepared from filaments. spunwithout any tension being: exerted thereon, containing from 7-0: to 90% by volume of ethyl alcohol fr from to .60 seconds at a temperature or to 110 F., removing excess liquid from the staple fibers, immersing the staple fibers Water at a temperature of about 150 to 160 FylfOI' from 1 to 5 seconds, removing the water from the staple fibers and drying the staple fibers, whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple'fibrs are produced.
6. Process forth'e production of voluminous,
permanently crimped artificial staple fibers;
which comprises immersing relaxed, unstretched and unassociated dry-spun staple fibers, having a basis of cellulose acetate and prepared from the staple fibers and drying the staple fibers,
, fibers .are produced.
whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple '7.*Process for the production of voluminou permanently crimped artificial staple fibers, which comprises immersing relaxed, unstretched and unassociated dry-spun staple fibers, having a basis of cellulose acetate and prepared from filaments spun iwithout any tension being exerted thereon, containing by volume of. ethyl alcohol for about 30 seconds at a temperature of F., removing excess liquid from the staple fibers, immersing the staple fibers in water at a temperature of about to F. for about 5 seconds, removing the water from the staple fibers and drying the staple fibers, whereby voluminous, permanently crimped staple fibers are produced. a
' FREDERICK G. DODGE.
US505165A 1943-10-06 1943-10-06 Resilient filaments Expired - Lifetime US2408381A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US505165A US2408381A (en) 1943-10-06 1943-10-06 Resilient filaments

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US505165A US2408381A (en) 1943-10-06 1943-10-06 Resilient filaments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2408381A true US2408381A (en) 1946-10-01

Family

ID=24009290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US505165A Expired - Lifetime US2408381A (en) 1943-10-06 1943-10-06 Resilient filaments

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2408381A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831748A (en) * 1952-02-26 1958-04-22 British Celanese Process for melt spinning crimped filaments
US3145075A (en) * 1959-11-17 1964-08-18 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Process for chemically curling cellulose acetates
US3498741A (en) * 1965-08-27 1970-03-03 Celanese Corp Secondary cellulose acetate with high safe ironing temperature and process therefor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831748A (en) * 1952-02-26 1958-04-22 British Celanese Process for melt spinning crimped filaments
US3145075A (en) * 1959-11-17 1964-08-18 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Process for chemically curling cellulose acetates
US3498741A (en) * 1965-08-27 1970-03-03 Celanese Corp Secondary cellulose acetate with high safe ironing temperature and process therefor

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2264229A (en) Process for treating fibers and the products produced
US2161808A (en) Treatment of textile materials
US2235141A (en) Treatment of artificial materials
US2408381A (en) Resilient filaments
US1808098A (en) Treatment of threads, fabrics, or other materials composed of or containing artificial filaments
US2277163A (en) Treatment of artificial textile materials
US1989101A (en) Process for improving artificial fibers or fabrics
GB402105A (en) Improvements in processes for the treatment of filaments, threads, fabrics and the like, of organic esters of cellulose
US2238977A (en) Production of cellulose derivative cut staple fibers
US2147640A (en) Production of artificial materials
US1959350A (en) Manufacture or treatment of textile or other material
US2088589A (en) Manufacture or treatment of materials made of or containing cellulose esters or ethers
US2200389A (en) Production and treatment of textile fabrics
US3025129A (en) Process for increasing the crystallinity and safe ironing temperature of cellulose triacetate textiles with acetone mixtures
US3025128A (en) Process for increasing the crystallinity and safe ironing temperature of cellulose triacetate textiles with aromatic chemical swelling agents
US2147641A (en) Production of artificial filaments, films, and like materials
US1554801A (en) Manufacture and application of fibers and fabrics
US2431435A (en) Production of crinkled cellulose ester filaments
US1709470A (en) Treatment of cellulose acetate artificial silk
US2072250A (en) Treatment of filaments, films, and similar materials containing organic derivatives of cellulose
US2460400A (en) Methods for the treatment of regenerated cellulose thread
US1895919A (en) Saponification of cellulose esters
US2255766A (en) Treatment of artificial textile
US2394212A (en) Manufacture of artificial products
US2393712A (en) Recovery of wool from mixed woolcellulose acetate textiles