US2379735A - Flame arrester - Google Patents

Flame arrester Download PDF

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US2379735A
US2379735A US414308A US41430841A US2379735A US 2379735 A US2379735 A US 2379735A US 414308 A US414308 A US 414308A US 41430841 A US41430841 A US 41430841A US 2379735 A US2379735 A US 2379735A
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tank
foraminous
tubing
tube
gasoline
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US414308A
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John D Meikle
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04—Tank inlets
    • B60K15/0406—Filler caps for fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04—Tank inlets
    • B60K15/0406—Filler caps for fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/0432—Filler caps for fuel tanks having a specific connection between the cap and the vehicle or tank opening
    • B60K2015/0445—Filler caps for fuel tanks having a specific connection between the cap and the vehicle or tank opening using hinges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements flame .arrester ⁇ attachments particularly applicableto gasoline tanksand speccally to flame arrester tubing atachments and ⁇ the novelstructuraland functional characteristies of the tubing and the means forattaching the saine to a tank ller nozzle, particularly of the type usually foundinuse with gasolinetanks.'
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention of a fiexible type of foraminous tubing and filler closure head shown attached to and positioned within a curved offset type of gasoline tank ller pipe, the pipe and a fragmentary portion of a gasoline tank being shown in section.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional plan view, taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the. direction of the arrows, illustrating particularly the. manner of attaching the closure filler head to the baying vthe manner of attaching the closure head for the foraminous tube to the tank filler pipe opening structure.
  • Figure 13 is a small fragmentary view of a foraminous tube, and ⁇ its closure head structure, the upper ⁇ portion of
  • the head structure being broken away, illustrating a modified form of meansfor preventing the incoming flow of gasoline from interfering with the release of displaced air from a gasoline tank.
  • the present invention comprises a, fiexible foraminous tube I, comprising a spirally wound and interlocking metallic ribbon 2, having perforations 3, the lower end 4, being closed as indicated preferably by a perforated disc member 5 as' indicated.
  • Figure-3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View,l taken on the line 3-3 of FigureV l, looking inthe direction of the arrows, illustrating the foraminous structure of the spirally Wound flexible tubing and the manner ofl interlocking the spirals of the tube, y
  • Figure 4 is a small fragmentary view of the flexible foraminous ⁇ tubing and a portion of the attaching head structure, illustrating a. yielding type of sleeve attached to the tubing for purposes of bypassing air.
  • Figure 5 is a modified form of flexible flame arrester tub-ing and its respective attaching closure head structure, the. same being shown attached to astraight gasoline tank filler pipe,
  • Figure 'I is a fragmentary View on a reduced scale of a gasoline tank and a curve offsetfiller pipe therefor, illustrating my flexible type of foraminous tubing. and filler headstructure attached thereto, similar tov that shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 8 is a side elevation of a modiied form of my invention of axforam'inoustube and filler Figure 1 is a graphic illustration of anyinven ⁇ tion in.y this respect shown positioned within a curved offset filler pipe 9 of a fragmentary portion of a gasoline tank II).
  • a gasoline dispensing or pump nozzle II is indicated inne dotted lines, shown in normal operative position within the upper portion of the foram-inous tubing I. It may be seen that gasoline, entering the, tubing I under ordinary lling pressures, may be readily dispensed within the tank through ⁇ the perforations indicated at 3. In this respect it might be well to mention these openings 3 are shown slightly enlarged for illustrative purposes, and in actual practice slightly closer in proximity.
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional view,ftaken on the line 9--9 of Figure 8.
  • Figure l0 is a small detailed elevation of the flexible tubing and fillerV closure head, separated from the tank ller pipe, as shown in Figure 8.
  • Figurell isla fragmentary sectional'elevation of a rigid type of'foraminous tube, disclosing the details of thev ller closure head, the-tube member, tank and filler pipe as being partly broken away and partly in section for illustrative pur- DOSES.
  • Figure 12 is a fragmentary sectional plan view
  • tubing I taken on the line I2-I2 of Figure 11,/illustrat-
  • the upper portion of the tubing I may be attached to a, supporting closure head structure I2, by rivets I3, or in any suitable manner, and the' head I2 attached to the filler pipe opening I5I as shown.
  • the present invention provides a device of the present type that may be readily attached to the average or standard type of filler pipel opening, having a bayonette type of slotted structure I4 at the filler. ⁇ pipe opening I5, adaptedto hold the usual type of filler pipe cap thereto.' 1 1
  • the usual cap used for the filler opening is removed and ⁇ 4 discarded, ythen the present invention is inserted into the gas tank filler pipe 9, through the ller opening I5.
  • the flexible forarninous tubing readily adapting itself to the curvature 4of the 4filler pipe 9.
  • An air vent 35 is provided in theclosure head whereby the gasoline tank ⁇ mayl be ⁇ supplied ⁇ with air for the purpose of
  • the closure head is provided with a filler open'i ing 2l and a yieldingly closed floating closurecap l member 28, the same being heldnormally under l preventing i a ⁇ ivalcuum in the tank during the withdrawal of gasoline thereand cap pivots 29 and 30, the hinge spring ⁇ 3
  • the cap 28 is loosely held to thelever member 32 'by the pivot" 3D; therebyenabling the cap to float in'its initial engagement with the upper exposed lip portion 33 of the opening 2 ⁇ I,"and to adapt itself land its ⁇ washer member 34 to" the lip ⁇ 33 of the opening for propery sealing of the filler opening ⁇ .
  • The. cap, ⁇ lever,I and ⁇ springj,3l also: provide means whereby any Vbackwash of gasoline inv the tankthat strikes the capu34, due to unusual motions of the vehicle, ⁇ may ⁇ be prevented from being thrown or splashed1 froin the tank ldue to the spring tension against ⁇ the elements of the filler opening closure members. f l
  • a plurality cfnozzle spacing elements 36 For purposes of providing means for the free release of displaced tank air during the filling operation by way of theller ⁇ opening 21, a plurality cfnozzle spacing elements 36, ⁇ distributed about the filler opening 21, "as shown, are provided. These spacing members prevent Vthe "gasoline dispensing nozzle "I I from completely [blocking off the iiller opening 2"'I. ⁇ The displaced airfrom the tank passes through the spaces 31 4formed between the spacing elements or extensions l3ft.
  • the 4present invention has 'aportion l of its foraminous tubingblanked out, with, par-L ticular ⁇ reference to Figure 4,1asshown at"40. ⁇ "In the present instance, this blanking ⁇ out is ⁇ acco'nb ⁇ plished byf, the ,application ⁇ of ⁇ a bootor sleeve.
  • member 4I which may ibeucomposedz: of ⁇ canvas;r a ⁇ rubber impregnated fabric, or ⁇ inasome' irl-J ⁇ stances, where flexibility for the e-ntire length of the tubing is not of vparamount(importancia,l a
  • ⁇ Therebyprovid- ⁇ Y ing ⁇ meanswhereby the emission ⁇ of gasolinefrom theller'nozzle 45 will'takeplace initiiepzone covered'by the i, sleeve member, ⁇ presenting planes, busses, armored tanks, and heavy duty self-propelledvehicles, it isnecessary-to use ⁇ a blanked out concentric area i between the inner wall of ,the ⁇ tank pipe 9 and the ⁇ sleeve"member;
  • the flexible type 'o foraminoustubing as shown particularly in Fig# ure'll, may bewblanked outas to that'portion of its spirally ⁇ .wound .ribbon structure,l whereby the blank lor non-foraminous portion of the tubing would appear'at the. same relative position as the covered portion ofthe tubingas shown in ⁇ . Figure 4, without the .necessity of using ay separate boot or sleeve member.
  • the foraminous tubing 50 is corrugated or accordion shaped,-comprising large and small concentric portions 54 and 55, frespectively, as shown.
  • the foraminous portion A60 is not distributed over the whole surface of the tubing 50as is the case' with the flexible tubing shown in Figure 1.
  • the tubing5ll' is provided with a slightly modified form of placement ofthe holes or perforations ⁇ 6
  • the tube is provided with three separate foraminous columns or elongated areas 62, 62" and 62", running substantially parallel with the tube axis but followingthe general contour ofthe large and small concentric elements 54 and 55, respectively.
  • This foran'iinousconstruction provides a greater nurnber,v of holes for a given area in proportion to a straight smooth walled tube, i.
  • the large and small .concentric ⁇ bellows portions 54 and'55 respectively, be decreased or increased in size as to thick.- ness, thereby increasing orfdecreasing, respectively, the number ,of these tube portionsfor agiven length.
  • Figure 7 illustrates the applicationofthe semiflexible foraminous tubingand closure head 58 and 5I, respectively, to'an offset4 or gooseneck typeof bent filler pipe ⁇ 61, .and tank-portion 66.
  • Figures ⁇ 8, ,9 and 10 illustrate anothermodified form of my invention,in that the foraminous tube member 10 is'composed of areinforced exiblematerial, havinga reinforce of woven wire', as indicated at.-1I.' -In thiseinstance, the holes 12,. forming ⁇ the foraminous portion ⁇ of the tube memberffare positioned between the interstices ofthe woven wire reinforce.
  • This particular form ofthe invention maybe molded into an integral structure having an integral foraminous bottom structure 13,-upperand lower foraminous por-y tions 14 and ⁇ 15 respectively, and a .non-foratuinous orclosedwall portion 16, positioned between thetsaid upper and ⁇ lower portions.
  • the upper open endof the fiexibleforaminous tube .10k may be suitably ⁇ fixed to the lower portion I6 of lthe closureheadmember ⁇ 11 ⁇ by a conven-v tional clamp strap18, ⁇ a-sv shown.
  • .1, bothas to istructure, function ⁇ and application, are similar to those shownand described asto .
  • the function, operation( and inherent advantages of ⁇ the closure' head 11 and tube 10 are similar to those. described. and identified with Figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6,.as ⁇ to the dame arrester n function, the means for fillingv a' gas tank by high pressure injection, andthe ready release'of displacedtank-air. ⁇ I
  • the blank or non-foraminous tube portion 16, as well as the upper and lower'foraminousy portions 14 and y15, respectively, ⁇ may be ⁇ raised both as to their individual lengths and vrelative proportional position to the openingiw ⁇ of the tank filler pipe 80 and the opening ⁇ 8
  • the invention comprises a closure head member 86, detachably engaged to the said filler pipe opening structure 85, in the manner as hereinbefor'e described for this portion of the invention, as shown in Figure l.
  • a, flame arrester tube 88 Suitably attached, by' rivets 81, tothe lower portion I 6 of the closure head, is a, flame arrester tube 88, comprising upper and lower foraminous end portions 89 and 90, respectively.
  • , of the lower portion of the tube is provided with a sunken foraminous closure vmember 92, the same being held in ⁇ fixed relation to the tube by the inwardly disposed rolled edge of the tube, as indicated at 93, in Figure 11.
  • a closed wall or non-foraminous tube section 94 is a closed wall or non-foraminous tube section 94 as shown.
  • the upper foraminous tube section 89 providing Numerous tests have been made as to the broad principles of design as herein disclosed, and found to be entirely satisfactory, bothlas to high speed lling and the safety factor of the flame arrester feature. In respect to the testsrelating to the latter feature, the closure head cover would be opened and the gasoline "vapors ignited with a means for the free passage of displacedv tank air,
  • the lower foraminous tube section 90 is positioned wholly within the gasoline storage chamber y96 of the tank 83, and
  • This relative location of therespective tube sections 09, 90 and 94 thus provides meansfwhereby the feeding of gasoline into the conventional type of storage tank, through its respective ller pipe may be done at comparatively high speeds and pressures.
  • Figure 13 discloses a flame arrester tube I 0I with a fragmentary portion of the lower part I6 match, with gasoline in the tank, the vapors igniting immediately, ⁇ with a blue and partially yellow llame. ⁇ Upon-the vapors being burned out the ames would go out and the gasoline within the tank would be unaffected, and immune from the vapor flames ⁇ and resultant heat. .l I have thus described my invention specifically and in detail in order that its nature, operation and construction may be fully understood; however the specilc terms herein are used descriptivelyra'ther than in their limiting sense, .andthe scope of the invention is defined in the claims.
  • Vsaid tubular member ⁇ comprising a spirally wound interlocking foraminous rilrvbonl structure, providing means for adapting said tubular :member ⁇ to divers curved and bent tank filler pipes, and also means for restricting the free intermingling and flow of outside oxygen'and the explosive gaseous vapors'thrown off from liquid fuel withinsaid tank, said flexible tubular member comprising separate foraminous sections, and means for preventing the flow of saidliquid introduced into said tubular member at another sectional ⁇ portion of said tube, said means comprising an adjustable sleeve or cover element attached tothe flexible tube member, whereby a predetermined portion of the foraminous area of the said tubular member may be selected to be blocked olf and rendered ineffective as to the emitting of said liquid fuel from this covered area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Description

J. D. MEIKLE FLAME ARRESTEB July 3, 1945.
, Filed Oct. 9, 1941' LlseeliS--Sheeizl l/oHN D. MEIHLE July 3, 1945. I J. D. MEIKLE 2,379,735
FLAME ARRESTVER Filed Oct. 9, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 //Ir1Illll/lllllfllllllllln '1111111111111111111111lllllll/llllfqfll/Illl,1111
JOHN MEI/11E;
W @www July 3, 1945. Y
Jy. D. Ml-:IKLE 2,379,735
FLAME ARRESTER 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oob. 9, 1941 ffy JOHN MEIHL y J'. D. MEIKLE FLAME ARRESTER my s, 1945.
' Filed Oof.. 9, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 c/QHN -MEIKLE @M ,fg
Yin safety devices "or Patented July e, 1945 t `2,s79,735"}` yfFLAMEAnRnsTER t g t y "Juhu nliuniiue,ii'atuntrnnunuiuru.L t. `Ainpliuitiun ontoberle,1941;'seria1riu;414,30@
' A faoiaiins. (111.2207815) i.
The present invention relates to improvements flame .arrester `attachments particularly applicableto gasoline tanksand speccally to flame arrester tubing atachments and` the novelstructuraland functional characteristies of the tubing and the means forattaching the saine to a tank ller nozzle, particularly of the type usually foundinuse with gasolinetanks.'
For purposes `01sirnplioitypthe following de"-V scriptive matter and drawings will substantially refer only to the application of the present in-` vention to automobile gasoline tanksand` their Well `known construction, particularly as `pertains to their respectiver filler ppesor tubesLand their respective. means for :attaching caps thereto.
enceofiire. llurtlier, the foraininoustubingpro,-A
fpreventing the] vsaine ,from entering directly into! vides a` confining wail and chamber fon the fire;
ithe vtank` chamber proper.H It wouldalso seein the .variation of pressurestvithin the tank proper and i thatjtvithin" the heated foraminous tubing `would also play apart in preventing` `full `interrriingling ofV these elements; t t t t-In view of `thepresent streamlining design of automobiles" and" the `,trend towards' designing' automobiles With ooncealed gasoline"tanks,` the However, itis fully understood they present'inven` tion, its novel constructionfand functions, are not' wholly limitedto use and adaptation to the 'filler pipes of gasoline tanks, but "may also: be equally well adapted for use andfattachrnent to the filler t openings in various Itypes oftanlis found on'boats,
or foruse withr storage "and"l portable vessels or cans, wherever highly volatileliquids having high explosive characteristics are kept in containers of various sorts. i
Highly' volatile liquids, such as gasoline, tend Y to constantly give olfhighly'lexplosivevapors or. gases, and these when mixed With a given amount of oxygen'will readily ignite and explodev in the presence of lire,` high heat,`or'e1eot`ric sparks "of varioustypes. j"
It is a well known principle ifthese highly ex#` plosive vapors' or gases can be keptfrorn freely substantially tamper "proof `againstktloe Witli-` intermingling with the necessaryA given; quantity of oxygen, they can be prevented from exploding in the presence of lre and flame a t In this respect it is well lmowninf the art'tl'iat bypositioning i a piece of 'foraminous tubing-hav` ing a closed bottom within tlieller pipe of ia gasoline tank, the danger of explosion of thegas vapors within theitank, .when reisintroduced at theliller opening or even Within theforaminous` tubing, the gas vapors `Within the tank will not explode, although any Wet gas orfvapors 4Within the foraminous tubing Will ignite,iburnloffislowly,
and the fire go out,` Within tlieforaminous4 tubing f l Without causing the gases `Within thetank proper to explode. t t. t i i The theory or `et'xplanation of this phenomena is that the numerous minuteopeningsformed in the foraminous tubing restrict the flow of oxygen and gases betvveenthe tube and the tank chamber respectively," thereby preventing `the proper `pro-` manufacturers have beencompelled to"` use gas tanklller ypiping 4having different bends, twists, and "curved offsets,` for purposes of conforming to"` the variousstruetural elements of the automobile, "hereby"n the ller opening will be `exposedat "a oonvenientpoint atthesideof the car body@` In view of thel above, it is thepurpose ofthe present invention to provide "neansfor-fintrof Y duc'ing fora'rriifnous` tubing =v`vithin= said variously bent, curved and shapedfiller` tubing, the same Y comprisingin `the present instancefaiiiexible type r of foraminous tubing structure, that is substan` i tiallyvself adaptable to the varying curvaturesof gas tanlillerlpiping. t t *i Y Another important purpose `jof`the present in# vention isfto providemeans, comprising detach# ableuclosure for `tl'nailler pipe openingyhaving means fory supporting the `said foraminous* tubing vvithin the said Vfiller pipe', `vvlfereloy the saine` is drawal tools."`
'by unauthorized persons" without special 't `Wit-n they introduction ,of ifuifaminous tubing withinv gas tank filler` pipes it? has been found during manning operation nfftntann une roraininouslhtfubing `interferes with 4high pressure l `.feeding dfgasolin in .the taak. i du@ to .the die placed, air,` Withinthe tank"proper,` in aneffort to getfo'ut `ftlie, tank by Way of the filler pipe rand fnrnunnoustubing, backing upj une. inflowing gasa; line, "whereby thesarne is `caused to flow back l,out oftheller pipe` opening, and overflow the out` side of'the tank. 'Il`1`is,.hof`eoilrse,i is to the restrictedfdiameter` of 4,the tller pipe, forumindus` tubing,` and: the `usual filler nozzle insertedwithin the tubingduringthelling operation. f
Inview of the abovenit isifthei purpose of` the present invention` toprovideimearis` identified winrsaidiforaminuus tubing, whereby this disnnrtionate intermingling" of these elements for i producing explosive t 'characteristics gin` the l presplaced air may pass outf of the" tank by vvayof the rsaid piping and "tubing and past tlie ller nozzle Without substantially `retardingxthe. high speedor high pressure?feeding` of gasoline to a tank equipped with a flame arrester foraminous I planes, fighter planes, wherein filling speed is essential. l
With these and other objects in View, the invention consists of certain other novel features of construction and combination of parts as will be specically described in the following description and claims.
In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated several for-ms of foraminous tubing structures embodying the'various features of my invention in their preferred forms.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention of a fiexible type of foraminous tubing and filler closure head shown attached to and positioned within a curved offset type of gasoline tank ller pipe, the pipe and a fragmentary portion of a gasoline tank being shown in section.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan view, taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the. direction of the arrows, illustrating particularly the. manner of attaching the closure filler head to the baying vthe manner of attaching the closure head for the foraminous tube to the tank filler pipe opening structure.
Figure 13 is a small fragmentary view of a foraminous tube, and `its closure head structure, the upper` portion of |the head structure being broken away, illustrating a modified form of meansfor preventing the incoming flow of gasoline from interfering with the release of displaced air from a gasoline tank.
Referring to the drawings by reference numerals, each of which represents the same or similar parts throughout the various views, and
with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present invention comprises a, fiexible foraminous tube I, comprising a spirally wound and interlocking metallic ribbon 2, having perforations 3, the lower end 4, being closed as indicated preferably by a perforated disc member 5 as' indicated.
As shownparticularly in Figure 3, the respective upper and inwardlybent or rolled portions I5 of the spiral ribbon 2 interengage as shown with the respective lower and oppositely or outwardly bent portions 'I' of the respective spirals in their onette type of slot structure of the filler pipe l opening, the View being slightly enlarged in scale in proportion to Figure 1.
Figure-3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View,l taken on the line 3-3 of FigureV l, looking inthe direction of the arrows, illustrating the foraminous structure of the spirally Wound flexible tubing and the manner ofl interlocking the spirals of the tube, y
Figure 4 is a small fragmentary view of the flexible foraminous `tubing and a portion of the attaching head structure, illustrating a. yielding type of sleeve attached to the tubing for purposes of bypassing air.
Figure 5 is a modified form of flexible flame arrester tub-ing and its respective attaching closure head structure, the. same being shown attached to astraight gasoline tank filler pipe,
the latter being shown in section for illustrative DUTDOSES.
progressive turn. It willv bey noted substantially the whole of the spiral ribbon surface, including the bent or rolled interengaging portions 6 and 'I are perforated and foraminous in structure,
thereby presenting a substantially continuous foraminous tubular structure, including the overlapping portion 8 of the spiral, comprising in the present instanoefour thicknessesy of the metallic spiral ribbon 2. As may be readily seen, this type of structure provides a nexible spirally wound foraminous tubing ideally suited for the purpose in mind. I Theready flexing'of the tube I provides means whereby the tube is readily adaptable to various andv divers curved, bent and offset filler.
, pipes for gasoline tanks. v
" Figure 61is` an enlarged sectional view, taken 1 on the line 6 6 of Figure 5, looking in the direction, of the arrows. l
Figure 'I is a fragmentary View on a reduced scale of a gasoline tank and a curve offsetfiller pipe therefor, illustrating my flexible type of foraminous tubing. and filler headstructure attached thereto, similar tov that shown in Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a side elevation of a modiied form of my invention of axforam'inoustube and filler Figure 1 is a graphic illustration of anyinven` tion in.y this respect shown positioned within a curved offset filler pipe 9 of a fragmentary portion of a gasoline tank II).
A gasoline dispensing or pump nozzle II is indicated inne dotted lines, shown in normal operative position within the upper portion of the foram-inous tubing I. It may be seen that gasoline, entering the, tubing I under ordinary lling pressures, may be readily dispensed within the tank through `the perforations indicated at 3. In this respect it might be well to mention these openings 3 are shown slightly enlarged for illustrative purposes, and in actual practice slightly closer in proximity.
head. structure therefor, disclosing its application to a curved type of offset vgasoline tank filler pipe, in this instance the foraminous tubing being vcomposed of a reinforced flexible composition.
Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional view,ftaken on the line 9--9 of Figure 8.
Figure l0 is a small detailed elevation of the flexible tubing and fillerV closure head, separated from the tank ller pipe, as shown in Figure 8.
Figurell isla fragmentary sectional'elevation of a rigid type of'foraminous tube, disclosing the details of thev ller closure head, the-tube member, tank and filler pipe as being partly broken away and partly in section for illustrative pur- DOSES.
Figure 12 is a fragmentary sectional plan view,
taken on the line I2-I2 of Figure 11,/illustrat- The upper portion of the tubing I may be attached to a, supporting closure head structure I2, by rivets I3, or in any suitable manner, and the' head I2 attached to the filler pipe opening I5I as shown. r
It is the purpose of the present invention to providea device of the present type that may be readily attached to the average or standard type of filler pipel opening, having a bayonette type of slotted structure I4 at the filler.^pipe opening I5, adaptedto hold the usual type of filler pipe cap thereto.' 1 1 In the practice of the present invention, the usual cap used for the filler opening is removed and`4 discarded, ythen the present invention is inserted into the gas tank filler pipe 9, through the ller opening I5. The flexible forarninous tubing readily adapting itself to the curvature 4of the 4filler pipe 9. The lower portion I6 of the head closure head within the filler open the bosses IT and I1' will be in a constant "pressurethrou'gh the respective hinge bosses each being `provided with Allen type set screws I8 and I8', respectively, andlthre'adedly engaged to the bosses at I9 and ISQV A l When attaching the flame arresterto thefiiller opening, these `Allen set screws xare screwed in# wardly, i. e., withdrawn l for purposes `ofliroviding' clearance whereby the lbosses `may clear thereV spectiveportions 20 and 20 of the bayontte slot structure of the filler opening I5.M ,Upon "the complete insertion of the lower portion I6 'ofthe ing as shown; position where-i` by their respective upper surfaces2l and 2| "will engage the' respective downwardly directed iiange elements of the filler pipe' opening I5 and their respective bending camsurfaces22 and 225. By
turningthe closure head in a clockwise manner, the said -`cam` surfaces tend to draw the closure head member, downwardly,` whereby the concen tricshoulder or extension 23, and its beriwasher member 24, are forced downwardly against the upper lat concentriclsurface 25 "formed about the filler opening I5,'a`s shown. After the closure` head I2 is turned to a ,desired tightness vof en# sagement with` the bayonette slot, and filler pipe opening structure,` the respective Allensetscrews I8 and I8 arescrewed outwardlyuntil theyV each become impinged againstt'ne inner surface `2li of tlieller pipe member 9, as shown in"Figures 1` and 2. This is an important featurefof the inf` vention in that the closure head may be firmly and tightlyV engaged to `the"filler pipe and held` in positive clamped fixed relationthereto by the function of the respective bossesfand setscrews;`
An air vent 35 is provided in theclosure head whereby the gasoline tank `mayl be `supplied `with air for the purpose of The closure head is provided with a filler open'i ing 2l and a yieldingly closed floating closurecap l member 28, the same being heldnormally under l preventing i a `ivalcuum in the tank during the withdrawal of gasoline thereand cap pivots 29 and 30, the hinge spring `3| and i the cap supporting lever arm member 32h, thereby providing the additional safety feature of a Yiioating closure cap normally heldin` closed position under constant spring tension. Also,'the cap 28 is loosely held to thelever member 32 'by the pivot" 3D; therebyenabling the cap to float in'its initial engagement with the upper exposed lip portion 33 of the opening 2`I,"and to adapt itself land its `washer member 34 to" the lip `33 of the opening for propery sealing of the filler opening`.`
The. cap,` lever,I and `springj,3l, also: provide means whereby any Vbackwash of gasoline inv the tankthat strikes the capu34, due to unusual motions of the vehicle,` may `be prevented from being thrown or splashed1 froin the tank ldue to the spring tension against `the elements of the filler opening closure members. f l
For purposes of providing means for the free release of displaced tank air during the filling operation by way of theller` opening 21, a plurality cfnozzle spacing elements 36,`distributed about the filler opening 21, "as shown, are provided. These spacing members prevent Vthe "gasoline dispensing nozzle "I I from completely [blocking off the iiller opening 2"'I.` The displaced airfrom the tank passes through the spaces 31 4formed between the spacing elements or extensions l3ft.
Where speed is ofthe utmost importance inthe filling of fuel `tanks for aeroplanes', transport certain problems, asto the proper and proportionatelrelease' of displaced tankjair las the tank i is being filled and also particularly 'due to thel small size ofwthe ller` pipes encountered "on standard types of equipment Undersuch forceful feeding the` inrushing gasoline tenclspasit` leaves the dispensing nozzle when positioned inside the filler pipe, to spread out, and thus cause 4the `filler `pipe to becomelmore `or`lles`s choked with gasoline, thereby constantly `in?"` creasing the air pressure within the tank. This air pressure is soon built up toy a point thatlis, suflicientto cause the incoming gasoline choking the ler Pipe to be blown back againstjthepresfj sure and force of the incoming gasoline; theres,
by` causing igeyers of gasoline` to be `forced from" the filler opening. This is both dangerous `as a' `re hazard, unsafe for the operator, and afwastely up the time for fllingithe i `To this end the 4present invention has 'aportion l of its foraminous tubingblanked out, with, par-L ticular `reference to Figure 4,1asshown at"40.\"In the present instance, this blanking` out is `acco'nb` plished byf, the ,application `of `a bootor sleeve. member 4I, which may ibeucomposedz: of` canvas;r a` rubber impregnated fabric, or `inasome' irl-J` stances, where flexibility for the e-ntire length of the tubing is not of vparamount(importancia,l a
light.` metallic sleeve may` be` fixed to, the `tubing by `any `suitable `means such as by soldering'lor riveting. y i 3 o 1` `Inithe 'present instancelthe lexiblesleeve'llf isindicated as beinglheld` in;placefbyjltightly wound and twisted copper wire at 42 and. 42C` re spectively, ber.` l ,l l `Asmay `be `readily notedthe sleeve'M*` is so intermediatelypositioned in respect to` the fo'- raminous` tubing `structure` as to'` leave afs'mall portion 43of the foraminous tubing exposed fat the top, i.` e.,-between the uppeipend ofthesleeve 4I :and thelower-portion I61of the closurehead.`
at theopposite ends of the sleeveinern` A comparatively larger portion `of Athe foraminous tubing ;is1 exposed at 44, below the `bottomfe'ndof 'theysleeve 4I. I l Y l Thus when this form of the invention -is-positionedin the gas ltank, filler pipe` 9`,-thegopen1 end of the, gasoline nozzle, Aas indicated inafinc dotted lines aus, i winne in nxt-spostiamo `me area of the `foran'iinous flexible the boot or sleeve-,member 4I. `Therebyprovid-` Y ing` meanswhereby the emission `of gasolinefrom theller'nozzle 45 will'takeplace initiiepzone covered'by the i, sleeve member,` presenting planes, busses, armored tanks, and heavy duty self-propelledvehicles, it isnecessary-to use` a blanked out concentric area i between the inner wall of ,the` tank pipe 9 and the `sleeve"member;
Thus this fportion ofthe tank piping :isfkeptffree of gasoline entering the exible tubememberdirect by way of the nozzle. It has been foundthat `byblanking'off only aportionof theforaminous 3 much highery pressure for delivery of thexfuel@ from the dispensing nozzle into the fuel `tanks; This'forceful `feeding of gasoline, has presented tube covered I,by
tubing in'l the manner shown,` is sufficient lto allow freef'passage-of displaced ltank air, "during the Vfilling operation, ytothe outside atmosphere byl way of the Yconcentric passage,"-referred to above,D and thence entering the f oraminous -tubing by way of `the perforations at the exposed portion of the tubing at 43, passing the .filler nozzle 451andnally toI the atmosphere through. the opening 21 of the closure head.y .j
i VThis releasing of displacedtankair will be furtherv discussedy hereinafter, as to-.modified forms' of the invention, the function and broad principle .being substantially the samelin -each instance.4 y
`It should be understood the flexible type 'o foraminoustubing, as shown particularly in Fig# ure'll, may bewblanked outas to that'portion of its spirally` .wound .ribbon structure,l whereby the blank lor non-foraminous portion of the tubing would appear'at the. same relative position as the covered portion ofthe tubingas shown in `.Figure 4, without the .necessity of using ay separate boot or sleeve member.
l Figures 5, 6 and. 7 sho-W a slightly modified form of comparative or semi-flexible foraminous seamless tubing B. Itisfunder'stood butt welded tubing mayalso be used; s l l y The closure head and tube supporting structure 5| is similar to that shown in Figure 1 and hereinbefore` described, andzalso the manner and means for engaging thesame to the filler pipe 52 anditsrespectiveopening 53. l
-Inthe present instance the foraminous tubing 50 is corrugated or accordion shaped,-comprising large and small concentric portions 54 and 55, frespectively, as shown. *The upper portion 56 of the tubingibeingxedly engaged to the closure head 5|y by rivets-51, as shown, and the bottom opening 58 is'closed by aperforated closure cap mem-- ber 59, ,andixed thereto. by bra'zing or" rolling 'the anged concentric edges together as shown in Figure 5. a
It will be noted the foraminous portion A60 is not distributed over the whole surface of the tubing 50as is the case' with the flexible tubing shown in Figure 1. In the present instance, the tubing5ll'is provided with a slightly modified form of placement ofthe holes or perforations `6| comprising the foraminous portionsv of thev tube. `As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the tube is provided with three separate foraminous columns or elongated areas 62, 62" and 62", running substantially parallel with the tube axis but followingthe general contour ofthe large and small concentric elements 54 and 55, respectively. This foran'iinousconstruction provides a greater nurnber,v of holes for a given area in proportion to a straight smooth walled tube, i. e., if the tube'5 wasstraightened out vthe foraminous columns 62, 62' and 62" would be much longer than they appear in the contracted tubular structure 50. Thus the lengthwise 'restricted fcraminous portions of the tube are substantially compensated for. Between each forarninous column 62, 62 and 62", are substantially'equally sized elongated bankportions 63, 63" and, 63". 'I'hus providing meansin aame arrester of `this type, ,whereby the inflowing gasoline is emtted'fronr the tube ina somewhat restricted manner .from the for-.- aminous columns 62e, 6,2 and 62, and the displaced tank air is substantially free too move.
to the 4atmosphere via theV portionsof the concentric passage 64 free of incoming. gasoline, through the perforations 65 at the upper lportion to varying conditions and desired results.
66l of-the ,intermittently` spaced .foraminous pot tionsofthe tube- 50. j
For -purposes of .varyingthe coefficient of flex-.- ibilityA of Athe vtube 56, the large and small .concentric `bellows portions 54 and'55, respectively, be decreased or increased in size as to thick.- ness, thereby increasing orfdecreasing, respectively, the number ,of these tube portionsfor agiven length. g l. i
Figure 7 illustrates the applicationofthe semiflexible foraminous tubingand closure head 58 and 5I, respectively, to'an offset4 or gooseneck typeof bent filler pipe` 61, .and tank-portion 66.
Figures `8, ,9 and 10 illustrate anothermodified form of my invention,in that the foraminous tube member 10 is'composed of areinforced exiblematerial, havinga reinforce of woven wire', as indicated at.-1I.' -In thiseinstance, the holes 12,. forming` the foraminous portion `of the tube memberffare positioned between the interstices ofthe woven wire reinforce. r This particular form ofthe inventionmaybe molded into an integral structure having an integral foraminous bottom structure 13,-upperand lower foraminous por-y tions 14 and `15 respectively, and a .non-foratuinous orclosedwall portion 16, positioned between thetsaid upper and` lower portions.
The upper open endof the fiexibleforaminous tube .10k may be suitably `fixed to the lower portion I6 of lthe closureheadmember `11` by a conven-v tional clamp strap18,` a-sv shown. The details'of the closure member ;|.1, bothas to istructure, function `and application, are similar to those shownand described asto .Figure 1. f Also the function, operation( and inherent advantages of `the closure' head 11 and tube 10 are similar to those. described. and identified with Figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6,.as` to the dame arrester n function, the means for fillingv a' gas tank by high pressure injection, andthe ready release'of displacedtank-air.` I
Referring to Figure 8,.the blank or non-foraminous tube portion 16,:as well as the upper and lower'foraminousy portions 14 and y15, respectively,` may be` raised both as to their individual lengths and vrelative proportional position to the openingiw` of the tank filler pipe 80 and the opening `8| ofithe tank member 82.
Thus providingmeansl in this respect, adaptable This principle is adaptable to the forms of the invention shown andV described herein. r
l .With Lparticular .refe'rencetoy lower foraminous section15 of the flame arrester tube 10, it ywill beinoted the holes `12 of this section `beginat a point4 below the tank opening BI and'that the blank-portion 16 of the flame arrester tube asA to itsA lower end, -is positioned within the tankcham ber, thus providingl specific meansmto prevent gasoline -from being fed intothe substantially concentric air passagewithin the tank filler pipe 80, by way ofthe 'lower foraminous section 15. The displaced'tankairv isi entirely free to reach the atmosphere by :way-of the passage Iforaminous section `14 and open closure head member I11, which of course is always-normally open-during the tank filling operation. Referring to Figures 11 and 12, the'invention in this 4instance is shown in operative position and engagement with a gasoline tank 83, and its respective andA attachedfller pipe 84, thersame having a bayonette slottype of opening structure 85, similarto those shown and described in the preceding figures of the drawings in this respect.
In thepresent instance the invention comprises a closure head member 86, detachably engaged to the said filler pipe opening structure 85, in the manner as hereinbefor'e described for this portion of the invention, as shown in Figure l.
Suitably attached, by' rivets 81, tothe lower portion I 6 of the closure head, is a, flame arrester tube 88, comprising upper and lower foraminous end portions 89 and 90, respectively. The bottom opening 9|, of the lower portion of the tube is provided with a sunken foraminous closure vmember 92, the same being held in\ fixed relation to the tube by the inwardly disposed rolled edge of the tube, as indicated at 93, in Figure 11.
Between the upper and lower foraminous tube sections 89 and 90, respectively, is a closed wall or non-foraminous tube section 94 as shown.
The upper foraminous tube section 89 providing Numerous tests have been made as to the broad principles of design as herein disclosed, and found to be entirely satisfactory, bothlas to high speed lling and the safety factor of the flame arrester feature. In respect to the testsrelating to the latter feature, the closure head coverwould be opened and the gasoline "vapors ignited with a means for the free passage of displacedv tank air,
during the lling of the tank, as indicated by the arrows 95. It will be noted, the lower foraminous tube section 90 is positioned wholly within the gasoline storage chamber y96 of the tank 83, and
spaced below the restricted` tank opening 91. 1
Thus it may be readily seen, during theflling operation, gasoline entering the flame arrester tube 80 at the non-foraminous section 94, via the gasoline dispensing v.nozzle 98 will not be emitted into the concentric air passage 99 between the tube 80 and the tank pipe 8,4, butwill leave the flame arrester tube by way of the lower foraminous tube section 90 at a point inside the tank chamber 96 and below theopening 91 of the tank, as indicated by arrows |00. Thereby keeping this lopening free of incoming gasoline and permitting the displaced tank air to move in an unobstructed manner via the opening 91, concentric air passage 99, upper foraminous section i 89, closure head opening 21 and thence` tothe outside atmosphere. c i
This relative location of therespective tube sections 09, 90 and 94, thus provides meansfwhereby the feeding of gasoline into the conventional type of storage tank, through its respective ller pipe may be done at comparatively high speeds and pressures.
Figure 13 discloses a flame arrester tube I 0I with a fragmentary portion of the lower part I6 match, with gasoline in the tank, the vapors igniting immediately, `with a blue and partially yellow llame.` Upon-the vapors being burned out the ames would go out and the gasoline within the tank would be unaffected, and immune from the vapor flames `and resultant heat. .l I have thus described my invention specifically and in detail in order that its nature, operation and construction may be fully understood; however the specilc terms herein are used descriptivelyra'ther than in their limiting sense, .andthe scope of the invention is defined in the claims.
What I claim as new and desire-to secure by `Letters Patent is:
1. The combination with a liquid fuel storage tank and its respective filler pipe attached thereto, of a flame arrester attachment, comprising a closure head and a flexible tubular member attached at one end to said closure head and covered at its opposite end, means for xedly engaging said closure head to said tank filler pipe,
Vsaid tubular member` comprising a spirally wound interlocking foraminous rilrvbonl structure, providing means for adapting said tubular :member` to divers curved and bent tank filler pipes, and also means for restricting the free intermingling and flow of outside oxygen'and the explosive gaseous vapors'thrown off from liquid fuel withinsaid tank, said flexible tubular member comprising separate foraminous sections, and means for preventing the flow of saidliquid introduced into said tubular member at another sectional `portion of said tube, said means comprising an adjustable sleeve or cover element attached tothe flexible tube member, whereby a predetermined portion of the foraminous area of the said tubular member may be selected to be blocked olf and rendered ineffective as to the emitting of said liquid fuel from this covered area.
of the closure head shown attached thereto. In A engaging a metallic sleeve |02 over that portion` of the tube desired to be covered, by spot soldering 2. The combination with a liquid fuel storage tank and its respective filler pipe, of a flame arrester, comprising a closure head and a flexible corrugated tubularmember attached at one endV to said closure head and covered at its opposite end, means forxedly engaging said closure head to said tank filler pipe, said tubular member comprising alternate parallel ridges and groovesand also separate isolated foraminous areas, having means `for adapting said tubular member to divers curves .and bent tank filler pipes and for restrictor the like, as indicated at |03. Thus upperand 1 lower foraminous tube sections |04 and |05, respectively, are provided, as well as a blankecl or non-foraminous tube section |06 is provided.
This structure has all the functional advantages, as referred to hereinbefore, with respect to the features of the invention disclosed iny Figure 11. Y
ing the free intermngling andj flow of outside oxygen and the explosive gaseous vapors thrown kolf from liquid fuel within said tank,` said foramlinous areas being separated-by non-foraminous areas, said latter areas providing means for substantially unrestricted escape of displaced tank vapors during the lling of the tank through saidr tubular member. 4,
JOHN D, MEIKLE.
US414308A 1941-10-09 1941-10-09 Flame arrester Expired - Lifetime US2379735A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018019A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Coiled flame arrester
US3905505A (en) * 1972-10-17 1975-09-16 Techni Plaste Sa Fuel tank for automobile vehicles
US4224167A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-09-23 Philip Buttigieg Filler tube and filter attachment unit for fuel
DE3804407A1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-24 Audi Ag FUEL CONTAINER FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
US5520802A (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-05-28 Brubaker; Robert L. In-tank fuel filter for a lawnmower
US20080271814A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Honeycomb Flame Arrester and Flow Straightener for a Fuel System Fuel Fill Pipe
DE102008036979B3 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-04-15 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filling piece for plastic fuel tank of motor vehicle, has spiral ring for forming gas passage gaps that are extending along longitudinal direction of filling piece, and set of holding rings rotated against each other
US20110036763A1 (en) * 2009-02-09 2011-02-17 Rototech S.R.L. Filler and filter unit for a tank, in particular for the fuel of a motor vehicle fitted with a diesel engine
US20110233207A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Takayuki Okawada Fuel tank for vehicle
US20110259885A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2011-10-27 Yusuke Muto Vehicular fuel tank fuel filler orifice device
DE102010045475B3 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-01-19 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck for a fuel tank of a motor vehicle
US20150352946A1 (en) * 2013-01-28 2015-12-10 Retinendi Ab Anti-theft device for a fuel tank
US20170266474A1 (en) * 2014-03-05 2017-09-21 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Transport container flame arrestor
US10328366B2 (en) * 2015-05-21 2019-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Fluid reservoir having inlet filtering
US10463999B2 (en) * 2014-01-03 2019-11-05 Clean Fuel Screen Company LLC Methods, devices, and systems for filtering hydrocarbons
US10737127B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2020-08-11 Scepter Manufacturing, LLC. Flame mitigation device (FMD) for use with a portable fuel container
WO2023044450A1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2023-03-23 Scepter U.S. Holding Company Flame mitigation device for fuel container

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018019A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Coiled flame arrester
US3905505A (en) * 1972-10-17 1975-09-16 Techni Plaste Sa Fuel tank for automobile vehicles
US4224167A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-09-23 Philip Buttigieg Filler tube and filter attachment unit for fuel
DE3804407A1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-24 Audi Ag FUEL CONTAINER FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
US5520802A (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-05-28 Brubaker; Robert L. In-tank fuel filter for a lawnmower
US20080271814A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Honeycomb Flame Arrester and Flow Straightener for a Fuel System Fuel Fill Pipe
US20110259885A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2011-10-27 Yusuke Muto Vehicular fuel tank fuel filler orifice device
DE102008036979B3 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-04-15 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filling piece for plastic fuel tank of motor vehicle, has spiral ring for forming gas passage gaps that are extending along longitudinal direction of filling piece, and set of holding rings rotated against each other
US20100193075A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-08-05 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck
US8251109B2 (en) 2008-08-08 2012-08-28 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck
US20110036763A1 (en) * 2009-02-09 2011-02-17 Rototech S.R.L. Filler and filter unit for a tank, in particular for the fuel of a motor vehicle fitted with a diesel engine
US8029667B2 (en) * 2009-02-09 2011-10-04 Rototech S.R.L. Filler and filter unit for a tank, in particular for the fuel of a motor vehicle fitted with a diesel engine
US20110233207A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Takayuki Okawada Fuel tank for vehicle
US9359033B2 (en) * 2010-03-26 2016-06-07 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel tank for vehicle
DE102010045475B3 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-01-19 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck for a fuel tank of a motor vehicle
WO2012034643A1 (en) 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck for a fuel tank of a motor vehicle
US10065495B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2018-09-04 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Filler neck for a fuel tank of a motor vehicle
US20150352946A1 (en) * 2013-01-28 2015-12-10 Retinendi Ab Anti-theft device for a fuel tank
US9975423B2 (en) * 2013-01-28 2018-05-22 Retinendi Ab Anti-theft device for a fuel tank
US10463999B2 (en) * 2014-01-03 2019-11-05 Clean Fuel Screen Company LLC Methods, devices, and systems for filtering hydrocarbons
US20170266474A1 (en) * 2014-03-05 2017-09-21 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Transport container flame arrestor
US10328366B2 (en) * 2015-05-21 2019-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Fluid reservoir having inlet filtering
US10737127B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2020-08-11 Scepter Manufacturing, LLC. Flame mitigation device (FMD) for use with a portable fuel container
WO2023044450A1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2023-03-23 Scepter U.S. Holding Company Flame mitigation device for fuel container

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