US2389293A

US2389293A - Inhalant hood

Info

Publication number: US2389293A
Application number: US494323A
Authority: US
Inventors: John A Blosser
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1943-07-12
Filing date: 1943-07-12
Publication date: 1945-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1962-11-20

Description

Nov. 20, 1945. J; A. xaLssER INHALANT HOOD Nov. 20, 1945.

J. A. BLossER 2,389,293 f yINHALANT HOOD l Filed July 12, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR l JOHN L BLcssER Y 74 9W; ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 20, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 'INHALAN T HOOD John A. Blosser, Oakland, Calif.

Application July 12, 1943, Serial No. 494,323;

s claims. (c1. 12s- 140) f The invention relates to a head-receiving hood or tent designed for use in administering an inhalant to a reclining person.

A general object of the invention is to provide a particularly simple and compact and inexpensive hood for the administration of oxygen and other inhalants in gas therapy treatments and the like.

Another object is to provide a portable and folding hood structure which is adapted for eld use in times of war or public calamity, as Well as in hospital and other buildings.

A further object is to provide a hood of the class described having its members inseparably associated and` arranged for cooperation to provide a form-retaining hood or for their mutual folding together in a compact and flat package.

Yet another object is to provide a hood of the character described having transparent side Walls to permit an observation of the person. being treated within it.

An added object is to provide an improved hood structure which is arranged for setting up as a tent about the head of a positioned patient.

The invention possesses other objects and features of invention, some of which, with the foregoing, will be set forth or be apparent in the following description of a typical embodiment of the invention, and in the accompanying drawings, in Which,

Figure l is a perspective view of a set-up hood embodying the features of present invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation showing the hood in use with a patient on a bed.

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary axial section of a gas inlet connection for the hood.

Figure 4 is a top view of the set-up hood.

Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of the hood at the line 5 5 in Figure 4.

, Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken at the line 6-6 in Figure 4.

Figure '7 shows the hood folded or packaged for its transportation or storage.

FEgure 8 is an end view of the folded-up hood uni Figure 9 shows the hood structure opened out flat as a blank.

In general terms, the disclosed hood-forming structure II embodying my invention comprises a quadrilateral base member I2, side Wall members I3 and I4 hingedly attached to opposite side edges of the base I2, a wall4 member I5 hingedly attached to one end of the base I2, and cooperative means on the wall members for releasably and mutually securing them in hoodforming relation. As shown in Figure 2, the set-up hood is arranged to receive the head -of a patient P disposed above the Abase memberIZ and having his body extending from the opposite end of the hood from the end wall member. I5', the latter comprising a head-endor'head wall, member of the hood.

In the present embodiment of my invention, the base member I2 is an isosceles trapezoid in outline, and has the side wall members I3 and I4 hingedly attached to it at and along its side edges. The head Wall member I5 is also .an isosceles trapezoid in outline, andthis member has its longer base edge attached lto the base member I2 at and along the shorterfbase edge of the latter, said edges being of like length. The Wall members I3 and I4 comprise pieces of a normally flat and elastioally flexible sheet material which may be, and is preferably, transparent for permitting a vviewing therethrough of the contents of the space within the set-,up hood. The head Wall member comprises a piece of flat sheet material which may be 'the same as that of the side Wall members I3 and I4, though the elastically iiexible and transparent qualities of the members I3 and Id are not essential in the wall I5. A particularly satisfactory material for the Wall members I3 and I4 and I5 has been found to comprise cellulosic sheet material 'such as the lm on which X-ray pictures are taken.

The disclosed base member I2 isquadrilateral in outline and isformed of a more-or-less exible and relatively heavy fabric such as canvas, and edge extensions I6 and I 1 and I8 thereof are iixed to and flat against the inner faces of the adjacent `edge portions of the Wall members lI3 and I 4 and I5 respectively as by the use of an adhesive .and/or stitching I9, as is brought out in Figure 9. V,'l'his manner, of attaching the hood Walls to the base I2 is understood to provide hinged connections` for the hood elements, with the axes of hinging at the edge .lines of the'wall Y members in the planes of their inner faces, it being noted that these continuous hinge connections are gastight under atmospheric pressure conditions, as is desirable. ,f 1 1 It will now be noted that the edges -2I at the head ends of the side Wall members I3 and. I4 have the same lengths as the side edges 22 of the head Wall member I5, and that the edges 2| are coterminous with the edges 22 at-the head-'end corners of the base I2; accordingly, the i'lrst said wall edges 2| maybe brought into line registra# tion with the corresponding second said .wall edges 22, by appropriately disposing they sider and th'e' area of-'the `ho'od'opening 34 should'be adjustable between fifteen and twenty-five square inches 'for meeting normal requirements for patients of dilerent sizes and/or conditions for treatment.

The present hood isparticularly valuable for the administration of oxygen for supporting respiration, though usable for the administration of other gases or gaseous mixtures. Accordingly, and as brought out in Figures 2 and 3, a gas inlet port 31 is provided through the head Wall member I adjacent its bottom for the connection of a gas supply tube 38 thereat by means of a'suitable connector 39. As particularly shown, the connector 39 comprises a tubular stem 4I engaged in the discharge end of the tube and providing a radial flange 42 at the rear end of a threaded forward end portion 4I' thereof, said stem portion being extendable through the port 31 and threadedly mounting a clamp nut or ring 43 at the opposite side of the member I5 from the flange for clamping the member between it andthe flange, and so sealedly and detachably mounting the connector 29 on the member. Oxygen is supplied to the tube and hood at a controlled rate through an adjustable needle valve lid Aand from a-suitable source such as a tank 45 of the compressed gas. The discharge end of the supply tube 44, might, of course, be extended into the hood space through the opening provided beside the patients body, the provision and use of the port 31 then being dispensed with. In either case, the inhalant would be introduced below the level of the patients nose and face.

Owing to the fact that the gaseous mixture exhaled by thev patient is warmer, and therefore lighter, than the surrounding gases in the hood space, it tends to rise through said space to escape at the top opening 34. Also, the Warming of the gases in the hood space by the heat radiated from the enclosed portion of the patients body tends to create a convection rise of the gases. Then too, the introduced oxygen tends to stay at the bottom of the hood space by reason of its greater specific gravity while displacing the other gases upwardly in said space by reason of its inow and thereby supplement the foregoing convection effects for creating an upward flow of the gases through and from the hood at the outlet opening 34.

Recalling that the connections of the base member with the various wall members provides a gas-tight seal for the bottom of the hood cavity, it Will be understood that the permitted rate of upward ow of gases through the hood space is jointly determined by the adjusted rate of introduction of oxygen into said space, by the rateof any inward air leakage about the patients body at the foot-end

side wall edges

25 and 26, by the rate of any inward air leakagethrough the slide-fastener or other wall connections at the sides of the head wal1 I5, and by the adjusted size of the discharge opening 34. Any air inflow into the hood space from the foot end of the hood along the patients body may be readily regulated in accordance with the adjusted fit of the hood side walls over the body and/or the application of a loose cover member (not shown) thereat, it being obvious that the permitted inflow of air at any air-inlet point should, in the interest of the economical use of the oxygen, prevent the escape of oxygen from the hood at that point.

In View 0f the foregoing, it will be understood that the effective rate of supply and the oxygen content of the gaseous mixture made available tothe patient for inhalation is readily controlled by adjustably and controllably varying the permitted rate of air inlet about the patents body and/or the oxygen content of the gas admitted through the hose connector 39 and/or the rate of introduction of oxygen and/or the area of the vent opening 34. It will also be understood that the heat and moisture given olf by the enclosed portion of the patients body and in the exhalations of the patient may comprise the sole sources of heat and moisture within and determining the actual temperature and humidity within the hood in accordance with the adjusted flow rate of gases permitted therethrough. Accessory apparatus for testing and/or controlling the temperature and humidity may, yof course, be provided.

The folding feature of the present hood structure makes the same particularly valuable as part of the equipment of mobile or. xed field hospitals or first-aid centers. By reference to Figures 6 and '7 and 8, it will be noted that the quadrilateral wall members I3 and I 4 and lI5 are al1 so shaped that they may be folded and lapped into positions opposite the base I2 without extending laterally beyond thebase, whereby the flat-folded or packaged hood is no larger in its plane than the base. Having a side wall member outermost with respect to the base wall member, its tie strap may be looped around the package for tieing up the same; as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the wall member I3 is outermost andits strap 21 is so utilized.

While the present hood has been hereinbefore particularly described as used for the administering of oxygen as an inhalant at atmospheric pressure, it will be understood that inhalants other than oxygen may be administered therewith; for instance, gaseous anesthetics and/or medicaments may be administered within the present hood structure. Furthermore, since the present hood structure is a unit with all parts attached and is usable without any accessory f equipment other than a source of gas and a hose therefrom, it is particularly useful as emergency and eld hospital equipment.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and use of the present hood for administering inhalants will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains. While I have described the features and principles of use of an assembly which I now consider to comprise a preferred embodiment of my invention, I desire to have it understood that the showing is primarily illustrative, and that such'changes may be made, when desired,` as fall within the scope of the following claims:

1. In an inhalant hood, a quadrilateral basemember arrangedA for the supported disposal of the head portion of a p ersons body longitudinally thereover to extend from the foot end thereof, a flat head-wall member extending upwardly from the head end of the base member, normally flat side-wall members of resiliently elastic sheet material extending along and upwardly from the sides of the base member, said side wall members having their head ends sealedly connected to and along the sides of the head-wall member and being exed into mutually lapped relation over said head portion of the persons body to provide a generally fitted engagement of their foot ends therewith whereby the base and head and side membersare .cooperative to :define espace enclos ing :said Snead -portion fof the persons body, said space .being zefectively gas-tight .at fits sides fand bottom :and having -a top opening fdened -hy :the upper edges of the .been .and side walls members.

2. .Astnndture inacoordance Withiolaim lliaivin'g .means :releasably 'securing fthe-'dde Wall :members .in said iiexed and mutually 'lapped relation.

3. A stru'ctln'e accordance with iclalim 1'1 draving .means releasably securing the iside .and fhead Wall members together rat .Thread-'end foorners of the hood, fand fotlrer :means freleasably .seodring the :side wall members in .said 'flexed and mutually lapped cooperaidve relation.

'4. Astruoture in' faccordanoewith 4'claim 1 hay; ing :means vreleasably securing the y'side 'and head wall members together .at head-end burners-.of the hood, other means releasably securing the side wall :members :rn said diexed and mutually lapped relation, .and `means unitarily zhmg'in'g 'the head andfside wall members to the basememberin such manner that the mutually freed Asaid'wall members may fbe -disposed Ito extend laterally frnm the base member or be :folded 'inwardly `upon the base member, optionally.

I5. .In an inlialant hood, a l'quad-rilafteral base member arranged for the .supported disposal 'of the fhead portion of #a 4persons body longitudinally '.thereover Sto extend from *the foot fend thereof, a quadrilatera'l head wall member fof 's'tid sheet material -hin'gedly connected fte the sides 'of the ibase member by 'a `gas-tight .hinge means and extending between fthe 'head-end cor-ners fo'f the base member, quadrilateral side `Weill lmembers 'of :elastioally flexible fand normally Tlat fs'heet material hingedly J'connected to the sides of the bafsemember by a gas-tight hinge means fand extending*fromthe'corresponding head-end Icorners of 'the base member and having their `'head-end edges arranged for registration wthfthe different side ed'g'es fof 'the "headmember, releasablemeans on and "cooperative between the registered lsaid vedges o'fthe'memb'ers lfor providing gas-tigltfoonnotations therealong, and `strap members fex'ten'd; mg 'ff-rom 'the free ioot-endoorners of the .side wall members "for :securing the latter 'members in mutually lapped and iiexed rel'ationyiith their fo'ote'n'd portions engaged fover and against the body rof 'the person when tbe Ymembers are 's'ecured ito the head end members by the aforesaid means provided'therefor.

end of the fbase member by `a `gas-tight hinge i and Iexlmiciing between the head-end .one

6. In :an 'inhalant hood Unit, la -duadrl'ateral baseY member arranged 'for 'th'e supported disposal of the head 'portion of a persons body longitudinally thereover to eXtendjII-rom the Toot end thereof, 'a quadrilateral head member :of ys'tii sheet 'material hingedly yconneotetl to the `lhea'd ners `of the vbase :member and 'arranged for folded disposal'fopposite the base member, =guad1lateral side Wall members of elastically flexible sheet material hinged-1y connected to :the sides of the base member :by a rgas-tight :hinge .means and ex` tending from theoorresponding Snead-end .corners of the base member and arranged J.forffolded.disposal opposite the base memberor for vtheir dis posal to have their head-end edges in registration with ithe different side edges rof 'the lflaead member, means cooperative between the .regis tered -edges of 'the head 'and 'side :members :for providing releasable gas-tig1it conneotiens :therealong, Vfand ltie members extending :from the side members for use in securing these members mutually lapped rela-tion `and .tiered oondtion with :their foot-end portions engaged J.oder Sand against :the 'bod-y of the ,patient when the edge connecting mea-ns is operative pr .for use in 'securing .the hood folded-np condition.

7. in an mhalan-t nood lunit, a 4base member having its Iedges fdeiining -a .straight-:sided tarea for the :supported disposal of a hea-d portion of a persons .body longitudinally fthereover, a head Wall member hingedly attached to and {extendin-g :along Yand laterally from the lfieadend 'of lthe base member, :side Wall 'members fof elastically iiexible and normally .dat sheet :material hngedly attached to 'and extending longitudinally along and laterally from lthe lside edges lof the ibase member .and liaving their head-end :edges xai`- ranged for oornplementa-ry `fregistration with Icorresponding -side edges 'of the lhe'ad mall member When the members iare extended upwardly .efrom tbe -base member, means toperative atithe mutu ally registerable fedges Iof the :head 'wall ,member and lside Wall members to releasably and sealedly sect1-re -sa-id members together when their fsaid complementary edges are in registration, and means cooperative between the rside Wall'members at their -foot l'end :portions ior releasa'blysecnririg the .latter members'in mutually lapped und cylindrically flexed 4condition l.opposite the sfootfend portion'oftlie'base'arean 8. A structure fin iacoordamoe with rolaim l? whereof the head Wall member 'is fof ztrapezoidal form Khaving its shorter @base fat .its tree edgaan'd the side Wall members are quadrilateral :and are provided with mea-ns directly cooperative therebetween at :points adjacent fthe side edges *thereof which extend from thefouter ends-fof 'their headend edges 'to secure the members -in adiustably lapped relation 'thereat independently `.of the se curing means Aat their foot-end portions.

Y JOHN fA.